Part 98

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MAP No. 1

WESTERN UNION TRANS-ATLANTIC CABLES AND CONNECTIONS]

THE STORY IN A RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVE

The wonder of our railroad systems to-day is the growth of the locomotive. The necessity for economy in hauling long freight trains has led to the development of this type of engine. Some idea of its size can be had from the second picture, which shows the boiler and firebox of the locomotive shown in the first picture. The firebox is so large that an ordinary narrow-gauge locomotive of the old style can be comfortably stored in it.

LOADED WEIGHTS

On driving wheels 475,000 lbs. On truck wheels 30,000 lbs. On trailing wheels 35,000 lbs. Total of engine 540,000 lbs. Total of tender 212,000 lbs.

WHEEL BASE

Driving, rigid 15 ft. 6 ins. Total of engine 57 ft. 4 ins. Total of engine and tender 91 ft. 5³⁄₁₆ ins.

CYLINDERS

Diameter H.P. 28 ins., L. P. 44 ins. Stroke of piston 32 ins.

WHEELS

Diameter of driving wheels, outside 56 ins. Diameter of truck wheels 30 ins. Diameter of trailing wheels 30 ins. Diameter of tender wheels 33 ins.]

LOW PRESSURE CYLINDERS OF ARTICULATED COMPOUND LOCOMOTIVE.

In the picture we see the cylinders of the locomotive shown on the previous page. Some idea of their size can be had from the fact that a good-sized man can sit comfortably in each of them.

BOILER

Type Ex. Wagon Top Working pres. per sq. in. 200 lbs. Outside diam. at front end 100 ins. Outside diam. at back end 112 ins. Length firebox inside 173¹⁄₁₆ ins. Length firebox, actual, inside 132 ins. Width of firebox inside 108¹⁄₄ ins. No. and diam. of tubes 334, 2¹⁄₄ ins. No. and diam. of flues 48, 5¹⁄₂ ins. Length of tubes 24 ft. 0 ins. Combust. chamber length 39¹⁄₁₆ ins. Grate area 99.2 sq. ft.

HEATING SURFACE

Tubes and flues 6462 sq. ft. Water tubes 67 sq. ft. Firebox 380 sq. ft. Total 6909 sq. ft. Superheating surface 1311 sq. ft.

CLEARANCE LIMITATIONS

Extreme height 16 ft. 5¹⁄₈ ins. Extreme width 11 ft. 8¹⁄₂ ins. Length over all 99 ft. 9⁵⁄₈ ins.

MAXIMUM TRACTIVE POWER

Working compound 115,000 lbs. Working simple 138,000 lbs. Factor of adhesion (working compound) 4.13 Factor of adhesion (working simple) 3.44

TENDER CAPACITY

Water 12,000 gals. Fuel 16 tons]

Here is a picture of one end of the boiler of this giant locomotive. It would take a man more than seven feet high to bump his head in the middle of it while standing on his feet.]

When these large locomotives were first used it was found that no one fireman could shovel in enough coal to keep the steam up. It would require three or four firemen working constantly to shovel enough coal to keep this engine going. Man’s inventive genius came to the front, however, and now we have an automatic fireman, so to speak. Instead of shoveling coal on one of these engines the fireman merely operates a lever. This is a picture of the Sweet locomotive stoker installed in a railroad engine. This machine automatically conveys coal from the tender to the locomotive, raises it by an elevator to a point above the fire door, dumps it into the firebox and spreads it evenly over the grate.]

The fast express trains haven’t time to stop and take water from the tank at the side of the railroad as in former days. This picture shows a tank built between the tracks which enables the engineer to fill his boilers without slackening speed. When approaching this tank the engineer simply lowers a tube into the water, the end of which is a scoop. The moving engine thus forces the water up into the tube, from which it runs into the boiler.]