Part 20

Gladiolus, foliis lineari-cruciatis; floribus maximis, versicoloribus.

Gladiolus, with linear cross-shaped leaves; flowers very large, and changeable.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The two Sheaths of the Empalement. 2. The Pointal, and Seed-bud; one of the divisions of the Summit magnified. 3. A ripe Seed, natural size, in its tunic.

That colour bears the character given it by Sir Isaac Newton, our present subject (as did the prism) adds another proof. The Gladiolus versicolor might, like the camelion, equally be a subject of contention, to those who have seen its blossom at different periods of the same day; for, strange to tell! it is brown in the morning, and continues to change from that colour till it becomes light blue by night. During the night it regains its pristine colour; and this change is effected diurnally, whilst the flower is in its vigour; but upon the decay, the change is less powerful, gradually fixing in a dark brown; which, however, does not take place in less than nine or ten days. This is the only flower, we have ever noticed, to regain the colour that has once forsook it. A drawing was began about ten o’clock in the morning, but before it was finished the plant was so totally altered in colour that there was an absolute necessity for taking a second day to complete it. The bulbs of this plant were sent from the Cape of Good Hope by J. Pringle, Esq. of Madeira, in 1794, amongst many others, to Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, of Hammersmith, where the drawing was made. It flowers about the month of June; is increased by the root or seed; and thrives best in peat earth.

PLATE XX.

ECHIUM GRANDIFLORUM.

Large-flowered Viper’s Bugloss.

CLASS V. ORDER I.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Five Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX. Perianthium quinquepartitum, erectum persistens; laciniis subulatis erectis.

COROLLA. Monopetala, campanulata. Tubus brevissimus. Limbus erectus, sensim ampliatus, quinquefidus obtusus; laciniis sæepius inæqualibus; superioribus duabus longioribus, infirnis minoribus, acutis, reflexis. Faux pervia.

STAMINA. Filamenta quinque, subulata, longitudine corollæ, declinata, inæqualia. Antheræ oblongæ, incumbentes.

PISTILLUM. Gemina quatuor. Stylus filiformis, longitudine staminum. Stigma obtusum, bifidum.

PERICARPIUM nullum. Calyx rigidior, in sinu semina fovens.

SEMINA quatuor, subrotunda, oblique acumenata.

EMPALEMENT. Cup with five divisions, upright, permanent; segments awl-shaped, upright.

BLOSSOM. One petal, bell-shaped. Tube very short. Border gradually widening, with five clefts, blunt. Segments oftenest unequal, the two upper ones the longest; the lower ones smaller, sharp, and reflexed. The mouth open.

CHIVES. Five threads, awl-shaped, the length of the blossom, declined, and unequal. Tips oblong, fixed sideways to the threads.

POINTAL. Seed-buds four. Shaft thread-shaped, the length of the chives. Summit blunt, and two-cleft.

SEED-VESSEL none. The cup growing more harsh, contains the seeds.

SEEDS four, roundish, obliquely tapering.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Echium, foliis nitidis, lanceolatis, hispidis; caule fruticoso; corollis maximis, æqualibus, rubris.

Viper’s Bugloss, with shining, lance-shaped, hairy leaves; stem shrubby; blossoms very large, equal, and red.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The Empalement. 2. A Blossom cut open, to expose the situation of the Chives. 3. The Shaft and its Summit magnified. 4. A ripe seed.