Part 130

=Candles=, did they come before lamps? 294 why it burns, 21 why it gives light, 21 why you can blow out, 21-36 when introduced, 296

=Candy=, why do children like? 409 why does eating candy make some people fat? 409

=Carbon=, 352

=Carbonate of Soda=, used in developing, 23

=Carburetor=, in gas engine, 184

=Carpets=, carding machine (illus.), 170 dyeing the yarn, (illus.), 170 examining and repairing (illus.), 173 how yarn is dyed, 170 manufacture of (illus.), 169 modern, how made, 169 packing for shipment (illus.), 173 processes, 169-170-171, 173 stamping designs, 173 view of factory (illus.), 172 weaving, by machine (illus.), 171 wool, packing machine (illus.), 169 wool sorting, 170

=Cartridges=, invention of, 48 types of (illus.), 49

=Cave=, man who invented ammunition, 40

=Cement=, alumina in, 95 amount used in United States, 95 arch, 95 bagging (illus.), 99 bridges, 95 bucket (illus.), 97 burned (illus.), 98 calcined (illus.), 98 clay in, 95 crusher (illus.), 97 dams, 95 fireproof, 95 grinders (illus.), 98 industry, 95 in water, 95 kiln (illus.), 98 lime in, 95 machine (illus.), 97 marl in, 95 mill (illus.), 96-98 mixing (illus.), 99 mortar, 99 on farms, 95 origin, 95 plastic, 95 Portland, 95 powder (illus.), 98 quarry (illus.), 96 reinforced, 95 rock (illus.), 95-97 sewers, 95 shale in, 95 shovel (illus.), 96 sidewalks, 95 silica in, 95 strength of, 95 subways, 95 tunnels, 95 walls, 95 what is it, 95 what made of, 95 what used for, 95 weighing (illus.), 99 where obtained (illus.), 97

=Chalk=, where it comes from, 18

=Chattering=, why do my teeth, 218

=China-making=, blungers, 404 clay, in making dishes, 405 decorating cups (illus.), 404-406 dishes, how shaped, 405 glazing plates (illus.), 404 grinders (illus.), 404 how the dishes are shaped, 405 molding (illus.), 405 pressing water from clay (illus.), 405 pulverizing materials, 404 pulverizing mill (illus.), 404 saggers (illus.), 406 taking the dishes from kiln (illus.), 406

=Chinese=, probable discovers of gun powder, 44

=Chocolate=, broma, what it is, 390 cacao beans (illus.), 388 cacao pods, (illus.), 391 cacao tree, discovery of, 388 cocoa butter, 390 cocoa mill (illus.), 390 cocoa roaster (illus.), 390 cocoa shells, 390 cracking mill, 389 cream mixing (illus.), 393 difference between and cacao, 394 dipping department, 394 finisher (illus.), 392 flaked cocoa, 392 heating machine (illus.), 393 how are chocolate candies made? 394 how made, 392 making, 393 milk, how made, 394 mill (illus.), 392 mixer (illus.), 393 shell separator (illus.), 389 what cocoa butter is, 390 wrapping individual, 394

=Cigars=, how they are made, 517

=Clay=, what is, 495

=Circles=, tendency to walk in, 91

=Clinking= glasses, how it originated? 232

=Clock=, age of, 319 largest in the world (illus.), 321 machinery which runs a big (illus.), 322 in Independence Hall (illus.), 323 in New York City Hall, 323

=Cloth=, beaming (illus.), 89 Burling (illus.), 88 Burr picker, 87 chloride of aluminum in making, 98 English cap spinning (illus.), 89 finished, ready for market (illus.), 90 finish perching (illus.), 90 fulling (illus.), 90 how made from wool, 85 how made perfect, 83 how woolen is dyed, 87 mending perching (illus.), 88 napping, 89 piece dyeing (illus.), 90 ring twisting (illus.), 89 sulphuric acid solution in making, 87 teasel, 89 weaving and scouring (illus.), 88 web, 86 woolen mule spinning (illus.), 89 worsted carding (illus.), 85 yarn inspecting (illus.), 89

=Clothes=, cost of wool in a suit of, 83 of wool, 80 wool in one suit of, 83

=Coal=, anthracite, 257, 258 anthracite seams (illus.), 260 breaker (illus.), 257 cars ready to go to surface (illus.), 260 dangers to the miners, 262 electric cap lamp (illus.), 264 firedamp, 262 gas illuminating from, 299 gases, 262 history of the safety lamp (illus.), 263 how the miners loosen the coal (illus.), 261 how the slate pickers work (illus.), 259 lamp which saves many lives, 263 man who invented the safety lamp, 264 mine workers that never see day light, 258 mules and their drivers (illus.), 258 peat, 262 safety lamp and firedamp, 262 seams (illus.), 260 shaft gate (illus.), 260 slate pickers (illus.), 259 soft, 259 spiral slate pickers (illus.), 259 stable underground (illus.), 258 undercutting with compressed air machines (illus.), 261 undercutting with pick (illus.), 261

=Cocoa=, see Cacao

=Cocoon=, description of, 115 completed (illus.), 116 from which moths have emerged (illus.), 117 how silk is reeled from, 118 moths emerging from (illus.), 117 number required to one pound of silk, 117 silkworm beginning of (illus.), 116 silkworm, preparing for making of (illus.), 116

=Coins=, gold, 266 in glass of water, 38 silver, 266

=Cohesion=, definition of, 219, 220

=Cold=, why some things are, 144

=Color=, exposed to light rays, 36 in paint, 229 what it is, 123