Part Iii;

ITS DESCENDANTS AND OFFTAKES Table lvii;— (a) Petrograd F. O. Codex (an indirect copy (?)), described by purchaser as Bābur-nāma, Preface xliii-iv; (b) Pet. F. O. School of Oriental Languages Codex, entitled Bābur-nāma, scribe G. J. Kehr—referred to in loco:—diction of the Farghāna Section 1, of the Kābul Sect. 187, of the Hindūstān Sect. 445; its Persified character exemplified 147, 150, 167, and Add. Note, 177, (cf. JRAS. 1908, pp. 76, 88); its Latin version App. J, xxxv, Preface liv;— Other references 9, 18, 19, 44-8, 88, 164, 169; +Full contents+:—Preface lii; their reconstruction by Ilminski lii-iv, (cf. his own Preface JRAS. 1900 and a separate form in B.M., I.O., R.A.S. Libraries, etc.); the "Fragments" Preface xlv (No. viii), lii, (in loco) 438, 549, (a discussion) 574, 630, 640 (cf. JRAS. 1900-6-8); (c) The "Bābur-nāma" Imprint (constructed and edited by) N. I. Ilminski—referred to in loco, App. D, 227-59, 336, 420, App. I, xxxii; modelled on the L. and E. Memoirs of Baber 326, 337, App. T, lxxiv, Preface lii (cf. Ilminski's Preface ref. supra), 574; Preface:—its Kasan publication li; its deviation from its sole basis (Kehr's Codex) lii; Ilminski's work and some results lii, with n. 1 mid-page, liv; his doubts and achievement of a Turki reading book see hi s own Preface ref. supra; (d) Mémoires de Bāber, (French trs. of Ilminski's Bābur-nāma) A. Pavet de Courteille—referred to in loco, 215, 227, 346, 347, 407, 446, 478, 489, 559, 632, App. T, lxxviii, App. M, xlv;— the Mubīn not recognized 449, 630; an illness 619; mistakenly controverted 468; surmised ground on which it accepted the "Rescue Passage" App. D, xiv; its help in considering Shaikh Zain's compositions 553, 559;— questioned readings 223-5, 327-33-69, 421 (chīūrtīka), 462-70, 534, 617-19-38-40-47; a surmise discussed 574;— reviewed by Defrémery 562; its title Preface xxxiii, translation li, source liv, diction lix.

Water—water-thief 109, -road 595; dug for 234; under-ground courses of 417.

Wedding-gifts—43, 400.

Wednesday (Chār-shaṃba)—coincidences of the day 71.

Wells—chambered (wāīn, baoli) 532-3; dug 548, 552; purified when new 634.

White cloth—traded 202; booty 233-4-5-7-8.

Whiteway, Mr. R. S.—his help App. B, vii.

Wilāyat = Kābul 414.

With the Kuram Field-Force, J. A. S. Colquhoun—a route 231.

Wine (i.e. any fermented liquor)—`arāq (spirit) 385-6-7-8, 453-61-76; mahuwa-flower 505; beer 423; cider (chagīr) 83, Add. Note, P. 83; wines of Bukhārā 83, Herī 265, Kābul:—Ālā-sāī 221, Dara-i-nūr 210, 410, App. G; Ghazni 461, Kābul-tumān 203, Nijr-aū 213;— Kāfiristan 211-12, 372;— +rules in use+:—drinking-days 33-4, 111, 447; one liquor only 386; no-pressure on a non-drinker 406-10; +wine-parties+:—Bābur protests against excess 398; excludes drunkards 419, is disgusted by drunken uproar 386 and by beer-intoxication 423; gives his followers freedom to do as Herātīs did 304; givers of "wines", Khw. Kalān 371-5, 461, Shāh Beg 400, the Bāī-qarā Mirzas 299, 302, Khw. Muḥ. `Alī 411 (a business-party), 413;— +Bābur's breaches of Law+ not committed till cir. his 28th year 83, 355; resisted temptation in Herāt 299, etc.— his parties associated with beauty of scene, e.g. autumnal 414-16-18; in his gardens 412, 406 and 420; under a plane-tree 405, at Istālīf 406, near an illuminated camp 450; after and before long marches (frequent); mention made of (925 AH.) 375-85-88, 408-10-14-15-16-17-19; (926 AH.) 420-1-2-3-4; (932 AH.) 447, 450-53-61; (933 AH.) 537;— drinks a few cups to console 418, out of courtesy in a charmless place 424; "morning" 395-8, 415-20-22; gallops when not sober 388-98;— +Other Law-breakers+ Preface xxix, 16, 33-4, 45, 70, 134, 259-68-73, (woman) 36, 417; Herātīs 259, Ḥiṣāris 42, Pich-Kāfirs 22;— +Parties accompanied+ by improvisation 26, dancing 299, music (usually); (for return to obedience see Law and Index I s.n. Bābur).

Wordsworth's "undying fish" recalled 305.

Workmen—Tīmūr's 77, 520; Bābur's 520, 634.

Wray, Mr. Cecil and Mr. Leonard—their help 495, 502.

Yajuj and Majuj (Gog and Magog) 560.

Yāqūt see Dictionary of Towns.

+Noticeable words+:— Yada-tāsh, jade-stone see Magic; yāghrūnchī, divination from sheep's-blades 233; yīghāch, tree, wood 11, 81; yīghāch see Measures; yīgīt, a brave 16, 53, 70, App. H, xxvii; yīlāq, alp see i.a. Yār- and Būrka-; yīnka-chīcha, maternal-uncle's mother-in-law (?); yīnkalīk, levirate 23, 267, 306, 616; yūkūnmāk, to bend the knee 301; yūsūnlūq, hereditary 23.

Z̤afar-nāma (Book of Victory i.e. Tīmūr's) Maulana Sharafu'd-dīn `Ali Yazdī—[see nn. on pp. named], places 10, 74-8, 83-4; persons 39, 272; meaning of Sawālak 485; Tīmūr's capture of Qarshī 134; his burial at a saint's feet 266; his workmen 77, 520; partly translated in Histoire de Tīmūr Beg q.v.; the book and its main basis, the Malfūzāt-i-tīmūrī Preface xxix, xxx, its author xxxiii.

Zainu'd-dīn Khawāfī (Shaikh Zain)'s writings— (1) T̤abaqāt-i-bāburī q.v.; (2) Mubīn, a Commentary on Bābur's Mubīn 438; (3) Farmān announcing Bābur's renouncement of wine and remission of ṯamghā-tax 553; (4) Fatḥ-nāma of the victory at Kānwa 559 to 574; Bābur's reason for inserting it (4) in his book 559; the sole Letter of victory so preserved 561; grounds against supposing Bābur wrote a plain Turkī account of the battle 574.

OMISSIONS FROM TRANSLATION AND FOOTNOTES.

p. 7 l.1 "turbulent" add They are notorious in Mawara'u'n-nahr for their bullyings.

p. 27 l.5 "(1504)" add when, after taking Khusrau Shah, we besieged Muqim in Kabul.

p. 31 l.1 "paid" add no (attention).

p. 43 l.9 enter f. 24b.

ib. l.8 fr. ft. "Taghai" add and Auzun Hasan.

p. 45 Sec. c, l.2 "good" add he never neglected the Prayers.

p. 48 l.16 "grandmother" add Khan-zada Begim.

p. 52 l.4 fr. ft. "childhood" add and had attained the rank of Beg.

p. 88 l.9 Hasan add and Sl. Ahmad Tambal.

p. 92 l.8 "on" add to Sang-zar.

p. 95 l.12 "service" add did not stay in Khurasan but.

p. 128 l.18 "two" add young (sons).

p. 131 l.12 "Jan-wafa" add Mirza.

p. 134 l.7 fr. ft. "that" add night that.

ib. l.3 fr. ft. "was" add in my 19th (lunar) year.

p. 136 l.5 "was" add in my 19th (lunar) year.

p. 139 l.11 fr. ft. read Jani Beg Sultan.

p. 141 l.10 "Khusrau Shah" add my highly-favoured beg Qambar-i-ali the Skinner Mughul, not acting at such a time as this according to the favour he had received, came and took his wife from Samarkand; he too went to Khusrau Shah.

p. 143 l.16 "that" add near Shutur-gardan.

p. 152 l.12 fr. ft. "dead" add A few days later we went back to Dikh-kat.

p. 164 Sec. d, l.6 fr. ft. "for" add Sairam.

p.201 l.12 read Kabul-fort.

p. 205 l.10 fr. ft. read "are closed for" 4 or 5 months in winter. After crossing Shibr-tu people go on through Ab-dara. In the heats, when the waters come down in flood, these roads have the same rule as in winter ("because" etc.).

p. 217 l.11 "Sih-yaran" add It became a very good-halting-place. I had a vineyard planted on the hill above the seat.

p. 221 Sec. h, at the beginning insert The mountains to the eastward of the cultivated land of Kabul are of two kinds as also are those to its westward ("Where the mountains" etc.).

p. 230 last line "men" add Khusrau Gagiani.

p. 247 l.1 "Qush-nadir" add meadow.

p. 308 l.14 "ground" add Moreover it snowed incessantly and after leaving Chiragh-dan, not only was there very deep snow but the road was unknown.

p. 391 March 18th "darogha-ships" add Sangur Khan Qarluq and Mirza-i-malui Qarluq came leading 30 or 40 men of the Qarluq elders, made offering of a horse in mail, and waited on me. Came also the army of the Dilah-zak Afghāns.

p. 393 March 25th l.2 "out" add from the river's bank.

p. 454 l.5 "boat" add There was a party; some drinking `araq, some beer. After leaving the boat at the Bed-time Prayer, there was more drinking in the khirgah (tent). For the good of the horses, we gave them a day's breathing on the bank of this water.

p. 468 l.3 "sent" add Yunas-i-'ali and Ahmadi and ("`Abdu'l-lah").

p. 484 l.1 "Rao" add with four or five thousand Pagans.

p. 498 (s.n. florican), "colour" add The flesh of the florican is very delicate. As the kharchal (Indian buzzard) resembles the tughdaq (great buzzard) so the charz (florican) resembles the tughdiri.

ib. (s.n. sand-grouse) "Tramontana" add the blackness of its breast is less deep, its cry also is sharper.

p. 500 after l. 11 "eagle" add (new para.) Another is the buzzard (T. sar); its tail and back are red.

p. 506 (s.n. kamrak) "long" add It has no stone.

p. 507 n. 3 "name" add also; "plantain" add (banana).

p. 510 l. 5 see App. O, p. liv for addendum.

p. 529 l. 4 fr.ft. "Dulpur" add Gualiar.

p. 595 l. 19 "other" read 2 or 3 (places); the Pagans in the du-tahi began to run away; "the du-tahi was taken."

p. 603 l. 7 fr.ft. "(366b)" add and between Ghazipur and Banaras (p. 502).

p. 674 l. 2 "river" add in his mail.

p. 678 l. 2 "amirs" add Sultan.

p. 679 l. 8 fr.ft. "given" add It was settled that a son of each of them should be always in waiting in Agra; l. 7 fr.ft. "Araish" add and two others; l. 2 fr.ft. "Saru" add towards Oude.

p. 689 l. 2 fr.ft. "laks" add and a head-to-foot (dress).

App. Q l. 1 "interpret" add those of.

CORRIGENDA.

To ensure notice many of these are entered in the Indices.

Pages

6 l.4 "meadow" read plain (maidan).

11 n.4, "siyar" unaccented; (H.S.) ii read iii n.n. pp. 18, 38, 48, 244.

12 n.4 l.3 "attack in" read attacking.

14 l.3 "and" read who.

16 l.10 n. ref. "3" tr. to "amorous".

24 n.1 "932" read 923.

27 para. 2 read "Baba `Ali Beg's Baba-quli".

28 l.8 "leaders" read Mughul mirzadas.

29 n.6 l.5 "then" read his.

37 l.8 "916" read 917; and tr. nn. 2 and 3.

38 l.9 "favour" run on to Ahmad.

44 l.9 55 l.12 delete "Sayyid".

46 l.12 read Chikman.

49 l.3 "Black" read White.

51 l.12 fr. ft. "Badakhshan" read Hisar.

55 "f. 34" read f. 32b.

57 l.1, enter f. 33 and move "f. 33b" to 58 l.2.

61 l.4 "Beg" read Baba-quli Beg.

68 l.10 fr. ft. tr. n. ref. 4 to "Aurgut".

69 n.2, read aunutung; and tr. nakunid and bakunid.

79 l.5 tr. n. ref. 3 to qibla; in author's n. read Batalmius; and in n.4 read Ayin.

85 l.9 read 851 A.H.-1447 A.D.; l.3 fr. ft. move "Jumada I, 22, 855 A.H." to p.86 l.1, after "years".

94 l.6 "Chirik" read Char-yak.

95 l.2 fr. ft. "Aubaj" read Char-jui.

96 last line "Qasim" read Kamal (or Kahal).

109 l.16 "qasim" read qadus.

ib. n.5 l.3 read grand "father".

117 n.2 "909" read 908.

122 n.4 "bulghar" read buljar.

129 l.14 "daban" read kutal.

131 ll.3-4 fr. ft. read Khan-quli and Karim-dad.

134 l.3 fr. ft. and 136 l.5 read in my 19th (lunar) year.

144 para. 3 "rain" read grain.

148 n.2 "f. 18" read f. 118.

149 l.17 read Khanim.

154 n.3 "f. 183b" read f. 103b and for f. 264b read f. 264.

168 Sect. heading "Kasan" read Karnan.

175 l.11 read Mirza-quli.

183 last line "Kulja" read Khuldja.

192 l.3 read Taliqan.

194 l.12 read Quhlugha.

ib. n.3 read Bai-sunghar.

204 l.16 read Curriers'.

205 l.5 read Sir; l.13 read Wa(lian); l.14 read Qibchaq.

205 l.10 fr. ft. "three or four" read four or five (cf. omissions p. 205).

211 para. 3, end, "920" read 924.

212 n.2 l.2 read chiqmaq.

213 n.5 "parwan" read parran; and nn.5, 6, 7 read Blanford.

244 ll.8 and 25 "page" read preferably, brave; l.19 read gallopers.

273 n.2 read grand-"daughter".

282 n.3 l.2 "345" read 348-9.

289 l.5 "wonderful" read metaphorist.

342 mid-page read Pur-amin.

344 last line "Appendix" read Trs.' note 711.

351 l.15 "Akhsi" read Archian.

387 n.3 delete sentence 2.

410 last line "khuntul" read hunzal.

414 l.2 "18th" read 13th; and l.2 fr. ft. "purslain" read poplar.

438 l.15 "son" read grandson.

447 n.3 para. 2 l.1 "month" read week.

470 n.l. 5 fr. ft. "p.66" read p. 166.

482 n.3 "Gujrat" read Malwa.

485 sec. e l.7 "Gumti" read Gui.

499 l.17 "yak-rang" read bak-ding (see Add. Note P. 499).

500 l.15 s.n. crow "qarcha" read qargha; n.6 "f. 136" read f. 135.

505 l.6 tr. n. ref. "2" to, buia.

520 n.1 "1854" read 1845.

534 l.2 fr. ft. "and" read 932.

535 l.2 fr. ft. delete "others".

579 l.8 "April 13th" read April 3rd.

591 n.2 "qurughir" read quruqtur.

604 n.l.1 read Afaghana.

616 l.5 read Madhakur; and Sect. m "qara-su" read darya qaraghi or qaraghina.

620 l.7 rahim read rahman.

621 l.11 after "servants" read Beg-gina "had come".

622 l.12 read Siunjuk; l.13 Tashkint.

631 l.13 delete the parenthesis (see Add. Note P. 631).

632 l.4 read Farrukh.

636 l.7 "rest" read eight others.

640 l.1 read quli.

643 (Feb. 4th) "Muhammad" read Mahmud.

644 n.5 "323" read 232.

699 l.13 "935" read 938.

713 l.3 read Saliha; and l.11 fr. ft. Miran-shahi.

ADDITIONAL NOTES

P. 16 l. 11.—Niẕāmī mentions "lover's marks" where a rebel chieftain commenting on Khusrau's unfitness to rule by reason of his infatuation for Shīrīn, says, "Hinoz az`āshīqbāzī garm dāgh ast." (H.B.)

P. 22 n. 2.—Closer acquaintance with related books leads me to delete the words "Chaghatāī Mughūl" from Ḥaidar Dūghlāt's tribal designations (p. 22, n. 2, l. 1). (1) My "Chaghatāī" had warrant (now rejected) in Ḥaidar's statement (T.R. trs. p. 3) that the Dūghlāt amirs were of the same stock (abna`-i-jins) as the Chaghatāī Khāqāns. But the Dūghlāt off-take from the common stem was of earlier date than Chīngīz Khān's, hence, his son's name "Chaghatāī" is a misnomer for Dūghlāts. (2) As for "Mūghūl" to designate Dūghlāt, and also Chaghatāī chiefs—guidance for us rests with the chiefs themselves; these certainly (as did also the Begchīk chiefs) held themselves apart from "Mughūls of the horde" and begs of the horde—as apart they had become by status as chiefs, by intermarriage, by education, and by observance of the amenities of civilized life. To describe Dūghlāt, Chaghatāī and Begchīk chiefs in Bābur's day as Mughūls is against their self-classification and is a discourtesy. A clear instance of need of caution in the use of the word Mughūl is that of `Alī-sher Nawā'ī Chaghatāī. (Cf. Abū'l-ghāzī's accounts of the formation of several tribes.) (3) That "Mughūl" described for Hindustānis Bābur's invading and conquering armies does not obliterate distinctions in its chiefs. Mughūls of the horde followed Tīmūrids when to do so suited them; there were also in Bābur's armies several chiefs of the ruling Chaghatāī family, brothers of The Khān, Sa`īd (see Chīn-tīmūr, Aīsan-tīmūr, Tūkhta-būghā). With these must have been their following of "Mughūls of the horde".

P. 34 l. 12.—"With the goshawks" translates qīrchīgha bīla of the Elph. MS. (f. 12b) where it is explained marginally by ba bāzī, with the falcon or goshawk. The Ḥai. MS. however has, in its text, pīāzī bīla which may mean with arrows having points (Sanglākh f. 144b quoting this passage). Ilminski has no answering word (Méms. i, 19). Muḥ. Shirāzī [p. 13 l. 11 fr. ft.] writes ba bāzī mīandākhtan.

P. 39.—The Ḥabību's-siyar (lith. ed. iii, 217 l. 16) writes of Sayyid Murād Āūghlāqchī (the father or g.f. of Yūsuf) that he (who had, Bābur says, come from the Mughūl horde) held high rank under Abū-sa`īd Mīrzā, joined Ḥusian Bāī-qarā after the Mīrzā's defeat and death (873 A.H.), and (p. 218) was killed in defeat by Amīr `Alī Jalāīr who was commanding for Yādgār-i-muḥammad Shāh-rukhī.

P. 49.—An Aīmāq is a division of persons and not of territory. In Mongolia under the Chinese Government it answers to khanate. A Khān is at the head of an aīmāq. Aīmāqs are divided into koshung, i.e. banners (Mongolia, N. Prejevalsky trs. E. Delmar Morgan, ii, 53).

P. 75 and n. 1.—For an explanation, provided in 94 AH., of why Samarkand was called Baldat-i-maḥfūẓa, the Guarded-city, see Daulat-shāh, Browne's ed. s.n. Qulaiba p. 443.

P. 85 n. 2.—The reference to the Ḥabību's-siyar confuses two cases of parricide:—`Abdu'l-laṯīf's of Aulugh Beg (853-1447) to which Ḥ.S. refers [Vol. III, Part 2, p. 163, l. 13 fr. ft.] with (one of 7-628) Shīrūya's of Khusrau Parvīz (Ḥ.S. Vol. I, Part 2, p. 44, l. 11 fr. ft.) where the parricide's sister tells him that the murderer of his father (and 15 brothers) would eventually be punished by God, and (a little lower) the couplet Bābur quotes (p. 85) is entered (H.B.).

P. 154 n. 3.—The Persian phrase in the Siyāsat-nāma which describes the numbering of the army (T. dīm kūrmāk) is ba sar-i-tāzīāna shumurdan. Schafer translates tāzīāna by cravache. I have nowhere found how the whip was used; (cf. S.N. Pers. text p. 15 l. 5).

P. 171 n. 1.—Closer acquaintance with Bābur's use of daryā, rūd, sū, the first of which he reserves for a great river, casts doubt on my suggestion that daryā may stand for the Kāsān-water. But the narrative supports what I have noted. The "upper villages" of Akhsī might be, however, those higher up on the Saiḥūn-daryā (Sīr-daryā).

P. 189 and n. 1.—A third and perhaps here better rendering of bī bāqī is that of p. 662 (s.d. April 10th), "leaving none behind."

P. 196.—The Habību's-siyar (lith. ed. iii, 250 l. 11 fr. ft.) writes of barādarān of Khusrau Shāh, Amīr Walī and Pīr Walī. As it is improbable that two brothers (Anglicé) would be called Walī, it may be right to translate barādarān by brethren, and to understand a brother and a cousin. Bābur mentions only the brother Walī.

P. 223 ll. 1-3 fr. ft.—The French translation, differing from `Abdu'r-rahim's and Erskine's, reads Bābur as saying of the ranges separating the cultivated lands of Kabul, that they are comme des ponts de trèfle, but this does not suit the height and sometimes permanent snows of some of the separating ranges.—My bald "(great) dams" should have been expanded to suit the meaning (as I take it to be) of the words Yūr-ūnchaqā pul-dik, like embankments (pul) against going (yūr) further; (so far, ūncha). Cf. Griffiths' Journal, p. 431.

P. 251.—Niẕāmī expresses the opinion that "Fate is an avenging servitor" but not in the words used by Bābur (p. 251). He does this when moralizing on Farhad's death, brought about by Khusrau's trick and casting the doer into dread of vengeance (H. B.).

P. 266 n. 7.—On p. 266 Bābur allots three daughters to Pāpā Aghācha and on p. 269 four. Various details make for four. But, if four, the total of eleven (p. 261) is exceeded.

P. 276 para. 3.—Attention is attracted on this page to the unusual circumstance that a parent and child are both called by the same name, Junaid. One other instance is found in the Bābur-nāma, that of Bābur's wife Ma`ṣuma and her daughter. Perhaps "Junaid" like "Ma`ṣūma" was the name given to the child because birth closely followed the death of the parent (see s.n. Ma`ṣūma).

P. 277.—Concerning Bih-būd Beg the Shaībānī-nāma gives the following information:—he was in command in Khwārizm and Khīva when Shaibānī moved against Chīn Ṣūfī (910 AH.), and spite of his name, was unpopular (Vambéry's ed. 184, 186). Vambéry's note 88 says he is mentioned in the (anonymous) prose Shaibānī-nāma, Russian trs. p. lxi.

P. 372 l. 2 fr. ft.—Where the Ḥai. MS. and Kāsān Imp. have mu`āraẓ, rival, E. and de C. translate by representative, but the following circumstances favour "rival":—Wais was with Bābur (pp. 374-6) and would need no representative. His arrival is not recorded; no introductory particulars are given of him where his name is first found (p. 372); therefore he is likely to have joined Bābur in the time of the gap of 924 AH. (p. 366), before the siege of Bajaur-fort and before `Alā'u'd-dīn did so. The two Sawādī chiefs received gifts and left together (p. 376).

P. 393 l. 4.—In this couplet the point lies in the double-meaning of ra`iyat, subject and peasant.

P. 401.—Under date Thursday 25th Bābur mentions an appointment to read fiqah sabaqī to him. Erskine translated this by "Sacred extracts from the Qorān" (I followed this). But "lessons in theology" may be a better rendering—as more literal and as allowing for the use of other writings than the Qorān. A correspondent Mr. G. Yazdānī (Gov. Epigraphist for Muslim Inscriptions, Haidarabad) tells us that it is customary amongst Muslims to recite religious books on Thursdays.

P. 404 l. 7 fr. ft.—Bābā Qashqa (or Qāshqā)'s family-group is somewhat interesting as that of loyal and capable men of Mughūl birth who served Bābur and Humāyūn. It must have joined Bābur in what is now the gap between 914 and 925 AH. because not mentioned earlier and because he is first mentioned in 925 AH. without introductory particulars. The following details supplement Bābur-nāma information about the group:—(1) Of Bāba Qashqa's murder by Muḥammad-i-zamān Bāī-qarā Gul-hadan (f. 23) makes record, and Badāyūnī (Bib. Ind. ed. i, 450) says that (cir. 952 AH.) when Bābā's son Ḥājī Muḥ. Khān Kūkī had pursued and overtaken the rebel Kāmrān, the Mīrzā asked, as though questioning the Khān's ground of hostility to himself, "But did I kill thy father Bābā Qashqa?" (Pidrat Bābā Qashqa magar man kushta am?).—(2) Of the death of Bābā Qashqa's brother "Kūkī", Abū'l-faẓl records that he was killed in Hindūstān by Muḥammad Sl. M. Bāī-qarā (952 AH.), and that Kūkī's nephew Shāh Muḥ. (see p. 668) retaliated (955 AH.) by arrow-shooting one of Muḥ. Sl. Mīrzā's sons. This was done when Shāh Muḥ. was crossing Mīnār-pass on his return journey from sharing Humāyūn's exile in Persia (see Jauhar).—(3) Hājī Muḥ. Khān Kūkī and Shāh Muḥammad Khān appear to have been sons of Bābā Qashqa and nephews of "Kūkī" (supra). They were devoted servants of Humāyūn but were put to death by him in 958 AH.-1551 AD. (cf. Erskine's H. of I. Humāyūn).—(4) About the word Kūkī dictionaries afford no warrant for taking it to mean foster-brother (kokah). Chīngīz Khān had a beg known as Kūk or Kouk (or Gūk) and one of his own grandsons used the same style. It may link the Bābā Qashqā group with the Chīngīz Khānid Kūkī, either as descendants or as hereditary adherents, or as both. (See Abū'l-ghāzī's Shajarat-i-Turk, trs. Désmaisons, Index s.n. Kouk and also its accounts of the origin of several tribal groups.)

P. 416.—The line quoted by `Abdu'l-lāh is from the Anwār-i-suhailī,