Appendix I Am Indebted to Dr. Codrington and Mr. M. Longworth

Dames.

Elphinstone MS. f. 150b; Ḥaidarābād MS. f. 190b; Ilminsky, imprint p. 241.

Muḥ. Ma`ṣūm Bhakkarí's Tārīkh-i-sind 1600, Malet's Trs. 1855, p. 89; Mohan Lall's Journal 1834, p. 279 and Travels 1846, p. 311; Bellew's Political Mission to Afghānistān 1857, p. 232; Journal Asiatique 1890, Darmesteter's La grande inscription de Qandahār; JRAS. 1898, Beames' Geography of the Qandahār inscription. Murray's Hand-book of the Panjab etc. 1883 has an account which as to the Inscriptions shares in the inaccuracies of its sources (Bellew & Lumsden).

The plan of Qandahār given in the official account of the Second Afghān War, makes Chihil-zīna appear on the wrong side of the ridge, n.w. instead of n.e.

destroyed in 1714 AD. It lay 3 m. west of the present Qandahār (not its immediate successor). It must be observed that Darmesteter's insufficient help in plans and maps led him to identify Chihil-zīna with Chihil-dukhtarān (Forty-daughters).

Tārīkh-i-rashīdī trs. p. 387; Akbar-nāma trs. i, 290.

Ḥai. Codex, Index sn.n.

It is needless to say that a good deal in this story may be merely fear and supposition accepted as occurrence.

Always left beyond the carpet on which a reception is held.

This is not in agreement with Bābur's movements.

i.e. Humāyūn wished for a full-brother or sister, another child in the house with him. The above names of his brother and sister are given elsewhere only by Gulbadan (f. 6b).

The "we" might be Māhīm and Humāyūn, to Bābur in camp.

Perhaps before announcing the birth anywhere.

Presumably this plural is honorific for the Honoured Mother Māhīm.

Māhīm's and Humāyūn's quarters.

Gul-badan's Humāyūn-nāma, f. 8.

JRAS. A. S. Beveridge's Notes on Bābur-nāma MSS. 1900, [1902,] 1905, 1906, [1907,] 1908 (Kehr's transcript, p. 76, and Latin translation with new letter of Bābur p. 828).

In all such matters of the Bābur-nāma Codices, it has to be remembered that their number has been small.

Vigne's Travels in Kāshmīr ii, 277-8; Tārīkh-i-rashīdī trs., p. 302 and n. and p. 466 and note.

It is not likely to be one heard current in Hindūstān, any more than is Bābur's Ar. bū-qalamūn as a name of a bird (Index s.n.); both seem to be "book-words" and may be traced or known as he uses them in some ancient dictionary or book of travels originating outside Hindūstān.

My note 6 on p. 421 shows my earlier difficulties, due to not knowing (when writing it) that kabg-ī-darī represents the snow-cock in the Western Himālayas.

By over-sight mention of this note was omitted from my article on the Elphinstone Codex (JRAS. 1907, p. 131).

Speede's Indian Hand-book (i, 212) published in 1841 AD. thus writes, "It is a curious circumstance that the finest and most esteemed fruit are produced from the roots below the surface of the ground, and are betrayed by the cracking of the earth above them, and the effluvia issuing from the fissure; a high price is given by rich natives for fruit so produced."

In the margin of the Elphinstone Codex opposite the beginning of the note are the words, "This is a marginal note of Humāyūn Pādshāh's."

Every Emperor of Hindūstān has an epithet given him after his death to distinguish him, and prevent the necessity of repeating his name too familiarly. Thus Firdaus-makān (dweller-in-paradise) is Bābur's; Humāyūn's is Jannat-ashi-yānī, he whose nest is in Heaven; Muḥammad Shāh's Firdaus-āramgāh, he whose place of rest is Paradise; etc. (Erskine).

Here Mr. Erskine notes, "Literally, nectar-fruit, probably the mandarin orange, by the natives called nāringī. The name amrat, or pear, in India is applied to the guava or Psidium pyriferum—(Spondias mangifera, Hort. Ben.—D. Wallich)."... Mr. E. notes also that the note on the amrit-phal "is not found in either of the Persian translations".

chūchūmān, Pers. trs. shīrīni bī maza, perhaps flat, sweet without relish. Bābur does not use the word, nor have I traced it in a dictionary.

chūchūk, savoury, nice-tasting, not acid (Shaw).

chūchūk nāranj āndāq (?) maṯ`ūn aīdī kīm har kīm-nī shīrīn-kārlīghī bī masa qīlkāndī, nāranj-sū'ī dīk tūr dīrlār aīdī.

The lemu may be Citrus limona, which has abundant juice of a mild acid flavour.

The kāmila and samṯara are the real oranges (kauṅlā and sangtāra), which are now (cir. 1816 AD.) common all over India. Dr. Hunter conjectures that the sangtāra may take its name from Cintra, in Portugal. This early mention of it by Bābur and Humāyūn may be considered as subversive of that supposition. (This description of the samṯara, vague as it is, applies closer to the Citrus decumana or pampelmus, than to any other.—D. Wallich.)—Erskine.

Humāyūn writes of this fruit as though it were not the sang-tara described by his father on f. 287 (p. 511 and note).

M. de Courteille translated jama` in a general sense by totalit.' instead of in its Indian technical one of revenue (as here) or of assessment. Hence Professor Dowson's "totality" (iv, 262 n.).

The B.M. has a third copy, Or. 5879, which my husband estimates as of little importance.

Sir G. A. Grierson, writing in the Indian Antiquary (July 1885, p. 187), makes certain changes in Ajodhya Prasad's list of the Brahman rulers of Tirhut, on grounds he states.

Index s.n. Bābur's letters. The passage Shaikh Zain quotes is found in Or. 1999, f. 65b, Add. 26,202, f. 66b, Or. 5879, f. 79b.

Cf. Index in loco for references to Bābur's metrical work, and for the Facsimile, JASB. 1910, Extra Number.

Monday, Rabi` II. 15th 935 AH.—Dec. 27th 1528 AD. At this date Bābur had just returned from Dhūlpūr to Āgra (f. 354, p. 635, where in note 1 for Thursday read Monday).

Owing to a scribe's "skip" from one yībārīldī (was sent) to another at the end of the next sentence, the passage is not in the Ḥai. MS. It is not well given in my translation (f. 357b, p. 642); what stands above is a closer rendering of the full Turkī, Humāyūngha tarjuma [u?] nī-kīm Hindūstāngha kīlkānī aītqān ash'ārnī yībārīldī (Ilminsky p. 462, 1. 4 fr. ft., where however there appears a slight clerical error).

Hesitation about accepting the colophon as unquestionably applying to the whole contents of the manuscript is due to its position of close association with one section only of the three in the manuscript (cf. post p. lx).

Plate XI, and p. 15 (mid-page) of the Facsimile booklet.—The Facsimile does not show the whole of the marginal quatrain, obviously because for the last page of the manuscript a larger photographic plate was needed than for the rest. With Dr. Ross' concurrence a photograph in which the defect is made good, accompanies this Appendix.

The second section ends on Plate XVII, and p. 21 of the Facsimile booklet.

Needless to say that whatever the history of the manuscript, its value as preserving poems of which no other copy is known publicly, is untouched. This value would be great without the marginal entries on the last page; it finds confirmation in the identity of many of the shorter poems with counterparts in the Bābur-nāma.

Another autograph of Shāh-i-jahān's is included in the translation volume (p. xiii) of Gul-badan Begam's Humāyūn-nāma. It surprises one who works habitually on historical writings more nearly contemporary with Bābur, in which he is spoken of as Firdaus-makānī or as Gītī-sitānī Firdaus-makānī and not by the name used during his life, to find Shāh-i-jahān giving him the two styles (cf. Jahāngīr's Memoirs trs. ii, 5). Those familiar with the writings of Shāh-i-jahān's biographers will know whether this is usual at that date. There would seem no doubt as to the identity of ān Ḥaẓrat.—The words ān ḥaẓrat by which Shāh-i-jahān refers to Bābur are used also in the epitaph placed by Jahāngīr at Bābur's tomb (Trs. Note p. 710-711).

The Qāẓī's rapid acquirement of the mufradāt of the script allows the inference that few letters only and those of a well-known script were varied.—Mufradāt was translated by Erskine, de Courteille and myself (f. 357b) as alphabet but reconsideration by the light of more recent information about the Bāburī-khat̤t̤ leads me to think this is wrong because "alphabet" includes every letter.—On f. 357b three items of the Bāburī-khat̤t̤ are specified as despatched with the Hindūstān poems, viz. mufradāt, qita`lār and sar-i-khat̤t̤. Of these the first went to Hind-āl, the third to Kāmrān, and no recipient is named for the second; all translators have sent the qita`lār to Hind-āl but I now think this wrong and that a name has been omitted, probably Humāyūn's.

f. 144b, p. 228, n. 3. Another interesting matter missing from the Bābur-nāma by the gap between 914 and 925 AH. is the despatch of an embassy to Czar Vassili III. in Moscow, mentioned in Schuyler's Turkistan ii, 394, Appendix IV, Grigorief's Russian Policy in Central Asia. The mission went after "Sulṯān Bābur" had established himself in Kābul; as Bābur does not write of it before his narrative breaks off abruptly in 914 AH. it will have gone after that date.

I quote from the Véliaminof-Zernov edition (p. 287) from which de Courteille's plan of work involved extract only; he translates the couplet, giving to khat̤t̤ the double-meanings of script and down of youth (Dictionnaire Turque s.n. sīghnāqī). The Sanglākh (p. 252) s.n. sīghnāq has the following as Bābur's:—

Chū balai khat̤t̤ī naṣīb'ng būlmāsa Bābur nī tang? Bare khat̤t̤ almanṣūr khat̤t̤ sighnāqī mū dūr?

Gibb's History of Ottoman Poetry i, 113 and ii, 137.

Réclus' L'Asie Russe p. 238.

On this same taḥrīr qīldīm may perhaps rest the opinion that the Rāmpūr MS. is autograph.

I have found no further mention of the tract; it may be noted however that whereas Bābur calls his Treatise on Prosody (written in 931 AH.) the `Arūẓ, Abū'l-faẓl writes of a Mufaṣṣal, a suitable name for 504 details of transposition.

Tūzūk-i-jahāngīr lith. ed. p. 149; and Memoirs of jahāngīr trs. i, 304. [In both books the passage requires amending.]

Rāmpūr MS. Facsimile Plate XIV and p. 16, verse 3; Akbar-nāma trs. i, 279, and lith. ed. p. 91.

Cf. Index s.n. Dalmau and Bangarmau for the termination in double ū.

Dr. Ilminsky says of the Leyden & Erskine Memoirs of Bābur that it was a constant and indispensable help.

My examination of Kehr's Codex has been made practicable by the courtesy of the Russian Foreign Office in lending it for my use, under the charge of the Librarian of the India Office, Dr. F. W. Thomas.—It should be observed that in this Codex the Hindūstān Section contains the purely Turkī text found in the Ḥaidarābād Codex (cf. JRAS. 1908, p. 78).

It may indicate that the List was not copied by Bābur but lay loose with his papers, that it is not with the Elphinstone Codex, and is not with the `Abdu'r-raḥīm Persian translation made from a manuscript of that same annotated line.

Cf. in loco p. 656, n. 3.

A few slight changes in the turn of expressions have been made for clearness sake.

Index s.n. Mīr Bāqī of Tāshkīnt. Perhaps a better epithet for sa`ādạt-nishān than "good-hearted" would be one implying his good fortune in being designated to build a mosque on the site of the ancient Hindū temple.

There is a play here on Bāqī's name; perhaps a good wish is expressed for his prosperity together with one for the long permanence of the sacred building khair (khairat).

Presumably the order for building the mosque was given during Bābur's stay in Aūd (Ajodhya) in 934 AH. at which time he would be impressed by the dignity and sanctity of the ancient Hindū shrine it (at least in part) displaced, and like the obedient follower of Muḥammad he was in intolerance of another Faith, would regard the substitution of a temple by a mosque as dutiful and worthy.—The mosque was finished in 935 AH. but no mention of its completion is in the Bābur-nāma. The diary for 935 AH. has many minor lacunæ; that of the year 934 AH. has lost much matter, breaking off before where the account of Aūd might be looked for.

The meaning of this couplet is incomplete without the couplet that followed it and is (now) not legible.

Firishta gives a different reason for Bābur's sobriquet of qalandar, namely, that he kept for himself none of the treasure he acquired in Hindūstān (Lith. ed. p. 206).

Jahāngīr who encamped in the Shahr-ārā-garden in Ṣafar 1016 AH. (May 1607 AD.) says it was made by Bābur's aunt, Abū-sa`īd's daughter Shahr-bānū (Rogers and Beveridge's Memoirs of Jahāngīr i, 106).

A jalau-khāna might be where horse-head-gear, bridles and reins are kept, but Āyīn 60 (A.-i-A.) suggests there may be another interpretation.

She was a daughter of Hind-āl, was a grand-daughter therefore of Bābur, was Akbar's first wife, and brought up Shāh-i-jahān. Jahāngīr mentions that she made her first pilgrimage to her father's tomb on the day he made his to Bābur's, Friday Ṣafar 26th 1016 AH. (June 12th 1607 AD.). She died æt. 84 on Jumāda I. 7th 1035 AH. (Jan. 25th 1626 AD.). Cf. Tūzūk-i-jahāngīrī, Muḥ. Hādī's Supplement lith. ed. p. 401.

Mr. H. H. Hayden's photograph of the mosque shows pinnacles and thus enables its corner to be identified in his second of the tomb itself.

One of Daniel's drawings (which I hope to reproduce) illuminates this otherwise somewhat obscure passage, by showing the avenue, the borders of running-water and the little water-falls,—all reminding of Madeira.

chokī, perhaps "shelter"; see Hobson-Jobson s.n.

If told with leisurely context, the story of the visits of Bābur's descendants to Kābul and of their pilgrimages to his tomb, could hardly fail to interest its readers.

THE HISTORY OF BABUR OR BABUR-NAMA

Index I. Personal

+Abā-bikr Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Abū-sa`īd and a Badakhshī begīm—particulars 22, 26; his attack on Ḥiṣār 51; defeated by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and his death (884) 260; his Bāī-qarā marriage 266; a Badakhshī connection 51; [♰884 AH.-1479 AD.].

+Abā-bikr Mīrzā+ Dūghlāt Kāshgharī, son of Sāniz and a Chīrās (var. Jarās) begīm—invades Farghāna (899) 32; his annexations in Badakhshān 695; his Mīrānshāhī wife 48; [♰920 AH.-1514 AD.].

+`Abbās+, a slave—murderer of Aūlūgh (Ūlūgh) Beg Shāh-rukhī (853) 85.

+`Abbās Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg—marries Gul-chihra Mīrān-shāhi, Bābur's daughter (954) 713.

+`Abdu'l-`alī Tarkhān+ Arghūn Chīngīz-Khānid—particulars 38, 39; [♰cir. 899 AH.-1494 AD.].

+`Abdu'l-`azīz+ mīr-akhẉur—ordered to catch pheasants (925) 404; ☛ posted in Lāhor (930) 442; sent into Milwat (932) 460; on service 465-6, 471, 530; the reserve at Pānīpat 472-3; reinforces the right 473; surprised and defeated by Sangā (933) 549, 550; in the left wing at Kānwā 567, 570; pursues Sangā 576; ordered against Balūchīs (935) 638; writes from Lāhor about the journey of Bābur's family 659, 660; arrested 688; ☛ sequel to his sedition not given in the Akbar-nāma 692; ☛ reference to his sedition 698.

+`Abdu'l-`azīz Mīrzā+ Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Aūlūgh Beg—his Chaghatāī wife 19-20.

+`Abdu'l-bāqī+—surrenders Qandahār to Bābur (928) 436, 437.

+`Abdu'l-bāqī Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of `Us̤mān—particulars 280; referred to 266 n. 6; goes to Herī (908) 336; his wife Sulṯānīm Bāī-qarā 265 n. 5, 280.

+`Abdu'l-ghaffār+ tawāchī—conveys military orders (935) 638.

Mīr +`Abdu'l-ghafūr+ Lārī, of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's Court—particulars 284, 285; [♰912 AH.-1506-7 AD.].

Khwāja +`Abdu'l-ḥaqq+, brother of Khwāja Makhdūmī Nūrā—waited upon by Bābur (935) 641, 686; has leave to stay in Āgra 641.

+`Abdu'l-karīm+ Ushrit (var.) Aūīghūr (var.)—serving Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī 40; captured by an Aūzbeg (902) 65.

+`Abdu'l-khalīq Beg+ Isfarāyini—particulars 273-4 (where read Isfarāyinī for "Isfārayinī").

Shaikh +`Abdu'l-lāh+ aīshīk-āghā—with Jahāngīr (899) 32; leaves Bābur for home (902) 191.

Sayyid +`Abdu'l-lāh+ Andikhūdī—his Bāī-qarā wife Bairām-sulṯān and their son Barka q.v.

Khwāja +`Abdu'l-lāh+ Anṣārī—his tomb visited by Bābur (912) 305; a surmised attendant on it 145 n. 1; [♰, 481 AH.-1088 AD.].

Shaikh +`Abdu'l-lāh+ bakāwal—with the Bāī-qarā families (913) 328.

Shaikh +`Abdu'l-lāh+ Barlās—particulars 51; excites the Tarkhān rebellion (901) 61-2; his daughter a cause of attempt on Samarkand 64; with his son-in-law Mas`ūd Mīrān-shāhī (903) 93.

Khwāja +`Abdu'l-lāh Khwājagān Khwāja+—fifth son of `Ubaidu'l-lāh Aḥrārī—his son `Abdu'sh-shahīd, q.v.

Mullā +`Abdu'l-lāh+ kitābdār—one of eleven left with Bābur (913) 337; given the third of a potent confection (925) 373; a drunken lapse 398; induced by Bābur to restrict his drinking 399; at a party where Bābur, abstaining, watches the drinkers 400-1; rebuked for an offending verse 416; joins Bābur in an autumn garden 418; on service (932) 468, 530; in the right centre at Pānīpat (932) 472, 473; and at Kānwa (933) 565, 569; sent to take possession of Āgra 475; is sarcastic 581; in attendance on Aūzbeg envoys (935) 631; sent to take charge of Saṃbhal (935) 675, 687; conveys orders 676; sends news of Bīban and Bāyazīd 679; arrives in Āgra, 687.

Khwāja +`Abdu'l-lāh+ Marwārīd—particulars 278-9; preeminent on the dulcimer 291; [♰922 AH.-1516 AD.].

+`Abdu'l-lāh Mīrzā+ Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—succeeds his father, Ibrāhīm, in Shīrāz (838) 20, and his cousin `Abdu'l-laṯīf in Transoxiana (854) 85-6; Yūnas Khān his retainer q.v.; [♰ Jumāda I. 22, 855 AH.-1450 AD.].

Khwāja +`Abdu'l-lāh Qāẓī+, see Khwāja Maulānā-i-qāẓī.

+`Abdu'l-lāh Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān—particulars 267; serving Bābur in Hindūstān (after 933?) 267.

+`Abdu'l-laṯīf+ bakhshī—serving Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (901) 57; acts for Bābur from Qūndūz (932-3) 546.

+`Abdu'l-laṯīf Mīrzā+ Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—murders and succeeds his father Aūlūgh Beg (853) 15; a couplet on his parricide 85; [♰ Rabī` l .26, 854 AH.-1450 AD.].

+`Abdu'l-laṯīf Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg, Shaibānī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Ḥamza— Bābur's half-sister Yādgār (æt. cir. 8) his share of spoil (908) 18.

Mullā +`Abdu'l-malūk+ Khwāstī (var. malik)—at Bajaur (925) 368; sent ahead into Bhīra 381; and to Kābul 415; returns from an embassy to `Iraq (932) 446 (here qūrchī); sent again (935) 642; on service (933) 576, 582.

+`Abdu'l-minān+, son of Mullā Ḥaidar—holding Bīsh-kīnt (907) 151.

Amīr +`Abdu'l-qadūs Beg+ Dūghlāt—slays Jamāl Khar Arghūn (877) 35; conveys wedding gifts to Bābur and arouses suspicion (900) 43; [for his death see T.R. trs. pp. 94, 103].

+`Abdu'l-qadūs Beg+ Kohbur Chaghatāī—with Bābur at Māḏū (Māẕū) (905) 109 (where for "qāsim" read qadūs); one of the eight fugitives from Akhsī (908) 177.

Mīrak +`Abdu'r-raḥīm+ Ṣadr—his servant Badru'd-dīn q.v.

+`Abdu'r-raḥīm+ shaghāwal—sent to speak the Bhīra people fair for Bābur (925) 381; given charge of Ibrāhīm Lūdī's mother (933) 543; fetches a hostage to Court 578; who escapes 581.

Maulānā +`Abdu'r-raḥīm+ Turkistānī—fleeces Khwānd-amīr 328.

Mulla +`Abdu'r-raḥmān+ Ghaznawī—particulars 218; [♰921 AH.-1515 AD.].

Maulānā +`Abdu'r-raḥmān+ Jāmī—his letters imitated by Nawā'ī 271; his sarcasm on Shaikhīm's Verse 277; his tomb visited by Bābur (912) 285, 305; Bābur's reverential mention of him 283, 286; his example followed by production of the Wālidiyyah-risāla (935) 620; his birth-place 623 n. 8; his disciple `Abdu'l-ghafūr 284; [898 AH.-1492 AD.].

+`Abdu'r-raḥmān Khān+ Barak-zāī Afghān, Amīr of Afghānistān—mentioned in connection with Jāmī's tomb 305 n. 6; [♰1319 AH.-1901 AD.].

+`Abdu'r-razzāq Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Aūlūgh Beg Kābulī—loses Kābul (910) 195, 365; out with Bābur 234; surmised part-vendor of Bābur's mother's burial-ground 246 n. 2; in Herāt (912) 298; escapes Shaibānī and joins Bābur (913) 331; in the left wing at Qandahār 334; his loot 337-8; deserts Qalāt in fear of Shaibānī 340; left in charge of Kābul ib.; given Nīngnahār 344; rebels (914) 345; his position stated 345 n. 6; [♰915 AH.-1509 AD.?].

Khwāja +`Abdu'sh-shahīd+, son of Aḥrārī's fifth son Khwājagān-khwāja (`Abdu'l-lāh)—placed on Bābur's right-hand (935) 631; gifts made to him 632; invited to a ma`jūn-party 653; particulars 653 n. 4; ☛ a likely recipient of the Mubīn 438, 631 n. 3; [♰982 AH.-1574 AD.].

+`Abdu'sh-shukūr+ Mughūl, son of Qaṃbar-i-`alī Silākh—serving Jahāngīr Mīrān-shāhī (after 910) 192; in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 566.

+`Abdu'l-wahhāb+ Mughūl—given Shaikh Pūrān to loot (913) 328.

+`Abdu'l-wahhāb+ shaghāwal, servant of `Umar-shaikh and Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī—forwards news (899) 25; gives Khujand to Bābur 54; his son Mīr Mughūl q.v.

+Abraha+ Yemenī, an Abyssinian Christian—his defeat (571 AD.) 563 n. 3.

Imām +Abū Ḥanīfa+—his followers' respect for the Hidāyat 76; his ruling that peacock-meat is lawful food 493.

Khwāja +Abū'l-barka+ Farāqī—criticizes Banā'ī's verse (906) 137.

Shaikh +Abū'l-fatḥ+, servant of the Shāh-zāda of Mungīr—envoy from Bengal to Bābur (934, 935) 676; placed on Bābur's right-hand (935) 631.

+Abū'l-fatḥ Sa`īd Khān+, see Sa`īd Khān Chaghatāī.

+Abū'l-fatḥ+ Turkmān, son of `Umar—his joining Bābur from `Iraq 280; made military-collector of Dhūlpūr (933) 540; Bābur visits his hammām (935) 615.

+Abū'l-faẓl+, see Akbar-nāma.

+Abū'l-ḥasan+ qūr-begī—in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334; does well (925) 404; his brother Muḥammad Ḥusain q.v.

+Abū'l-ḥasan+ qūrchī—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Abū'l-hāshim+, servant of Sl. `Alī [T̤aghāī Begchīk]—overtakes Bābur with ill news (925) 412.

+Abū'l-ma`ālī+ Tīrmīẕī—☛ his burial-place has significance as to Mahdī Khwāja's family 705; [♰971 AH.-1564 AD.].

Khwāja +Abū'l-makāram+—supports Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī (901) 62, (902) 65; acts for peace (903) 91; meets Bābur, both exiles (904) 99; at Bābur's capture of Samarkand (906) 132, 141; leaves it with him 147 n. 2; speaks for him (908) 157-8; fails to recognize him 161; ☛ at Archīān 184; [♰908 AH.-1502 AD.].

Shaikh +Abū'l-manṣūr+ Mātarīdī—his birthplace Samarkand 75, 76; [♰333 AH.-944 AD.].

+Abū'l-muḥammad+ neza-bāz—in the tūlghuma of the left wing, at Pānīpat (932) 473; on service (933) 582, (934) 589, 598.

+Abū'l-muḥammad+ Khujandī—his sextant 74 n. 4.

+Abū'l-muḥsin Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Laṯīf—particulars 262 (where for "ḥusain" read muḥsin), 269; serving his father (901) 58; defeats his brother Badī`u'z-zamān (902) 69, 70; defeated by his father at Halwā-spring (904) 260; his men take Qarākūl from Aūzbegs (906) 135; co-operates against Shaibānī (912) 296; rides out to meet Bābur 297; they share a divan 298; presses him to winter in Herī 300; returns to his district (Merv) 301; his later action and death 329-30, 331; [♰913 AH.-1507 AD.].

+Abū'l-muslim Kūkūldāsh+—brings an Arghūn gift to Bābur (925) 401, 402.

+Abū'l-qāsim+ Jalāīr—tells Bābur a parrot story. (935) 494.

+Abū'l-qāsim+—a musician (923) 387, 388 (here Qāsim only).

+Abū'l-qāsim+, Kohbur Chaghatāī, son of Ḥaidar-i-qāsim—on service with Bābur (902) 68, (906) 130, 131, 133; in the right wing at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 139; killed 141; [♰906 AH.-1501 AD.].

Shaikh +Abū'l-wajd+ Fārighī, maternal-uncle of Zain Khawāfī—makes verse on the Kābul-river (932) 448; his chronogram on Al-amān's birth (935) 621; [♰940 AH.-1533 AD.].

Shaikh +Abū-sa`īd Khān+ Dar-miyān—particulars 276.

Sulṯān +Abū-sa`īd Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—his descent 14; asserts Tīmūrid supremacy over Chaghatāī Khāqāns (855) 20, 344, 352; takes Māwarā'u'n-nahr (855) 86; forms his Corps of Braves 28, 50; a single combat in his presence (857) 50; defeats Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (868) 259; a swift courier to him 25; joined by the Black-sheep Turkmāns (872) 49; orders the Hindūstān army mobilized 46; defeated and killed by the White-sheep Turkmāns (873) 25, 46, 49; appointments named 24, 37; his banishment of Nawā'ī 271; reserves a Chaghatāī wife for a son 21, 36; his Badakhshī wife and their son 22, 260; his Tarkhān Arghūn wife and their sons, 33, 45; his mistress Khadīja q.v.; his daughters Pāyanda-sulṯān, Shahr-bānū, Rābi`a-sulṯān, Khadīja-sulṯān, Fakhr-i-jahān, Apāq-sulṯān, Āq Begīm q.v.; retainers named as his `Alī-dost Sāghārīchī, Muḥammad Barandūq, Aūrūs, and Ẕū'n-nūn Arghūn q.v.; his marriage connection Nūyān Tīrmīẕī q.v.; [♰873 AH.-1469 AD.].

+Abū-sa`īd Pūrān+, see Jamālu'd-dīn.

+Abū-sa`īd Sulṯān+ Auzbeg-Shaibān, Chīngīz-khānid, son of Kūchūm—☛ at Ghaj-davān (918) 360; at Jām (935) 622, 636; sends an envoy to Bābur 631, 632, 641; [♰940 AH.-1533-4 AD.].

Shaikh +Abū-sa`īd Tarkhān+ (var. Bū-sa`īd)—his house Mīrzā Khān's loot in Qandahār (913) 338.

+Abū-turāb Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Mīnglī—particulars 262, 269; his son Sohrab q.v.; [♰ before 911 AH.-1505-6 AD.].

+Adīk Sulṯān+ Qazzāq, Jūjī Chīngīz-khānid (var. Aūng Sulṯān), son of Jānī Beg Khān (T.R. trs. 373)—husband of Sulṯān-nigār Chaghatāī q.v.

+`Ādil Sulṯān+ Auzbeg-Shaibān(?), Chingīz-khānid(?), son of Mahdī and a Bāī-qarā begīm—marries Shād Bāī-qarā 263; suggestions as to his descent 264 n. 1; waits on Bābur at Kalānūr (932) 458; on Bābur's service 468, 471, 475, 530; in the left wing at Pānīpat 472; and at Kānwa (933) 567, 570; ordered against Balūchīs (935) 638; ☛ mentioned as a landless man 706.

Sayyida +Afāq+, a legendary wife of Bābūr 358 n. 2; her son and grandson ib.

+Afghānī Āghāchā+, see Mubārika.

Sayyid +Afẓal Beg+, son of `Alī Khwāb-bīn—conveys Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's summons to Bābur for help against Shaibānī (911) 255; particulars 282; takes news to Herāt of Bābur's start from Kābul (912) 294; sends him news of Ḥusain's death 295; [♰921 AH.-1516 AD.].

+Āghā Begīm+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain and Pāyanda-sulṯān—parentage and marriage (or betrothal, Ḥ.S. iii, 327) 266; [♰ died in childhood].

+Āghā-sulṯān+, ghūnchachi of `Umar Shaikh—her daughter Yādgār-i-sulṯān q.v.

+Āhī+—his feet frost-bitten (912) 311.

+Āhī+, a poet—particulars 289; [♰ 907 AH.-1501-2].

+Ahlī+, a poet—particulars 290; (for 4 writers using Āhlī as their pen-name see 290 n. 6).

Sulṯān +Aḥmad+ Aīlchī-būghā, Mughūl—one of four daring much (912) 315; in the left wing at Qandahār (913) 334.

Pīr +Aḥmad+—leaves Samarkand with the Tarkhāns (905) 121; fights for Bābur at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) (906) 139.

+Aḥmad+ Afshār Turk—a letter to him endorsed by Bābur (935) 617.

Mīrzā +Aḥmad `Alī+ Farsī, Barlās—particulars 273.

+Aḥmad `Alī Tarkhān+ Arghūn, brother of Qulī Beg—favours Bābur and admits him to Qandahār (913) 337.

Mullā +Aḥmad+ Balkhī— conveys treasure to Balkh (932) 446.

Mirzā Sayyidī +Aḥmad+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Mīrān-shāh—particulars 257 n. 5; named in a line of descent 280 n. 1; his son Aḥmad and grandson `Abdu'l-bāqī q.v.

Mīr +Aḥmad Beg+ Itārajī Mughūl, paternal-uncle of Taṃbal—guardian of a son of The Khān (Maḥmūd) 115; reinforces Bābur (903) 92; acts against him (905) 115, 116; acts against `Alī Mīrān-shāhī 112; makes a contemptuous speech about Taṃbal (906) 145.

+Aḥmad Beg+ Ṣafawī—☛ leads a reinforcement to help Bābur (917) 353.

Sulṯān +Aḥmad+ Chār-shaṃba'ī, see Chār-shaṃba.

+Aḥmad+ chāshnīgīr—helps in poisoning Bābur (933) 541; [♰933 AH.-1526 AD.].

+Aḥmad Ḥājī Beg+ Dūldāī, Barlās Turk—particulars 25, 37, 38; his pen-name Wafā'ī and a couplet of his 38; his hospitality to `Alī-sher Nawāī 38, 271; drives Khusrau Shāh from Samarkand (900) 51; supports Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī in the Tarkhān rebellion (901) 62, 63; his death at the hands of slaves and slave-women 63-4; [♰901 AH.-1496 AD.].

+Aḥmadī+ parwānchī—on service (925) 377, (932) 458, 460, (933) 540; sent to surprise Ibrāhīm Lūdī (932) 468 (his name is omitted in my text); in the left centre at Pānīpat 472, 473; his ill-behaviour in the heats 524.

Sulṯan +Aḥmad Khān+—+Alacha Khān+—Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Yūnas and Shāh Begīm—particulars 23, 160; meaning of his sobriquet Alacha Khān 23; younger Khān-dādā, Bābur's name for him 129; considered as a refuge for Bābur (899) 29, (903) 92, (906) 129, (908) 158; visits Tāshkīnt (908) 159; ceremonies of meeting 160-1, 171-2; moves with his elder brother Maḥmūd against Taṃbal 161, 168, 171; his kindness to Bābur 159, 166-7, 169, 171; is given Bābur's lands and why 168; retires from Andijān in fear of Shaibānī 172; defeated by Shaibānī at Archīān (908 or 909) 7, 23, ☛ 182-3; his death (909) reported to Bābur (911) 246 and n. 4; his sons Manṣūr, Sa'īd, Bābā (T.R. trs. 160, Bābājāk), Chīn-tīmūr, Tūkhtā-būghā, and Aīsan-tīmūr q.v.; his grandson Bābā q.v.; ☛ followers of his return from forced migration (908) when Shaibānī is killed (916) 351; [♰end of 909 AH.-1504 AD.].

+Aḥmad Khān+ Ḥājī-tarkhānī (Astrakhānī)—marries Badī`u'l-jamāl (Badka) Bāī-qarā (899?) 257, 258; their sons (Maḥmūd and Bahādur) 258; their daughter Khān-zāda q.v.

Sulṯān +Aḥmad Mīrzā+ Dūghlāt—sent by The Khān (Māḥmūd) to help Bābur (908) 161.

Sulṯān +Aḥmad Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Abū-sa`īd—the lands his father gave him 35, 86; his brother Maḥmūd taken to his care (873 or 4) 46; his disaster on the Chīr (895) 17, 25, 31, 34; a swift courier to him 25; defeats `Umar Shaikh 17, 34; 12 n. 2; 53; invades Farghāna (899) 13, 30; given Aūrā-tīpā 27; dreaded for Bābur 29; retires and dies 31, 33; particulars 33, 40; referred to by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (910) 190; his wives and children 35-6; an honoured Beg Nūyān Tīrmīẕī q.v.; [♰899 AH.-1494 AD.].

Sulṯān +Aḥmād Mīrzā+, Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Mīrzā Sayyidī Aḥmad—particulars 257 n. 5; his wife Ākā Begīm Bāī-qarā and their son Kīchīk Mīrzā q.v.; 266 n. 6; a building of his at Herī 305.

+Aḥmād+ mushtāq, Turkmān—takes Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī to Ḥiṣār (873 or 4) 46-7.

Sulṯān +Aḥmad+ qarāwal, father of Qūch (Qūj) Beg, Tardī Beg and Sher-afgān Beg q.v.—defends Ḥiṣār (901) 58; enters Bābur's service (905) 112; in the left Wing at Khūbān (905) 113; holds Marghīnān 123.

+Aḥmad-i-qāsim+ Kohbur Chaghatāī, son of Ḥaidar-i-qāsim—with Bābur (906) 133; invited to a disastrous entertainment (907) 152; joins Jahāngīr and Taṃbal 156; in Akhsī (908) 171; defeats an Aūzbeg raider (910) 195; helps to hold Kābul for Bābur (912) 313; pursues Mīrzā Khān 317, 320; holding Tāshkīnt against Aūzbegs (918) 356, 358, 396, 397; a Kābulī servant of his 351.

+Aḥmad-i-qāsim+ Qībchāq Turk, (grand-?) son of Bāqī Chaghānīānī and a sister of Khusrau Shāh, perhaps son of Bāqī's son Muḥammad-i-qāsim (189 n. 3)—holding Kāhmard and Bāmīān (910) 189; given charge of the families of Bābur's expeditionary force 189; ill-treats them and is forced to flee 197, 243; goes to Ḥusain Bāī-qarā ib.; killed at Qūndūz 244; [♰910 AH.-1505 AD.].

Sulṯān +Aḥmad Qāẓī+ Qīlīch—particulars 29; his son Khwāja Maulānā-i-qaẓī q.v.

+Aḥmad+ qūshchī—seen by the fugitive Bābur (908) 180.

Khwāja +Aḥmad+ Sajāwandī—his birthplace 217.

+Aḥmad Shāh+ Khīljī Turk—dispossessed of Chandīrī by Ibrāhīm Lūdī 593; restored by Bābur (934) 598.

+Aḥmad Shāh+ Durrānī, Abdālī Afghān—his victory at Pānīpat (1174) 472; [♰1182 AH.-1772 AD.].

+Aḥmad Tarkhān+ Arghūn Chīngīz-khānid (?)—joins Bābur in Samarkand (906) 133; loses Dabūsī to Shaibānī 137; [♰906 AH.-1500 AD.].

+Aḥmad (son of) Tawakkal+ Barlās, amir of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 272.

+Aḥmad+ yāsāwal—conveys a message from Bābur to the begs of Kābul Fort (912) 314.

Khwāja +Aḥmad+ Yasawī—+Sayyid Ātā+—Shaibānī's vow at his shrine 348, 356; [♰514 AH.-1120-1 AD.].

+Aḥmad-i-yūsuf Beg+ Aūghlāqchī, son of Ḥasan, nephew of Yūsuf—managing Yār-yīlāq for `Alī Mīrān-shāhī (904) 98; dismissed on suspicion of favouring Bābur 98; probably joins Bābur with his uncle (910) 196; remonstrated with him for fighting unmailed (911) 252; helping loyalists in Kābul (912) 313; saves Bābur a blow 315, 316; at Bājaur (925) 369, 401 (here Aḥmad Beg); joins Bābur in Hindūstān (933) 550; in the right wing at Kānwa 566 (where in n. 1 for "may" read is), 569; governor of Sīālkot 98.

Malik +Aḥmad+ Yūsuf-zāī Afghān, nephew of Sulaimān q.v.—particulars App. K.

+Aī Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Maḥmūd and Khān-zāda II.—betrothed to Jahāngīr. (cir. 895) 48; married (910) 189; their daughter 48.

+Aīkū-sālam+ Mughūl—rebels against Bābur (914) 345.

+Aīkū-tīmūr Beg Tarkhān+ Arghūn—his descendant Darwesh Beg q.v.; [♰793 AH.-1391 AD.].

Sulṯān? +Aīlīk+ Māẓī Aūīghūr (Ūīghūr)—his descendant Khwāja Maulānā-i-qāẓī q.v.

+Aīrzīn Beg+ (var. Aīrāzān) Bārīn Mughūl—supports Yūnas Chaghatāī (cir. 830), takes him to Aūlūgh Beg Shāh-rukhī (cir. 832) 19; ill-received and his followers scattered 20; [♰832 AH.-1428 AD.].

+Aīsān-būghā Khān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānīd, son of Dāwā—named in Yūnas Khān's genealogy 19; [♰cir. 718 AH.-1318 AD.].

+Aīsān-būghā Khān II.+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Wais—particulars 19; invades Farghāna and defeated at Aspara (cir. 855) 20; quarrels with the begs of the Sāghārīchī tūmān and leads to the elevation of Yūnas ib.; [♰866 AH.-1462 AD.].

+Aīsān-daulat Begīm+ Kūnjī (or Kūnchī) Mughūl, wife of Yūnas Chaghatāī—particulars 20, 21; her good judgment (900) 43; entreats Bābur's help for Andijān (903) 88-9; joins him in Khujand after the loss of Andijān 92; and in Dikh-kat after that of Samarkand (907) 151; news of her death reaches Kābul (911) 246; rears one of `Umar Shaikh's daughters 18; her kinsmen `Alī-dost, Sherīm, Ghiyās̤ q.v.; [♰910 AH.-1505 AD.].

+Aīsān-qulī Sulṯān Aūzbeg-Shaibān, Chīngīz-khānid—his Bāī-qarā marriage, 265, 397.

+Aīsān-tīmūr Sulṯān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Aḥmad (Alacha Khān)—on Bābur's service 318, 682; meets Bābur (935) 654; in the battle of the Ghogrā 672, 673; thanked 677; angers Bābur 684.

+Ākā Begīm+, Barlās Turk, daughter of Tīmūr—an ancestress of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 256.

+Ākā Begīm+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, daughter of Manṣūr and Fīrūza—particulars 257; her husband Aḥmad and their son Kīchīk Mīrzā q.v.

Abū'l-fatḥ Jalālu'd-dīn Muḥammad +Akbar+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, grandson of Bābur and Māhīm—☛ 184; ☛ an addition about him made to the Chihil-zīna inscription 432; ☛ his visit to Pānīpat (963) 472; his change in the name of the cherry explained by Bābur's words 501, n. 6; [♰1014 AH.-1605 AD.].

+Alacha Khān+, see Aḥmad Chaghatāī.

+Al-amān+, son of Humāyūn—his birth and name (935) 621, 624, 642; [♰ in infancy].

+`Ālam Khān+ Kālpī, son of Jalāl Khān Jik-hat (or Jig-hat)—holding Kālpī and not submissive to Bābur (932) 523; goes to Court (933) 544; disobeys orders 557; is Bābur's host in Kālpī (934) 590; on service (935) 682; an order about him 684.

`Alāu'u'd-dīn +`Ālam Khān+ Lūdī Afghān, son of Buhlūl—☛ a principal actor between 926-32 AH. 428; ☛ asks and obtains Bābur's help against his nephew Ibrāhīm (929) 439-441; placed by Bābur in charge of Dībālpūr (930) 442; ☛ defeated by Daulat Khān Yūsuf-khail (931) 444; flees to Kābul and is again set forth 444, 455; defeated by Ibrāhīm and returns to Bābur (932) 454-8; his relations with Bābur reviewed 455, n. 1; in Fort Ginguta 457, 463; in the left centre at Kānwa (933) 565; his sons Jalāl, Kamāl, and Sher Khān (Lūdī) q.v.

Sulṯān `Alāu'u'd-dīn +`Ālam Khān+ Sayyidī—holding Dihlī 481; [♰855 AH.-1451 AD.].

+`Ālam Khān+ Tahangarī, brother of Niẕām Khān of Bīāna—works badly with Bābur's force (933) 538; defeated by his brother 539; sent out of the way before Kānwa 547.

+`Alāu'u'd-dīn Ḥusain Shāh+, ruler in Bengal—the circumstances of his succession 483; his son Naṣrat q.v.; [♰925 AH.-1518 AD.?].

+`Alāu'u'd-dīn Ḥusain+ Jahān-soz Ghūrī—his destruction in Ghazni (550) 219; [♰556 AH.-1161 AD.?].

Sulṯān +`Alāu'u'd-dīn Muḥammad Shāh+ Khīljī Turk—Bābur visits his tomb and minār (932) 476; his bringing of the Koh-i-nūr from the Dakkhin 477; [♰715 AH.-1315 AD.].

Sulṯān +`Alāu'u'd-dīn+ Sawādī—waits on Bābur (925) 372, 375-6.

+`Alāūl Khān+ Sūr Afghān—writes dutifully to Bābur (935) 659.

+`Alāūl Khān+ Nūḥānī Afghān—his waitings on Bābur (934, 935) 677, 680.

Sharafu'd-dīn Muḥammad +al Buṣīrī+—his Qaṣīdatu'l-būrda an example for the Wālidiyyah-risāla 620; [♰cir. 693 AH.-1294 AD.].

+Alexander of Macedon+, see Iskandar Fīlqūs (Failaqūs).

Sayyid +`Alī+—escapes from a defeat (909) 102; out with Bābur (925) 403; sent against Balūchīs (935) 638.

Sulṯān +`Alī+ aṣghar Mīrzā Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Mas`ūd Kābulī—particulars 382.

+`Alī Ātāka+, servant of Khalīfa—reinforces the right wing (tūlghuma) at Kānwa (933) 569.

Shaikh +`Alī Bahādur+, one of Tīmūr's chiefs—his descendant Bābā `Alī 27.

Khwāja +`Alī Bāī+—mentioned (906) 127; fights for Bābur at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 139; his son Jān-i-`alī q.v.

Shaikh +`Alī+ Bārīn Mughūl, son of Shaikh Jamāl—in the left wing (tūlghuma) at Pānīpat (932) 473; sent against Balūchīs (935) 638.

+`Alī+ Barlās Turk—his son Muḥammad Barandūq q.v.

+`Alī Beg+ Jalāīr Chaghatāī, father of Ḥasan-i-`Alī and Apāq Bega—his Shāh-rukhī service 278.

Mīr (Shaikh) +`Alī Beg+ Turk (inferred 389), governor of Kābul for Shāh-rukh Tīmūrīd—his sons Bābā Kābulī, Daryā Khān, and Ghāzī (Apāq) Khān (q.v.) cherished by Mas`ūd Shāh-rukhī 382; (see his son Ghāzī's grandson Minūchihr for a Turk relation 386).

Sulṯān +`Alī+ chuhra, Chaghatāī—his loyalty to Bābur doubted (910) 239; rebels (914) 345.

Sayyid +`Alī-darwesh Beg+ Khurāsānī—particulars 28; with Jahāngīr (æt. 8), in Akhsī (899) 32, leaves Bābur for home (903) 91; on Bābur's service (904) 106, (905) 28, 118.

Mīr +`Alī-dost T̤aghāī+ Kūnjī Mughūl, a Sāghārīchī-tūmān beg—particulars 27-8; his appointment on Bābur's accession (899) 32; has part in a conference (900) 43; surrenders Andijān (903) 88-9; asks Bābur's pardon (904) 99; gives him Marghīnān 100; defeated by Taṃbal 106; in the right wing at Khūbān (905) 113; his ill-timed pacifism 118; his self-aggrandizement 119, 123; joins Bābur against Samarkand 123; in fear of his victims, goes to Taṃbal 125; his death ib.; his brother Ghiyās̤, his son Muḥammad-dost, and his servant Yūl-chūq q.v.; [♰a few years after 905 AH.-1500 AD.].

Mīr Sayyid +`Alī+ Hamadānī—his death and burial 211; [♰786 AH.-1384 AD.].

Mullā +`Alī-jān+ (var. Khān)—fetches his wife from Samarkand (925) 403; is taught a rain-spell (926) 423; makes verse on the Kābul-river (932) 448; a satirical couplet on him made and repented by Bābur 448; host of Mullā Maḥmūd Farābī (935) 653.

+`Alī Khān+ Bāyandar, Āq-qūīlūq Turkmān—joins Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (873) 279.

Shaikh-zāda +`Alī Khān+ Farmūlī Afghān—his family-train captured (932) 526; waits on Bābur 526-7; in the left wing at Kānwa (933) 567; on service 576, 582, 678.

+`Alī Khān+ Istiljū—leads Ismā`īl Ṣafawī's reinforcement to Bābur (917) 353.

Sayyid +`Alī Khān+ Turk, son of Ghāzī (Apāq) Khān and grandson of Mīr (Shaikh) `Alī Beg—one of Sikandar Lūdī's Governors in the Panjāb (910) 382; leaves Bhīra on Bābur's approach ib.; his lands made over by him to Daulat Khān Yūsuf-khail 382-3; his son Minūchihr and their Turk relation (389) q.v.

+`Alī Khān+ Turkmān, son of `Umar Beg—defends the Bāī-qarā families against Shaibānī (913) 328.

+`Alī Khān+ Yūsuf-khail Lūdī Afghān—eldest son of Daulat Khān—his servants wait on Bābur (925) 382; comes out of Milwat (Malot) to Bābur (932) 459-60; sent under guard to Bhīra 461; his son Ismā`īl q.v.

Sayyid +`Alī+ Khwāb-bīn, father of Sayyid Afẓal q.v. (cf. Ḥ.S. lith. ed. iii, 346).

Mullā Sulṯān +`Alī+ khẉush-nawīs, calligrapher of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 291; given lessons in penmanship by Shaibānī (913) 329; [♰919 AH.-1513 AD.].

+`Alī-mazīd Beg+ qūchīn—particulars 26; leaves Bābur for home (903) 91.

Mīr +`Alī+ mīr-akhẉur—particulars 279; helps Ḥusain Bāī-qarā to surprise Yādgār-i-muḥammad Shāh-rukhī in Herī (875) 134, 279.

Sulṯān +`Alī Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Maḥmūd and Zuḥra—particulars 47; serving his half-brother Bāī-sunghar (900) 27, 55; made pādshāh in Samarkand by the Tarkhāns (901) 62-3, 86; meets Bābur 64; their arrangement 66,(902) 65, 82, 86; gives no protection to his blind half-brother Mas`ūd (903) 95; suspects a favoured beg (904) 98; quarrels with the Tarkhāns (905) 121; desertions from him 122; defeats Mīrzā Khān's Mughūls ib.; is warned of Bābur's approach 125; gives Samarkand to Shaibānī and by him is murdered (906) 125-7; his wife Sulṯānīm Mīrān-shāhī and sister Makhdūm-sulṯān q.v.; [♰906 AH.-1500 AD.].

Sulṯān +`Alī Mīrzā T̤aghāī+ Begchīk (Mīrzā Beg T̤aghāī), brother(?) of Bābur's wife Gul-rukh—movements of his which bear on the lacuna of 914-924 AH. 408; arrives in Kābul (925) ib.; Kāmrān marries his daughter (934) 619; conveys Bābur's wedding gifts to Kāmrān (935) 642; takes also a copy of the Wālidiyyah-risāla and of the Hindūstān poems, with writings (sar-khat̤t̤) in the Bāburī script 642.

Ustād +`Alī-qulī+—his match-lock shooting at Bajaur (925) 369; shoots prisoners (932) 466; ordered to make Rūmī defences at Pānīpat 469; fires firingīs from the front of the centre 473; casts a large mortar (933) 536, 547; his jealousy of Muṣṯafa Rūmī 550; his post previous to Kānwa 558; his valiant deeds in the battle 570-1; a new mortar bursts (934) 588; his choice of ground at Chandīrī 593; his stone-discharge interests Bābur 595, 670-1-2; uses the Ghāzī mortar while the Ganges bridge is in building 599; a gift to his son (935) 633; his post in the battle of the Ghogrā 667, 668, 669.

+`Alī-qulī+ Hamadānī—☛ sent by Bābur to punish the Mundāhirs, and fails (936) 700.

Mīr +`Alī+ qūrchī—conveys playing-cards to Shāh Ḥasan Arghūn (933) 584.

Malik +`Alī+ quṯnī(?)—in the left centre at Bajaur (925) 369.

+`Alī Sayyid+ Mughūl—in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334; rebels (914) 345; his connection Aūrūs-i `Alī Sayyid 335.

+`Alī+ shab-kūr (night-blind)—one of five champions defeated in single combat by Bābur (914) 349.

Mīr +`Alī-sher Beg+ Chaghatāī, pen-names Nawā'ī and Fanā'ī—his obligations to Aḥmad Ḥājī Beg and return to Herāt 38; fails in a mission of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's (902) 69; his Turkī that of Andijān 4; checks Ḥusain in Shī`a action 258; opposes administrative reform 282; particulars 271-2; his relations with Banā'ī 286-7, 648; corresponds with Bābur (906) 106; exchanges quatrains with Pahlawān Bū-sa`īd 292; some of his poems transcribed by Bābur (925) 419; his restoration of the Rabāṯ-i-sang-bast 301 n. 1; his flower-garden (bāghcha) and buildings visited or occupied by Bābur (912) 301, 305, 306; his brother Darwesh-i-`alī q.v.; a favoured person 278; a mystic of his circle 280-1; his scribe 271; [♰906 AH.-Dec. 1500 AD.].

+`Alī-shukr Beg+, of the Bahārlū-aīmāq of the Āq-qūīlūq Turkmāns—his daughter Pasha, grandson Yār-i-`alī Balāl, and descendant Bairām Khān-i-khānān q.v.

Sulṯān +`Alī Sīstānī+ Arghūn—his help against Shaibānī counselled (913) 326; ☛ one of five champions worsted by Bābur in single combat (914) 349; with Bābur and chops at a tiger (925) 393.

Shaikh +`Alī T̤aghāī+ Mervī(?)—holding Balkh for Badī`u'z-zamān Bāī-qarā (902) 70; joint-dārogha in Herī (911) 293.

+Allāh-bīrdī+ (var. qūlī)—serving Bābur (910) 234.

+Allāh-wairān+ Turkmān—in the van at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Alūr+ or Alwar, son of Bābur and Dil-dār—mentioned 689 n. 5. ☛ 712; [♰died an infant].

+Amīn Mīrzā+—an Aūzbeg envoy to Bābur (935) 631; receives gifts 632, 641.

+Amīn-i-muḥammad Tarkhān+ Arghūn—punished for disobedience (925) 390-1; deals with a drunken companion 415.

+Amīr Khān+, chief guardian of T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī—☛ negociates with Bābur (927) 433.

Mullā +Apāq+—particulars 526; on Bābur's service (932) 526, 528, (933) 539, (934) 590; surprised by Sangā (933) 549; made shíqdār of Chandīrī 598; his retainers on service (935) 679.

+Apāq Bega+ Jalāīr Chaghatāī, sister of Ḥusan-i-`alī—a poet 286.

Sayyida +Apāq Begīm+ Andikhūdī—particulars 267, 268, 269; visited in Herāt by Bābur (912) 301.

+Apāq Khān+, see Ghāzī Khān.

+Apāq Khān+ Yūsuf-khail, see Ghāzī Khān.

+Apāq-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Abū-sa`īd—one of the paternal aunts visited by Bābur (912) 301 n. 3.

+Āq Begīm+ (1), Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlāṣ Turk, daughter of Ḥusain and Pāyanda-sulṯān—particulars 265; [pre-deceased her husband who died ♰911 AH.-1504 AD.].

+Āq Begīm+ (2), Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—daughter of Abū-sa`īd and Khadīja—particulars 262, 268; waited on by Bābur (935) 606.

+Āq Begīm+ (3), ut supra, daughter of Maḥmūd and Khān-zāda II.—brought to join Bābur's march (910) 48.

+Āq Begīm+ (4), see Ṣāliḥa-sulṯān.

+Āq-būghā Beg+, one of Tīmūr's chiefs—collateral ancestor of Khudāī-bīrdī Tīmūr-tāsh 24.

+`Āqil Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān, son of `Ādil and Shād Bāī-qarā—his conjectured descent 264 n. 1 (where in l. 4 for "`āqil" read `ādil).

+Arāīsh Khān+—proffers support to Bābur against Ibrāhīm Lūdī (932) 463; in the left centre at Kānwa (933) 565; negociates about surrendering Chandīrī (934) 594; his gift of a boat to Bābur 663.

+Arghūn Sulṯān+, elder brother of Muḥammad `Alī Jang-jang—deputed to hold Milwat (Malot., 932) 461.

Shaikh +`Ārif+ Āẕarī, nephew of Tīmūr's story-teller, see Index s.n. Aūlūgh Beg Shāh-rukhī; [♰866 AH.-1461-2 AD. æt. 82, Beale].

+Arslān+ Jazāla—his building of the Rabāṯ-i-sang-bast 301 n. 1.

+Asad Beg+ Turkmān—joins Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 279; his brother Taham-tan q.v.

Khwāja and Khwājagī +Asadu'l-lāh+ Jān-dār, Khawāfī—with Bābur in Dikh-kat (907) 150; envoy to T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī (933) 540, 583; has charge of Ibrāhīm Lūdī's mother 543; in the right wing at Kānwa 566, 569.

Khwāja +Āṣafi+—particulars 286; waits on Bābur (912) 286; [♰920 or 926 AH.-1514 or 1520 AD.].

+`Asas+, see Khwāja Muḥammad `Alī `asas.

+`Āshiq+ bakāwal—with advance-troops for Chandīrī (934) 590; ordered on service (935) 638.

+`Āshiq-i-muḥammad Kūkūldāsh+ Arghūn, son of "Amīr Tarkhān Junaid" (Ḥ.S. lith. ed. iii, 359)—defends Ālā-qūrghān against Shaibānī (913) 328; his brother Mazīd Beg q.v.

+`Āshiqu'l-lāh+ Arghūn—killed fighting against Bābur at Qandahār (913) 333 (where for "`Ashaq" read `Āshiq).

+Asīru'd-dīn+ Akhsīkītī, a poet—his birthplace Akhsī-village (kīt-kīnt) 9-10; [♰608 AH.-1211-2 AD.].

Muhammad +`Askarī+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrīd, Barlās Turk, son of Bābur and Gul-rukh—☛ his birth (922) 364; gifts to him (932) 523, (933) 628; ☛ his recall from Multān (934) 603-4-5, 699; waits on his father (935) 605; made Commander (æt. cir. 12) of the army of the East 628, 637; at a feast 631; takes leave 634; waits on his father at Dugdugī 651; east of the Ganges 654; in the battle of the Ghogrā 668-9, 671-3; waits on Bābur after the victory 674; [♰965 AH.-1557-8 AD.].

+Asūk Mal+ Rājpūt—negociates with Bābur for Sangā's son (934-5) 612-3.

Sayyid +`Atā+, see Khwāja Aḥmad Yasawī.

Khwāja Jamālu'd-īn +`Aṯā+—particulars 282 (where in n. 3 for (Ḥ.S. iii), "345" read 348-9).

+Atākā+ bakhshī (var. Ātīkā, Pers. Atka)—a surgeon who dresses a wound of Bābur's (908) 169.

+Atā+ mīr-ākhẉur—gives Bābur a meal (925) 418.

Mīr Burhānu'd-dīn +`Aṯā'u'l-lāh+ Mashhadī—particulars 285 (Ḥ.S. iii, 345); [♰926 AH.-1520 AD.].

+Atūn Māmā+, a governess—walks from Samarkand to Pashāghar (907) 148; mentioned? (925) 407 l. 4.

+Aūghān-bīrdī+ Mughūl (var. Afghān-bīrdī and -tardī)—on service (925) 376, 377; of a boat-party 387; in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 671, 672.

Sayyid Āūghlāqchī, see Murād.

+Auliya Khān+ Ishrāqī—waits on Bābur (935) 677.

+Aūlūgh Beg Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Muḥammad Sulṯān Mīrzā—his (?) journey to Hindustan (933) 265.

+Aūlūgh Beg Mīrzā+ Kābulī, Mīrān-shāhī, ut supra, son of Abū-sa`īd—particulars 95; his earliest guardians amusingly frustrate his designs against them 270; his dealings with the Yūsuf-zāī App. K. xxxvi; his co-operation with Ḥusain Bāī-qarā against the Aūzbegs 190; his praise of Istālīf 216; his death (907) 185; gardens of his bought by Bābur (perhaps one only) 216, (911) 246; another garden 315; houses of his 247, 251; his Almshouse 315; referred to 284; his joint-guardians Muḥammad Barandūq and Jahāngīr Barlās, his later one Wais Ātāka q.v.; his sons `Abdu'r-razzāq and Mīrān-shāh, his daughter Bega Begīm and daughter-in-law Manauwar q.v.; [♰907 AH.-1501-2 AD.].

+Aūlūgh Beg Mīrzā+ Shāh-rukhī, ut supra (Ūlūgh), son of Shāh-rukh—his Trans-oxus rule 85; receives Yūnas Chaghatāī badly (832-3?) 19-20; defeated by Abā-bikr Mīrān-shāhī 260; his family dissensions 20; his constructions, Astronomical and other 74, 77, 78-9; his sportsmanship 34; his murder and its chronograms 85; Bābur resides in his College (906) 142; his sons `Abdu'l-laṯīf and `Abdu'l-`azīz q.v.; a favoured beg Yūsuf Aūghlāqchī q.v.; Preface, q.v. On the misnomer "Mughūl Dynasty". [♰853 AH.-1449 AD.].

+Aūlūs Āghā+ (Ūlūs), daughter of Khwāja Ḥusain q.v.—particulars 24.

+Aūrdū-būghā Tarkhān+ Arghūn (Ūrdū)—his son-in-law Abū-sa`īd Mīrān-shāhī and son Darwesh-i-muḥammad q.v.

+Aūrdū-shāh+—murdered as an envoy (923) 463 n. 3.

+Aurangzīb Pādshāh+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—☛ referred to as of Bābur's line 184; [♰1118 AH.-O.S. 1707 AD.].

Amīr +Aūrūs+—☛ flees from his post on Shaibānī's death (916) 350.

+Aūrūs-i `Alī Sayyid+ Mughūl, son? of `Alī Sayyid—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Aūrūs+ Arghūn—his son Muḥammad-i-aūrūs q.v.

+Aūzbeg Bahādur+ (Ūzbeg)—☛ one of five champions worsted in single combat by Bābur (914) 349 n. 1.

+Aūzūn Ḥasan Beg+ Āq-qūīlūq Turkmān—his defeat of the Qarā-qūīlūq Turkmāns and of Abū-sa`īd Mīrān-shāhī 49; [♰883 AH.-1478 AD.].

Khwāja +Aūzūn Ḥasan+ (Ūzūn)—negociates for Bābur (899) 30; his appointment 32; confers in Bābur's interests (900) 43 (where add his name after `Alī-dost's); acts for Jahāngīr against Bābur (903) 87, 88, 91, (904) 100, 101, 102; his servant's mischievous report of Bābur's illness (903) 89; his men defeated by Bābur's allies 102; loses Akhsī and Andijān 102-3; captured and released by Bābur 104; goes into Samarkand to help Bābur (907) 146; his brother Ḥusain and adopted son Mīrīm q.v.

+`Ayisha-sulṯān Begīm+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain—particulars 267; her husbands Qāsim Aūzbeg-Shaibān and Būrān, her sons Qāsim-i-ḥusain and `Abdu'l-lāh q.v.

+`Ayisha-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī, ut supra, daughter of Aḥmad (Alacha Khān) and first wife of Bābur—particulars 35, 36; married (905) 35, 120, 711; joins Bābur in Samarkand (906) 135-6; her child 136; leaves Bābur 36.

Mīr +Ayūb Beg+ Begchīk—particulars 50; sent by The Khān (Maḥmūd) to help Bābur (903) 92, (906) 138, 161, 170; his Mughūls misbehave at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 140; claims post in the right wing (tūlghuma) 155; his Mughūls confuse pass-words 164; in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334; ☛ vainly tempts Sa`id Chaghatāī to betray Bābur (916) 351; ☛ does not then desert 352, 362; ☛ rebels in Ḥiṣār (918) 362; ☛ dying, repents his disloyalty (920) 362; his sons Buhlūl-i-ayūb, Ya`qūb-i-ayūb and Yūsuf-i-ayūb q.v.; [♰920 AH.-1514 AD.].

+`Aẕim Humāyūn+ Sarwānī—invests Gūāliār 477; his title changed and why (933) 537; his son Fatḥ Khān q.v.

Mīr +`Azū+, a musical composer—particulars 292.

+Bābā `Alī+ aīshīk-āghā (īshīk), a Lord-of-the-Gate of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 278; his son Yūnas-i-`alī and friend Badru'd-dīn q.v.

Bābā-qulī's Sulṯān +Bābā `Alī Beg+—particulars 27; his sons Bābā-qulī, Sayyidīm `Alī and Dost-i-anjū (?) Shaikh q.v.; [♰900 AH.-1495 AD.].

+Bābā-aūghūlī+, see Pāpā-aūghūlī.

+Bābā Chuhra+, a household brave—reprieved from death (914) 344; on Bābur's service (932) 474, 534, (934) 590, 602; does well in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 671.

+Bābā Ḥusain+, see Ḥusain.

+Bābā Jān+ akhtachī, a groom or squire—Bābur dislocates his own thumb in striking him (925) 409.

+Bābā Jān+ qābūzī—musician at entertainments (925) 386-7, 388.

+Bābā Kābulī+ Turk, son of Mīr `Alī, Shāh-rukh (Tīmūrid)'s Governor of Kābul—nominated `Umar Shaikh's guardian when Kābul was allotted to the boy 14; particulars 382; his brothers Daryā Khān and Ghāzī (Apāq) Khān q.v.

+Bābā Khān Sulṯān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānīd, (Bābājāk), son of Aḥmad (Alacha Khān)—his ceremonious meeting with Bābur (908) 159; [living in 948 AH.-1542—T.R.].

+Bābā Khān+ Chaghatāī, son of The Khān (Maḥmūd)—murdered with his father and brothers by Shaibānī (914) 35.

+Bābā Qashqa+ Mughūl (perhaps identical with Qashqa Maḥmūd Chīrās q.v.)—out with Bābur (925) 404, 405; in charge of Dībālpūr (930) 442; his brothers Malik Qāsim and Kūkī; his sons Shāh Muḥammad, Dost-i-muḥammad and Ḥājī Muḥammad Khān Kūkī q.v.; [♰cir. 940 AH.-1553 AD.].

Sulṯān +Bābā-qulī Beg+, son of Sulṯān Bābā `Alī Beg—serving under Khusrau Shāh (901) 60, 61; with Bābur and captured (903) 72; staunch to him 91; in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; conveys royal letters (932) 529.

+Bābā Sairāmī+—pursues Bābur in his flight from Akhsī (908) 178; promised fidelity but seems to have been false 179-182.

+Bābā Shaikh+ Chaghatāī, brother of Mullā Bābā Pashāgharī—in the left centre at Qandahār (913) 335; ☛ rebels at Ghaznī (921) 363; forgiven (925) 397; deserts Humāyūn (932) 546; his capture and death 545; a reward given for his head id.; [♰932 or 933 AH.-1526 AD.].

+Bābā Shaikh+—sent out for news (935) 661.

+Bābā Sher-zād+—one of three with Bābur against Taṃbal (908) 163; does well at Akhsī 174; fights against rebels at Kābul (912) 315; at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Bābā Sulṯān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Khalīl son of Aḥmad (Alacha Khān)—waits on Bābur near Kālpī (934) 590; particulars 590; on service 318, (934) 599; not at his post (935) 672.

+Bābā Yāsāwal+—at the siege of Bajaur (925) 370; chops at a tiger's head 393.

+Bābū Khān+—holding Kalanjar and looking towards Hātī Kākar (925) 387.

Ẓahīru'd-dīn Muḥammad Bābur Pādshāh Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—b. Muḥarram 6th 888 AH.-Feb. 14th 1483 AD. p. 1; ♰Jumāda I, 6th 937 AH.-Dec. 26th 1530 A.D. 708; +Parentage+:—paternal 13; maternal 19, 21; +Titles+:—Mīrzā (inherited) Pādshāh (taken) 344; Ghāzī (won) 574; Firdaus-makānī (Dweller-in-paradise, posthumous) see Gladwin's Revenue Accounts; +Religion+:—belief in God's guidance 31, 72-3, 103-13-37-94-99; in His intervention 73, 247, 316, 446-51-74-79, 525-96, 620; that His will was done 55, 100-16-32-34-35-67, 269, 316-22-23-36-37-70, 454-70-71-80, 542-94, 627-28-70; that He has pleasure in good 331; that to die is to go to His mercy 67; reliance on Him 100-08-16-32, 311, 463, 678; God called to witness 254 and invoked to bless 624; His punishment of sin 42-5, 449-77 (Hell), and of breach of Law 449; His visitation of a father's sins on children 45; His predestination of events 128, 243-46-53, 469, 594; —prayer to Him for a sign of victory 440, for the dead 246, against a bad wife 258; a life-saving prayer 316; +Characteristics+:—ambition 92-7; admiration of high character 27, 67, 89, 90; bitterness and depression (in youth) 91, 130-52-57-78; consideration for dependants 91-9, 158-78-96, 469; distrust of the world 95, 144-56; silent humiliation 119; fairness 15, 24, 91, 105, 469; fearlessness 163-5-73; fidelity:—to word 104, 129 (see 118-9), 172-3, 194, to salt 125, to family-relation,—filial 88-9, 135-49-57-58-88, —fraternal see Jahāngīr and Nāṣir,—Tīmūrid 41, 149-57-68, Chaghatāī 54, 169-72, Mughūl 27, 119-25, Aūzbeg 37; friendship see Nūyān and Khw. Kalān; good judgment 43, 87, 91, 134-37-55; gratitude 99, 633; insouciance 150; joy at release from stress 99, 134-35-48-81; bashfulness and passion 120; persistence 92-7 and passim; promptitude 117, 170; reprobation of vice, tyranny and cruelty 42-5-6, 50, 66, 70, 90-6, 102-10-25-97, 290 and of an unmotherly woman 125-28; self-reproach 147; self-comment on inexperienced action 165-67-73; dislike of talkativeness 28, 97, 143-92-93; vexation at loss of rule (æt. 14) 90-1-9, 129-30-57; truth for truth sake 135, 318; seeking and weighing counsel 73, 100-14-31-41-65-70-73-97-98, 229-30-31-48, 340-76-78, 410-12-69, 524-30-77, 628-39-67-69-82; enjoins Humāyūn to take counsel 627; +Occupations+ (non-military):—archery i.a. 175; calligraphy see infra; literary composition see infra; metrical amusements see verse; Natural History passim; travel, excursions, sight-seeing, social intercourse passim; building 5, 217-9, 375-98, in Dūlpūr 585, 606-07-42, in Āgra 642, in Kābul 646-7, in Sīkrī 588, Ajodhyā mosque 656 n. 3, App. U, Pānīpat mosque 472 n. 1; gardening and garden-making passim; —Bābur's script (Bāburī-khat̤t̤) devised 910 AH. 228, Qorān transcribed by him in it 228 n. 4; studied by an enquirer 285; alphabet and specimens sent to Bābur's sons 642; Abūshqa account of, App. Q, lxii to lxv; +Observance and breaches of Muḥ. Law+:—signs of his Sunnī mind e.g. 25, 44, 111, 262, 370-7, 483, 547-51-74-89-96, in the Mubīn and Wālidiyyah-risāla q.v.; his orthodox reputation 711; his heterodox seeming 354, and arrow-sped disclaimer 361; —his boyish obedience as to wine 302, up to his 23rd year 299, 302-3-4; for breach see Law and Wine; +Writings+:—a. Verses in the B.N. down to 926 AH. see infra; b. First Dīwān 402;* perhaps containing the Abūshqa quotations 438; c. Diary of 925 and 926 q.v. AH. (probably a survival of more) *438; d. The Mubīn (928 AH.) 426-37-38-49; quoted 630-31 n. 3; e. Treatise on Prosody (931 AH.) 586, App. Q, lx, lxvi; f. The Wālidiyyah-risāla (935 AH.) 619-20-31 n. 3, (tarjuma) 642-3, App. Q, lix; g. The Hindūstān Poems 642, App. Q; h. Rāmpūr MS. of 6 and 7. App. Q, referred to *438, 620 n. 6, 642 n. 3; i. Diary of 932 to 936 q.v.; j. Narrative of 899 to within 914 AH. q.v.; +Bābur's verse quoted in the Bābur-nāma+:—(Turkī,) love-sickness 120-1; the worldling 130; granting a request 137; respite from stress 148; praise of a beloved 153; the neglected exile 154; isolation 156; the New Years 236; Fortune's cruelty 309; ? Turkmān Hazāra raid 312; Spring 321; God only is strength 337; dealing with tribesmen 393; greeting to absent convives 401; message to a kinswoman 402; his broken vow 449, 450 n.; reply to Khw. Kalān 526; disobedience to Law (T. & P.) 556; Death inevitable (T. & P.) 556 (?); the Ghāzī's task 575; to those who have left him 584; couplet used in metrical amusement 586, App. 2, sect. 2; fever 588; Chandīrī 596; on his first grandson's birth 624; Mūbīn quoted 637; Pagan lands 637; pain in renunciation 648; an invitation 683; [Persian,] good in everything 311; insight of Age 340; on casting off his Shī`a seeming 361; parting from Khw. Kalān 372; a message 411; satirical couplet 448; before Pānīpat 470; Bīāna warned 529. See Table of Contents, On Bābur's Naming.

+Bābur Mīrzā+ Arlāt, son of Muḥammad-i-qāsim and Rābi`a-sulṯān Mīrān-shāhī—his Bāī-qarā marriage 266.

`Abdu'l-qāsim +Bābur Mīrzā+ Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Bāī-sunghar—his sister 265; his retainers Muḥammad Barandūq and Mazīd q.v.; his pleasure-house 302; [♰861 AH.-1457 AD.].

Bāburī—a bāzār-boy (905) 120.

+Badī`u'l-jamāl Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Abū-sa`īd—waited on by Bābur near Āgra (935) 616.

Badī`u'l-jamāl +Badka Begīm+ Bāī-qarā, ut supra, daughter of Manṣūr and Fīrūza—particulars 257, 258; her husband Aḥmad Ḥājī-tarkhānī, their sons Maḥmūd and Bahādur and daughter Khān-zāda q.v.

+Badī`u'z-zamān Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā, ut supra, son of Ḥusain and Bega Mervī—serving his father against Khusrau Shāh (901) 57; defeated 61; takes offence with his father 61, 69; in arms and defeated by his father 69, 70; his retort on Nawā'ī (q.v.); goes destitute to Khusrau Shāh and is well-treated 70, 130; on Khusrau Shāh's service 71; moves with Arghūn chiefs against his father (903) 95, 261; gives Bābur no help against Shaibānī (906) 138; his co-operation sought by his father (910) 190, 191; takes refuge with his father 243; has fear for himself (911) 292-3; joint-ruler in Herī 293; concerts and abandons action against Shaibānī (912) 296-7, 301; his social relations with Bābur 297, 8, 9, 300, 2, 4; courteous to Bābur as a non-drinker 303; a false report of him in Kābul (912) 313; irresolute against Shaibānī (913) 326; his army defeated 275, 327; abandons his family and flees (1) to Shāh Beg Arghūn, (2) to Ismā`īl Ṣafawī 327; captured in Tabrīz by Sulṯān Sālim Rūmī (920) and dies in Constantinople (923) 327 n. 5; a couplet on his name 201-2; musicians compete in his presence 291; his host-facility 304; his son Muḥammad-i-zamān, his begs Jahāngīr Barlās and Ẕū'n-nūn Arghūn q.v..; joined by Sayyidīm Dārbān q.v; his College in Herī 306; [♰923 AH.-1517 AD.].

Sayyid +Badr+—particulars 276; safe-guards Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī 46-7; seen by Bābur in Herāt (912) 299; (see Ḥ.S. lith. ed. iii, 233).

+Badru'd-dīn+—particulars 278; his friend Bābā `Alī q.v.; his son (?) receives Kachwa (934) 590.

Maulānā +Badru'd-dīn+ Hilālī, Chaghatāī—particulars 290; his poet-daughter 286 n. 1; [♰939 AH.-1532-3 AD.].

+Bahādur Khān+ Sarwānī—Bābur halts at his tomb (935) 686.

+Bahādur Khān+ Gujrātī, Tānk Rājpūt—ill-received by Ibrāhīm Lūdī (932); exchanges friendly letters with Bābur 534; becomes Shāh in Gujrāt 535; is given the Khīljī jewels 613 n. 1; [♰943 AH.-1547 AD.].

+Bahjat Khān+ (or Bihjat), a Governor of Chandīrī—Bābur halts near his tank (934) 592, 594.

+Bāī-qarā Mīrzā+ `Umar-shaikhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, grandson of Tīmūr—mentioned in a genealogy 256; a grandson `Abdu'l-lāh Andikhūdī q.v.

+Bāī-qarā Mīrzā+ `Umar-shaikhī, ut supra, son of Manṣūr and Fīrūza—particulars 257; his brother Ḥusain, and sons Wais and Iskandar q.v.

+Bairām Beg+—☛ reinforces Bābur from Balkh (918) 359; serving Najm S̤ānī 360.

+Bairām Khān+ Bahārlū-Qarā-qūīlūq Turkmān (Akbar's Khān-i-khānān), son of Saif-`alī—his ancestry 91 n. 3, 109 n. 5 (where for "father" read "grandfather"); ☛ mention of a witness of his assassination 348; quotation of his remarks on Ḥasan Khān Mewātī 523 n. 3; [♰968 AH.-1561 AD.].

+Bairām-sulṯān Begīm+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain and Mīnglī—particulars 266; her husband `Abdu'l-lāh Andikhūdī, their son Barka q.v.

+Bāī-sunghar Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī, ut supra, son of Maḥmūd and Pasha—particulars 47, 110-112; succeeds in Samarkand (900) 52, 86; withstands The Khān (Maḥmūd) 52; the khuṯba read for him in Bābur's lands 52; his man surrenders Aūrā-tīpā 55-6; his favouritism incites the Tarkhān rebellion (901) 38, 61; escapes from Tarkhān imprisonment 62, 86; defeated by his half-brother `Alī 38, 63; prosperous (902) 65; moves against `Alī 65; retires before Bābur 66; at grips with him 67; asks Shaibānī's help (903) 73; goes to Khusrau Shāh 74; made ruler in Ḥiṣār 93, 5, 6, 261; murdered (905) 110; his death referred to 50, 112; his pen-name `Ādilī 111; his sister's marriage 41; his brother Mas`ūd, his guardian Ayūb q.v.; [♰905 AH.-1499 AD.].

+Bāī-sunghar Mīrzā+ Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, son of Shāh-rukh—his servant Yūsuf Andijānī 4; [♰837 AH.-1433-4 AD.].

+Balkhī+ falīz-kārī—grows melons in Āgra (935) 686.

+Bāltū+—rescues Khalīfa's son Muḥibb-i-`alī (933) 550.

Mullā +Banā'ī+—Maulānā Jamālu'd-dīn Bana'ī—in Khwāja Yaḥyā's service and seen by Bābur (901) 64, in Shaibānī's (906) 136, in Bābur's 64, 136; particulars 286-7; given the Herī's authors to loot (913) 328; Bābur recalls a joke of his (935) 648; two of his quatrains quoted 137; his musical composition 286, 292; [murdered 918 AH. -1512 AD.].

+Banda-i-`alī+, dāroghā of Karnān—pursues Bābur from Akhsī (908) 178-9, 180, 181.

+Banda-i-`alī+ Yāragī Mughūl, son of Ḥaidar Kūkūldāsh—sent to reinforce Bābur (904) 101; in the van at Sar-i-pul (906) 139; his mistimed zeal (908) 176; his son-in-law Qāsim Beg qūchīn q.v.

+Bāqī Beg+ Chaghānīānī, Qībchāq Turk—his influence on Mas`ūd Mīrān-shāhī (901) 57, (903) 95; defends Ḥiṣār for him (901) 58; acts against him (902) 71; joins Bābur (910) 48, 188-9; advises sensibly 190, 197; leaves his family with Bābur's 191; dislikes Qaṃbar-i-`alī Silākh 192; helps his brother Khusrau to make favourable terms with Bābur 192-3; quotes a couplet on seeing Suhail 195; his Mughūls oppose Khusrau 197; mediates for Muqīm Arghūn (910) 199; Bābur acts on his advice 230-1, 239, (911) 246, 249; particulars 249-50; dismissed towards Hindūstān 250; killed on his road 231, 251; his son Muḥammad-i-qāsim and grandson(?) Aḥmad-i-qāsim q.v.; [♰911 AH.-1505-6 AD.].

+Bāqī+ Gāgīānī Afghān—his caravan through the Khaibar (911) 250.

+Bāqī+ (khīz)ḥīz—opposes Bābur (908) 174, 396.

Khwāja +Bāqī+, son of Yaḥyā son of Aḥrārī—murdered 128; [♰906 AH.-1500 AD.].

+Bāqī Beg+ Tāshkindī, shaghāwal and (later) mīng-bāshī (= hazārī)—sent to Balkh with promise of head-money (932) 463, 546; on service (934) 590, 601, 2; reports from Aūd (Oudh) (935) 679; on service with the Aūd (Oudh) army 684, 5; leave given him for home 685.

+Bāqī Tarkhān+, Arghūn Chīngīz-khānid, son of `Abdu'l-`alī and a daughter of Aūrdū-būghā—particulars 38, 40; consumes the Bukhārā revenues (905) 121; defeated by Shaibānī 124; occupies Qarshī (qy. Kesh) (906) 135; plans to join Bābur 138; goes to Shaibānī and dies in misery 40.

+Bārāq Khān+, Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—mentioned in the genealogy of Yūnas 19.

+Bārāq Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid, son of Sīūnjuk—at Jām (934) 622.

Sayyid +Barka+ Andikhūdī, Tīmūr's exhumation of his body 266 n. 4.

Sayyid +Barka+ Andikhūdī, descendant of the last-entered, son of `Abdu'l-lāh—particulars 266; serving Bābur (917) 266.

+Bār-mal+ Īdrī—his force at Kānwa (933) 562.

+Bā-sa`īd+ Tarkhānī, see Abū-sa`īd Tarkhānī.

+Basant Rāo+—killed by (Bābā Qashqa's brother?) Kūkī in the battle of the Ghogrā 673; [♰935 AH.-1529 AD.].

+Baṯalmīūs+ (Ptolemy)—mentioned as constructor of an observatory 79.

Sulṯān +Bāyazīd+—urges attack on the Afrīdī (925) 411, 412.

Shaikh +Bāyazīd+, Farmūlī Afghān—acts for his dead brother Muṣṯafa (932) 527; waits on Bābur and receives Aūd (Oudh) 527; on service 530; in Aūd (933) 544; his loyalty tested (934) 589; with Bīban, opposing Bābur 594, 598-601, 2, (935) 638; serving Maḥmūd Lūdī against Bābur 652, 673; Bābur resolves to crush him and Bīban 677-8; mentioned 679, 692; takes Luknūr(?) 681, App. T; action continued against him 681, 2, 5; his comrade Bīban q.v.; [♰937 AH.-1531 AD.].

Shaikh +Bāyazīd+ Itārachī Mughūl, brother of Aḥmad Taṃbal—holding Akhsī for Jahāngīr (908) 170; sends a force against Pāp 171; receives Bābur in Akhsī 171-2; made prisoner against Bābur's wish 173; escapes 175; reported as sending Yūsuf dāroghā to Bābur's hiding-place 182.

+Bega Begīm (1)+, Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain and Pāyanda—particulars 266; [♰ before Ḥusain 911 AH.-1505 AD.].

+Bega Begīm (2)+, Mīrān-shāhī ut supra, daughter of Aūlūgh Beg Kābulī—her marriage with Muḥammad Ma`ṣūm Bāī-qarā (902) 264.

+Bega Begīm (3)+, Mīrān-shāhī ut supra, daughter of Mahmud and Khān-zāda II—betrothed to Ḥaidar Bāī-qarā (901) 48, 61, 263; married (903) 48; their child 263.

+Bega Begīm (4)+, Shāh-rukhī ut supra, daughter of Bāī-sunghar (Shāh-rukhī)—her grandson's marriage 265.

+Bega Begīm (5)+,—Ḥājī Begīm—daughter of Yādgār T̤aghāī, wife of Humāyūn—her son Al-amān q.v.

+Bega Begīm (6)+,—"the Bībī"—, see Mubārika.

+Bega Sulṯān Begīm+ Mervī, wife of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 261, 7, 8; divorced 268; her son Badī`u'z-zamān q.v.; [893 AH.-1488 AD.].

Wais Lāghari's +Beg-gīna+,—brings Bābur news of Al-amān's birth (935) 621, 4.

The +Begīms+, Bābur's paternal aunts—waited on by him 301, 616, 686.

+Begīm Sulṯān+, see Sa`ādat-bakht.

+Begī Sulṯān Āghācha+, ghūnchachī of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 269.

+Beg Mīrak+ Mughūl—brings Bābur good news (932) 466; on service (933) 548.

+Beg Mīrak+ Turkmān, a beg of the Chīrās (Mughūl) tūmān—acts for Yūnas Khān 191; [♰832 AH.-1428-9 AD.].

+Beg Tīlba+ Itārachī Mughūl, brother of Aḥmad Taṃbal—induces the Khān (Maḥmūd) not to help Bābur (903) 91, (905) 115; his light departure perplexes his brother 116; invites Shaibānī into Farghāna (908) 172.

+Bhupat Rao+, son of Ṣalāḥu'd-dīn—killed at Kānwa 573; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

+Bīān Shaikh+ (Biyān)—his rapid journeys 621, 624; brings news of the battle of Jām (935) 622, 623 n. 3; the source of his news 624 n. 1; hurried back 624, 627.

+Bīān-qulī+—his son Khān-qulī q.v.

Malik +Bīban+ Jilwānī? Afghān—deserts `Ālam Khān Lūdī (932) 457 and n. 2; writes dutifully to Bābur 464; is presuming at an audience 466; deserts Bābur 468, 528; is defeated 528-9; with Bāyazīd, besieges Luknūr (933) 582; defeats Bābur's troops 594, 598; opposes Bābur in person (934) 598-601; referred to as a rebel (935) 638; serving Maḥmūd Lūdī 652, 675; Bābur resolves to crush him 677-8; mentioned 679 n. 7, 692; takes Luknūr(?) 681, App. T; action taken against him 681, 2, 5; his constant associate Bāyazīd Farmūlī q.v.

Muḥammad Shāh, +Bihār Khān+ Bihārī, Nūḥānī Afghān, son of Daryā Khān—declared independent in Bihār (932) 523; particulars 664; his widow Dūdū and son Jalāl q.v.; [♰934 AH.-1527 AD.].

+Bihār Khān+ Lūdī (or Pahār Khān), a Panj-āb amīr of Ibrāhīm Lūdī's in 930 AH.— defeated by Bābur (930) 208, 441 (where add "or Pahār"), 578; a chronogram which fixes the date 575.

+Bihjat+, see Bahjat.

+Bih-būd Beg+—particulars 277, App. H, and Additional Notes under p. 277.

Ustād Kamālu'd-dīn +Bih-zād+—particulars 291; his training due to Nawā'ī 272; is instructed in drawing by Shaibānī (913) 329.

+Rāja of Bījānagar+ (Vījāyanagar)—mentioned as ruling in 932 AH. 483.

+Rāja Bikam-deo+, named in the Hindūstān Revenue List.

+Rāja Bīkam-chand+, ut supra.

+Rāja Bīkramājīt+, ut supra.

+Bī-khūb Sulṯān+ (var. Nī- or Naī-khūb)? Aūzbeg-Shaibān—on Bābur's service (934) 589, 602, (935) 651, 682; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669.

Rānā +Bikramājīt+, son of Sangā and Padmāwatī—negotiations for him with Bābur (934) ☛ 603, 612, (935) 612-3, 615, 616; pact made with him 616-7; possessor of Khiljī jewels 613; his mother Padmāwatī and her kinsman Asūk Mal q.v.

Rājā +Bikramājīt+ Gūālīārī, Tūnwar Rājpūt—his ancestral fortress 477; his Koh-i-nūr (932) 477; his buildings 607-610 and nn.; his palace Bābur's quarters (935) 607; his death (932) 477; [♰932 AH.-1526 AD.].

Rāja +Bikramājīt+ (Vikramādītya)—his Observatory and Tables 79.

+Bīrīm Deo+ Malinhās—on Bābur's service (932) 462.

Rāja +Bīr-sing Deo+—named in the Revenue List (935) 521; his force at Kānwa (933) 562; serving Bābur 639.

Khalīfa's +Bīshka+(?)—a woman who leaves Samarkand with Bābur's mother (907) 147.

+Bīshka Mīrzā+ Itārachī Mughūl—brings and receives gifts (925) 415, 416.

+Brethren of Bābur+—removal of their opposition to his aim on Hindūstān 478.

+Buhlūl-i-ayūb+ Begchīk, son of Ayūb—Bābur warned against him (910) 190; joins Bābur 196; his misconduct 241, (911) 254.

Sulṯān +Buhlūl+, +Sāhū-khail Lūdī+, Afghān—grandfather of Ibrāhīm 463; his treasure 470; his tomb visited by Bābur 476; his capture of Jūnpūr and Dihlī 481; his sons Sikandar and `Alau'u'd-dīn q.v.; [♰894 AH.-1488 AD.].

Pahlawān +Buhlūl+, tufang-andāzī—receives gifts (935) 633.

+Būjka+, a household bravo—on Bābur's service (932) 458, 474, 534, (933) 545; his success at Bīāna 547.

Malik +Bū Khān+ Dilah-zāk (Dilazāk) Afghān—receives gifts from Bābur (925) 394; brings tribute 409.

+Būrān Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān—his marriage with `Āyisha-sulṯān Bāī-qarā 267; their son `Abdu'l-lāh q.v.

Shaikh +Burhānu'd-dīn `Alī Qīlīch+, Marghīnānī, author of the Hidāyat—his birthplace Rashdān 7; a descendant 29, 89; [♰593 AH.-1197 AD.].

Malik +Bū-sa`īd+ Kamarī—a guide (910) 230, 231; doubted 233.

+Chaghatāī Khān+, second son of Chīngīz Khān—his yūrt (camping-ground) occupied by his descendant Yūnas 12; mentioned in the genealogy of Yūnas 19; [♰638 AH.-1241 AD.].

+Chākū+ Barlās, one of Tīmūr's noted men—an ancestor of Muḥammad Barandūq 270; descent of his line to Akbar's day 270 n. 2.

Rāī +Chandrabān+, Chauhān Rājpūt—killed at Kānwa (933) 573; [♰933 AH.-1527 A.D.].

+Chāpūq+ (Slash-face), see Ibrāhīm Begchik.

Sulṯān Aḥmad +Chār-shaṃba+—unhorses Muḥammad Mūmin Bāī-qarā (902) 71; coincident occurrences of "Chār-shaṃba" 71.

Ismā`īl +Chilma+ (or Chalma), son of Ibrāhīm Jānī—writes particulars of the battle of Jām (935) 624.

+Chilma+ Mughūl (or Chalma)—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; rebels in Kābul (914) 345.

+Chilma+ tāghchī Mughūl (? shoeing-smith)—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Chīngīz Khān+ Mughūl—counted back to in Yunās Khān's genealogy 12, 19; his capture of Samarkand (619 AH.-1222 AD.) 75; referred to concerning the name Qarshī 84; his Rules (Tūra) 155, 298; [♰624 AH.-1227 AD.].

+Chīn+ Ṣūfī—defends Khwārizm for Ḥusain Bāī-qarā against Shaibāni (910) 242 n. 3, 244; killed in the surrender 255-6; [♰911 AH.-1505-6 AD.].

+Chīn-tīmūr Sulṯān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Aḥmad—mentioned s.a. 912 as serving Bābur 318; succeeds against Ibrāhīm Lūdī's advance (932) 467; in the right centre at Pānīpat 472, and at Kānwa (933) 565, 568 n. 3; rewarded 527, 578-9; on service (933) 540; at Chandīrī (934) 590; pursues Bīban and Bāyazīd 601, 602; in command against Balūchīs (935) 638, 676; met on a journey 639; writes of loss of reinforcement 675; ordered to Āgra 676; waits on Bābur 688; his brothers Manṣūr, Aīsān-tīmūr, Tūkhtā-būghā, Sa`īd, Khalīl q.v.; [♰936 AH.-1530 AD.].

+Chīqmāq Beg+—sent on road-surveyor's work (935) 629-30; the Mubīn quoted in connection with his orders 630; his clerk Shāhī q.v.

+Chirkas qīzlār+ (Circassian girls), see Gulnār and Nār-gul.

+Chūlī Begīm+, Aẕāq Turkmān—particulars 265, 268; her husband Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and their daughter Sulṯānīm q.v.; [♰before 911 AH.-1505 AD.].

+Dāmāchī+ Mughūl—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Dankūsī+ var. Nigarsī—killed at Kānwa 573; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

+Darwesh-i-`alī+—serving Humāyūn in Saṃbhal (934) 587.

+Darwesh-i-`alī Beg+ Chaghatāī, brother of Nawā'ī—particulars 275; in Bābur's service (916) 275 and (917) 277; his poet-wife Āpāq Bega q.v.

+Darwesh-i-`alī+ pīāda and, later, tūfang-andāz—takes news of Hind-āl's birth to Bābur (925) 385.

+Darwesh-i `Alī Sayyid+ Mughūl—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Darwesh Beg Tarkhān+, Arghūn—particulars 39; [♰895 AH.-1490 AD.].

+Darwesh Gāū+ Andijānī—put to death as seditious (899) 30.

Shaikh +Darwesh Kūkūldāsh+ qūr-begī—at a household-party (906) 131; his death, successor in office, and avengeance 251, 253; [♰911 AH.-1505-6 AD.].

+Darwesh-i-muḥammad+ Faẓlī—defeated (910) 241; degraded for not supporting a comrade (925) 405.

+Darwesh-i-muḥammad Sārbān+—Mīrzā Khān's envoy to Bābur (925) 402; a non-drinker not pressed to disobey 406; replaces a china cup 407; enters Bābur's service 408; over-pressed to break the Law 410; eats a strange fruit 410-1; at ma`jūn-parties 412, (935) 683; asks a fruitful question (932) 470-1; in the right-centre at Pānī-pat 472 and at Kānwa (933) 565; recals a vow to Bābur 553; in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 673.

+Darwesh-i-muḥammad Tarkhān+ Arghūn Chingīz-khānid—particulars 38; envoy to the Andijān begs (899) 31; his part in the Tarkhān rebellion (901) 62; his death 38, 63;

his relationship to Mīrān-shāhīs 13 n. 5, 33, 38, and his kinsman `Abdu'l-`alī q.v.; [♰901 AH.-1496 AD.].

+Darwesh Sulṯān+ (? Chaghatāī)—on Bābur's service (934) 599.

+Daryā Khān+ Turk, son of Mīr (Shaikh) `Alī Beg—particulars 382; his sons Yār-i-ḥusain and Ḥasan q.v.

+Daryā Khān+ Nūḥānī, Afghān—his sons Saīf Khān and Bihār Khān, his grandson Jalāl q.v.

Mullā +Dāūd+—killed serving Bābur 549; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Sayyid +Dāūd+ Garm-serī—receives gifts (935) 633.

+Dāūd Khān+ Lūdī—defeated by Bābur's troops (932) 467-8.

+Dāūd+ Sarwānī, see Rāwū'ī Sarwānī.

+Daulat Khān+, Yūsuf-khail Lūdī, Afghān, son of Tātār—is given Bhīra etc. 382, 383; concerning his lands, Author's Note 383; ☛ a principal actor from 926 to 932 AH. 428; dreads Ibrāhīm Lūdī 439; ☛ proffers allegiance to Bābur (929?) 439, 440; ☛ his gift of an Indian fruit decides Bābur to help him 440, 503 n. 6; ☛ his action causes the return to Kābul of Bābur's fourth expedition into Hindūstān 442; his strength and action 443-4; his rumoured attack on Lāhor (932) 451, 453; negotiates with `Ālam Khān (931?) 455-6; loses Milwat to Bābur (932) 459; his death 461; his sons `Alī, Apāq, Dilawār q.v.; his relations with Nānak 461 n. 3; [♰932 AH.-1526 A.D.].

+Daulat-i-muḥammad Kūkūldāsh+, see Qūtlūq-i-muḥammad.

+Daulat-qadam ?+—his son Mir Mughūl q.v.

+Daulat-shāh+ Isfarāyinī, author of the Taẕkiratu'sh-shu`arā—at Taẕkir`atu'sh the battle of Chīkmān-sarāī (876) 46 n. 2; [♰895 AH.-1490 AD.?].

+Daulat-sulṯān Khānīm+, Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, daughter of Yūnas Khān and Shāh Begīm—particulars 24; her long family separation (907) 149; meets her brother Aḥmad (908) 159; married as a captive by Tīmūr Aūz-beg (909) 24; rejoins Bābur (917) ib. and 358 n. 1; letters from her reach Bābur (925) 409; sends letters and gifts to him (932) 446.

+Dāwā Khān+, Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—-mentioned in Yūnas Khān's genealogy 19; [♰706 +AH.+-1306-7 AD.].

+Dejal+, the false Messiah 563 n. 1.

+Deo Sulṯān?+, see Div.

Rāja +Dharmankat+ Gūālīārī—stirs trouble (933) 539; lays siege to Gūālīār 557.

+Dharm-deo+—his force at Kānwa (933) 562.

+Dilāwar Khān+ Yūsuf-khail Lūdī, Afghān, son of Daulat Khān—☛ ill-received by Ibrāhīm Lūdī (929?) 439; ☛ goes to Kābul to ask help from Bābur 439-40; imprisoned by his father (931) 442, 443; escapes and joins `Ālam Khān 455, 456; joins Bābur 457, 461; location of his mother's family 462; does not sit in Bābur's presence 466; entrusted by Bābur with care for the corpse of Ibrāhīm Lūdī 474 n. 1; in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 567 (here styled Khān-i-khānān); [♰946 AH.-1539 AD.].

+Dil-dār Begīm+ (? Ṣālḥa-sulṯān 3rd daughter of Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī and Pasha), wife of Bābur—her unborn child forcibly adopted (925) 347, and App. L; her son Alwar (Alūr)'s death (935) 689 n. 5; particulars 712-4; her sons Hind-āl and Alūr, her daughters Gul-rang, Gul-chihra and Gul-badan q.v.

+Dilpat Rāo+—killed at Kānwa 573; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

+Div Sulṯān+ Rūmlū (or Deo)—recaptures Balkh (cir. 919) 363; particulars 635 n. 2; his servant describes the battle of Jām (935) 635-6.

+Dīwa Hindū+, son of Sīktū—waits on Bābur in Bhīra (925) 382; made prisoner and ransomed 399.

+Dīwāna+ jāma-bāf—put to retaliatory death 73; [♰903 AH.-1497 AD.].

+Bābā Dost+—put in charge of Humāyūn's Trans-Indus district (925) 391; conveys wine to Bābur's camp (933) 551 (here sūchī).

+Dost+, son of Muḥammad Bāqir—drunk (925) 415.

+Dost-anjū+? +Shaikh+, son of Bābā `Alī—left in charge of Ghaznī (911) 307.

+Dost Beg+ Mughūl, son of Bābā Qashqa and brother (p. 588) of Shāh Muḥammad—at a social gathering and sent to Bhīra 388 (here muhrdār); made a dīwān (932) 476; in charge of Bīāna (933) 539 and made its shiqdār 579 (here Lord-of-the Gate); in the right centre at Kānwa 565, 569; waits on Bābur 581; pursues rebels (934) 601 (here Dost-i-muḥammad); in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 673; for his kinsmen see s.n. Bābā Qashqa.

Khwāja +Dost-i-khāwand+—lets himself down over the wall of Qandahār (913) 343; at boat-parties (925) 385, 388; comes from Kābul to Āgra (933) 544; in the left-centre at Kānwa 565; ☛ sent on Bābur's family affairs to Humāyūn in Badakhshān (934) 603; delayed in Kābul till Kāmrān's arrival 618 and nn. 2-6; his letters reach Bābur (935) 618.

+Dost-kīldī+ Mughūl—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Dost-i-nāṣir Beg+—Dost Beg—(Nāṣir's Dost), son of Nāṣir—enters Bābur's service (904) 103; on service (906) 131, (908) 163, 165; one of three standing by Bābur 166, 167, 396; with him at Akhsī 174, 396; one of the eight in the flight 177, 396; at the recapture of Kābul (912) 315; in the left centre at Qandahār (913) 335, 338; at Tāshkīnt (918) ☛ 356 n. 1, ☛ 358, 396-7; opposing rebels (921) ☛ 364, 397; leading the left at Bajaur (925) 368 (here first styled Beg), 369, 370, 397; his revenue work 384; at wine parties 387, 388; at Parhāla 390; attacked by fever 394; his death and his burial at Ghaznī 395-6; his brother Mīrīm q.v.; particulars 395-7; [♰925 AH.-1519 AD.].

+Dost+ Sar-i-pulī, pīāda and (later) kotwāl—attacks Bābur blindly (912) 316-7; wounded (913) 324; [♰913 AH.-1507 AD.].

+Dost-i-yāsīn-khair+—wrestles well with eight in successive (935) 653; 656.

+Dūdū Bībī+, widow of Bihār Khān Bihārī—news of her bringing her son to Bābur (935) 664; encouraging letters sent to her 665; Sher Khān Sūr her co-guardian for her son 664 n. 2; her son Jalālu'd-dīn Nuḥānī q.v.

+Faghfūr Dīwān+—on service (933) 551; his servants sent for fruit to Kābul (935) 687. Ḥai. MS. reads Maghfūr.

+Fajji+ Gāgīānī, Afghān—guides Bābur's first passage of the Khaibar (910) 229.

+Fakhrū'n-nisā'+, daughter of Bābur and `Āyisha—died an infant 35-6, 136; [♰906 AH.-1500-1 AD.].

+Faqī-i-`alī+—reprieved (914) 345; with Bābur and left in charge of Balkh (923) 463; ☛ left in charge of Qila`i-ẕafar by Humāyūn (936) 695.

+Farīd Khān+ Nuḥānī, Afghān, son of Naṣīr—writes dutifully to Bābur (935) 659.

+Farīdūn+, (an ancient Shāh of Persia)—mentioned in a verse 85.

+Farīdūn-i-ḥusain Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, son of Ḥusain and Mīnglī—particulars 263, 269; [♰915 AH.-1509 AD.].

+Farīdūn+ qabūzī—summoned by Bābur (935) 617.

Mullā +Farrukh+—placed on Bābur's left at a feast (935) 631; gifts made to him 632.

+Farrukh+ Arghūn—surrenders Qalāt-i-ghilzāī to Bābur (911) 248-9.

Mīrzā +Farrūkh+ Aūghlāqchī, son of Ḥasan—mentioned for his qualities 279.

+Farrukh-i-ḥusain Mīrzā+, Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Pāpā—particulars 264; [♰915 AH.-1509 AD.].

+Farrukh-zād Beg+—Bābur dismounts in his garden at Qandahār (913) 337.

+Farūq+, son of Bābur and Māhīm—his birth (932) announced to Bābur (933) 536, 689 n. 5; [933 AH.-1526-7 AD.].

+Fatḥ Khān+ Sarwānī Khān-i-jahān, son of `Azim-humāyūn—is escorted to Bābur (932) 534; well-received (933) 537; his hereditary title superseded ib.; invited to a wine-party ib.; serving Maḥmūd Lūdī (935) 652; his son Maḥmūd q.v.; ? a kinsman Daud q.v.

+Fāṯima-sūlṯān Āghā+ Mughūl—first wife of `Umar Shaikh Mīrān-shāhī 17, 24; their son Jahāngīr q.v.

+Fāṯima-sultān Begīm+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain and Mīnglī—particulars 266; her husband Yādgar-i-farrukh Mīrān-shāhī q.v.; [♰before 911 AH.-1505 AD.].

+Fāẓil Kūkūldāsh+—serving Shāh Beg Arghūn (910) 238; ☛ a good account of him named 443; his death a crushing grief to Shāh Beg ib.; [♰930 AH.-1514 AD.].

+Fāẓil Tarkhān+—a Turkistān merchant created a Tarkhān by Shaibānī, [Author's Note] 133; his death ib.; [906 AH.-1500 AD.].

+Faẓlī+, see Darwesh-i-muḥammad.

+Ferdinand the Catholic+—his action in 1504 (910 AH.) 187 n. 2 (Erskine).

+Fīrūza Begīm+ Qānjūt, wife of Manṣūr Bāī-qarā her Tīmūrīd ancestry 256; her children Bāī-qarā (II), Ḥusain, Ākā and Badka q.v.; [♰874 AH.-1469-70 AD.].

+Fīrūz Khān+ Mewatī—reprieved (932) 477-8.

+Fīrūz Khān+, Sārang-khānī, Afghān—on Ibrāhīm Lūdī's service 527; waits on Bābur (932) 527, and on his service 530.

Sulṯān +Fīrūz Shāh+, Tūghlūq Turk—his servants' dynasties 481, 482; his relations with the rulers of Mālwā 482 (where in n. 3 for "Gujrāt" read Mālwā); [♰790 AH.-1388 AD.].

+Fīrūz Shāh Beg+—his grandson `Abdu'l-khalīq q.v.

+Gadāī+ Balāl—rejoins Bābur (913) 330-1.

+Gadāī+ bihjat—misbehaves (925) 414.

+Gadāī T̤aghāī+—shares a confection (925) 375; at social gatherings 385, 7, 8, 400, 412; rides carrying a full pitcher 386; out with Bābur 404; removes a misbehaving namesake 414.

+Gauhar-shād Begīm+, wife of Shāh-rukh Tīmūrid—Bābur visits her college and tomb (912) 305; [♰861 AH.-1457 AD.].

+Gauhar-shad Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Abū-sa`īd—visited by Bābur (935) 616.

Mīr +Gesū+—finds chronogram identical with Shaikh Zain's 575.

Apāq +Ghāzī Khān+ Turk, son of Mīr (Shaikh) `Alī Beg—particulars 382; his brothers Bābā Kābulī and Daryā Khān, his son `Alī and his relation Naẕar-i-`alī Turk q.v.

Apāq +Ghāzī Khān+ Yūsuf-khail Lūdī Afghān, son of Daulat Khān—☛ arrested by Bābur (930) 442; moves against Bābur (932) 451, 453; not trusted 455; agrees to help `Ālam Khān 455-6; receives him ill on defeat 457-8; pursued for Bābur 458, 460, 461, 462, 463; Bābur's reproach for his abandonment of his family 460-1; his forts in the Dūn 462; his library less valuable than was expected by Bābur 460; his kinsman Ḥāji Khān and his own son 465.

+Ghiyās̤+, a buffoon 400 (where erroneously Ghīāṣ).

Mīr +Ghiyās̤+, building entrusted to him (935) 642.

Mīr +Ghiyās̤ T̤aghāī+ Kūnjī Mughūl, brother of `Alī-dost—particulars 28; enters the Khān (Maḥmūd)'s service (899) 28, 32; [♰ before 914 AH.-1507-8 AD.].

Amīr +Ghiyās̤u'd-dīn+, ☛ patron of Khwānd-amīr and supposed ally of Bābur—killed in Herāt (927) 432.

+Ghiyās̤u'd-dīn+, nephew of Khwānd-amīr—☛ conveys the keys of Qandahār to Bābur (928) 432, 435, 436.

Sulṯān +Ghīyāṣu'd-dīn+ Balban—Bābūr visits his tomb (932) 475; [♰ 686 AH.-1287 AD.].

+Ghiyās̤u'd-dīn+ qūrchī—takes campaigning orders to Junaid Barlās (935) 628; returns to Court 636; takes orders to the Eastern amirs 638.

+Ghulām-i-`alī+—returns from taking Bābur's three articles to Naṣrat Shāh (935) 676.

+Ghulām bacha+, a musician—heard by Bābur in Herāt (912) 303.

+Ghulām-i-shādī+, a musician—particulars 292; his younger brother Ghulām bacha q.v.

Mullā +Ghulām+ Yasāwal—makes an emplacement for the Ghāzī mortar (935) 670; sent to collect the Bihār tribute 676.

Ghūrī Barlās—on Bābur's service (905) 125; in the left wing at Qandahār (913) 334; wounded 336; [♰919 AH.-1513 AD.].

+Gūjūr Khān+—ordered on service (935) 638.

+Gul-badan Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Bābur and Dil-dār—☛ her birth (929 or 930) and her book (cir. 995) 441; her journey to Āgra (935) 650 n. 2; ☛ her parentage 712; [♰1011 AH.-1603 AD.].

+Gul-barg+ Barlās Turk, daughter of Khalīfa—☛ betrothed(?) to Shāh Ḥasan Arghūn (924-5) 366; ☛ married (930) 443.

+Gul-chihra Begīm+, full sister of Gul-badan supra—her marriage with Tūkhtā-būghā Chaghatāī 705 n. 1, 708; her parentage 712; ☛ perhaps the mother of Salīma Chaqānīanī 713.

+Gul-rang Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Bābur and Dil-dār—☛ born in Khwāst (920) 363; ☛ married to Aīsān-tīmūr Chaghatāī (937) 705 n. 1, 708; parentage 712.

+Gul-rukh Begīm+ Begchīk, wife of Bābur—☛ with Bābur on the Trans-oxus campaign (916-20) 358; particulars 712; her sons Kāmrān and `Askarī and her brother(?) Sulṯān `Alī Mīrzā T̤aghāī q.v.

Mīrak +Gūr+ dīwān (or Kūr) captured by Shaibānī (913) 328.

Shaikh Abū'l-fatḥ +Gūran+ (G'hūran)—serving Bābur (932) 526, 528-9, (933) 539, 567, (934) 590; in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 567; host to Bābur in Kūl (Koel) (934) 587; takes lotus-seeds to him 666; sends him grapes (935) 686; given Gūālīār (936) 688, 690; ☛ holds it till Bābur's death 692 n. 1.

+Ḥabība-sulṯān Begīm+ Arghūn, wife of Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī—particulars 36, 37; arranges her daughter Ma`ṣūma's marriage with Bābur (912) 306, (913) 330.

+Ḥābība-sulṯān Khānīsh+ Dūghlāt, daughter of Muḥammad Ḥusain and Khūb-nigār Chaghatāī—her marriages 21-2; depends on Bābur (917) 22.

+Ḥāfiẕ Ḥājī+, a musician—heard by Bābur in Herī (912) 303.

+Ḥāfiẕ+ kabar-kātib—his brother conveys Bābur's earliest Dīwān to Samarkand (925) 482; at a feast (935) 631, 632.

+Ḥāfiẕ Mīrak+—composes an inscription (913) 343.

+Ḥāfiẕ-i-muḥammad Beg+ Dūldāī Barlās—particulars 25; in Aūrā-tīpā (893) 17, 25; ☛ joint-guardian of Mīrzā Khān (905) 25, 122; his death 26; his sons Muḥammad mīskīn and T̤āhir q.v.; his (?) Chār-bāgh 108; [♰cir. 909-10 AH.-1504 AD.].

Khwāja Shamsu'd-dīn Muḥammad +Ḥāfiẕ+ Shīrāzī—parodied (910) 201; [♰791 AH.-1389 AD.].

+Ḥāfiẕ+ Tāshkīndī—gifts made to him (935) 632.

+Haibat Khān+ karg-andāz, Hindūstānī—leaves Bābur (933) 557.

+Haibat Khān+ Samana'ī—☛ perhaps the provider of matter to fill the lacuna of 936 AH., 693.

Mullā +Ḥaidar+—his sons `Abdu'l-minān and Mūmin q.v.

+Ḥaidar+ `Alamdār—on Bābur's service (925) 383, (926) 421.

+Ḥaidar-`alī Sulṯān+ Bajaurī—obeys custom in testing his dead mother's virtue 212; ☛ his Gibrī fort taken by Bābur (924) 366, 7, 8.

+Ḥaidar Kūkūldāsh+ Yāragī Mughūl, Maḥmūd Khān's "looser and binder"—defeated 35, (900) and killed 52, 111-2; his garden 54; his son Banda-i-`alī and a descendant (?) Ḥusain Yārajī q.v.

+Ḥaidar-Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Pāyanda-sulṯān—his Mīrān-shāhī betrothal at Ḥiṣār (901) 48, 61; rejoins his father opportunely (903) 261; particulars 263; his wife Bega q.v.; [♰908 AH.-1502-3 AD.].

Muḥammad +Ḥāidar Mīrzā Kūrkān+ Dūghlāt, author of the Tārīkh-i-rashīdī—particulars 21-2, 348; ☛ takes refuge with Bābur (916) 350; ☛ his first battle (917) 353; ☛ ill when Kūl-i-malik was fought (918) 357-8; goes to Sa`īd Khān in Kāshgar 22, 362; on Sa`īd's service (933) 590, (936) 695-6; [♰958 AH.-1551 AD.].

+Ḥāidar-i-qāsim Beg+ Kohbur Chaghatāī—father of Abū'l-qāsim, Aḥmad-i-qāsim and Qūch (Qūj) Beg q.v.

+Ḥaidar-qulī+—on Aūzūn Ḥasan's service (904) 102.

+Ḥaidar-qulī+, servant of Khwāja Kalān—on service (932) 467; mentioned by Bābur in writing to the Khwāja (935) 648.

+Ḥaidar+ rikābdār—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; his son Muḥammad `Alī q.v.

+Ḥaidar+ tāqī—his garden near Kābul 198 n. 1.

+Ḥājī Ghāzī+ Manghīt—sent to help Bābur (904) 101 where in n. 3 add Vambéry's Note 29 to the references.

+Ḥājī (`Alī) Khān+ Yūsuf-khail Lūdī Afghān—acting with `Ālam Khān Lūdī (932) 445-6-7.

+Ḥājī pīāda+—killed at the Lovers'-cave 68; [902 AH.-1497 AD.].

+Ḥājī Pīr+ bakāwal—negociates for Ḥusain Bāī-qarā with the Ḥiṣār begs (901) 61.

+Halāhil+—on service (925) 391, (925) 638.

+Ḥalwāchī Tarkhān+ Arghūn—engages Bābur's left wing at Qandāhar (913) 336.

Sayyid Mīr +Hamah+—gets the better of two traitors (932-3) 546; receives head-money (933) 546; in the right wing at Kānwa 566.

+Ḥamīd Khān+ Khāṣa-khaīl Sārang-khānī Lūdī—opposes Bābur (932) 465; defeated by Humāyūn 466; defeated (633) 540; sent out of the way before Kānwa 547.

+Hāmūsī+, son of Dīwa—sent to make a Hindū pact with Sangā's son (935) 616.

Amīr +Ḥamza+—a poem mentioned imitating that in which he is celebrated 280; [♰3 AH.-625 AD.].

+Ḥamza Beg+ qūchīn, son of Qāsim and a daughter of Banda-i-`alī—his wedding gifts to Bābur on his marriage with Khalīfa's daughter (925) 400; joins Bābur on summons from Qūndūz 406, 410.

+Ḥamza Bī+ Mangfīt Aūzbeg—defeated, when raiding, by Bābur's men (910) 195.

+Ḥamza Khān+, Malik of `Alī-shang—made over to the avengers of blood (926) 425; [♰926 AH.-1520 AD.].

+Ḥamza Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg—his various service 58, 59, 131; defeated by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (901) 58; enters Bābur's service 59; given leave 64; his Mughūls rebel against Bābur (904) 105; serving Shaibānī (906) 131, 139, (910) 244; ☛ holding Ḥiṣār and comes out against Bābur (916) 352; defeated at Pul-i-sangīn and put to death by Bābur (917) 18, 37, 262, 353; his defeat announced to Ismā`īl Ṣafawī 354; his sons in the battle of Jām (935) 622; his sons `Abdu'l-laṯīf and Mamāq q.v.; his Mīrān-shāhī wife 37; [♰917 AH.-1511 AD.].

+Ḥaq-dād+, headman of Dūr-namā—makes offering of his garden to Bābur (926) 420.

+Ḥaq-naẕar+—finds the body of his nephew (Nūyān) Kūkūldāsh (907) 152.

+Ḥaq-naẕīr+ chapā—to punish his raid, beyond the power of the Herāt Mīrzās (912) 300.

+Ḥarūnu'r-rashīd Khalīfa+—his second son Māmūn Khalīfa (d. 218 AH.) 79; [♰193 AH.-809 AD.].

Ustād +Ḥasan-i-`alī+—orders given for the completion of work he had begun in Kābul (935) 646-7.

+Ḥasan-i-`alī+ Chaghatāī—receives a pargana (935) 689.

+Ḥasan-i-`alī+ Jalāīr Chaghatāī, son of `Alī (q.v.)—particulars 278, 286; meets Bābur (912) 299; his poet-sister 286 n. 1; [♰925 AH.-1519 AD.].

Sayyid +Ḥasan+ Aūghlāqchī Mughūl, son of Murād—particulars 279; serving Bābur (917) 279; his son Farrukh q.v.; [♰918 AH.-1522 AD.].

+Ḥasan+ Barlās—his rough dealing with Bābur (910) 194.

Shāh +Ḥasan Beg+ Arghūn, son of Shāh (Shuja`) Beg—quarrels with his father and goes to Bābur (924) 365, ☛ 430; his betrothal (?) to Gul-barg (924-6) 366 and marriage (930) 443; in the left centre at Bajaur (925) 369; sent to claim ancient lands of the Turks 383-4; is successful 388; out with Bābur 395; gifts to him ib. 414, 584;☛ social matters 400, 7, 10, 12; Bābur sends him a quatrain 401; (see s.n. Shāh-zāda), ☛ a principal actor between 930 and 932 AH. 427; his attack on Multān 437, 442 and s.n. `Askarī; accedes in Sind (930) 443; reads the khuṯba for Bābur 430; his envoy to Bābur (935) 632; [♰962 AH.-1555 AD.].

+Ḥasan+ Chalabī—T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī's envoy to Bābur (935), arrives late 631, 632 n. 3, 641; Bābur accepts excuse for his delay 649; Bābur's envoy accompanies him on his return 641; his servant gives Bābur's envoy an account of the battle of Jām 649.

+Ḥasan-dīkcha+ of Akhsī—supports Bābur (904) 101.

+Ḥasan-i-khalīfa+, son of Niẕāmu'd-dīn `Alī—sent on service 679.

+Ḥasan Khān+ Bārīwāl Hindūstānī—leaves Bābur for Sangā (933) 557.

+Ḥasan Khān+ Daryā-khānī, son of Daryā Khān son of Mīr `Alī Beg—on service for Bābur (933) 582; in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 669; pursuing rebels 678.

+Ḥasan-i-makan+, loses Kandār to Sangā (932) 529-30.

+Ḥasan Khān+ Mewātī—his change of capital (930) 578; his opposition to Bābur (932) 523 and n. 3, (933) 545, 547; his force at Kānwa 562 and death 573; Bairām Khān's remarks on him 523 n. 3; his son Nāhar q.v.; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

+Ḥasan Nabīra+, grandson of Muḥammad Sīghal—waits on Bābur (902) 66; captures his elder brother (903) 72; leaves `Alī for Mīrzā Khān (905) 122; goes as envoy (?) to Bābur from Mīrzā Khān (925) 415; his elder brother Muhammad Qāsim Nabīra q.v.

Mullā +Ḥasan+ ṣarrāf—given custody of gifts for Kābul (932) 525.

+Ḥasan+ sharbatchī—helps Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī's escape (901) 62.

+Ḥasan-i-yaq`ūb Beg+, son of Nūyān Beg?—particulars 26; supports Bābur (899) 30, 31; his appointments 32; shows disloyalty (900) 43; his death 44; his sobriquet Nūyān's Ḥasan 273; [♰900 AH.-1494 AD.].

Malik +Hast+ Janjūha—receives an envoy from Bābur (925) 380; serving Bābur 380, 389; his injuries from Hātī Kakar 391.

+Hātī+ Kakar—particulars 387; his misdeeds provoke punishment (925) 387, 9, 91; abandons Parhāla 390; sends Bābur tribute and is sent an envoy 391-2; referred to 452.

`Abdu'l-lāh +Hātifī+, nephew of Jāmī—particulars 288.

+Ḥātīm+ qūrchī—promoted to be qūr-begī (911) 252; in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Hazārāspī+, see Pīr-i-muḥammad.

+Henry VII of England+—his Intercursus malus contemporary with 910 AH. 187 n. 2.

+Henry of Navarre+—☛ his difficulties, as to creed, less than those of Bābur in 917 AH.-1511 AD., 356.

+Hilālī+, see Badru'd-dīn Hilālī.

Abū'l-nāṣir Muḥammad +Hind-āl Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Bābur and Dil-dār—his pre-natal adoption (925) 374; meaning of his name Hind-āl 385; gifts to him or his servants 522, (935) 633, 642; the Wālidiyyah-risāla and Hindūstān verses sent to him 642; under summons to Hind 645, ☛ 696; ☛ sent by Humāyūn to Qila`-i-ẕafar (936) 695; referred to 697; ☛ waits on his father in Lāhor 699; ☛ his dying father's wish to see him (937) 708; his escort of Bābur's family in 946 AH. referred to 710; [♰958 AH.-1551 AD.].

+Hindī+—Mindī,—Mahndī, see Mahndī.

+Hindū Beg+ qūchīn—leaves `Alī Mīrān-shāhī for Mīrzā Khān (905) 122; sent to raid Panj-kūra (925) 374; in Bhīra 386-8; leaves it 399; out with Bābur 403; serving under Humāyūn (932) 465-6, 528-9; in the right wing at Pānīpat 472 and at Kānwa (933) 566 and n. 2, 569; escorts Māhīm from Kābul (935) 687; sent to Saṃbhal ib.; waits on Bābur ib. and n. 2, 689; his mosque in Saṃbhal 687 n. 2.

☛ +Hulākū Khān+ Aīl-khānī (Īl-khānī)—referred to 79; [♰663 AH.-1264 AD.].

+Ḥul-hul Anīga+—a woman drinker 417.

Naṣīru'd-dīn Muḥammad +Humāyūn Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Bābur and Māhīm—his birth (913) 344; his mother's parentage 344 n. 3, ☛ 712-3; death of elder brethren referred to 374; a Trans-indus district given to him (925) 391; carried in haste to meet his father 395; makes a good shot 417; prefers not to go to Lamghān (926) 421; ☛ appointed to Badakhshān (927) 427; with his father in the Trans-oxus campaign (916-20) 358; his delay in joining the Hindūstān expedition (932) 444, 446 n. 3, 447; a desertion from him 545; first sight of a rhinoceros 451; books given to him at Milwat 460; his story-teller killed ib.; a successful first military affair 466-7; on service 471; in the right wing at Pānīpat 472; sent to take possession of Āgra 475, 476, 526; becomes owner of the Koh-i-nūr 477; receives Saṃbhal and other gifts 522, 7, 8; appointed against the Eastern Afghāns, his campaign 534, 544; mentioned in connection with the title `Aẕam-humāyūn (933) 537; his return to Āgra 544; his dislike of wine 545; in the right wing at Kānwa 566, 568-9; his departure for Kābul (and Badakhshān) 579-80; misappropriates treasure 583, ☛ 695 n. 1; a daughter born (934 or 5) 618; his father's messenger, detained a year by him, arrives in Āgra (935) 621, 626; birth of a son (934) 621, 624-5; letter to him from his father quoted 624-27; ordered to act with Kāmrān against the Aūzbegs 625-6; news of his action reaches Bābur 639, 640; gifts sent to him on his son's birth and with them the Wālidiyyah-risāla and the Hindustān poems 642; topics of a letter to him enumerated 645; the letter despatched 649; gifts from him to his father 687; a family tradition that his father wished to abdicate in his favour 689 n. 5; ☛ misery of his creation 692; concerning a plan to set him aside from the succession 644 n. 4, 688 n. 2, ☛ 692-3, ☛ 702-7; deserts his post in Badakhshān (936) 694; its sequel 695, 6, 7-8; ordered by his father to Saṃbhal 697; his illness and his father's self-surrender (937) 701-2; goes back to Saṃbhal 702; summoned and is declared successor at his father's last audience 708; [♰963 AH.-1556 AD.].

Bāba +Ḥūsain+—his murder of Aūlūgh Beg Shāh-rukhī (853) 85 and n. 3.

Maulānā Shaikh +Ḥusain+—particulars 283-4.

+Ḥūsain+ Aīkrak (?) (or Ḥasan)—receives the Chīn-āb country from Bābur (925) 386; misbehaves (926) 423.

Sayyīd +Ḥusain Akbar+ Tīrmīẕī, a maternal relative of Maṣ`ūd Mīrān-shāhī—attacks the fugitive Bāī-sunghar (903) 74; out with Bābur (910) 234; suspected 239; in the left wing at Qandahār (913) 334.

Sulṯān +Ḥusain+ Arghūn Qarā-kūlī—particulars 40; leaves Samarkand with the Tarkhāns (905) 121; fights for Bābur at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) (906) 139; his great-niece Ma`ṣūma a wife of Bābur 36.

+Ḥusain Āqā+ Sīstānī—in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 566.

+Ḥusain+ `aūdī, lutanist of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 292; owed his training to `Alī-sher Nawā'ī 272.

Shāh +Ḥusain+ bakhshī—brings Bābur news of a success (935) 685.

Khwāja +Ḥusain Beg+, brother of Aūzūn Ḥasan—particulars 26; his daughter a wife of `Umar Shaikh 24, 146 n. 3; leaves Samarkand with the Tarkhāns (905) 121; fights for Bābur at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) (906) 139; one of eight in the flight from Akhsī (908) 177 (here Khwāja Ḥusainī); his lameness causes him to leave Bābur 178; sends Lāhor revenues to Kābul (932) 446; waits on Bābur 458; on service (933) 549 (here Mullā Ḥusain); in the left centre at Kānwa 566.

Shāh +Ḥusain+ chuhra, a brave of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—left in Balkh (902) 70.

Sulṯān +Ḥusain+ Dūghlāt—joins Bābur (901) 58-9; conspires against Taṃbal (907) 154; sent by The Khān (Maḥmūd) to help Bābur (908) 161.

+Ḥusain+ Ghainī—a punitive force sent against him (911) 253.

+Ḥūsain-i-ḥāsan+—out with Bābur (925) 403; killed and avenged 404, 405; [♰925 AH.-1519 AD.].

Maulānā Shāh +Ḥusain+ Kāmī, a poet—particulars 290.

+Ḥūsain Kashifī+—his omission from Bābur's list of Herāt celebrities 283 n. 1.

+Ḥusain Khān+ Lashkar (?) Wazīr—writes from Naṣrat Shāh, accepting Bābur's three articles (935) 676.

Sulṯān +Ḥusain Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Manṣūr—defeats Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī (865) 46, 259 and (876) 260; his relations with Nawā'ī 33, 272; his campaign against Khusrau Shāh (901) 57, 58-61, 130; his dissensions with his sons 61, 69, (902) 68-70, 260, (903) 94-5; his capture of Herī (875) compared with Bābur's of Samarkand (906) 134-5; does not help Bābur against Shaibānī 138, 145; asks Bābur's help against him (910) 190-1, (911) 255; his death 256, and burial 293; particulars of his life and court 256-292: —(personal 256 —amīrs 270 —ṣadrs 280 —wazīrs, etc. 281 —poets 286 —artists 291) —his dealings with Ẕū'n-nūn Arghūn and Khusrau Shāh 274; his kindness to Maṣ'ūd Mīrān-shāhī (903) 93, 95; his disorderly Finance Office 281-2; delays a pilgrim 284; his copyist 291; his splendid rule 300; his buildings 305; his relation Nuyān Beg Tīrmīẕī 273; Bābur writes to him in ignorance of his death (912) 294; Bābur's comments on him 60, 191, 225; a poem mistakenly attributed to him 281; [♰911 AH.-1506 AD.].

Sulṯān +Ḥusain Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī, son of Maḥmūd and a Tīrmīzī wife—his death (æt. 13) in his father's lifetime, 47, 110.

Mīr +Ḥusain+ mu`ammā'ī Nishāpūrī—particulars 288 and n. 7; [♰904 AH.-1498-9 AD.].

+Ḥusain Khān+ Nūḥānī Afghān—holding Rāprī and not submissive to Bābur (932) 523; abandons it 530; takes it again (933) 557; drowned in flight 582; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Sulṯān +Ḥusain+ Qānjūt, maternal grandfather of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—his Tīmūrid descent 256 n. 5.

Shāh Mīr +Ḥusain+ Qārlūq—waits on Bābur (925) 403 (here var. Ḥasan) 409; sent to Bajaur (926) 422; meets Bābur on his road 423; in charge of impedimenta (932) 458; allowed to raid from Milwat 464; fighting for Bābur 468, 471; in the left wing at Pānīpat 472; posted in Jūnpūr (933) 544.

+Ḥusain-i Shaikh Tīmūr+—particulars 273 (where in n. 2 read grand("father")).

Sulṯān +Ḥusain+ Sharqī—rise and fall of his dynasty 481; [♰905 AH.-1500 AD.].

Shāh +Ḥusain+ Yāragī Mughūl Ghanchī—in the left wing at Pānīpat (932) 472, and at Kānwa (933) 567; on service 530.

+Ḥusamu'd-dīn `Alī+ Barlās, son of Khalīfa—on service (934) 601; waits on Bābur (935) 687.

+Ibn-i-ḥusāin Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Pāpā—parentage 265; joins his brothers against Shaibānī (912) 296; fails in etiquette when meeting Bābur 297; his place at a reception 298; goes back to his districts Tūn and Qāīn 301; mentioned 331; the poet Āhī his servant 289; [♰919 AH.-1513 AD.].

+Ibrāhīm Ātā+ (Father Abraham)—his tomb in Turkistān 159.

+Ibrāhīm Beg+ Begchīk, brother of Ayūb—in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334.

Mīr +Ibrāhīm+ Begchīk—fights and kills a guardian of `Umar Shaikh Mīrān-shāhī (cir. 870) 25.

+Ibrāhīm+ Chaghatāī—joins Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 279, 689 n. 4.

+Ibrāhīm+ chuhra—conveys a quatrain of Bābur's (925) 401.

+Ibrāhīm+ Dūldāī Barlās—particulars 274.

Sulṯān +Ibrāhīm+ Ghaznawī—his tomb 218; [♰492 AH.-1098 AD.].

+Ibrāhīm-i-ḥusain Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain—particulars 265; on his father's service (901) 57; receives Balkh (902) 70; besieged (903) 93-4; [♰910 AH.-1504-5 AD.].

+Ibrāhīm+ Jānī—fights for Bābur at Sar-i-pul (906) 139; one of three Ibrāhīms killed there 141, 624 n. 1; his son Chilma q.v.; [♰906 AH.-1501 AD.].

Mīr +Ibrāhīm+ qānūnī—waits on Bābur (935) 605; his kinsman Yūnas-i-`alī q.v.

Sulṯān +Ibrāhīm+ Sahu-khail Lūdī Afghān, son of Sikandar—Bābur sends him a goshawk and asks for the ancient lands of the Turk (925) 385; ☛ co-operation against him proffered to Bābur by Sangā 426, 529; ☛ a principal actor in the years of the lacuna from 926 to 932 AH. 427; ☛ no indication of Bābur's intending to attack him in 926 AH. 429; his misdoing leads to appeal for Bābur's help (929) 439; defeats his uncle `Ālam Khān (932) 456-7; Bābur moves from the Dūn against him 463; his military strength 463, 470; imprisons humble men sent by Bābur 464; various news of him 465, 466-7; Bābur's estimate of him 470; defeated and killed at Pānīpat 473-4, 630 n. 4; an Afghān account of Bābur's care for his corpse ib.; references to his rule in Gūālīār 977, to the rebellion of his Eastern amīrs 523, 527, to his capture of Chandirī and defeat at Dhūlpūr by Sangā 593, to Bābur's route when he was defeated (932) 206, and to his "prison-house" 459; his resources contrasted with Bābur's 480; his treasure at an end (935) 617; his mother q.v. s.n. mother; his son sent to Kāmrān's charge in Qandahār (933) 544; [♰932 AH.-1526 AD.].

+Ibrāhīm Sārū+ Mīnglīgh Beg—Chāpūk—particulars [Author's Note] 52; disloyal to Bābur (900) 52; besieged and submits 53; receives Shīrāz (902) 66; remains with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; on service (904) 101, 106; his man holds fast in Aūsh 107; plundered by `Alī-dost (905) 119; waits on Bābur 125; one of three Ibrāhīms killed at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 139, 141; his brother Samad q.v.; his good bowman 66; [♰906 AH.-1501 AD.].

+Ibrāhīm Sulṯān Mīrzā+ Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Shāh-rukh—his rule in Shīrāz, death and successor (838) 20; referred to 85; [♰838 AH.-1414-5 AD.].

+Ibrāhīm T̤aghāī Beg+ Begchīk, brother of Ayūb—wounded and nicknamed Chāpūk (902) 67; leaves Bābur (903) 86; in Akhsī with Bāyazīd Itārachī (908) 171; sent against Pāp ib.; arrests Bāyazīd 173-4; wounded but fights for Bābur 174; soon falls behind in the flight from Akhsī 176; in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334; holds Balkh for Bābur (923) 463 n. 3; sent as Bābur's envoy to Aūzbeg Khāns and Sulṯāns (935) 643.

+Ibrāhīm Tarkhān+ Arghūn—serving Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (901) 58; holding Shīrāz (906) 130; reinforces Bābur 131; one of three Ibrāhīms killed at Sar-i-pul 140-1; his brother Aḥmad q.v.; [♰906 AH.-1501 AD.].

Qāẓī +Ikhtiyār+—particulars 285; waits on Bābur and examines the Bāburī script (912) 285; is instructed in the exposition of the Qorān by Shaibānī (913) 329; [♰928 AH.-1521 AD.].

+Ilīās Khān+, see Rustam.

Shāh +`Imād+ Shīrāzī—brings Bābur friendly letters from two amīrs of Hind (932) 463.

+`Imādu'd-dīn Mas`ūd+—an envoy of Jahāngīr Mīrān-shāhī to Tramontane clans (911-912) 296.

+`Imādu'l-mulk+, a slave—strangles Sikandar Gujrātī (932) 535.

+Imām-i-muḥammad+—Bābur's company drink at his house (925) 418; his master Khwāja Muḥammad-amīn q.v.

+Īsān+, see Aīsān.

+Isḥāq Ātā+ (Father Isaac)—his tomb in Turkistān 159.

+Iskandar+, see Sikandar.

+Islīm+ Barlās—particulars 276.

+Ismā`īl+ chilma, see Chilma.

+Isma`īl Khān+ Jilwānī (not Jalwānī)—with `Ālam Khān Lūdī (932) 456; deserts him 457; writes dutifully to Bābur 464; speaks of waiting on him (934?) 680; does it (935) 677, 679.

+Ismā`īl Khān+ Yūsuf-khail Lūdī, son of `Alī—parleys with Bābur at Milwat (932) 459; deported 461.

+Ismā`īl Mītā+—Naṣrat Shāh's envoy to Bābur (935) 640-1, 664-5.

+Ismā`īl+ Ṣafawī `Arab, Shāh of Persia—reference to his capture of `Irāq (cir. 906) 280, 336; gives refuge to a fugitive Bāī-qarā (913) 327 n. 5; ☛ hostilities begin between him and Shaibānī (915) 350; defeats Shaibānī at Merv (916) 18, 318, ☛ 350; sends Khān-zāda back to Bābur 18, 352; ☛ asked by Bābur for reinforcement (917) 352-4; ☛ his alliance dangerous for Bābur 355; ☛ indication of his suzerain relation with Bābur 355; ☛ a principal actor in the lacuna years from 926-930, 427; ☛ his relations with Shāh Beg Arghūn 430; relations with Bābur (927) 433-4; ☛ his death after defeat (930) 443; ☛ Lord Bacon on his personal beauty 443 n. 1; his son T̤ahmāsp q.v.; his (presumed) Bāī-qarā disciple in Shī`a heresy 262; [♰930 AH.-1524 AD.].

+Ja`far Khwāja+, son of Mahdī Khwāja and step-son of Bābur's sister Khān-zāda—fills his father's place in Etāwa (933) 579, 582; sent to collect boats (934) 598; pursues Bīban and Bāyazīd (935) 682.

+Jahāngīr+ Barlās, son of Ibrāhīm and a Badakhshī Begīm (T.R. trs. p. 108)—particulars 273; joint-governor of Kābul for Abū-sa`īd 270, 273.

+Jahāngīr Mīrzā+ Barlās Turk, eldest son of Tīmūr—named in Abū-sa`īd's genealogy 14; is given Samarkand by Tīmūr 85; his tomb in Kesh 83; his son Muḥammad 78, 85; [♰776 AH.-1374-5 AD.].

+Jahāngīr Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of `Umar Shaikh and Fāṯima Mughūl—particulars 17; sent (a child) to reinforce an uncle (cir. 895) and then betrothed 48, 189; comes to Andijān after his father's death (899) 32; Mughūl support for him against Bābur (900) 43-4, (903) 87-8, (904) 101; joins Taṃbal 103; a "worry" 104; defeated at Khūbān (905) 113; waits on Bābur 119; summoned for a Samarkand expedition 122; reinforces Bābur (906) 138; a gift to him from the exiled Bābur (907) 150; joins Bābur (908) 173; acts against Bābur's wishes 173-4; flees in panic 174-5; rumoured a prisoner 176; ☛ his occupation of Khujand (909?) 182; Bābur rejects advice to dismiss him (910) 191; deference to him from Khusrau Shāh 193; his part in occupying Kābul 198, 199; receives Ghaznī 227; out with Bābur 233-4, 235-6, 239; rejects counsel to betray him 239; is Bābur's host in Ghaznī 240; his experiences in an earthquake (911) 247; insists on a move for Qalāt-i-ghilzāī 248; waits on Bābur and does service 252-3; his misconduct 254; causes Bābur to mobilize his troops 255; goes to Yaka-aūlāng (912) 294; the clans not supporting him, he goes to Herī with Bābur 295-6; at social gatherings 298, 302; defeats his half-brother Nāṣir 321; his death 331 n. 3, 345; his widow brings their son Pīr-i-muḥammad to Bābur (913) 331; [♰912 or 913 AH.-1507-8 AD.].

Nūru'ddin Muḥammad +Jahāngīr Pādshāh+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Akbar—his work in Bābur's burial-ground 710; words of his made clear by Bābur's 501 n. 6; mentioned concerning the tamghā 553 n. 1; [♰1037 AH.-1627 AD.].

+Jahāngīr+ Turkmān—revolts in Badakhshān against the Aūzbegs (910) 242; keeping his head up (913) 340.

+Jahān-shāh+ Barlās, son of Chakū—mentioned in his son Muḥammad Barandūq's genealogy 270.

+Jahān-shah Mīrzā+ Barānī, Qarā-qūīlūq Turkmān—ruling in Tabrīz while Yūnas Chaghatāī stayed there 20; his sons defeated by the Āq-qūīlūq (872) 49; his son Muḥammadī's wife Pasha 49; [♰872 AH.-1467-8 AD.].

Rāī +Jāīpal+ Lāhorī—a legend of his siege of Ghaznī 219; [♰cir. 392 AH.-1002 AD.].

Rāja +Jāī-singh+ Jāīpūrī—his astronomical instruments 79 n. 4; [♰1156 AH.-1743 AD.].

+Jalāl Khān+ Jig-hat—waits on `Ālam Khān Lūdī (932) 456 and n. 4; his house in Dihlī Bābur's quarters 476; his son `Ālam Khān Kālpī q.v.

+Jalāl Khān+ Lūdī, son of`Ālam Khān—deserts his father (932) 457; in the left wing at Kānwa (933) 567 (where for "Jamāl" read Jalāl).

+Jalāl+ Tāshkīndī—brings Bābur news of Bīban and Bāyazīd (935) 685.

+Jalālu'd-dīn Maḥmūd+ nāī—a flautist, heard in Herāt (912) 303.

Sulṯān +Jalālu'd-dīn+ Nūḥānī—Jalāl Khān, son of Bihār Khān and Dūdū—one of three competitors for rule (935) 651 n. 5; writes dutifully to Bābur 659; news of his and his mother's coming 664; waits on Bābur 676; receives revenue from Bihār 676.

Maulānā +Jalālu'd-dīn+ Pūrānī—origin of his cognomen 306; his descendant Jamālu'd-dīn Abū-sa`īd Pūrān q.v.; [♰862 AH.-1458 AD.].

Sulṯān +Jalālu'd-dīn+ Sharqī, son of Ḥusain Shāh—waits on Bābur (935) 651; particulars 651 n. 5; his man abandons Benares 652; entertains Bābur 652; his son styled Sulṯān ib.; his gift of a boat to Bābur 663; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669; on service 678.

Shaikh +Jamāl+ Bārīn Mughūl—his son(?) Shaikh `Alī q.v.

Shaikh +Jamāl+ Farmūlī Afghān—deserts `Ālam Khān (932) 457; serving Bābur (933) 551.

Shaikh +Jamālī+—at a feast (935) 631; conveys encouragement to Dūdū Bībī 665-6.

Shaikh +Jamālu'd-dīn Abū-sa`īd+ Pūrān—particulars 306 n. 2; ill-treated by Shaibānī (913) 306 n. 2, 328; [♰921 AH.-1515 AD.].

Shaikh +Jamālu'd-dīn+ khar, Arghūn—captor of Yūnas Khān and Aīsān-daulat Begīm (T.R. trs. p. 94) —slain 35; [♰877 AH.-1472-3 AD.].

Mīr +Jamālu'd-dīn+ muḥaddas̤—particulars 284; [living 934-7 AH.-1527-31 AD.].

Shaikh +Jāmī+—ancestor of Akbar's mother 623 n. 8.

+Jāmī+, see `Abdu'r-raḥmān Jāmī.

+Jamshīd+, (an ancient ruler of Persia)—mentioned 85, 152.

Mīr +Jān-aīrdī+, retainer of Ẕū'n-nūn Arghūn—sells provisions to Bābur (912) 308.

+Jānak+—recites in Turkī (912) 304.

+Jānaka Kūkūldāsh+, (or Khānika)—escapes after Sār-i-pul (906) 141.

+Jān-i-`alī+—murdered by Shaibānī (906) 127, 128; [♰906 AH.-1500 AD.].

+Jān Beg+—in charge of impedimenta (932) 458; allowed leave for a raid 464; in a night-attack 471; in the left wing at Pānīpat 472 and at Kānwa (933) 567 (here Jān-i-muḥammad Beg Ātāka); on service (935) 682 (here Jānī Beg).

Mīr +Jān+ Dīwān—his house in Qandahār reserved as loot for Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī (913) 338.

+Jānī Beg+ Dūldāī Barlās Turk—particulars 37 (where nn. 2 and 3 should be reversed).

+Jānī Beg Sulṯān Khān+ Aūzbeg-Shabān Chīngīz-khānid—his two Mīrān-shāhī marriages of conquest 18, 35; fights for Shaibānī at Sār-i-pūl (906) 139 (where read Jānī Beg Sulṯān); he and his sons at Jām (935) 622; flees to Merv 636 n. 2.

+Jān-i-ḥasan+, Bārīn Mughūl—sent to reinforce Bābur (903) 92, (908) 161, 170.

+Jān-i-nāṣir+—answers a call-to-arms (925) 408.

Mīr +Jān+ Samarkandī—his distasteful singing (912) 303.

+Jān-wafā Mīrzā+—serving Shaibānī in Samarkand (906) 131; escapes on Bābur's success 133.

Barlās +Jūkī+—brings Bābur good news, a live Aūzbeg, and a head (925) 408.

+Jūha Sulṯān+ Taklū,Governor of Ispahān—with T̤ahmāsp Ṣāfawī on the battle-field of Jām (935) 635.

+Jūjī Khān+ Chīngīz-khānid—a Qāzzāk descendant mentioned 23.

Muḥammad +Jūkī Mīrzā+ Shah-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of `Abdu'l-laṯīf (♰854)—mentioned as besieged by Abū-sa`īd Mīrān-shāhī 24; [♰868 AH.-1463-4 AD.].

Sulṯān +Junaid+ Barlās (or Junīd)—particulars 276; his sons Niẕāmu'd-dīn `Alī Khalīfa and Junaid q.v.

Sulṯān +Junaid+ Barlās (or Junīd), son of the last-entered—incites an attempt on Samarkand (900) 52, 111; serving Bābur (932) 460, 468, 471; in the left wing at Pānīpat 472; sent to help in occupying Dihlī 475; given Dūlpūr 530-1; posted in Jūnpūr (933) 544; in Kharīd (935) 637 and n. 1; joins Bābur late and is not received 667; gives local information 668; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669; on service 679, 682 and n. 2; his wife Shahr-bānū Mīrān-shāhī q.v.

+Kābulī Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrīd, Barlās Turk—abandoned by her husband Badī`u'z-zamān Bāī-qarā and captured by Shaibānī (913) 328.

+Kahil+ ṣaḥib-i-qadam—gives his horse to Bābur (908) 174.

Pahlawān +Kalāl+—wrestles (935) 650.

+Kalāntar of Dikh-kat+ (var. kālāntar and kīlāntar)—his house used by Bābur (907) 150; his aged mother's story ib.

+Kalīmu'l-lāh Shāh+ Bahminī Afghān—ruling the Dakkhin (932) 482.

+Kal-qāshūq+—put to retaliatory death (903) 73.

Sayyid +Kāmal+—serving Khusrau Shāh (903) 96 (where for "Qasīm" read Kāmal).

+Kamāl Khān+ Sāhū-khail Lūdī Afghān, son of `Ālam Khān—in the left wing at Kānwa (933) 567.

+Kamāl Khwāja+—his birth-place Khujand 8; [♰803 AH.-1400-1 AD.].

+Kamāl+ sharbatchī—in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 335.

Pahlawān Khwāja +Kamālu'd-dīn+ Badakhshī—in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 566.

Khwāja +Kamālu'd-dīn Ḥusāin+ Gāsur-gāhī—particulars 280, 281; sent as envoy to Shaibānī (904) 145.

Khwāja +Kamālu'd-dīn Maḥmūd+, retainer of Ismā`īl Ṣafawī—☛ with Bābur after the defeat at Ghaj-davān (919) 362-3; [♰cir. 919 AH.-1514 AD.].

+Kamālu'd-dīn+ Qīāq (var.)—lays before Bābur complaint of the begs of the Balkh frontier (935) 649.

+Kāmrān Mīrza+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Bābur and Gul-rukh Begchīk—☛ the date of his birth App. J, xxxv; ☛ taken on the Transoxus campaign (916-920) 358; carried in haste to meet his father (920) 395; joins his father 417; ☛ the Mubīn written for his instruction (928) 438; ☛ left in charge of Kābul and Qandahār (932) App. J, xxxv; a letter from Bābur to him ib. and App. L, xliii; his copy of the Bābur-nāma App. J, xxxv-vi; gifts sent to him (932) 460, 522, 642; put in charge of Ibrāhīm Lūdī's son (933) 544; ☛ of his transfer to Multār (934-5) ☛ 604, 605 n. 3, 645; of his proceedings in Kābul 618; his marriage to a cousin 619; the Wālidiyyah-risāla, Hindustān Poems and specimens of the Bāburī script sent to him 642; heads of a letter to him 645, 646; ☛ meets Humāyūn in Kābul (935) 696; ☛ meets Bābur in Lāhor (936) 699; ☛ of his governments 699; ☛ later action in Multān and Lāhor (938) (which read for 935) 699; ☛ visits his father's tomb near Āgra (946) 709; [♰964 AH.-1556 AD.].

+Kankū+ or Gangū—killed at Kānwa 573; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

+Karīm-bīrdī+—on Bābur's service (935) 661.

+Karīm-dād+ Turkmān—at a household party (906) 131; escapes from Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 141; one of four fighting with Bābur (908) 166, 396; reprieved from a death sentence (914) 345.

+Karm-chand+—acting for Ḥasan Mewatī (933) 545, 578; asks peace from Bābur for Ḥasan's son Nāhar 578.

+Kārm Singh+—killed at Kānwa 573; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

+Rāja Karna+ Gūālīārī, (or, Kirtī), Tūnwar Rājpūt—his buildings in Gūālīār 608 n. 3.

+Khadīja Āghā+, and later, Begīm, mistress of Abū-sa`īd Mīrān-shāhī, wife of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 262, 268; her dominance 268, 292; visited in Herī by Bābur (912) 301; at an entertainment to him 302; a suspicion against her 302 n. 1; captured by Shaibānī (913) 327; given for a traitor to loot 328; her daughter Āq Begīm and sons Shāh-i-gharīb and Muẓaffar-i-ḥusain q.v.

+Khadija-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Abū'sa`īd—(probably) seen by Bābur in Herī (912) 301; Bābur visits her near Āgra (934) 588 and in Āgra Fort (935) 606, 616.

+Khaldār+ Yāragī Mughūl, son of Ḥaidar Kūkūldāsh—fights for Bābur at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) (906) 139.

+Khalīfa+, see Niẕamu'd-dīn `Alī Barlās.

+Khalīl+ chuhra—a brave who fought well for Bābur (904) 101.

+Khalīl+ dīwāna—on Aūzūn Ḥasan's service (904) 102 (where for "Dīwān" read dīwāna).

Sulṯān +Khalīl Mīrzā+, Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Mīrān-shāh—mentioned 262 n. 2; [♰814 AH.-1411-2 AD.].

Sulṯān +Khalīl Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī (ut supra), son of Abū-sa`īd—his daughter sole wife of Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī 112.

+Khalīl Sulṯān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Aḥmad, (Alacha Khān), full brother of Sa`īd—his son Bābā Sulṯān q.v.

+Khalīl Sulṯān+ Itārajī Mughūl, brother of Aḥmad Taṃbal—holding Māḏū for Taṃbal (905) 109; captured ib., and released 119; surprises Aūsh 125; helps Bābur against Shaibānī (906) 138; killed at Sar-i-pul 141; [♰906 AH.-1501 AD.].

+Khalwī+ pīāda (or Khalwā)—his spear-head bitten off by a tiger (925) 393.

The +Khatīb of Qarshī+—an envoy to Bābur (910) 188.

+Khān-i-jahān+, see Fatḥ Khān Sarwānī.

+Khān-i-jahān+, a "pagan"—opposes Bābur (933) 539.

+Khān-qulī+, son of Bīān-qulī—leaves Bābur in Samarkand (903) 86; at a household party (906) 131 (where read Khān-qulī for "Khān-i-qulī"); gives ground for suspicion (907) 156; one of eight in the flight from Akhsī (908) 176, 177; in the right-centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Khān-zāda Begīm (1)+, Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Maḥmūd—particulars 48.

+Khān-zāda Begīm (2)+, ut supra, daughter of Maṣ`ūd and Sa`ādat-bakht—particulars 267; visited by Bābur near Āgra (935) 616.

+Khān-zāda Begīm (3)+, ut supra, daughter of `Umar Shaikh and Qūtlūq-nigār—particulars 17; her marriage with Shaibānī (907) 18, 147, ☛ 184; her divorce and remarriage with Sayyid Hādī Khwāja 352 [Ḥ.S. iii], 364; her reunion with Bābur (916) 18, 352, 356; her marriage with Mahdī Khwāja q.v.; her summons to Hindūstān (935) 647; his son Khurram Shāh q.v.; [♰952 AH.-1545 AD.].

+Khān-zādā Begīm (4)+, Tīrmīẕī, wife of Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī—particulars 48; her son Mas`ūd q.v.; her niece 48.

+Khān-zāda Begīm (5)+, Tīrmīẕī, niece of the above, wife of Maḥmūd—particulars 48, 9; her son Ḥusain q.v.; her five daughters 47-8.

+Khān-zāda Begīm (6)+, Tīrmīẕī, wife of Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī—particulars 37; Bābur, a child, pulls off her wedding veil (893) 37.

+Khān-zāda Khānīm+ Ḥājī-tarkhānī, daughter of Aḥmad and Badī`u'l-jamāl (Badka)—particulars 258 n. 2, 329; illegally married by Shaibānī (913) 329; her husband Muzaffar-i-ḥusain Bāī-qarā q.v.

+Khawānd Shāh Amīr+, ("Mirkhond"), author of the Rauzatu'ṣ-ṣafā—omitted (or lost) from Bābur's list of Herāt celebrities 283 n. 1; [♰903 AH.-1498 AD.].

+Khiẓr Khwāja Khān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—mentioned in Yūnas Khān's genealogy 19.

Khwāja +Khiẓr+ Nūḥānī, a merchant—killed by a Mughūl (910) 235 (where for "Lūḥānī" read Nūḥānī).

+Khūb-nīgār Khānīm+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, daughter of Yūnas and Aīsān-daulat—particulars 21, 22; her death announced to Bābur (907) 148, 149; her rebel husband forgiven for her sake (912) 319; her husband Muḥammad Ḥusain Dūghlāt, their son Ḥāidar and daughter Ḥabība q.v.; [♰907 AH.-1501-2 AD.].

+Khudā-bakhsh+ Chaghatāī, retainer, (1) of Khusrau Shāh, (2) of Bābur—in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334; rebels against Bābur (914) 345.

+Khudāī-bīrdī Beg+ tūghchī, Mughūl—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; made a beg and on service 110; killed at Sar-i-pul 141; [♰906 AH.-1501 AD.].

+Khudāī-bīrdī+ būqāq, Mughūl—killed at Asfara (900) 53 (here ātākām, my guardian); his favour from Bābur 105; his son Qulī chūnāq q.v.; [♰900 AH.-1495 AD.].

+Khudāī-bīrdī+ tūghchī Tīmūr-tāsh—made `Umar Shaikh's Lord-of-the-Gate (cir. 870) 14; particulars 24-5; [♰a few years after 870 AH.-1466 AD.].

+Khurram Shāh+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān, Chīngīz-khānid, son of Shaibānī and Khān-zāda—particulars 18; [♰a few years after 916 AH.-1510-11 AD.].

+Khūsh-kīldī+ Mughūl—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Khusrau+, an ancient ruler of Persia—mentioned in a couplet 85.

+Khusrau+ Gāgīānī—waits on Bābur (910) 230 (where insert his name in the last line); taken as a guide 231.

+Khusrau Kūkūldāsh+—at a household party (906) 131 (where insert his name after that of Shaikh Darwesh); captured by Taṃbal (908) 168; rejoins Bābur (913) 330-1; in the right centre at Qandahār 335; out with Bābur (925) 377, 403; an enquiry 405; ☛ posted in Sīālkot (930) 442; seeming still to hold it (932) 453; on service 465, 471; in the van at Pānīpat 472; in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 566, 568; given Alūr (Alwar) by mistake 578; sent against Balūchīs (935) 638; at social gatherings 385-7-8.

Amīr Khwāja +Khusrau+ Lāchīn Turk—a couplet of his quoted 503; [♰725 AH.-1325 AD.].

+Khusrau Shāh+ Turkistānī, Qībchāq Turk, —particulars 49-50; takes Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī (æt. 17) to Ḥiṣār (cir. 873) 46-7; referred to as a rival 50; his tolerance of Ḥiṣārī ill-conduct (899) 41-2; expelled from Samarkand on Maḥmūd's death (900) 51-2; opposes Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (901) 57, 60-1; his rise helped by Bāī-qarā failures 61; supports Mas`ūd Mīrān-shāhī 64; falls out with him 71, 93; blinds him (903) 95; defeats Badī`u'-zamān Bāī-qarā 60-1; re-equips him defeated by his father (902) 70; receives well the fugitive Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī (903) 74; makes him pādshāh in Ḥiṣār 93; strangles him (905) 110; a fugitive Tarkhān goes to him (906) 120, 141; his niggardliness to Bābur 129, 130; gives him no help against Shaibānī 138, ☛ 183; Qāsim Beg quchīn takes refuge with him (907) 27; his position less secure (910) 188; followers of his join Bābur 189, 192, 196, 227 n. 3; invited to co-operate with the Tīmūrid Mīrzās against Shaibānī 190; takes the Kābul road on Bābur's approach 192, 244; offers him service 192; the interview of his submission 193-4; allowed to go towards Khurāsān 194, 195; breaks his pact and is put to flight 197, 243; gets sensible counsel in Herāt 243; makes trouble for Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī in Badakhshān 244-5; beheaded at Qūndūz by the Aūzbegs 244; good results from his death for Bābur 245; Bābur's reflections on the indiscipline of his followers 199, 230 n. 5, 239, 244-5; his former following rebels (914) 335; his brothers Walī and Bāqī, and nephew Aḥmad-i-qāsim q.v.; [♰910 AH.-1505 AD.].

+Khwāja Chishtī+ var. Ḥusaini—at a feast (935) 631.

`Abdu'l-lāh +Khwājagān-khwāja+, fifth son of `Ubaidu'l-lāh Aḥrarī—his son `Abdu'sh-shahīd 653 n. 4.

+Khwājakā Khwāja+, Muḥammad-i-`ubaidu'l-lāh, eldest son of Aḥrarī—protects Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī in the Tarkhān rebellion (901) 62 (where, erroneously, "Khwājakī"); becomes his spiritual guide 63; visited in Farkat by Bābur (907) 149; his brother Yaḥyā q.v.

+Khwāja Kalān+, descendant of `Ubaidu'l-lāh Āḥrarī—☛ a likely recipient of the Mubīn 438, 631 n. 3 (where for "son" read grandson of Yaḥyā); at a feast in Āgra (935) 631; gifts and leave given 632, 641-2; a copy of Bābur-nāma writings sent to him 653.

Mīr +Khwāja Kalān+, son of Maulānā Muḥammad Ṣadru'd-dīn—receives Bajaur (925) 370; particulars 370 n. 2; prisoners pardoned at his request 371; out with Bābur 372; returns to Bajaur 376; is recalled on grounds given (926) 422-3; joins Bābur for Hindūstān (932) 447; on service 465-6; in the right wing at Pānīpat 472; helps to secure Āgra 475; of his leaving Hindūstān 520, 531; his offending couplet about leaving, and Bābur's reply 525-6; has charge of Kābul and Ghaznī 524; conveys money to repair the Ghaznī dam 219, 524 n. 2, 647 n. 1; Bābur's various writings sent to him, quatrains (925) 372, (932) 525-6, (935) the Wālidiyyah-risāla and Hindūstān poems 642 —letters (925) 411, (935) 604, 618 n. 2, quoted 645-8; commended to Humāyūn as a friend 627; a letter of his mentioned 644; wine parties in his house (925) 371-2, 375; has Ghaznī wine at Milwat (932) 461; urged to renounce wine 648; tells Bābur of a fruitful orange-tree (935) 510, cf. 483 n. 2; ☛ quotation from his ode on Bābur's death 709.

`Abdu'l-lāh +Khwāja Maulānā-i-qāzī+—particulars 29, 89-90; supports Bābur (899) 30; chases off an invader 32; confers with other well-wishers of the boy (900) 43; mediates for Ibrāhīm Sārū 53, for Aūrgūtīs (902) 68; envoy to Aūzūn Ḥasan (903) 87; open-handed to Bābur's followers 88; entreats him to save Andijān 88-9; Mīr Mughūl aids him in its defence 122; hanged by Taṃbal and Aūzūn Ḥasan 89; `Alī-dost fears retaliation for his death (905) 119; his right guidance recalled by Bābur (912) 303; [♰903 AH.-1498 AD.].

+Khwājakī Mullā-i-ṣadr+, son of Maulānā Muḥammad Ṣadru'd-dīn, and elder brother of Khwāja Kalān—particulars 67; killed near Yām 67; [♰902 AH.-1497 AD.].

+Khwāja Mīr-i-mīrān+—speaks boldly at Akhsī (908) 174; in charge of baggage camels (925) 376, 377, and of Bābur's camp 389, 391; Bābur halts near his Lamghān village (926) 424; given charge of Daulat Khān Yūsuf-khail (932) 459-60; in the left-centre at Pānīpat 973; entrusted with gifts for Kābul 525.

+Khwāja Mīr Sulṯān+—he and his son receive gifts (935) 632.

+Khwānd-amīr+, grandson of Khāwand Shāh Amīr ("Mīrkhond") —☛ associated with Muḥammad-i-zamān Bāī-qarā (923) 364-5, 463 n. 3; fleeced by Shaibānī's order (913) 328 n. 2; his discomforts in Herāt 617 n. 2; waits on Bābur (935) 605; Bābur invites him in verse 693; completes the Ḥabību's-siyar while at Tīr-mūhānī with Bābur 687 n. 3; his omission (or loss) from Bābur's list of Herāt celebrities 283 n. 1; his and Bābur's varied choice of details 328 n. 2; ☛ his patron Amīr Ghiyās̤u'd-dīn and nephew Ghiyās̤u'd-dīn 436; [♰942 AH.-1535 AD.].

Khwāja +Khwānd-sa`īd+—Bābur visits his tomb (925) 407.

Mīr +Khāwand+—Shāh Amīr ("Mīrkhond")—author of the Rauzatu'ṣ-ṣafā, grandfather of Khwānd-amīr—his omission (or loss) from Bābur's list of Herāt celebrities 283 n. 1; [♰903 AH.-1498 AD.].

+Kīchīk `Alī+—his courage (908) 176; made prisoner (933) 557, 576; shiqdār of Koel 176.

+Kīchīk Bāqī+ dīwāna—suspended (911) 248; killed at Qalāt-i-ghilzāī 248; [♰911 AH.-1505 AD.].

+Kīchīk Begīm+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain and Pāyanda-sulṯān—refused in marriage to Mas`ūd Mīrān-shāhī 265; "afterwards" marries Multā Khwāja 266.

+Kīchīk Khwāja+—on `Askarī's service (935) 681, 682.

+Kīchīk Khwāja Beg+, son of Maulānā Muḥammad Ṣadru'd-dīn and elder brother of Khwāja Kalān—in the left wing at Khūbān (905) 113; killed at Qalāt-i-ghilzāī 248; [♰911 AH.-1505 AD.].

+Kīchīk Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Aḥmad (Mīrzā Sayyidī) and Ākā Bāī-qarā—particulars 257.

+Kīchkīna+ tunqṯār—sent with orders to Tramontane begs (925) 406.

+Kīpa+ and +Kīpīk+, see Kūpūk.

Rāja +Kirtī+ Gūālīārī, see Karna.

+Kītīn-qarā Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg—in Balkh (932) 545-6; at Jām (935) 622 (where in n. 1 read 935 for "934"); makes complaint to Bābur 649, 645 n. 1.

+Kitta Beg+ Kohbur Chaghatāī, son of Sayyidī Qarā—convoys Yūsuf-khail chiefs to Bhīra (932) 461; on Bābur's service 465-6, 468, 528, (933) 545, (935) 638; wounded at Bīāna (933) 548.

+Kitta Māh+ and +Kīchīk Māh+, slaves of Muz̤affar-i-ḥusain Bāī-qarā—offend Bābur by their performance (912) 304.

+Kūchūm Khān Sulṯān+—Kūchkūnjī—Aūzbeg-Shaibān, Chīnqīz-khānid—particulars 632 n. 3; ☛ his force gathered at Qarshī (917) 353; ☛ a principal actor between 926 and 932 AH. 427; his position in relation to `Ubaidu'l-lāh (935) 618 n. 6; in the battle of Jām 622; various accounts of his escape or death 623, 636; his envoy to Bābur 631, 632; his sons Abū-sa`īd and Pulād q.v.; [♰937 AH.-1530-1 AD.].

+Kūkī-i+ +Bābā Qāshqa+, see Hājī Muḥammad Khān Kūkī.

+Kūkī+, paternal-uncle of the last-entered (A.N.)—on Bābur's service (934) 589, (935) 674, 679; in the battle of the Ghogrā 673; [♰940 AH.-1553 AD.?].

+Kūpuk Beg+, var. Kīpik, Kīpa (hunchbacked)—in Bābur's service (910) 237; promoted (911) 253; frost-bitten (912) 311; in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; envoy to Mīrzā Khān (925) 405.

+Kūpuk Bī+ Aūzbeg var. ut supra—blamed for three murders (906) 128; given Khwārizm by Shaibānī (911) 256; his son Qaṃbar-i-`alī q.v.

+Kūpuk Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā, Muḥammad Muḥsin, son of Ḥusain and Laṯīf-sulṯān—parentage 262; defeated by his father (904) 260; does not join his brothers against Shaibānī (912) 296-7; defeated and killed 329-30; [♰913 AH.-1507 AD.].

Sayyid +Lāchīn+—bearer of an urgent message from Bābur (932) 453.

Ḥaẓrat +Lām+, (Lāmak, Lāmakān), father of Noah—his reputed tomb, 210.

+Langar Khān+ Janjūha—on Bābur's service (925) 380, 381, 388-9, 412; one of a raft-party 385; waits on Bābur 391, 411.

+Langar Khān+ Nīazāī Afghān—one of a raft-party (925) 412; waits on Bābur (926) 421.

+Laṯīf Begīm+ Dūldāī Barlās Turk—particulars 37 (where for "916" read 917 AH.).

+Laṯīf-sulṯān Āghācha+ Chār-shaṃba'ī, a mistress of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 269; her sons Abū'l-muḥsin and Kūpuk q.v.; [♰before 911 AH.-1506 AD.].

+Lope de Vega+—a popular use of his name resembling one of Nawā'ī's 287 n. 3.

+Luṯfī Beg+—measures the Ganges-bank on Bābur's journey (933) 659.

+Maghfūr+, see Faghfūr.

+Māh-afrūz+—married by Kāmrān (934) 619 n. 1.

+Mah-chūchūq+ Arghūn, daughter of Muqīm and Zarīf—marries Qāsim Kūkūldāsh (913) 342, 199 n. 1, ☛ 365; their daughter Nahīd q.v.; [♰cir. 975 AH.-1568 AD.].

+Mahdī Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg, the constant associate (brother?) of Ḥamza—defeated by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (901) 58; enters Bābur's service 59; deserts 64; defeats `Alī Mīrān-shāhī and goes back to Shaibānī 65; his Mughūls are disloyal to Bābur (904) 105; serving Shaibānī (906) 131; at Sar-i-pul 139; at Ḥiṣār (910) 244; ☛ retires before Bābur (916) 352; defeated and killed by him at Pul-i-sangīn (917) 18, 37, 262, 353, 354; his Mīrān-shāhī wife 36; his sons at Jām (935) 622; [♰917 AH.-1511-12 AD.].

+Mahdī-Sulṯān+ Auzbeg-Shaibān?—his identity discussed 264 n. 1; his son `Ādil and grandson `Āqil q.v.

Sayyid +Mahdī Khwāja+, son of Mūsa Khwāja and third husband of Bābur's sister Khān-zāda—Bābur's dīwān-begī (916-7) 704 n. 3; ☛ dissuades Muḥammad-i-zamān from accepting Bābur's invitation to Kābul (after 920) 364; on Bābur's service (932) 468, 471; in the left wing at Pānīpat 472, 473; commands troops sent to seize Dihlī 475; gifts made to him 527; given Etāwa 530; orders changed 531; serves as an escort (933) 534, 537; given Bīāna 539; sends news of Sangā's approach 544; joins Bābur quickly 548; in the left wing at Kānwa 567; given leave for Kābul 579; host to Bābur near Etāwa (935) 644; waits on him returning to Āgra 686; displeases him 688 n. 2, 704 n. 2; summoned to Court 689; later particulars 644 n. 4, 688 n. 2, ☛ 692; ☛ discussion of a plan to make him Pādshāh 703-7; ☛ his name may be a gloss in the story 705; his son Ja`far q.v.; his inscribed slab at Amīr Khusrau's tomb 704 n. 1; his surmised Tīrmīzī descent 704; his relation or servant Mīr Muḥammad (925) 381.

+Māhīm Begīm+, wife of Bābur—particulars 344 n. 3, 711, ☛ 712, 714; ☛ with Bābur during the Transoxus campaign (916-920) 358; adopts Hind-āl (925) 374, 385, ☛ 715, App. L; ☛ visits Humāyūn in Badakhshān (928) 436; goes to Āgra (935) 640 n. 2, 650 n. 2, 665, 686-7, 689 n. 2, 690; ☛ her influence probably misused on Humāyūn 694, 707; meets him, sick, in Muttra (937) 701-2; ☛ her care of Bābur's Āgra tomb (937) 709; [♰940 AH.-1533-4 AD.].

Sayyid +Maḥmūd+ Aūghlāqchī, Mughūl—forced to go on foot (910) 239.

+Maḥmūd Beg+ Nūndākī, Barlās Turk—particulars 51; defends Ḥiṣār against Abā-bikr Mīrān-shāhī ( 873) 51, and against Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (901) 58; negociates with Ḥusain 61.

Sultān +Maḥmūd+ Dūldāī Barlās Turk—expelled from Andijān (900) 44; turns informer (905) 125.

Mulla +Maḥmūd+ Farābī, associated with Khalīfa—reads the Qorān to Bābur (925) 401; rebukes a jest at Khalīfa's expense 416; reads the Khuṯba first for Bābur in Dihlī (932) 476; reinforces the right wing [tūlghuma] at Kānwa (933) 569; leads the Morning Prayer at Rāprī (935) 643 (where for "Muḥammad" read Maḥmūd).

Sulṯān +Maḥmūd Ghāzī+ Ghaznawī Turk—his humble capital Ghaznī 217, 219; his and his descendants' tombs 218; Dost-i-nāṣir's tomb near his 396; his dam and Bābur's gift from Hindūstān for its repairs 219; Būt-khāk traditionally named from his idol-breaking 409 n. 3; mentioned as a conqueror of Hindūstān 479; contrast made between his position and Bābur's 479; [♰421 AH.-1030 AD.].

Sulṯān +Maḥmūd Khān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, Khāqān of the Mughūls, elder son of Yūnas and Shāh Begīm—succeeds his father (892) 13; his disaster on the Chīr (895) 31, 34, 39; invades Farghāna (899) 13, 31; thought of as a refuge for Bābur 29, (908) 178; retires from Farghāna 32; attempts Samarkand and is defeated (900) 52, 111, (905) 122; takes Aūrā-tīpā (900) 55-6; demands Andijān (903) 87; is visited by Bābur (900) 54, (903) 90, 92, (907 and 908) 153-159; sends help to Bābur (903) 90, 92, (904) 101, (906) 138, 139; his men abandon Bābur (903) 91, 92; he opposes Bābur (905) 115-6, 116; moves out against Taṃbal (907) 154, 156; numbers his army 154; acclaims his standards 155; ceremonies on his meeting his brother Aḥmad (908) 160; goes with him against Taṃbal 161, 168, 171; they number their armies 161; retires to Tāshkīnt 172; defeated at Archīān by Shaibānī (909) 7, 23, ☛ 182-3; his præ-accession sobriquet Khāmka Khān 23; his summer retreat in Farghānā 5; his Mīrān-shāhī marriage (cir. 892) 13, 35; retainers of his 25, 28; former followers, deported (908) by Shaibānī, return after his death (916) 351; Bābur's comment on him as a soldier 91, 157, and as a verse-maker 154; ☛ murdered with five young sons by Shaibānī 350; [♰914 AH.-1509 AD.].

+Māḥmūd Khān+ Lūdī Afghān, son of Sikandar—fights for Sangā at Kānwa (933) 562; reported to have taken Bīhar (935) 639, 675; one of three competitors for rule 651 n. 5; gathers an army to oppose Bābur 651-2; it breaks up 654; is near the Son 658; flees before Bābur's men 662; referred to 664 n. 7, 679 n. 7; on his title Sulṯān 652 nn. 2, 6, 653-4 n. 1; [♰945 AH.-1543 AD.].

+Maḥmūd Khān+ Nūḥānī Afghān —holding a district from Bābur; taken by `Ālam Khān (932) 455, 456; deserts `Ālam Khān; waits on Bābur and given revenue from Ghāzīpūr 527; sent against Etāma 530; waits on Bābur (935) 659; searches for a passage through the Ghogrā 668; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669 (here Ghazīpūrī); receives a grant on Bihār 676; on service against Bīban and Bāyazīd 682.

+Maḥmūd Khān+ shikdār of Sikandarpūr—collects boats for Bābur's passage of the Ghogrā (935) 668.

+Maḥmūd Khān Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid—in the battle of Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) (906) 139; receives Qūndūz (910) 244; his protection sought 196 n. 5; dies 244; [♰910 AH.-1504 AD.].

Sulṯān +Maḥmūd+ Khīlīj Turk, ruler in Mālwā—particulars 482 (where in n. 2 for "Gujrāt" read Mālwā); his territory (916) 593; his jewels (925 and 935) 612-3; thought of by Raḥīm dād as a refuge 688 n. 2 (where for "Muḥammad" read Maḥmūd); [♰937 AH.-1531 AD.].

+Maḥmūd+ kūndūr-sangak, pīāda—killed fighting 68; [♰902 AH.-1497 AD.].

Sulṯān +Maḥmud+ mīr-akhẉur, see Mīrzā Beg fīrmgī-bāz (58 and n. 4).

Sulṯān +Maḥmūd Mīrzā+ Ghāzī, Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Abū-sa`īd—particulars 45-51; defeated by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (865 and 876), 46, 259-60, 268; succeeds his brother Aḥmad (899) 40-1, 86; alienates allegiance 41-2; sends Bābur wedding-gifts (900) 43; his death 27, 45, 50, 52; his family joins Bābur (910) 189; referred to 12 n. 2, 13 n. 5, 190, 194; his Ḥiṣār house 93; [♰900 AH.-1495 AD.].

Sayyid +Maḥmūd Ṣaifī+, Maulānā `Arūẓī—author of the `Arūẓ-i-saifī—tutor of Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī 111.

+Maḥmūd+ Sarwānī, son of Fatḥ Khan Khān-i-jahān—ordered to stay at Court (933) 537.

+Maḥmūd Shāh+ Ilyās—his murder mentioned to illustrate a succession custom of Bengal 483.

Sulṯān +Maḥmūd+ Sharqī, son of Jalālu'd-dīn—Bābur gives him the title of Sulṯān (935) 652.

+Maḥmūd+, son of Muḥammad-i-makhdūmī—beheaded in Badakhshān 242; [♰910 AH.-1504-5 AD.?].

(?) +Mahndī+ (415, 473), or Mindī or Hindī (235, 335)—kills an Afghān trader (910) 235; in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; wine first given to him (925) 415; in the left wing [tūlghuma] at Pānīpat (932) 473.

Khwāja +Majdu'd-dīn Muḥammad+ Khawāfī—particulars 281, 282.

+Makan+ Farmūlī(?) Afghān—not submissive to Bābur (932) 529; sent out of the way before Kānwa (933) 547; his son Ḥasan q.v.

+Makhdūm-i-`ālam+, Naṣrat Shāh's Governor in Ḥājīpūr—his defences on the Gandak (935) 663.

Ḥaẓrat +Makhdūmī Nūrā+—mentioned 641 n. 1.

+Makhdūm-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Maḥmūd and Zuhra—in Badakhshān (cir. 935) 48.

+Makhdūm-sulṯān Begīm+ Qarā-gūz, wife of `Umar Shaikh—particulars 18, 24.

+Malik-dād+ Kararānī (Karānī)—reprieved (932) 477-8; on service (933) 540, 582, (935) 682; in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 557.

+Malik-i-muḥammad Mīrzā+ Mīran-shāhī, nephew of Abū-sa`īd—aspires to rule (899) 41; murdered 41; his wife 47; his house 146; [♰899 AH.-1494 AD.].

+Maliks of Alangār+—their garden a halting-place (926) 424.

+Malik of Fān+—stingy to Bābur (906) 130.

+Malik-qulī+ Kūnārī—Bābur halts at his son's house (926) 423 (where read qulī for "`Alī").

+Malik Sharq+—returns from service (935) 683.

+Mallū Khān+ of Mālwā—his tank at Chanderī 597 n. 8, 598.

+Mamāq Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid, son of Ḥamza—takes service with Bābur (901) 58, 59; ☛ his death 353; [♰917 AH.-1511-2 AD.].

+Māmūm Khalīfa+, `Abbāsī, son of Hārūnu'r-rashīd—his Observatory and Tables, Author's Note 79; [♰218 AH.-833 AD.].

+Mānik-chand+ Chauhān Rājpūt—killed at Kānwa 573; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Rāja +Man-sing+ Gūālīārī, Tūnwar Rājpūt—his buildings 607, 608; his son Bikramājīt q.v.; [♰924 AH.-1518 AD.].

Shāh +Manṣūr+ bakhshī—helps Shaibānī to take Herāt (913) 325; given Khadīja Begīm to loot 326.

Shah +Manṣūr+ Barlās—on service (932) 465-6, 475, 530, (933) 545; in the right centre at Pānīpat (932) 472, 473, and at Kānwa (933) 565, 569; his untimely praise of the Rājpūt army 548, 550.

Sulṯān +Manṣūr Khān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, eldest son of Aḥmad, Alacha Khān—☛ defeats his half-brother Sa`īd (914) 349; ☛ mentioned as Khāqān of the Mughūls, Sa`īd as Khān in Kāshghar 427; [♰950 AH.-1543 AD.].

+Manṣūr Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā, `Umar-shaikhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—mentioned in his son Ḥusain's genealogy 256; his not-reigning 256; his wife Fīrūza and their children 256, 257; his beg Walī q.v.

+Manṣūr+ Turkmān—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

Malik Shāh +Manṣūr+ Yūsuf-zāī Afghān, son of Sulaimān—envoy of his tribe to Bābur (924) 371; his daughter's marriage with Bābur (925) 375, App. K; waits on him 399, 400; his brother T̤aus Khān and cousin Aḥmad q.v.; a follower 377.

+Maqṣūd+ sūchī, shārbatchī, karg—in the left centre at Qandahār (913) 335, 338; his tossing by a rhinoceros (karg) 400.

+Marghūb+ qul—in Mahāwīn (932) 523.

Mīān +Ma`rūf+ Farmūlī Afghān—disaffected to Ibrāhīm and (later) to Bābur (932) 523; his opposition 530; flees 533-4; his son Muḥammad (?) leaves him (934) 598; his sons Muḥammad and Mūsa q.v.

+Ma`rūf+ Yaq`ūb-khaīl Dilah-zāk (Dīlazāk) Afghān—waits on Bābur at `Alī-masjid (925) 394.

Shaikh +Maṣlaḥat+ Khujandī—his birthplace 8; dreamed of by Bābur (906) 132; his tomb visited by Tīmūr (790) 132 n. 2.

+Mastī+ chuhra—deals with a drunken man (925) 415; intoxicated by beer (926) 423.

Sulṯān +Mas`ūd+ Ghaznawī—his tomb 218.

Sulṯān +Mas`ūd Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Maḥmūd and Khān-zāda I—particulars 47, 48; holding Ḥiṣār (900) 52; opposes Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and flees (901) 57-8, 130; one of three besieging Samarkand; retires with his desired Barlās bride 64; quarrels with Khusrau Shāh (902) 71, and with the Ḥiṣār begs (903) 93; takes refuge with Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 93, 95, 261, 265; returns to Khusrau and is blinded by him 95, 50; goes back to Ḥusain 95, 266; mentioned as older than Bāī-sunghar 110; meets Bābur in Ḥerāt (912) 302; murdered by Aūzbegs (913) 267; his wives Ṣāliḥa-sulṯān Mīrān-shāhī, and Sa`ādat-bakht Bāī-qarā q.v.; his betrothed (?) Kīchīk Begīm Bāī-qarā q.v.; [♰913 AH.-1507 AD.].

Sulṯān +Mas`ūd Mīrzā+ Kābulī, Shāh-rukhī, ut supra—particulars 382; his cherished followers, sons of Mīr `Alī Beg q.v.; his son `Alī aṣghar q.v.; [deposed 843 AH.-1439-40 AD.].

Mullā +Mas`ūd+ Sherwānī, of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's Court—no particulars 284.

+Ma`ṣūma-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Aḥmad and Habība-sulṯān, and wife of Bābur—particulars 36, ☛ 711; her marriage arranged (912) 306, ☛ 714; brought from Ḥerāt (913) 330; married 339; dies in child-bed and her name at once given to her child 36; [♰cir. 915 AH.-1509 AD.].

+Ma`ṣūma-sulṯān Begīm+, ut supra, daughter of Bābur and Ma`ṣuma-sulṯān (supra)—her birth 36; with her father in the Transoxus campaign (916-920) 358; her marriage (or betrothal) to Muḥammad-i-zamān Bāī-qarā (923 or 924) 365; gifts made to her servants (935) 633; ☛ in the family-list 705, 706.

+Maulānā Sayyidī+, or Mashhadī—his chronogram on Humāyūn's birth (913) 344.

Shaikh +Mazīd Beg+, Bābur's first guardian—particulars 26, 27; [♰ before 899 AH.-1494 AD.].

Mīr +Mazīd T̤aghāī+ Kūnjī Mughūl, brother or uncle of Aīsān-daulat—takes part in a sally from Samarkand (906) 142; wounded at Akhsī (908) 168; rebels (921) 363, 397; his relations, `Alī-dost, Sherīm, Qul-naẕr q.v.; [♰cir. 923 AH.-1517 AD.].

+Mazīd Beg Tarkhān+ Arghūn, son of Amīr Tarkhān Junaid (Ḥ.S. lith. ed. iii, 359)—his retainer Khusrau Shāh 49; his action in 873 AH. 51; his brother `Āshiq-i-muḥammad q.v.

Shaikh +Mazīd Kūkūldāsh+—envoy of Muḥammad-i-zamān to Bābur (925) 402.

+Medinī Rāo+ var. Mindī etc.—particulars 593 n. 5; his force at Kānwa (933) 562; holding Chanderī (934) 483, 593; Bābur negociates with him 594; his house the scene of a supreme rite 595.

+Mihr-angez Begīm+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—married as a captive (913) 329 n. 1.

+Mihr-bān Khānīm+ (see infra)—gifts to and from Bābur (935) 631, 632, 641; her husband Kūchūm Aūzbeg and their son Pūlād q.v.; a verse seeming to be addressed to her (925) 402.

+Mihr-bānū Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī, half-sister of Bābur (perhaps the Khānīm last entered)—particulars 18.

+Mihr-nigār Khānīm+ Chaghatāī Chingīz-khānid, daughter of Yūnas—particulars 21, 149; joins Bābur in Kābul (911) 246; visited by him after her disloyalty (912) 315; goes to Badakhshān (913) 341; dies a prisoner 21.

+Millī Sūrdūk+—reprieved from death (932) 477, 478.

+Mīnglī Bī Āghācha+, a mistress of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 269; her sons and daughters 262-3, 266.

+Mīnglīk Kūkūldāsh+—leaves Samarkand (907) 147.

+Minūchihr Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, brother of Abū-sa`īd—an attributed descendant 24; his son Malik-i-muḥammad q.v.

+Minūchihr Khān+ Turk—delayed in waiting on Bābur by a forcible marriage (925) 386, 388; on Bābur's service in Bhīra 389; leading Daryā-khānīs (934) 589; his relation Naẕar-i-`alī Turk q.v.

+Mīrak+—entrusted with building work (935) 642.

+Mīrak Kūr Dīwān+ (or Gūr)—in Ālā-qūrghān when Shaibānī took Herāt (913) 328.

+Mīrān-shāh Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Aūlūgh Beg Kābulī—rebels against his father and goes to Khusrau Shāh 95; sent to Bāmīān 96.

+Mīrān-shāh Sulṯān Mīrzā+ Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, 3rd son of Tīmūr—mentioned in a genealogy 14; his daughter's son Aḥmad Bāī-qarā q.v.; [♰810 AH.-1407-8 AD.].

+Mīr Buzurg+ Tīrmīẕī—his daughter and granddaughter, wives of Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī 47-8, 49.

+Mīrīm+—Mīr Muḥammad?—adopted son of Aūzūn Ḥasan—killed fighting against Bābur 170; [♰908 AH.-1502 AD.].

+Mīrīm Dīwān+—ut supra—captured serving Bābur (904) 106; released (905) 119; discovers a rebel (912) 319.

+Mīrīm+ Lagharī—ut supra—leaves Bābur for home (903) 91; captured serving Bābur (904) 106; killed 167; [♰904 AH.-1499 AD.].

+Mīrīm-i-nāṣir Beg+—ut supra—enters Bābur's service (904) 103; one of a household-party (906) 131; in the left centre at Qandahār (913) 335, 338; at social gatherings (925) 385, 388; on service 389, 391; receives his dead brother's district 397.

+Mīrīm Tarkhān+—ut supra—drowned while serving Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī 74; [♰903 AH.-1497 AD.].

+Mīr Khurd+ bakāwal—one of a boat-party (925) 388; ordered to catch pheasants 404; made Hind-āl's guardian 408; on service (935) 640.

+Mīr Mughūl+, son of `Abdu'l-wahhāb shaghāwal—helps to defend Andijān (903) 122; his son killed (904) 102 (here Mughūl Beg); sent by Tarkhāns to invite Bābur to Samarkand (905) 122, 123; on service (925) 389 (here Beg Muḥammad Mughūl); measures Bābur's marches (935) 658 (here Mughūl Beg); in the battle of the Ghogrā 673-4 (here Mughūl-i `Abdu'l-wahhāb).

+Mīr Sang-tarāsh+—entrusted with building-work (935) 642.

+Mīrzā Beg+ firīngī-bāz—in Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's service (901) 58.

+Mīrzā Beg Kaī-khusrawī+—in Ālā-qūrghān when Shaibānī took Herī (913) 328.

+Mīrzā Beg T̤aghāī+, see Sl. `Alī M. T̤aghāī Begchīk.

+Mīrzā Beg Tarkhān+—in the left centre at Pānīpat (932) 472.

Wais +Mīrzā Khān+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—Khān Mīrzā—son of Maḥmūd and Sulṯān-nigār Chaghatāī—particulars 47; sent by The Khān (Maḥmūd Chaghatāī) against Samarkand (905) 122; in Tāshkīnt (908) 159; at Khusrau Shāh's audience of submission (910) 193; demands vengeance on him 194; on service 234; disloyal (912) 313-20; captured and banished 320; rejoins Bābur from Herāt (913) 331; in the right wing at Qandahār 334; his loot 338; goes to Badakhshān on Shāh Begīm's insistance 340-1, 342; his claim to rule in it 698 nn. 1-3; serves as a refuge for Sa`īd Chaghatāī (915) 349 and Ḥaidar Dūghlāt 350; sends Bābur news of Shaibānī's defeat at Merv (916) 350; invites his help in recovering their ancestral lands ib.; messenger of Bābur to Ismā`īl Ṣafawī 352; helps him to defend Ḥiṣār (918) 359; receives him plundered 362; sends him an envoy (925) 402; loses lands to Sa`īd Chaghatāī 695; ☛ mentioned 427; his death announced to Bābur (927) 433, 621 n. 5; his titles 21 n. 5; his guardians 26, 122; [♰927 AH.-1521 AD.].

+Mīr-zādas+ of Khwāst—wait on Bābur (925) 399.

+Mīrzā-i-malū+ Qārlūq?—his son Shāh Ḥusain or Ḥasan q.v.

+Mīrzā Mughūl+, son of Daulat-qadam-i-turk—conveys letters (932) 526-7.

+Mohan+ Mundāhir Rājpūt—☛ a punitive expedition against him (936) 700-1; [♰936 AH.-1529 AD.?].

The +Mother+ of the Head-man of Dikh-kat—particulars 150.

Ibrāhīm Lūdī's +Mother+—receives an allowance from Bābur (932) 478; attempts to poison him (933) 541; started under guard for Kābul 543; her grandson sent to Kāmrān 544; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

+Mīrzā-qulī Kūkūldāsh+ (Mīrzā's servant?)—with Jahāngīr (æt. 9) in Akhsī (899) 32; one of three with Bābur (908) 166, 396; fights for him in Akhsī 174-5; one of eight in flight 177; his horse fails 178; at social gatherings (925) 385, 387, 388; out with Bābur 403; behaves in his own fashion 407.

+Mūātūkān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīs-khānid—mentioned in Yūnās Khān's genealogy 19.

Bībī +Mubāraka+ Yūsuf-zāī Afghān, a wife of Bābur—referred to 367 n. 3; her courtship App. K; asked and given in marriage 375, 376; a couplet suiting her 411; accompanies Mahīm to Āgra (935) 689 n. 5; ☛ her probable charge of conveying Bābur's body to Kābul 709-10; her brother Jamāl App. K, xli; [♰ early under Akbar 963 AH.-1556 AD.].

+Mubārak Khān+ Jilwānī—killed serving Bīban (935) 685.

+Mubārak Shāh+ Muz̤affarī—rises in Badakhshān against Shaibānī (cir. 910) 242; invites Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī 242, 243; defeats Aūzbegs (912) 294-5; defeats Nāṣir 321; in force (913) Author's Note 340; invites Mīrzā Khān to Qila`i-ẕafar 21; [♰cir. 913 AH.-1508 AD.].

+Mughūl Beg+, amīr of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 275.

A +Mughūl servant+—aims an arrow at Bābur (912) 316.

+Mūḥammad+, the Prophet—reference to 75; a saying on travel 184; his edicts do not include the imposition of the tamghā 555; on the duty of a wazīr 556; mentioned in the farmān and the fatḥ-nāma (933) 553, 559-574.

Khwāja +Muḥammad+, an old tailor of `Umar Shaikh's—allays anxiety for Bābur (899) 30.

Mīr +Muḥammad-i-Mahdī Khwāja+—on service (925) 381.

Pahlawān Ḥajī +Muḥammad+—gifts made to him (935) 633.

Ustad Sulṯān +Muḥammad+, a Kābul builder—orders for his work (935) 646-7.

+Muḥammad `Alī+, son of Ḥaidar kikābdār—brings a gift (925) 418; summons Humāyūn (933) 537-8; sent out for news (935) 661, 662.

+Muḥammad `Alī+ bakhshī—on Abū-sa`īd's service and defeated by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (868) 259.

+Muḥammad `Alī+ Jang-jang—in the centre at Bajaur (925) 370; at boat-parties 387, 388; his servant's service 391, 392; his districts 392-3, 530; reinforced 412; waits on Bābur 403, 419, (932) 458; at Milwat (932) 460, 461; at Hiṣār-fīrūza 465-6; wounded 471; in the van at Pānīpat 472; on service 530, (933) 549, 550, 576, 582; in the left wing at Kānwa 557; acts unsuccessfully against Bīban and Bāyazīd (934) 589, 594, 598; pursues from near Qānūj 601; sent against Balūchīs (935) 638; his brother Arghūn and sons Tardī-muḥammad and Nan-roz q.v.

Khwāja +Muḥammad `Alī+ kitābdār—messenger to Khwāja Yaḥyā (905) 124; confuses a pass word (908) 164 (here sāīrt-kīshī = sārt); captured by Taṃbal 168; fights against rebels (912) 315; in the left centre at Qandahār (913) 335; in charge of treasure 338; at entertainments (925) 410, 411, 413; ☛ at Kalanūr (930) 442 (here Tājik = Sārt).

+Mūḥammad `Alī+ Mubashir-beg—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; at Khūbān (905) 113; in the flight from Akhsī (908) 163; captured by Taṃbal 168; killed on service 252; his servant Sulaimān 175; [♰911 AH.-1506 AD.].

+Muḥammad `Alī+ pīāda—deserts Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī (913) 343.

Khwāja +Muḥammad `Alī T̤aghāī+—`Asas—brother of Mahīm Begīm?—in the van at Qandahār (913) 335; meets Bābur at a crisis (914) 346; waits on Bābur (925) 399, 403; answers a military summons 408; the first to follow Bābur in renouncing wine (933) 552; at various entertainments (925) 387, 388, 400, 412, (926) 423, (935) 683; on his identity 522 n. 4; ☛ in charge of Bābur's Āgra tomb (937) 709.

Khwāja +Muḥammad-amīn+—out with Bābur (910) 230; deserts from Qandahār (913) 343; at a garden-wine-party (925) 418; his servant Imām-i-muḥammad ib.

+Muḥammad-āmīn Khān+ Qāzānī, Jūgī Chīngīz-khānid—Shaibānī sends him a Herāt musician 292; [♰925 AH.-1519 AD.].

Ustād +Muḥammad-amīn+ jībachī—attention for him desired from Khwāja Kalān (935) 647.

+Muḥammad+ Andijānī—sent to Kābul (912) 313-4.

+Muḥammad+ Arghūn—with Mughūls against Bābur (904) 106.

Sayyid +Muḥammad-i-aūrūs+ Arghūn, son of Aūrūs—particulars 279.

Shāh Sulṯān +Muḥammad+ Badakhshī—his claim to Greek descent and his six daughters 22. (Cf. T.R. trs. p. 107.)

Mīir +Muḥammad+ Badakhshī of Ishkīmīsh—particulars 288-9; waits on Bābur (917) 289.

+Muḥammad+ bakhshī—on service at Qandahār (913) 338.

+Muḥammad Bāqir Beg+ Andijānī—with Jahāngīr (899) 32; disloyal to Bābur (900) 44; with Bāī-sunghar (902) 65; leaves Bābur for home (903) 91; in Akhsī and seen in the flight (908) 189, 181; ☛ 182; his son Dost q.v.

+Muḥammad Barandūq Beg+ Barlās Turk—particulars 270; on Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's service (901) 58; retorts on Khusrau Shāh (910) 243; retainer of Muz̤affar-i-ḥusain Bāī-qarā (911) 274, 293; acts against Shaibānī (912) 296, 297; at a feast 298; concerning Bābur's reception at the Herī Court 299; presses him to winter in Herī 307; his plan of defence rejected (913) 326.

+Muḥammad Beg+ Begchīk, brother of Ayūb—in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334.

Pahlawān +Muḥammad Bū-sa`īd+—particulars 292.

Shāh +Muḥammad+ dīwāna, receives a fugitive Bāī-qarā 263; his son brings Bābur news of Bīban and Bāyazīd (935) 681.

+Muḥammad-dost T̤aghāī+ Kūnjī Mughūl, son of `Alī-dost—with Bābur (900) 53; remains at a crisis (903) 91; captured by Taṃbal (904) 106; released (905) 119; his self-aggrandizment 119; deserts to Taṃbal 125; negociates for him with Bābur (908) 173; blinded by the Aūzbegs 125.

Sayyid +Muḥammad+ Dūghlāt Ḥiṣārī—enters Bābur's service (901) 58, 59; his Mughūls desert Bābur (904) 105; conspires against Taṃbal and goes to The Khān (Maḥmūd) (907) 154; sent with Bābur against Taṃbal (908) 161.

Sulṯān +Muḥammad+ Dūldāī, Barlās Turk—Bābur's messenger to Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (912) 294; returns with news of Ḥusain's death 295; in the right centre at Qandahār (913) 335; waits on Bābur from Bajaur (925) 401; overtakes him at Jūī-shāhī 410; at a wine-party ib.; at Ḥiṣār-fīrūza (932) 465-6; in the right-wing at Pānīpat 472; given Qanūj 530; abandons it (933) 557; unwilling to return there 582; sent against Balūchīs (935) 638; ordered to Āgra 676.

Shāh +Muḥammad+ Farmūlī Afghān, son of Ma`rūf—particulars 675; Bābur gives him Sārūn (934) 603, 675; waits on Bābur (935) 675, 679.

Sulṯān +Muḥammad+ Galpuk, Itārachī Mughūl—opposing Bābur (908) 165.

Shaikh +Muḥammad+ Ghaus̤—particulars 539; helps Bābur to gain Gūālīār (933) 539-40; intercedes for Raḥīm-dād (936) 688, 690.

+Muḥammad Ḥaidar Mīrzā+ Dūghlāt, see Ḥaidar.

+Muḥammad Ḥusain Mīrzā Kūrkān+ Dūghlāt, receives Aūrā-tīpā (900) 56; effects Qāsim qūchīn's dismissal (903) 90; sent by The Khān (Maḥmūd) to help Bābur 92; lends him Pashāghar (904) 97, and Dikh-kat (907) 148; sent against Samarkand (905) 122; keeps back Aūrā-tīpā from Bābur (907) 149; goes to him in Kābul (911) 246; incites a Mughūl revolt against him (912) 313-17; captured and banished 319; ungrateful for leniency ib.; Shaibānī avenges Bābur ib.; his son Ḥaidar's excuses for him 317 n. 3; his wife Khūb-nigār, son Ḥaidar, daughter Ḥabība q.v.; [♰914 AH.-1508 AD.].

+Muḥammad Ḥusain+, brother of Abū'l-ḥasan qūr-begī—joins Mīrzā Khān (912) 315; on Bābur's service (925) 413 (here qūrchī).

+Muḥammad-i-ḥusain Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Mīnglī—particulars 262, 268; hostile to his father (903) 94; his flight into `Irāq 262.

Mīr +Muḥammad+ jāla-bān—examines a ford through the Sind-water (Indus) (925) 378; selects a site for a pontoon-bridge across the Ganges (934) 599; examines fords above Aūd (Oudh) 602; advises about crossing the Sarū (Goghrā) 674; rewarded for his pontoon-bridge (935) 635; his raft-mishaps (925) 407, 423.

+Muḥammad Jān+, Najm S̤ānī's Lord-of-the-Gate—☛ envoy to Bābur and discontented with his reception (917) 355.

+Muḥammad Khalīl+ akhta-begī—sent raiding (933) 538; at Kānwa (933) 569.

+Muḥammad Khān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—mentioned in Yūnas Khān's genealogy 19.

+Muḥammadī Kūkūldāsh+, kinsman of Bābā Qashqa (?—q.v.)—seen with Bābur by Khān-zāda (before 907 and in 916) 18; on service at Milwat (932) 458, 460; in the right centre at Pānīpat 472, 473, 475; sent against Dūlpūr 530; receives Samāna 528; in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 566, 569, 576; sends news of a second Balūchī incursion (935) 605 n. 3, 638; reports action 675; ordered to Āgra 676; at various entertainments (925) 385, 388, 412.

+Muḥammad-i-makhdūmī+—his son Maḥmūd q.v.

+Muḥammad Ma`ṣum Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Mīnglī—particulars 264, 269; his wife Bega Mīrān-shāhī q.v.; [♰907 AH.-1501-2 AD. See ḤS. iii, 290].

Mullā +Muḥammad+ Maẕhab—profers support to Bābur (932) 463; Bābur's envoy to Bengal (935) 637.

+Muḥammad Mazīd Tarkhān+ Arghūn Chīngīz-khānid, son of Aūrdū-būghā—particulars 39; has charge of Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī (899) 32; leaves Samarkand after the Tarkhān rebellion (901) 62; displeases `Alī Mīrān-shāhī (905) 121; plotted against ib.; invites Mīrzā Khān and Bābur 122, 123; welcomes Bābur 40, 124; joins Khusrau Shāh (906) 129; fights for Bābur at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 139; takes refuge with Khusrau Shāh 141; at Kūl-i-malik (918) ☛ 357; killed there 39; his house a post of Bābur's 143; [♰918 AH.-1512 AD.].

Sulṯān +Muḥammad Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—parentage 257.

Sayyid +Muḥammad Mīrzā+ Dūghlāt, uncle of Ḥaidar—sent to help Bābur (906) 139; envoy of Sa`īd Chaghatāī to him (917) 22; escorts his niece to Kāshghar ib.

Sulṯān +Muḥammad Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī, grandson of Tīmūr—his son Abū-sa`īd q.v.

Sultan +Muḥammad Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid—his father Abū-sa`īd q.v.

+Muḥammad+ mīskīn, Dūldāī Barlās, son of Ḥafiẓ—captured by Bābur's men (903) 72.

+Muḥammad Muḥsin+ Bāī-qarā, see Kūpūk.

+Muḥammad Muqīm Beg+ Arghūn, son of Ẕū'n-nūn—takes possession of Kābul (908) 195 n. 3; loses it to Bābur (910) 198, 199, 227, 246 n. 3; loses Qalāt-i-ghilzāī to him (911) 248-9; seeks his co-operation against Shaibānī (913) 330; withdraws and fails in etiquette 331-2; opposed to Bābur at Qandahār 333-7; flees in defeat 339.

Khwāja +Muḥammad Muqīm+ Herāwī, father of Niẕāmu'd-dīn Aḥmad the historian—☛ mentioned 691 n. 1, ☛ 692; ☛ his story of a plan to supersede Humāyūn as Pādshāh in 937 AH. 703; discussion of it 704-7; its incredibility as told 704-5.

+Muḥammad Mūmin+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Badī`u'z-zamān—Astarābād claimed for him (902) 69; defeated by an uncle 71 (where delete the `aīn from his name); his murder attributed to Khadīja Begim 268.

Shaikh +Muḥammad+ Muṣalmān, ancestor of the Farmūlī Shaikh-zādas—his tomb and descendants 220.

Sulṯān +Muḥammad Muz̤affar+ Gujrātī, Tānk Rājpūt—particulars 481-2; his death 481; his sons Sikandar Shāh and Bahādur Khān q.v.; [♰932 AH.-1526 AD.].

+Muḥammad+ Nūḥānī, see Bihār Khān.

Mullā +Muḥammad+ Pargharī—loquacious (932) 453.

+Muḥammad-i-qāsim+ Barlās—comes accidentally on Bābur (925) 417.

+Muḥammad-i-qāsim Mīrzā+ Arlāt, son of Abū'l-qāsim (Ḥ.S. iii, 327)—his Bāī-qarā wife and their child 265; his sons (?) Bābur and Murād q.v.

+Muḥammad-i-qāsim Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, son of Ḥusain and Pāpā—parentage 265.

+Muḥammad-i-qāsim+ Nabīra, grandson of Muḥammad Sīghal—made prisoner when opposing Bābur (903) 72.

+Muḥammad-i-qāsim+ Qībchāq Turk, son of Bāqī Chaghānīānī—leaves his family in Ajar (910) 191; father (?) of Aḥmad-i-qāsim q.v.

+Muḥammad-qulī+ qūchīn—Mīr Shāh qūchīn—helps Bāī-sunghar's escape from Samarkand (901) 62; with Bābur at Samarkand and wounded (902) 68; stays with him at a crisis (903) 91; captured (904) and released by Taṃbal (905) 119; in the van at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) (906) 139; besieged in Samarkand 142-144; with Bābur when surprised by Taṃbal (908) 163; in the left wing at Qandahār (913) 334; in a raid (925) 403.

+Muḥammad+ qūrchī, retainer of Khusrau Shāh—rises against the Aūzbeg occupation of Badakhshān (910) 242; expels Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī (912) 321; keeping up his head (913) 340.

Ustād +Muḥammad+ sabz-banā—his son Banā'ī q.v.

Maulānā +Muḥammad Ṣadru'd-dīn+ Andijānī—his six sons' service to Bābur 370 n. 2; his sons Khwājaka Mullā-i-ṣadr, Kīchīk Khwāja, Khwāja Kalān q.v.

+Muḥammad Ṣāliḥ Mīrzā+ Khwārizmī, author of the Shaibānī-nāma—in Khwāja Yaḥyā's service and waits on Bābur (901) 64; leaves Samarkand with the Tarkhāns (905) 121; enters Shaibānī's service 65 n. 3; on Shaibānī's service (910) 196 n. 5; couplets of his quoted by Bābur 120-1, 448; [♰941 AH.-1534-5 AD.].

Ustād Shāh +Muḥammad+ sang-tarāsh—cuts an inscription (913) 343; receives orders for work (933) 585, 606, (935) 642.

+Muḥammad Shāh+ Khīljī Turk, son of Nāṣiru'd-dīn of Mālwā—takes Chanderī and seeks Ibrāhīm Lūdī's protection (916) 593; his young son Aḥmad q.v.; [♰931 AH.-1524 AD.?].

+Muḥammad Shāh Pādshāh+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—his change of name for an orange 511 n. 4; [♰1161 AH.-1748 AD.].

+Muḥammad+ Shaibānī, see Shaibānī.

Shaikh +Muḥammad-i Shaikh Bhakarī+ (?)—on service (933) 382.

Shāh +Muḥammad Shaikh-zāda+ Farmūlī Afghān, son of Ma`rūf—leaves his Afghān associates (934) 598 (no name here); favoured by Bābur 603, 675; compelled to act with Bīban and Bāyazīd (935) 675; writes dutifully to Bābur ib.; waits on `Askarī and Bābur ib. and 679.

+Muḥammad Sharīf+ munajjim (astrologer)—comes to Kābul (925) 399 and to Āgra (933) 551; augurs defeat at Kānwa 551, 576; offers congratulations on victory, blamed and banished with a gift 576.

Sulṯān +Muḥammad+ Sīghal, Chaghatāī—his descendants Muḥammad-i-qāsim and Ḥasan q.v. (Cf. 66 n. 4 and Ḥ.S. lith. ed. iii, 275 for tribe and title resp.).

+Muḥammad Sulṯān+ bakhshī—left behind to catch pheasants (925) 404; in a night-attack on Ibrāhīm's camp (932) 471; in the left wing at Pānīpat 472; has custody of the cook who poisoned Bābur (933) 542; staff-officers at Kānwa 568; host to Bābur (935) 629; introduces a Kābul messenger 644; brings news of Maḥmūd Lūdī 653-4; writes that Bābur's family is on its way from Kābul 657; waits on Bābur 606; his servant Shāh Qāsim q.v.

Sulṯān +Muḥammad Sulṯān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—Sulṯānīm and Khānika—eldest son of The Khān (Maḥmūd)—sent to help Bābur (903) 92; his guardian and he oppose Bābur (905) 116; his part in acclaiming the standards (907) 155; goes out to meet his uncle Aḥmad (Alacha Khān) (908) 159; ☛ murdered 350; [♰914 AH.-1508 AD.].

+Muhammad Sulṯān-i-jahāngīr Mīrzā+ Jahāngīrī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—Samarkand given to him by his grandfather Tīmūr 85; his college 78.

+Muḥammad Sulṯān Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Wais and Sulṯānīm—particulars 265; waits on Bābur at Kalānūr (932) 458; on Bābur's service 468, 471, 475, 530, 534, (933) 545, 548, 582, (934) 589, (935) 682; in the left wing at Pānīpat (932) 472 and at Kānwa (933) 567, 570; gifts to him 527; given Qānūj 582; joins Bābur (935) 651; in the battle of the Ghogrā 671, 672, 674; ☛ mentioned 706 (where wrongly classed with half-Tīmūrids); once owner of the Elphinstone Codex 706 n. 3.

Beg +Muḥammad+ ta`alluqchī—conveys gifts to Humāyūn (Muḥ. 934) and returns (Rabī`I, 935) 621; Bābur complains of his detention.

+Muḥammad T̤āhir+—captured (903) 74.

Muḥammad +Tīmūr Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān, Chīngīz-khānid, son of Shaibānī—at Samarkand (906) 128; at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 139; defeats and kills two Bāī-qarā Mīrzās (913) 263, 329-30; leaves Samarkand on Bābur's approach (917) 354; at Ghaj-davān (918) 360; his marriages with captives 24, 36, 328 n. 1.

Mullā +Muhammad+ ṯālib-mu`ammāī—an enigmatist of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's Court—particulars 201 n. 7; a couplet of his quoted 201-2; [♰918 AH.-1512 AD.].

Pahlawān Ḥājī +Muḥammad+ tufang-andāzī—receives gifts (935) 633.

Mullā +Muḥammad+ Turkistānī, retainer of Khusrau Shāh—makes Qūndūz safe for Shaibānī Khān (910) 192.

+Muhammad-i-`ubaidu'l-lāh+, son of Aḥrārī, see Khwāja Khwāja.

Sulṯān +Muḥammad Wais+—waits on Bābur (902) 66; runs away and is suspected (907) 156; serving Bābur at Akhsī (908) 174; his retainer Kīchīk `Alī q.v.

+Muḥammad Walī+ Beg—particulars 277; on Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's service (901) 57, (902) 70, (903) 94.

+Muḥammad-i-yūsuf+ Aūghlāqchī, elder son of Yūsuf—waits on Bābur (905) 125.

Mīr +Muḥammad-i-yūsuf+—particulars 285; waits on Bābur in Herāt (912) 285; Shaibānī instructs him in exposition (913) 329.

+Muḥammad+ Zaitūn—opposing Bābur (932) 523; written to and makes false excuse 529, 530; waits on Bābur (933) 540; sent out of the way before Kānwa 547.

Khwāja +Muḥammad Ẕakariya+, son of Yaḥyā—murdered 128; [906 AH.-1500 AD.].

+Muḥammad-i-zamān Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, grandson and last surviving heir of Ḥusain—particulars 261, 269 n. 6, 279; spared by Shaibānī 263; his wanderings and association with Khwānd-amīr 364-5, 463 n. 3; sent to Bābur and married to his daughter Ma`ṣūma-sulṯān (923-4) 365; in Balkh 365, 522; dutiful letters and tribute sent by him to Bābur (925) 385, 402, ☛ 427, ☛ (926-932) 428; with Bābur (935) 606, 631, 639, 659; objects to the Bihār command 661-2; does homage for it and is given insignia of royalty 662, ☛ 706; starts for Bihār but is recalled 663, 664; in the battle of the Ghogrā 668, 669, 671; ☛ given Jūnpūr 682; pursues Bīban and Bāyazīd 682; grounds for surmising in Bābur the intention to leave him as ruler in Hindūstān 705-7; ☛ of his later uprisings against Humāyūn 714 n. 1; [♰drowned at Chausa 946 AH.-1539 AD.].

+Muḥibb-i-`alī Khān+ Barlās Turk, son of Khalīfa—☛ marries Nāhid Begim (930) 443; in a night-attack (932) 471; in the left centre at Pānīpat 472, 473 and at Kānwa (933) 565; unhorsed in `Abdu'l-`azīz' discomfiture 549-50; on service (934) 601.

+Muḥibb-i-`alī+ qūrchī—on Khusrau Shāh's service (901) 60, (902) 71; joins Bābur (910) 188; Bābur's praise of him (912) 307, 308; loyal 313, (914) 346; in the van at Qandahār (913) 335; collector of an impost (925) 384; at Ḥiṣār-fīrūza (932) 465-6; at an entertainment 410.

+Muḥibb-sulṯān+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Maḥmūd—particulars 48, 49.

Sāqī +Muḥsin+—wrestles (935) 660.

+Muḥsin+ Dūldāī Barlās—at Chanderī (934) 590.

+Muīnu'd-dīn al Zamjī+—omitted (or lost) from Bābur's list of Herāt celebrities 283 n. 1.

+Mujāhid Khān+ Multānī—on Bābur's service (933) 540.

The +Mulla+, see `Abdu'r-raḥmān Jāmī.

+Mullā Bābā+ Farkatī—brings Bābur news of Shaibānī (913) 343.

+Mullā Bihishtī+—conveys gifts to Hind-al (935) 642.

+Mullā Bābā+ Pashāgharī, Chaghatāī—comes into one of Bābur's dreams (906) 132; at Sar-i-pul 141; envoy for Bābur to Khusrau Shāh (910) 188; loyal (912) 313, (914) 346; ☛ disloyal in Ghaznī (921) 363; deserts Humāyūn (932) 545; joins the Aūzbegs; his proceedings 546; his brother Bābā Shaikh q.v.; his Kābul garden 315.

+Mullā Hijrī+, a poet—waits on Bābur (907) 153.

+Mullā Kabīr+—his devious route to wait on Bābur (925) 399.

+Mullā Khwājakā+—prescribes for Bābur (925) 399 (where read Khwajakā).

+Mullā Khwāja-i Sayyid Ātā+—his Bāī-qarā wife 265-6.

+Mullā Tabrīzī+—conveys gifts (935) 642.

+Mullā T̤aghāī+—envoy to Bābur of Abū-sa`īd Aūzbeg (935) 631, 632, 641.

+Mūmin+—suspected of the death of Nūyān Kūkūldāsh (907) 151-2.

+Mūmin-i-`alī+ tawāchī—conveys orders (932) 451; conveys the Kānwa Letter-of-victory to Kābul (933) 580.

+Mūmin Ātākā+—out with Bābur (925) 404; on service (932) 465, 534; in the left wing (tūlghuma) at Kānwa (933) 568, 569; his brethren (935) 679.

Khwāja +Munīr+ Aūshī—incites attack on Bukhāra (902) 65.

Sayyid +Murād+ Aūghlāqchī—referred to as father of Yūsūf 39 and Ḥasan 279; [♰874 AH.-1469-70 AD.].

+Mūrād Beg+ Bāyandarī Turkmān—his joining Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (908) 280, 336.

+Murād Mīrzā+ Arlāt, son of Muḥammad-i-qāsim and Rābi`a-sulṯān Mīrān-shāhī—his Bāī-qarā (?) marriage 266.

+Murād+ Qajar Turkmān, qūrchī—`Irāqī envoy to Bābur (935) 666, 688, 689, n. 4.

Mullā Khwāja +Murshid+ `Irāqī—envoy of Bābur to Ibrāhīm Lūdī (925) 385, ☛ 427 n. 3; made Dīwān of Bihār (935) 661, 662.

Mīr +Mūrtāẓa+—particulars 284.

+Musā Khwāja+—whispers of Mughūl rebellion (914) 346.

Malik +Musā+ Dilah-zāk (Dilazāk) Afghān—receives gifts (925) 394; brings tribute 409.

+Musā Sulṯān+ Farmūlī, son of Ma`rūf—waits on Bābur (935) 685; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669.

+Muṣṯafa Shaikh-zāda+ Farmūlī Afghān—on service for Ibrāhīm Lūdī (932) 527; his brother Bāyazīd q.v.; [♰932 AH.-1525-6 AD.].

+Muṣṯafa+ Rūmī, tawāchī—his culverin-discharge at Pānīpat (932) 474; has carts made for defence at Kānwa (933) 550; at Kānwa 550, 568-9; at the Gangas bridge (934) 599; in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 668, 669, 670.

+Mū'yad+—leading Daryā-khānīs for Bābur (933) 582.

Shāh +Muz̤affar+—particulars 291; his artist-training owed to Nawā'ī 272.

+Muz̤affar+ Barlās—particulars 270-1.

Sulṯān +Muz̤affar+ Gujrātī—his death and successor 534 (where for [Jumāda II] "and" read 932); [♰932 AH.-1526 AD.].

+Muz̤affar-i-ḥusāin Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Khadīja—particulars 262, 268; serving under his father (901) 58, (902) 71; given Astarābād (902) 61, 69; made joint-ruler in Herī (911) 292-3; combines in action against Shaibānī (912) 296-7 and withdraws 301; fails in etiquette 297; in social relation with Bābur 298, 299, 300, 302-3; plain speech to him from Qāsim Beg 304; a false report of him in Kābul 313; irresolute in opposing Shaibānī (913) 326; his army defeated 327; flees (to Astarābād) abandoning his family ib.; his wife Khān-zāda Khānīm q.v.

Sulṯān +Muz̤affar Shāh+ Ḥabshī, mentioned in illustration of a Bengal custom 483.

Mīrzā Yār-i-aḥmad +Najm S̤ānī̤+, wazīr of Ismā`īl Ṣafawī—his killing Sohrāb Bāī-qarā 262; ☛ his commission to correct Bābur (918) 355, 359; ☛ his massacre in Qarshī 360; ☛ slain at Ghaj-dawān 262 n. 4, 361; Bābur's alleged failure to support him 361; his retainer Muḥammad Jān q.v.; [♰918 AH.-1512 AD.].

+Nādir Shāh+ Afshārid—his birthplace (mod.) Qalāt-i-nādirī 329 n. 4; [♰1160 AH.-1747 AD.].

+Nahār+, son of Ḥasan Khān Mewātī—released by Bābur from capture (933) 545; returns to Court 578; escapes 581.

Nāhid Begīm—☛ her marriage (930) 443.

+Na`man Chuhra+—captured by Taṃbal (908) 168; at a wine-party (925) 385.

Gurū +Nānak Shāh+—his relations with Daulat Khān Yūsuf-khail and traditionally with Bābur 461 n. 3; [♰946 AH.-1539 AD.].

Napoleon—☛ his problem of creed in Egypt less difficult than that of Bābur with Shī`a support 356.

+Nārpat Hāra+ Chauhān Rājpūt—his force at Kānwa (933) 562.

+Nāṣir Beg+—makes over Andijān to Bābur (904) 103; counsels him (908) 165; captured by Taṃbal 168; his sons Dost-, Mīrīm-, and Shāhīm-i-nāṣir; his brother-in-law Aūzūn Ḥasan q.v.

+Naṣīr Khān+ Nūḥānī Afghān—particulars 659 n. 4; disaffected to Ibrāhīm Lūdī and unsubmissive to Bābur (932) 523; discussion of his movements 530; assembles a force but flees before Bābur's 533-4, 544; his son Farīd q.v.

+Nāṣir Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of `Umar Shaikh—particulars 17; in Kāsān (æt. 8) (899) 32; taken to his uncle Aḥmad 32; meets Bābur (908) 172, 178; at the capture of Kābul (910) 198, 199; Zurmut hostility 220; given Nīngnahār 227; misconduct 229, 241-2; accepts an invitation to Badakhshān 242-3; has an imbroglio with Khusrau Shāh 243; clans which had left him 255; defeats Aūzbegs (912) 295; defeated by Badakhshīs and goes to Bābur 321; Bābur's reflections on the situation 322; out with Bābur (913) 324; in the van at Qandahār 335; his loot and command and beleaguerment in Qandahār 339-40; goes to Ghaznī 343, 344; ☛ given Kābul (917) 363; ☛ returns it to Bābur (920) 363; dies in Ghaznī (921) 363; his sister Mihr-bānū and wife Qarā-gūz Bāī-qarā q.v.; [♰921 AH.-1515 AD.].

Khwāja +Naṣīru'd-dīn+ T̤ūsī—his Astronomical Tables 79; [♰672 AH.-1274 AD.].

Sulṯān +Nāṣiru'd-dīn+ Khīljī Turk, Sulṯān of Malwā—events following his death 593; his son Maḥmūd q.v.; [♰916 AH.-1510 AD.].

+Naṣrat Shāh+ Ḥusain-shāhī, Sulṯān in Bengal—particulars 482-3; reported friendly to Bābur (935) 628, 637; sends him an envoy 637; negociations with him 661, 664, 676; referred to as at peace with Bābur 665; mentioned 667, 677, 679; his troops defeated on the Ghogrā 671-4; peace made 676; [♰939 AH.-1532 AD.].

+Naṣrat Shāh+ Tūghlūq Turk—receives Dihlī from Tīmūr 481 n. 4.

+Naurang Beg+—☛ punishes the Mundāhirs (936) 700, 701.

+Nau-roz+, brother of Muḥammad-`alī Jang-jang—at Bajaur (925) 370.

+Naukar Hindū+, see Tūka.

+Naẕar-i-`alī+ Turk—on Bābur's service (925) 389; his relation Minūchihr q.v.

+Naẕar Bahādur+—killed on Khusrau Shāh's service 93, 94, 279; [♰903 AH.-1497-8 AD.].

+Naẕar Bahādur+ Aūzbeg—one of five champions worsted by Bābur in single combat (914) 349 n. 1.

Shāh +Naẕar+ Turkmān—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; rebels (914) 345.

+Ni`amat+ Arghūn—his defeat 34.

Mullā +Ni`amat+—killed in a surprise by Sangā 549; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Khwāja +Ni`amatu'l-lāh+—his son Āṣafī 286 n. 2.

+Nīgārsī+, see Dankūsī.

+Niẕām Khān+ Bīāna'ī—not submissive to Bābur (932) 523; receives letters and a quatrain from him 529; defeats Bābur's troops (933) 538-9; waits on Bābur 539; in the left wing at Kānwa 567; on service (935) 678.

Khwājā +Niẕāmu'd-dīn Aḥṃad+, the author of the [T.]abaqāt-i-akbarī, son of Muḥammad Muqīm—☛ discussion of his story of the intended supersession of Bābur's sons 702-8; [♰1003 AH.-1594 AD.].

Sayyid +Niẕāmu'd-dīn `Alī Khalīfa+ Marghīlānī, Barlās Turk son of Junaid—escapes from prison and death (900) 55; driven from Bābur's presence (903) 90, (905) 119; defends Kābul (912) 313; mediates (914) 345; hears rumours of Mughūl revolt 346; in the left centre at Bajaur (925) 369 and at Pānīpat (932) 473; given charge of Ibrāhīm's corpse 474 n. 1; at Kānwa (933) 556, 558, 564-5; on service 384, 395, 666; communicates bad news at Chanderī (934) 594 and (935) 639; mediates for Raḥīm-dād 689; ☛ declines the Badakhshān government (936) 697; ☛ discussion of his plan to set Humāyūn aside (in Hindūstān?) 702-8; his seat at a feast 631; host to Bābur 408; his sons Muḥibb-i-`alī, Ḥusamu'd-dīn-i-`alī, Ḥamza and daughter Gul-barg q.v.

Shaikh +Niẕāmū'd-dīn Auliyā+—his tomb visited by Bābur (932) 475; [♰725 AH.-1325 AD.].

+Niẕāmu'l-mulk+ Khawāfī, Dīwān in Herī—arrested and put to death 282; [♰903 AH.-1497-8 AD.].

Hazrat +Nuḥ+ (Noah)—his father Lām q.v.

+Nūr Beg+ (perhaps Sayyid Nūru'd-dīn Chaghānīānī infra)—disobeys the Law, plays the lute (925) 395; joins Bābur in an autumn garden 418; his brethren on service (932) 446; with Bābur in the East (935) 653; in the battle of the Ghogrā 673; sent to allay Rahīm-dād's fears 688-9; his brother Shāham q.v.

Sayyid +Nūru'd-dīn+ Chaghānīānī—Sayyid Amīr—a son-in-law of Bābur and father of Salīma-sulṯān ☛ 713; perhaps Nūr Beg supra.

Shaikh +Nūru'd-dīn Beg+ Turkistānī, Qībchāq Turk—grandfather, through a daughter, of Yūnas Chaghatāī 19 (see T.R. trs. p. 64).

+Nūru'l-lāh+ ṯambūrchī—his experience in an earthquake (911) 247.

Sayyid +Nūyān Beg+ Tīrmīẕī—particulars 273; his son Ḥasan-i-ya`qūb q.v.

+Nūyān Kūkūldāsh+ Tīrmīẕī—makes a right guess (906) 131-2; on service against Shaibānī 142; his sword sent as a gift to Taṃbal (907) 150; that sword wounds Bābur's head (908) 151, 167, 396; his suspicious death 151-152; Bābur's grief 152; Nūyān's uncle Ḥaq-naẕar q.v.; [♰907 AH.-1502 AD.].

+Padmāwatī+, wife of Rānā Sangā—in Rantanbhūr (935) 612; mentioned 613 n. 1; her son Bikramājīt and kinsman Asūk-māl q.v.

+Pahār Khān+ Lūdī, see Bihār.

+Pahār Mīrza+, a father-in-law of Jahāngīr Mīrān-shāhī—his daughter brings her son Pir-i-muḥammad to Bābur (913) 331.

+Pahlawān+ Aūdī (Oudhī)—wrestles (935) 683, 688.

+Pahlawān+ Lāhorī, a boatman—wrestles (935) 656.

+Pāpa Āghācha+, a mistress of Ḥuṣain Bāī-qarā—particulars 266, 268-9; her five sons and three daughters ib.

+Pāpā-aūghūlī+, of Bābur's household—out with Bābur (910) 234; at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Parbat+ Kakar—conveys tribute to Bābur (925) 391, 392, 393.

+Pasha Begīm+ Bahārlū, Āq-qūīlūq Turkmān, daughter of `Alī-shukr Beg—particulars 49; her nephew Yār-`alī Balāl q.v.

+Pāyanda-muḥammad+ Qīplān—out with Bābur (925) 404.

+Pāyanda-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Abū-sa`īd and wife of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 263, 265, 268; her son Ḥaidar and her daughters ib.; visited in Herāt by Bābur (912) 301; arranges a marriage for him 306; captured by Shaibānī (913) 327.

+Pietro della Vallé+—an illustration drawn from his recorded morning-draught (1623 AD.) 395.

Khwāja +Pir Aḥmad+ Khawāfī—his son 281.

+Pir Budāgh Sulṯān+, Khāqān in Desht Qībchāq (Ḥ.S. iii, 232)—his Bāī-qarā marriage 258 n. 2.

Mīr +Pīr Darwesh+ Hazār-aspī—in charge of Balkh (857) 50; fights there ib.

+Pīrī Beg+ Turkmān—joins Bābur (913) 336; particulars Author's Note, 336.

+Pīr Kānū+ of Sakhī-sarwār—Bābur halts at his tomb (910) 238.

+Pīr Muḥammad+ Aīlchī-būghā, qūchīn—particulars 50 and nn.; drowned 48 n. 4, 50; [895 AH.-1490 AD.].

+Pīr Muḥammad+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Jahāngīr—brought by his widowed mother to Bābur (913) 331.

+Pīr-qulī+ Sīstānī—in the right wing at Pānīpat (932) 472, and at Kānwa (933) 566; on service (932) 530.

+Pīr Sulṯān+ Pashāī—one of Bābur's guides (912) 308.

Prester John, Wang Khān [T.R. trs. 16], Ong Khān [Abu'l-ghāzī, Desmaisons' trs. p. 55]—his title 23 n. 3.

+Pulād Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid—son of Kūchūm—Bābur sends him his earliest-mentioned Dīwān (925) 402, 632 n. 3; at Jām (934) 622; an envoy goes from him to Bābur (935) 631, 632, 641.

+Pūrān+ (Allāh-bīrdī or Allāh-qulī)—out with Bābur (910) 234; wounded (913) 342; his father-in-law Qāsim qūchīn q.v.

+Qābil+ (Cain)—Bābur goes alone to his tomb (925) 415.

+Qādīr-bīrdī+ Ghainī—spoken to by Bābur when in hiding (908) 180-1.

+Qāītmās+ Turkmān, retainer of Jahāngīr—drowned (910) 237.

+Qalandar+ pīāda—on Bābur's service (932) 529.

+Qaṃbar-i-`alī+ Arghūn—on Bābur's service (935) 688.

+Qaṃbar-i-`alī Beg+—mobilizes the Hindūstān army by Abū-sa`īd's order (873?) 46; expelled from Khurāsān with Maḥmū Mīrān-shāhī 47.

+Qaṃbar-i-`alī Beg+ qūchīn, son of Qāsim—races with Bābur (?) (907) 147; wounded, brings Bābur a message (908) 174; one of the eight in flight from Akhsī 177; gives Bābur his horse 177-8; beats down snow for a road (912) 308-9; fights rebels in Kābul 315; at Qandahār (913) 334; wounded 336; hurries from Qūndūz against rebels in Ghaznī (921) 364; brings Bābur a letter from Balkh (?) (925) 385.

+Qaṃbār-i-`alī Be+g Silākh, Mughūl—particulars 28; his inconvenient absence (904) 106; recalled (905) 108; goes away 110; returns 112; in the van at Khūbān 113; goes away 115; returns and is ill-tempered 117; his districts 115, 124; his ill-timed pacificism 118; his misconduct 123; goes to Taṃbal, made prisoner, escapes to Bābur 124; on Bābur's service (906) 130, 131; at Sar-i-pul 138, 139; sends his family out of Samarkand 141; ? races with Bābur (907) 147; ? leaves Bābur in Dikh-kat 150 n. 3; conspires against Taṃbal and goes to The Khān (Maḥmūd) 154; serves Bābur against Taṃbal (908) 161, 162, 165, 166; counsels Bābur distastefully and flees 168, 170; talks to him of peace with Taṃbal 173; made prisoner in Akhsī against Bābur's wish 174; leaves Khusrau Shah for Bābur (910) 189; dismissed by Bābur and why 192, 532 n. 1; his son `Abdu'-shukūr q.v.

+Qaṃbar Bī+ Aūzbeg—blamed by Shaibānī for three murders (906) 128; on service for him (910) 242, 244; defeated by T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī's men (934) 622.

+Qarā Aḥmad+ yūrūnchī—Bābur's messenger to the Kābul begs (912) 314.

+Qarā Barlās+—leaves Samarkand with the Tarkhāns (905) 121; fights for Bābur at Sar-i-pul (906) 139; besieged and holds out to the end 143, 144.

Sayyid +Qarā Beg+ Kohbur Chaghatāī—remains with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; invited into Akhsī (for Bābur) (904) 101; escapes after defeat 106; at Khūbān (905) 113; released 119; his (?) hasty retreat to entrenchments (906) 138, 232 n. 4; his son `Abdu'l-qadūs q.v.

+Qarā Bīlūt+—surrenders Qalāt-i-ghilzāī to Bābur (911) 248-9.

+Qaracha Khān+—punished for disobedience (925) 390-1; on service (934) 602, (935) 638; his messenger with news of Mahīm's journey 650, 659.

+Qārā-gūz Begīm+ Arlāt—her marriage with Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī 265.

+Qarā-gūz Begīm+, see (1) Makhdūma, (2) Rābi`a-sulṯān.

+Qarā-qūzī+—on Bābur's service (932) 471; in the left-wing [tūlghuma] at Pānīpat 473.

+Qārlūghāch Bakhshī+ kills Mughūl Beg's son (904) 102.

+Qashqa Maḥmūd+ (or Qāshqa), Beg of the Chīrās tūmān of Mughūls—sent to help Bābur (906) 138; quarrels with a Begchīk for the military post of honour (907) 155. (He may be "Bābā Qashqa" q.v.)

Mullā +Qāsim+—building work given to him (935) 642.

Sayyid +Qāsim+ (p. 96), see Sayyid Kāmal.

+Qāsim-i-`ajab Beg+—remains with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; promoted to beg's rank (904) 104; captured by Taṃbal's men (905) 115-6; released 119.

+Qāsim-i-`alī+ tariyākī—musician at entertainments (925) 385, 387, 388.

+Qāsim Beg+ qūchīn—particulars 26; supports Bābur (899) 30, (900) 43; his appointments 43, 44 (where delete Sayyid as his title); punishes misconducted Mughūls (902) 66-7, 153 and has to leave Bābur (907) 27, 67; on missions (903) 90, (904) 100, 101; remains with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; defeated by Mughūls (904) 105-6; in the centre at Khūbān (905) 113; banished from Andijān by `Alī-dost 119; rejoins Bābur for Samarkand 123, (906) 130; suspects Banā'ī 136; in the centre at Sar-i-pul 139; defending Samarkand 141, 142, 143, 144; races with Bābur (907) 147; advises a tactful gift 150; out with Bābur (910) 234; rewarded (911) 252; goes with a punitive force to Nigr-aū 253; a saying of his twisted for ill 254; defeats Aūzbegs (912) 295; insists in Herāt on ceremony due to Bābur 298; angered by Bābur's being pressed to drink wine 304; mistaken as to a route 308-9; mistakenly compassionate 313; allowed to keep his Fifth of spoil (913) 324; in the left wing at Qandahār 334, 335; wounded 336; retainers allotted to him 339; his counsel 339-40; mediates for suspects (914) 345; waits on Bābur returned from Hindūstān (925) 395; mediates for Tramontane clans to leave Kābul 402; Bābur breaks fast at his house 408; his sons Ḥamza, Tīngrī-bīrdī, Qaṃbar-i-`alī q.v.; his ill-conducted nephew 414; a servant 313; a father-in-law Banda-i-`alī q.v.; [♰928 AH.-1522 AD.].

+Qāsim+ Duldāī, Barlās Turk—serving Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī (902) 65; joins Bābur 66.

+Qāsim-i-ḥusain+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān, son of Qāsim and `Āyisha-sulṯān Bāī-qarā—particulars 267, 298; joins Bābur (933) 550; at Kānwa 556, 559; receives Badāūn 582; on service 582, (934) 589, (935) 682; in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 669; mentioned 631 n. 4, ☛ 706.

Sayyid +Qāsim+ Jalāīr—wins the Champion's Portion at Asfara (900) 53; takes it at Shāhrukhiya 53; stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; joins him for Samarkand (905) 123-4; at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) (906) 139; his strange doings in Pāp (908) 171; his unseasonable arrival in Akhsī 174; defeats an Aūzbeg raider (910) 195; out with Bābur 234, (925) 403; drunk 415; Bābur pays him a consolation-visit 418; a party in his country-house (926) 420; assigned to reinforce Khwājā Kalān in Kābul (935) 647.

+Qāsim Khān+ Qāzzāq, Jūjī Chīngīz-khānid—his marriage with Sulṯān-nigār Chaghatāī 23; his good administration 23-4; [♰924 AH.-1518 AD.].

+Qāsim+ Khītka (?) Arghūn, (var. Jangeh)—in Akhsī (908) 171.

+Qāsim Khwāja+—succeeds in his brother Yakka's appointments (935) 674; on service 682.

+Qāsim Kūkūldāsh+—at a household party (906) 131 (his name is omitted from the Ḥai. MS. f. 83 and from my text); helps Bābur at his mother's burial (911) 246; at Qandahār (913) 335; his Arghūn marriage 342, 199 n. 1, ☛ 443.

+Qāsim Mīr-akhẉūr+—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; on service (933) 548.

Malik +Qāsim+ Mughūl, brother (p. 568) of Bābā Qashqa—in the right-wing [tūlghuma] at Pānīpat (932) 473, and at Kānwa (933) 568; on service with his brethren (932) 528, (933) 558, 582, (934) 589; his good service near Qanūj and his death 599; his kinsmen, see s.n. Bābā Qashqa; [♰934 AH.-1528 AD.].

Shāh +Qāsim+ pīāda—sent on a second mission to Bābur's kinsfolk in Khurāsān (935) 617.

+Qāsim+ Saṃbhalī—not submissive to Bābur (932) 523; surrenders 528, 529; sent out of the way before Kānwa (933) 547 (where the Ḥai. MS. adds "Beg", by clerical? error).

+Qāsim Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid—his Bāī-qarā marriage 267; at a reception (912) 298; his son Qāsim-i-ḥusain q.v.

+Qātāq Begīm+, wife of Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī—particulars 36; of Aḥmad's escape from her dominance 36 n. 1.

+Qayyām Beg+—Aūrdū (Ūrdū) Shāh—out with Bābur (925) 403; waits on Bābur as Governor of Nīngnahār (926) 421; joins him in Hindūstān (933) 550 (here Qawwām Aūrdū-shāh); at Kānwa 556, 569.

+Qāẓī Bihzādī+—Bābur forbids unlawful drinks in his house (925) 398.

+Qāẓī Ghulām+—escapes death by pretending to be a slave (904) 102.

+Qāẓī Jīā+—waits on Bābur (932) 527; on service 530, (933) 544, (935) 639; joins Bābur 667; on service 668, 682.

+Qāẓī of Kābul+—waits on Bābur (925) 395.

+Qāẓī of Samāna+—☛ complains of Mundāhir attack (936) 693, 700.

+Qismatāī Mīrzā+—on Bābur's service in Hindūstān (932) 474, (933) 545, 546-7, 548; his untimely praise of the Rājpūt army 548, 550.

+Qilka+ Kāshgharī—escapes death (904) 102.

+Qīzīl+ tawāchī—messenger of Shāh Beg Arghūn to Bābur (925) 395.

+Qublāī Khān+, great-grandson of Chīngīz Khān—his building at Qarshī 84 n. 2; [♰693 AH.-1294 AD.].

+Qūch Beg+ (Qūj), son of Aḥmad qarāwal—in the left wing at Khūbān (905) 113; his courage at Bīshkharān 118; leaves Bābur for Ḥiṣār (906) 129; ? reprieved at Qāsim qūchīn's request (914) 345; on Bābur's service (925) 374, (925) 384; at Parhāla 390; comes on summons to Kābul 409; referred to as dead (933) 565; his brother Tardī Beg q.v.

+Qūch+ Arghūn—allotted in Qalāt to Qāsim qūchīn (913) 339.

+Qūch Beg+ Kohbur Chaghatāī, son of Ḥaidar-i-qāsim—at Sar-i-pul (906) 139; in Samarkand besieged 142, 143, 144.

+Qul-arūk+—drowned in the Sind-water (910) 237.

+Qul-bāyazīd+ bakāwal—particulars 237; swims the Sind-water (910) 237; at Qandahār (913) 335, 338; his son Tīzak q.v.; his tomb near Kābul 198.

+Qulī Beg+ Arghūn—known as attached to Bābur (913) 337; returns from an embassy to Kāshghar (925) 415; his brother Aḥmad-`alī Tarkhān q.v.

+Qūlij Bahādur+ Aūzbeg—mentioned in T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawi's account of Jām (935) 636 n. 2.

Mīrzā +Qūlī Kūkūldāsh+, see Mīrzā-qulī.

+Qulī-muḥammad+ Būghdā qūchīn—particulars 40.

Ustād +Qul-muḥammad+ `Aūdī—particulars 291; his musical training owed to Nawa'ī 272.

+Qul-nachāq+—holding Balkh for the Bāī-qarās (912) 294, 296; surrenders it to Shaibānī 300.

+Qul-naẕar+ of T̤aghāī Beg—sallies out from Samarkand (906) 142; does well 144.

+Qurbān+ Chīrkhī—sent into Bhīra (925) 381; a false rumour about him as invited into Balkh (935) 625; gifts to his servants 633; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669; on service 678.

+Qus̤am ibn `Abbās+, one of the Companions—his tomb at Samarkand 75.

+Qusum-nāī (?)+—on service (932) 534.

+Quṯb Khān+ Sarwānī—not submissive to Bābur (932) 523; Mahdī Khwāja sent against him in Etāwa 530; takes Chandwār (933) 557; abandons both places 579, 582; defeated 587.

Khwāja +Quṯbu'd-dīn+ Aūshī (Ūshī)—his birthplace in Farghāna 475 n. 6; Bābur visits his tomb in Dihlī (932) 475; [♰633 AH.-1235 AD.].

+Qūtlūq Khwāja Kūkūldāsh+—with Bābur in Samarkand (906) 143, 144; host to Bābur (925) 398, 407; held up as an example 406.

+Qūtlūq-muḥammad Kūkūldāsh+, foster-brother of Daulat-sulṯān Khānīm—brings Bābur letters from Kāshghar (925) 409 (where for "Daulat" read Qūtlūq).

+Qūtlūq-nigār Khānīm+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, mother of Bābur—particulars 21; mentioned 17, 19; in Andijān (900) 43; entreats her son's help (903) 88, 89; sent to join him in Khujand 92, and in Aūrā-tīpā (905) 136; her Mughūls rebel (904) 105; with Bābur in Samarkand (906) 136; leaves the town with him (907) 147; hears of a sister's death 148-9; goes to her own family in Tāshkīnt 149; her dangerous illness ib.; her safety leaves Bābur free (908) 157, 158; ☛ with him in Sūkh 184; uses his tent in the exodus from Farghāna (910) 188; left in Kāhmard 189; crosses Hindū-kush and rejoins him in Kābul 197; her death (911) 21, 246; her treatment as a refugee in Tāshkīnt (908) contrasted with that of her refugee-relations in Kābul (912) 318; her concern for her son's marriage affairs (905) 120, (910) 48; her old governess 148; [♰911 AH.-1505 AD.].

+Qūtlūq-qadam+ qarāwal—out with Bābur (910) 236-7; in the left-centre at Qandahār (913) 335; on service (925) 403, (932) 458, 460, 468, 471, 530; in the left wing at Pānīpat 472 and at Kānwa (933) 567, 570; on service 475; host to Bābur (926) 424; his tomb and bridge near Kābul 198, 204; [♰934 AH.-1528 AD.?].

+Qūtlūq-sulṯān Begīm+, daughter of Mīrān-shāh son of Tīmūr—wife of Ḥusain Qānjūt 256 n. 5.

+Rābi`a-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—Qarā-gūz Begīm—daughter of Aḥmad—particulars 13, 35.

Sayyid +Rafī`u'd-dīn+ Ṣafawī—Mullā Rafī`—mediates for Niẕām Khān with Bābur (933) 539; concocts tonic powders (935) 606; at a feast 631.

Khwāja +Raḥīm-dād+, paternal-nephew of Mahdī Khwāja—receives and obtains possession of Gūālīar (933) 539, 540, 547; his quarters and constructions there (935) 607, 610, 613; Bābur sleeps in his flower-garden 612, 613; action against him as seditious 688-9, (936) 690; his son held as hostage and escapes (935) 688-9; ☛ Ibn Batuta's account of him 692 n. 1; ☛ no sequel of his rebellion mentioned in the Akbar-nāma 692.

+Raḥmat+ pīāda—conveys letters to Kābul (932) 466.

+Rāja of Kahlūr+—☛ waits on Bābur (936) 699.

+Rajab-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Maḥmūd—particulars 48, 49.

+Ramẓān+ lūlī—a musician at parties (925) 387, 388.

+Rāo+ Sarwānī, see Dāūd.

Sulṯān +Rashīd Khān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Sa`īd and Makhtūm Qālūchī (T.R. trs. p. 187)—his Qāzzāq marriage 23.

Mr. Thomas +Rastel+—an illustration drawn from his morning-draught recorded [1623 AD.] 395.

+Rānā Ratan-sī+—successor of his father Sangā in Chītor 613; mentioned in connection with the Khīljī jewels ib.; his younger brother Bikramājīt q.v.

+Rauḥ-dam+—musician at entertainments (925) 385, 387, 388; in a raft-misadventure 407.

+Rawū'ī+ Sarwānī (Rāo)—serving Bābur (933) 538 (here read as Dāūd), (935) 682; host to Bābur (934) 588.

+Rīnīsh+ (var. Zīnīsh) Aūzbeg—his defeat by T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī (934) 618, 622 (where in n. 1 for "934" read 935 as the date of the battle of Jām); [♰934 AH.-1528 AD.].

A +Rūmī+ prescribes for Bābur (935) 657, 660.

Rāja Rūp-narāin—included in Bābur's Revenue List 521.

+Ruqaiya Aghā+, wife of Badī`u'z-zamān Bāī-qarā—captured in Herāt and married by Tīmūr Aūzbeg 328.

+Ruqaiya-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of `Umar Shaikh—particulars 18, 19; [♰cir. 935 AH.-1528 AD.].

+Rūstam-i-`alī+ Turkmān—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; on service (925) 377, (933) 538; in the tūlghuma of the left-wing at Kānwa 568, 569.

+Rustam Khān+—Ilīās (p. 576)—captures Bābur's commander at Kūl (Koel) (933) 557, 576; captured and flayed alive 576.

+Sa`ādat-bakht Begīm++—Begīm Sulṯān+—Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain—particulars 266-7.

Nāṣiru'd-dīn +Sabuktīgīn+ Ghaznawī Turk—the humble status of his capital 217; a legend concerning him 219; his son Maḥmūd q.v.; [♰387 AH.-997 AD.].

+Sadharān+ Tānk Rājpūt—his acceptance of Islām 481 n. 5.

Pahlawān +Ṣādiq+—made to wrestle (935) 650; forbidden as an antagonist 653; wrestles 688.

Mullā +Sa`du'd-dīn Mas`ūd+ Taftazānī—a descendant of 283; [♰792 AH.-1390 AD.].

Sulṯān +Sa`īd Khān+ Ghāzī, Chaghatāī Chīnqīz-khānid, son of Aḥmad—particulars 698 nn. 2, 3, 349; meets Bābur (908) 159; stays with him in Kābul (914) 318, 349-50; receives Andijān from him (916) 318, 357; loyal to him 344 n. 2, ☛ 351-2; sends an envoy to him (917) 22; Ḥaidar Dūghlāt goes from Bābur to Sa`īd (918) 362; two kinswomen take refuge with him (923 and 924) 24 (where in n. 1 delete the second sentence); reported to have designs on Badakhshān (925) 412; an envoy to him returns 415; ☛ named as a principal actor between 926 and 932 AH. 427; writes and sends gifts to Bābur (932) 446; ☛ invades Badakhshān (936) 695-6; ☛ gist of a letter from Bābur to him 697-8; ☛ Bābur moves menacingly for the North-west 698; his full-brother Khalīl, his son Rashīd, his wife Ḥabība, and kūkūldāsh Yāngī Beg q.v.; [♰939 AH.-1533 AD.].

+Sa`īdlīq Sa`d+ Turkmān—defeated by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (873?) 260.

+Saif-i-`alī Beg+ Bahārlū Qarā-qūīlūq Turkmān, father of Bairām Khān-i-khānān—particulars 91 n. 3.

Maulānā +Saifī+ Bukhārī—`Arūẓī—particulars 288; [♰909 AH.-1503-4 AD.].

+Saif Khān+ Nūḥānī, son of Daryā Khān—deserts `Ālam Khān Lūdī (932) 457.

+Saifu'd-dīn Aḥmad+, Shaikhu'l-islām in Herāt—particulars 283; takes the keys of Herāt to Shaibānī (913) 328; his pupil Muḥammad-i-yūsuf q.v.; killed by Shāh Ismā`īl 283; [♰916 AH.-1510 A.D.].

Ḥājī +Saifu'd-dīn Beg+, ? uncle of Tīmūr—his descendant Walī Beg 272.

+Sakma+ Mughūl—rebels against Bābur (914) 345.

+Ṣalāḥu'd-dīn+ (Silhādī)—particulars 562 n. 3, 614 n. 2; his force at Kānwā (933) 562; attack on him planned and abandoned (934) 598; Bābur visits village near his birthplace (935) 614; mentioned 628 n. 2.

+Ṣāliḥa-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī, daughter of Maḥmūd and Pasha, wife of Bābur—(name not now in the Turkī text) 47; ☛ the likelihood that she and "Dil-dār" were one 713 (where read Ṣāliḥa).

+Ṣāliḥa-sulṯān+ Mīrān-shāhī—Āq Begīm—daughter of Aḥmad and Qātāq—particulars 35; gifts from her wedding reach Bābur (900) 43.

+Salīma-sulṯān Begīm+—☛ her parentage 713.

Sulṯān +Sālīm+ Rūmī—takes Badī`u-z-zamān Bāī-qarā, a captive, to Constantinople (920) 327 n. 5; ☛ defeats Ismā`īl Ṣafawī at Chāldirān (920) 443, 469; [♰926 AH.-1520 AD.].

+Ṣamad+ Mīnglīghī—wounded and dies 106; [♰904 AH.-1499 AD.].

Mehtar +Saṃbhal+, slave of Shāh Beg Arghūn—particulars 338 n. 2; captured at Qandahār and escapes (913) 338; ☛ Commander in Qandahār and revictuals it for Shāh Beg 432.

Sulṯān +Sanjar+ Barlās Turk, son of `Abdu'l-lāh—incites a Mughūl revolt in Kābul (912) 313-17; spared on family grounds 317.

Sulṯān +Sanjar Mīrzā+ Mervī—his daughter Bega Sulṯān Begīm's Bāī-qarā marriage (cir. 860) 267.

Rānā +Sangā+ Mewārī—particulars 483, 558 n. 2; his capture of Chanderī 593; proffers Bābur co-operation against Ibrāhīm Lūdī (931?) 426, 529; fails him (932) 529; takes Kandār 530, 539; Bābur's attack on him deferred 530-1 and determined (933) 538; his strength and approach 544, 547; defeated at Kānwa 559-574; escapes 576; references to the battle 267, 533, 579, 582, 583, 599, 600, 630 n. 4, 637, 663; his lands not invaded, on climatic grounds 577, 578; Bābur's planned attack on him in Chītor frustrated (934) 598; his wife Padmāwatī and sons Ratan-sī and Bikramājīṯ q.v.; his trusted man Medinī Rāo q.v.; [♰934 AH.-1528 AD.].

+Sangur Khān+ Janjūha—waits on Bābur (925) 383; on service 389, 419; killed in a sally from Bīāna 548; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Mīr +Sar-i-barhana+, see Shamsu'd-dīn Muḥammad.

+Sārīgh-bāsh Mīrza+ Itārachī—sent by The Khān (Maḥmūd) to help Bābur (908) 161, 170.

Mullā +Sarsān+—Kāmrān's messenger and custodian of Ibrāhīm Lūdī's son (933) 544.

+Sar-u-pā+ Gujūr—Bābur's guide to Parhāla (925) 389, 391.

+Satrvī Kachī+—his force at Kānwa (933) 562.

Sulṯān +Sātūq-būghra Khān Ghāzī Pādshāh+ (b. 384 AH.-994 AD.).—a surmised descendant 29 n. 8; his style Pādshāh 344 n. 2.

+Sayyid Amīr+, see Nūru'd-dīn Chaghanīānī.

+Sayyid Dakkanī+—Shāh T̤āhir Khwāndī Dakkani—present at a feast (935) 631.

+Sayyid Daknī+ Shīrāzī, or Ruknī, or Zaknī—receives honours and orders (935) 619; on his name and work ib. n. 2, 634 n. 1; (see supra).

+Sayyidī Beg T̤aghāī+, see Sherīm T̤aghāī.

+Sayyidīm `Alī+ darbān (? Muhammad-`alī), son of Bābā `Alī Beg—particulars 307; serving Khusrau Shāh (901) 60-1; leads the Rustā-hazāra to join Bābur (910) 196; a follower punished 197; takes Bāī-qarā service (912) 307; drowned by Badī`u'z-zamān 307-8; [♰cir. 913 AH.-1507 AD.].

+Sayyid Mashhadī+ (var. Masnadī)—brings Bābur news of Khwāja Raḥīmdād's sedition (935) 688.

+Sayyid Mīrzā+ Andikhūdī, ? brother of Apāq Begīm—his two Bāī-qarā marriages 267.

+Sayyid Rūmī+—at a feast (935) 631.

+Sayyid T̤abīb+ Khurāsānī—attends Bābur's mother (911) 247.

+Shād Begīm+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—particulars 263-4; her husband `Ādil Sulṯān Aūzbeg q.v.

+Shādī+, a reciter—his son Ghulām-i-shadī 292.

+Shādī Khān+ Kīwī Afghān—fights and submits to Bābur (910) 233.

+Shādmān+ chuhra—wrestles (935) 660.

+Shāh Bābā+ bīldār—entrusted with building work (935) 642.

+Shah-bāz+ qalandar—his tomb destroyed by Bābur (925) 377.

+Shah-bāz+ Qārlūq—serving Taṃbal (908) 170.

+Shāh Beg+ Arghūn—Shuja` Beg—son of Ẕū'n-nūn—his close association with his father 274; mentioned as with him in Qandahār (902) 71, (910) 198, 227; they give refuge to Badī`u'z-zamān Bāī-qarā (902) 71, (913) 307; act with the Mīrzā (903) 94, 95; favoured by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 264; his dominance ib.; proffers and renounces co-operation with Bābur against Shaibānī (913) 330, 331-2; loses Qandahār to him 337-8; ☛ released from Ṣafawī imprisonment by his slave Saṃbhal's devotion (917) 338 n. 2, 365; news of his taking Kāhān reaches Bābur (925) 395; his interpretation of Bābur's reiterated attack on Qandahār 365, ☛ 427; other suggestions for the attack of 926 AH. 430; ☛ action of his checks an expedition into Hindūstān (926) 428, 429, 430; ☛ his position and political relations 429; Bābur's campaign against Qandahār (926-928) 366, 430-436, App. J. xxxiv; ☛ final surrender to Bābur (928) ib.; ☛ his death 437, 443; his son Shāh Ḥasan, brother Muḥammad Muqīm, slave Mehtar, commissary Qīzīl q.v.; [♰930 AH.-1524 AD.?].

+Shāh Begīm+ Badakhshī, wife of Yūnas Khān Chaghatāī—particulars 22-3; visited by Bābur (903) 92, (907) 149, (908) 157; delays to accept his plans 158; meets her younger son Aḥmad 159; ☛ ordered by Shaibānī to stay in Tāshkīnt 184; comes to Bābur in Kābul (911) 246; disloyal (912) 317; his reflections on her conduct 318-9; goes to Badakhshān (913) 21, 35, 341; captured by Abā-bikr Kāshgharī; her sons Maḥmūd and Aḥmad, her daughter Daulat-sulṯān, her nephew Sanjar Barlās; her grandsons Mīrzā Khān and Sa`īd (and his brothers) q.v.

+Shāh-i-gharīb Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Khadīja—particulars 261, 268; his retainer Āhī the poet 289 n. 3; [♰902 AH.-1496-7 AD.—Ḥ.S. lith. ed. iii, 260].

+Shāhī+ qalandar—plays the ribāb (925) 417.

+Shāhī+ ṯamghāchī—appointed clerk (935) 629.

+Shāhīm+ (Shāh Muḥammad?)—sent for news (932) 454; climbs into Chanderī (934) 595 (here yūz-bāshī); his brother Nūr Beg q.v.

+Shahīm-i-nāṣir+—one of eight fugitives from Akhsī (908) 177.

+Shāh-jahān Pādshāh+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—☛ 184; his imitation of Bābur (1030) 298 n. 3; ☛ his work in Bābur's burial-garden 710, App. V, lxxx; [♰1076 AH.-1666 AD.].

+Shāh Muhammad+ muhrdār, son of Bābā Qashqa—on Bābur's service (925) 388, (935) 688; his kinsmen see s.n. Bābā Qashqa; [♰958 AH.-1551 AD.].

+Shāh-qulī+ ghichakī—a guitar-player—particulars 291.

+Shāh-qulī+ Kūl-ābī—goes into Ḥiṣāt (935) 640; his brother Wais q.v.

+Shāh-qulī+, ? servant of Div Sulṯān (p. 635)—sent to give Bābur a report of the battle of Jām (935) 649; conveys from Bābur an acceptance of excuse to T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī 649.

+Shahrak+—conveys letters and a copy of Bābur-nāma writings (935) 652, 653.

+Shahr-bānū Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Abū-sa`īd—particulars 268; married to Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (cir. 873) and divorced (876) 21 n. 1, 268.

+Shahr-bānū Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī, (ut supra), daughter of `Umar Shaikh, wife of Junaid Barlās—particulars 18.

+Shāhrūkh Mīrza+ Barlās Turk, son of Tīmūr—mentioned in a genealogy 14; ruling in Herāt when Ḥusain Bāī-qarā was born there (842) 256; his wazīr serves Ḥusain (after 873) 281; [♰850 AH.-1447 AD.].

+Shāhrukh-Sulṯān+ Afshār Turk—commands a reinforcement for Bābur from Ismā`īl Ṣafawī (917) 354.

+Shāh Ṣufī+—does well in Samarkand (906) 144.

+Shāh Sulṯān Begīm+ (? Arghūn), wife of Ābū-sa`īd Mīrān-shāhī and mother of `Umar Shaikh—her parentage not stated 13 n. 5, 45 n. 1; goes from Akhsī to Andijān when widowed (899) 32; a mediator (905) 113; her death announced (907) 149; [♰906 AH.-1501 AD.].

+Shāh-suwār+ Mughūl—fights in single combat (904) 106.

+Shāh T̤ahir+ Khwāndī Dakkanī, see Sayyid Dakkanī.

+Shāh-zāda+, ? Shāh Ḥasan Arghūn—(926) 417, 418.

+Shāh-zādā+ Mungīrī, son of Naṣrat Shāh—negociates with Bābur (935) 676 (where the note reference "5" should follow Mungir).

+Shaibak+ pīāda—brings news of Hind-āl's birth (925) 385.

A +Shaibān-Aūzbeg Sulṯān's+ marriage 23.

Muḥammad +Shaibānī Khān+—Shaibāq Khān—Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid—his relations with Ḥamza and Mahdī Sulṯāns q.v.; invited to help Bāī-sunghar (903) 73; raids Shīrāz 92; defeats Tarkhāns in Dabūsī (905) 40, 124, (906) 137; takes Bukhārā 125; is given Samarkand by `Alī Mīrān-shāhī 125; murders the Mīrzā (906) 128; his men murder Khwāja Yaḥyā and two sons 128; loses Samarkand by Bābur's surprise attack 131, 132, 134; Bābur's comparison of this capture with Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's of Herāt 135; Bābur's estimate of Shaibāni's position 137-8; defeats Bābur at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 138-141; besieges Samarkand and effects its surrender (906) 142-7; receives an envoy from Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 145; crosses the frozen Saiḥūn and raids Shahrukhiya 151; plunders Aūrā-tīpā 152-3; referred to (908) 158, 168; invited into Farghāna 172; defeats the Chaghatāī Khāns and Bābur at Archīān 18, ☛ 183; captures Andijān (909?) 192; beheads Walī Qībchāq (910) 196; takes Khwārizin (911) 242, 255-6; co-operation against him invited by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (910) 190, (911) 255; his men beaten in Badakhshān (911-2) 294-5; takes Balkh 300; his capture of Herāt (913) 263, 275, 296-7, 325-330; besieges Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī in Qandahār and retires 339-40, 343; a recognized menace to Kābul 21 n. 4, 340, 342; orders Sa`īd Chaghatāī's death (914) 349; ☛ murders Chaghatāī and Dughlāt chiefs 350; war begun with Shāh Ismā`īl (915) 350; defeated and killed at Merv 350; his wives Mihr-nigār Chaghatāī, Khān-zāda Mīrān-shāhī, Zuhra Aūzbeg q.v.; his sons Tīmūr and Khurram q.v.; Banā'ī his retainer (906) 136; creates a Tarkhān 133; [♰915 AH.-Dec. 1510 AD.].

+Shaikhī+—receives gifts (935) 633.

+Shaikhīm Beg+, amīr and poet of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 277, 286; [♰918 AH.-1512-3 AD.].

+Shaikhīm Mīrzā+ Aūzbeg—holding Qarshī for his nephew `Ubaidu'l-lāh (918) 360.

+Shaikhīm+ mīr-shikār—loses one of Bābur's good hawks (925) 394.

+Shaikhī+ nāyī, flautist in Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's Court—particulars 291; owed his training to Nawā'ī 272.

Shaikh +Sharaf+ Qarā-bāghī—his arrest for sedition (935) 687-8.

Shaikh +Sharafu'd-dīn+ Munīrī—his father Shaikh Yaḥyā Chishtī 666; his writings read aloud to Akbar 666 n. 7; [♰782 AH.-1380 AD.].

+Shāmī+ (Syrian)—deserts from Qandahār (913) 343.

+Sher-afgan+, brother of Tardī and Qūj Begs—on Bābur's service (933) 538.

+Sher-i-aḥmad+—belittled as good company (935) 648.

+Sherak Beg+ Argūn (var. Sher, Sherka)—serving Muqīm Arghūn (910) 195; defeated and takes service with Bābur 196, 198; in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

+Sher-i-`alī+ Aūghlān, Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khanīd—mentioned in Yūnas Khān's genealogy 19.

+Sher-i-`alī+ chuhra (a brave?)—deserts Bābur (906) 129; put to death under suspicion (911) 248.

Mīr +Sher Ḥājī Beg+ Kūnjī Mughūl—his daughter's marriage with Yūnas Khān 20 (where for "`Alī-sher" read Sher Ḥājī).

+Sherīm+ (Sher-i-muhammad?) chuhra, a brave?—defends Ḥiṣār (910) 244; killed at Qūndūz ib.; [♰910 AH.-1505 AD.].

+Sherīm T̤aghāī+ Kūnjī Mughūl—T̤aghāī Beg—maternal uncle of Bābur's mother—supports Bābur (899) 29, (903) 91, 98; captured by Taṃbal (905) 110; released 119; in Samarkand (906) 141, 143, 188; Bābur's reflections on his conduct 141, 188; thinks of leaving Bābur (910) 188; on his service 194, 197, 234; loses an index-finger 235; his post against rebels (912) 314; an opinion on game (kiyīk) (913) 325; in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334, 337; counsels a retreat to Badakhshān from Kābul 340; ☛ disloyal (916) 351; heads Mughūl revolt in Ghaznī (921) 363; defeated 364, 397; takes refuge with Bābur 364; his son Tūqā q.v.; his (and other) abbreviated names 29 n. 2.

+Sherīm Z̤ikr Beg+—put to death in Kābul under `Abdu'r-razzāq (909?) 195 n. 3.

+Sher Khān+ Lūdī Afghān, son of `Ālam Khān—on his father's service (932) 455.

+Sher Khān Sūr+ Afghān—Farīd Khān—Sher Shāh—favoured by Bābur (934) 652; serving Maḥmūd Lūdī (935) 652; co-guardian of Jalāl Khān Nūḥānī with Dūdū Bībī 652 n. 1, 664 n. 2; writes dutifully to Bābur 659; his training, cognomen and one of his marriages 664 n. 2, 659 n. 4; his victory over Humāyūn (1540) 652 n. 3.

+Sher Khān+ Tarkalānī—host to Bābur (926) 424.

+Sher-qulī+ qarāwal Mughūl—loyal to Bābur (912) 315; at Qandahār (913) 333, 335; rebels (914) 345.

Bābā +Sher-zād+, see Bābā Sher-zād.

Mullā +Shams+—very riotous (932) 453.

Sulṯān +Shamsu'd-dīn+ Āīltmīsh (Altamsh) of the Slave dynasty in Dihlī—his buildings in Gūālīār 610, 611; [♰633 AH.-1236 AD.].

Sayyid +Shamsu'd-dīn Muḥammad+—Mīr Sar-i-barahna—particulars 280.

+Shamsu'd-dīn Muḥammad+—bearer of letters between Khwāja Kalān and Bābur (935) 644, 645, 649.

Maulānā +Shihāb+ mu`ammāī—arrives in Āgra from Herāt (935) 605; invited in verse by Bābur 683; [♰942 AH.-1535 AD.].

Khusrau's +Shihabu'd-dīn+—on Bābur's service (935) 689, (936) 690.

Shaikh +Shihābu'd-dīn+ `Arab—at a feast (935) 631.

Mu`z̤z̤u'd-dīn +Shihābu'd-dīn Muḥammad+ Ghūrī—his capital Ghaznī 217; mentioned as a conqueror of Hindūstān 479; his position contrasted with Bābur's 479-80, 481; [♰602 AH.-1206 AD.].

Shāh +Sikandar+—on Bābur's service (932-3) 546; sent to Bihār (935) 664.

+Sikandar-i-Filkūs+—Alexander of Macedon—Badakhshī chiefs claim of descent from him 22; a surmise that he founded Samarkand 75; his supposition that the Indus was the Nile a probable root of a geographical crux 206 n. 3; [♰327 B.C.].

Sulṯān +Sikandar Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, nephew of Ḥusain—parentage 257; his wife Sulṯān-niẕhad q.v.; [♰908 AH.-1502-3 AD.].

Sulṯān +Sikandar+ Lūdī Afghān, son of Buhlūl—over-lord in Bhīra (910) 382, 383; his treasure 470, exhausted (935) 617; his siege of Gūālīār 477; his capture of Jūnpūr and Dihlī (881) 481, 571 n. 5; Bābur visits his tomb (932) 476; his brother `Ālam Khān and sons Ibrāhīm and Maḥmūd q.v.; ☛ his death and its date 427 and n. 3; [♰923 AH.-1517 AD.].

+Sikandar Shāh+ Gujrātī—his accession and murder 534-5 (where for "2nd" read 932); [♰932 AH.-1526 AD.].

+Sīktū+ Hindū—father of Dīwa q.v.

+Sīūndūk+ Turkmān—his hands frost-bitten (912) 311; in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; rebels against Bābur (914) 355.

+Sīūnjuk Sulṯān Khān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān, Chīngīz-khānid, son of Abu'l-khair—☛ besieges Tāshkīnt (918) 358, 396; his son Bārāq at Jām (935) 622.

+Sohrāb Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā, son of Abū-turāb—particulars 262.

The +Spanish Ambassadors+—the place of their first interview with Tīmūr 78 n. 2.

+Sulaimān+—offers his horse to a wounded man (908) 175.

+Sulaimān Āqā+ Turkmān—envoy of T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī to Bābur (933) 540, 583; in the right wing at Kānwa 566.

+Sulaimān Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Mīrzā Khān (Wais)—☛ brought to Kābul on his father's death (927) 433 n. 1; in the right centre at Pānīpat (932) 472, and at Kānwa (933) 565; ☛ sent to govern Badakhshān (936) 697-8, 699; ☛ Bābur's protective warning to Sa`īd Chaghatāī 697-8 (here styled Shāh Mīrzā); on his descent 698 nn. 2, 3; meets his rebel grandson Shāhrukh (cir. 983) 191 n. 2; [♰997 AH.-1589 AD.].

Mīān Sūlaimān Shaikh-zāda Farmūlī Afghān—reinforces `Ālam Khān Lūdī (932) 456; gives him 4 laks 457; Bābur dismounts at his Dihlī home 476.

Malik Shāh +Sulaimān+ Yūsuf-zāī Afghān—murdered by Aūlūgh Beg Kābulī App. K, xxxvi; his sons Manṣūr and T̤āūs, his nephew Aḥmad q.v.

+Sulṯān-bakht Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Abū-sa`īd—her daughter visited by Bābur (935) 616.

+Sulṯānīm Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī (ut supra), daughter of Aḥmad and Qātāq—particulars 36.

+Sultānīm Begīm+ Bāī-qarā (ut supra), daughter of Ḥusain and Chūlī Begīm—particulars 265; arrives in Kābul (925) 397; dies on her way to Āgra (933) 265; her husbands Wais Bāī-qarā and `Abdu'l-bāqī Mīrān-shāhī, her son Muḥammad Sulṯān Mīrzā and grandson Aūlūgh Mīrzā (265 n. 5) q.v.; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

+Sulṯān Malik+ Kāshgharī, Duldāī Barlās Turk—his sons Ḥāfiz Muḥammad and Aḥmad Ḥājī Beg, his brother Jānī Beg q.v.

+Sulṯān-nigār Khānīm+ Chaghatāī Chingīz-khānid, daughter of Yūnas Khān and Shāh Begīm—particulars 23; long parted from a half sister (907) 149; meets her brother Aḥmad (908) 159; mentioned in Bābur's reflection on disloyal kinsfolk (912) 318; writes to him from Kāshghar (932) 446 n. 2; her son Wais [Mīrzā Khān] and grandson Sulaimān q.v.; [♰934 AH.-1527-8 AD.].

+Sulṯān-niẕhād Begīm+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain and Pāpā—particulars 266; her husband Sikandar Bāī-qarā q.v.

+Sultān-qulī+ and +Sulṯān `Alī+, see Bābā-qulī and Bābā `Alī.

+Sulṯān-qulī+ chūnāq, Mughūl—his fidelity (904) and treachery(?) (914 and 921) 105, 109 n. 5; falls into a pit outside Kābul (910) 198; does a bold deed 236; out with Bābur (911) 252-3; rejoins Bābur from Herāt (913) 330-1; in the Mughūl rebellion at Ghaznī (921) 364 n. 1.

Sulṯān +Suyūrghatmīsh Mīrzā+ Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Shāh-rukh—mentioned in his son Mas`ūd's genealogy 382.

+T̤aghāī Beg+, see Sherīm T̤aghāī.

+T̤aghāī Shāh+ bakhshī—put in charge of Shāh Beg's treasury (913) 338.

+Tāham-tan+ Turkmān—particulars 279; his grandson Muḥammad-i-zamān q.v.

+T̤āhir Beg+ Dūldāī Barlās Turk, son of Ḥāfiẓ-i-muḥammad—joint governor of Mīrzā Khān (905) 122; feeds the famished Bābur (907) 148.

+T̤āhir+ tībrī—finds Ibrāhīm Lūdī's body (932) 475; surprised by Rājpūts (933) 549.

Shāh-zāda +T̤ahmāsp+ Ṣafawī `Arab, son of Ismā'īl—☛ mentioned as reigning from 930-932 AH. 427; Bābur's envoy to him (930) returns with gifts (933) 540, 560 n. 2, 538, ☛ 712; his campaigns against the Aūzbegs (934) 618, (935) the battle of Jām 617 n. 3, 622-4 (where on p. 622 n. 1 read 935 for "934"), 625 n. 4, 635-6; his own account of the battle 635-6; desires peace 639 n. 3; his envoys in Āgra 630, 632; his friendship enjoined on Kāmrān 645; [♰984 AH.-1576 AD.].

+Tāj Khān+ Sārang-khānī Afghān—sends Bābur news that Maḥmūd Lūdī's army has broken up (935) 654; waits on Bābur 657; brings news which prevents hunting 658; sent on service 682; superseded in Chunār by Junaid Barlās 683.

+Tāju'd-dīn Maḥmūd+ Arghūn—holding Qalāt for Muqīm (913) 339; waits on Bābur (925) 418.

Sulṯān Aḥmad +Taṃbal+ Itārachī Mughūl—with Bābur at Asfara (900) 53; wounded near Samarkand (902) 67; promoted (903) 86; deserts Bābur under privation 86, 87; joins Aūzūn Ḥasan in supporting Jahāngīr in Farghāna 87-8; induces The Khān (Maḥmūd) to withdraw support from Bābur 91; his tyranny (904) 100-1; brings Jahāngīr against Bābur in Marghīnān 101; his men drubbed out of Akhsī and defeated at the ferry 101-2; loses Andijān 103; is joined by anxious Mughūls 105; takes Jahāngīr against Andijān and retires 106-7; Bābur's campaign against him (905) 108-110, 112-5; defeated at Khūbān 113; helped feebly by The Khān 115-6; opposes Bābur at Archīān 117 and at Bīshkārān 118; terms made 118-9; waits on Bābur 119; his ill-influence 119, 125; makes Qaṃbar-i-`alī prisoner 124; deserters to him 118, 125, 156; moves against The Khān (906) 145, 154; an uncle's rough comment on him 145; is sent Nūyān's sword by Bābur (907) 150-1; conspiracy against him 154; the two Khāns join Bābur against him (908) 161-176; wounds Bābur with Nūyān's sword 166-7, 396; terms with him repudiated by Bābur 169, 171; invites Shaibānī into Farghāna 172; occupies Akhsī citadel 173; left by Jahāngīr 173-174; mentioned to Bābur in the flight from Akhsī 178, 182; ☛ helped by Shaibānī 183; defeated by him and killed 244 and n. 3; a couplet of Muḥammad Ṣāliḥ's about him 289; his brothers Beg Tīlba, Khalīl, Muḥammad and Bāyazīd q.v.; [♰909 AH.-1504 AD.].

+Tāng-ātmīsh Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-Shaibān?—at a feast (935) 631; his descent 631 n. 4; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669.

+Tardī Beg+, brother of Qūj (Qūch) and Sher-afgān—in the left centre at Pānīpat (932) 472, 473, and at Kānwa (933) 565; on service 538-9, 582, (934) 590, 602; [♰946 AH.-1539 AD.].

+Tardī Beg+ khāksār—Bābur visits him (925) 417-8; makes verse dropping down the Kābul-river (932) 448; praises a spring and receives a district 467, 581; returns to the darwesh-life (933) 583; conveys a gift to Kāmrān in Qandahār 583.

+Tardīka+—Tardi yakka (568 n. 1)—on service (932) 462; in the right wing [tūlghuma] at Kānwa (933) 568, 579; joins Bābur at Dugdugī (935) 651; on service 678.

+Tardī-muḥammad+ Jang-jang, son of Muḥammad Jang-jang—sent into Bhīra (935) 661, 664.

+Tardī-muḥammad+ Qībchāq—at entertainments (925) 386, 400.

+Tarkhān Begīm+ Arghūn Chīngīz-khānid, daughter of `Abdu'l-`alī—particulars 36.

+Tarsam Bahādur+—punishes the Mundāhirs (936) 700-1.

+Tarsūn-muḥammad Sulṯān+—serving Humāyūn (935) 640.

Malik +T̤āūs+ Yūsuf-zāī Afghān—escorts his sister Mubāraka to her wedding with Bābur (925) 375.

+Tātār Khān+ Kākār (or Gakar)—particulars 387; detains one travelling to Bābur (925) 386; killed by his cousin Hātī 387, 389; Bābur dismounts at his house in Pauhāla 390; [♰925 AH.-1519 AD.].

+Tātār Khān+ Sārang-khāni Afghān—Khān-i-jahān—in Gūālīār and not submissive to Bābur (932) 523; surrenders (933) 539-40; on Bābur's service (935) 582 (here Khān-i-jahān).

+Tātār Khān+ Yūsuf-khail Lūdī Afghān—particulars 382, 383; his son Daulat Khān q.v.; [♰a few years before 910 AH.-1504-5 AD.].

Amīr +Tīmūr Beg+ Barlās Turk—Ṣaḥib-i-qirān—mentioned in genealogies 14, 256; his birthplace Kesh 83; Samarkand his capital 75, 77, 78; his description of Soghd 84; his removal of the body of Sayyid Barka to Samarkand 266 n. 4; circumambulates Shaikh Māṣlaḥat's tomb (790) 132 n. 2; and Aḥmad Yassawī's (799) 356; captures of Qarshī 134 n. 1; his example followed in the bestowal of Farghāna 14; his gifts of the governments of Dihlī 487 and Samarkand 85; his descendants styled Mīrzā down to 913 AH. 344; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā the best swordsman of his line 259 and greatest in his lands 191; a descendant 567; favoured begs 19, 39; one of his old soldiers 150; a descendant effects the migration of fowlers to Multān 225; Bābur's victory where his had been at Pul-i-sangīn 352; his and his descendants rule in Hindūstān 382; their loss of lands to the Aūzbegs 340; his builders and Bābur's numerically compared 520; [♰807 AH.-1405 AD.].

+Tīmūr `Us̤mān+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—mentioned 280.

+Tīngrī-bīrdī+ Bashaghī (?) Mughūl—in the left wing [tūlghumā] at Pānīpat (932) 473.

+Tīngrī-bīrdī Beg+, son of Qāsim qūchīn—helps to beat down snow for a road (912) 308-9; in the left wing at Qandahār (913) 334, 336; his servant at Bajaur (925) 361; entertains Bābur 401; returns to his districts Khwāst and Andar-āb 403; overtakes Bābur at Jūī-shāhī 410; acts swiftly for him (932-3) 546.

+Tīngrī-qūlī+, a musician—plays at Bābur's entertainments (925) 385, 386, 388; upset into the Parwān-water 407; first given wine 415.

+Tīrahī Sulṯān+—takes a letter to Khwāja Kalān (925) 411.

Mulla +Tirik-i-`alī+ (= Pers. Jān-i-`alī ?)—fights for Bābur at Bajaur (925) 368 and (on his name) n. 5; on service (933) 551 (where read Tirik).

+Tīzak+, son of Qūl-i-bāyazīd bakāwal—captured as a child and kept 4 years (910) 197.

+T̤ūfān+ Arghūn—joins Bābur and so creates a good omen (913) 333.

Sayyid +T̤ufān+—on Bābur's service (932) 453.

+Tūghlūq-tīmūr Khān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—mentioned in Yūnas Khān's genealogy 19.

+Tūka+ Hindū (var. Nau-kār)—given charge of gifts for Kābul (932) 525.

+Tūkhtā-būghā Sulṯān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Aḥmad (Alacha Khān)—waits on Bābur (934) 601; at a feast (935) 631; referred to as serving Bābur 318; works magic 654; in the battle of the Ghogrā 672, 673; receives praise, thanks, and guerdon 674, 677; on service 682; [♰cir. 940 AH.-1533-4 AD.].

+Tūlik Kūkūldāsh+—Taṃbal strikes him with Bābur's sword (912) 316; defeats Aūzbegs in Badakhshān (925) 408; on Humāyūn's service (935) 640; his servant Barlās Jūkī q.v.

+Tūlmīsh+ Aūzbeg—in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 669; on service 678.

+Tūlūn Khwāja Beg+, Bārīn Mughūl—particulars 87; on Bābur's service (902) 66, (903) 88; killed 88; [♰903 AH.-1498 AD.].

+Tūn-sulṯān+ (var. Yūn) Mughūl—ghūnchachī of `Umar Shaikh 24.

+Tūqā Beg+, son of Sherīm T̤aghāī—captured by Taṃbal when serving Bābur (904) 106; killed as a prisoner 107; [♰904 AH.-1499 AD.]

Khwāja +`Ubāidu'l-lāh+ Aḥrārī Naqshbandī—his righteous influence in Samarkand 42; his intervention for peace between `Umar Shaikh and kinsmen 62 and n. 1; Pashāghar once his village 97; disciples named by Bābur, Aḥmad and `Umar Shaikh Mīrān-shāhī, Darwesh Beg Tarkhān, and Maulānā-i-qāẓī q.v.; held in slight esteem by Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī 46; his family ill-treated by Maḥmūd (899) 41; dreamed of by Bābur (906) 132; his Wālidiyyah-risāla versified by Bābur 619-20, 468 n. 4, ☛ 604; his sons [Muḥammad `Ubaidu'l-lāh] Khwājakā Khwāja and Yaḥya q.v.; [♰895 AH.-1491 AD.].

+`Ubaidu'l-lāh Sulṯān Khān+ Aūzbeg, Shaibānī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Maḥmūd and nephew of Shaibānī—defeats two pairs of Bāī-qarā Mīrzās (913) 263, 329-30; defeated at Merv (917) 354; defeated north of Bukhārā ib.; his vow and return to obedience 348, 356; victorious over Bābur at Kūl-i-malik (918) 201 n. 7, 357-8; routs Najm S̤ānī at Ghaj-davān 360-1; avenges Mughūl tyranny in Ḥiṣār 362; attacks Herāt (927) 434; takes Merv (932) 534, 617 n. 2; takes Mashhad (933) 534, 623 n. 3; attacked by T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī (934) 618, 622; defeated at Jām (935) 622 (where in n. 1 for "934" read 935), 635-6; T̤aḥmāsp's description of him 636 n. 2; his wives by capture Ḥabība Dūghlāt and Mihr-angez Bāī-qarā q.v.; [♰946 AH.-1539 AD.].

Rāwāl +Ūdai-singh+ Bāgarī—his force at Kānwa (933) 562; his death 573; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

+Ūlugh, Ūlūs+, see Aūlūgh, Aūlūs.

Mīr +`Umar Beg+ Turkmān—particulars 279; his sons Abū'l-fatḥ and `Alī Khān q.v.

+`Umar Mīrzā+ Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Mīrān-shāh—mentioned 262 n. 3.

+`Umar Shaikh Mīrzā I+, son of Tīmūr—mentioned 14 (where in l. 3 for "and" read who); receives Farghāna 14; [♰797 AH.-1395 AD.].

+`Umar Shaikh Mīrzā II+ Mīrān-shāhī, father of Bābur—particulars 16-19, 24-28; his lands 17, 24, 50, 55, 95 n. 2, 103; Akhsī his capital 10; his ambition 12; his family relations 12; betroths Bābur 35, 120; Farghāna invaded (899) 13; his death 13, 29, 32, App. A, i, iii; his house used by Bābur (908) 172 and his tomb visited (900) 54, (908) 173; his mother Shāh Sulṯān Begīm q.v.; his retainers Tūlūn Khwāja, `Abdu'l-wahhāb, Khwājakī Khwāja q.v.; his old tailor 30; mentioned 6; [♰899 AH.-1494 AD.].

+Umīd Āghācha+ Andijānī, ghūnchachī of `Umar Shaikh—her son Nāṣir q.v.; [♰before 899 AH.-1494 AD.].

+`Us̤mān+, the Third Khalif—Bābur surmised that Samarkand became Musalmān in his reign 75; [♰murdered 35 AH.-665 AD.].

Mullā-zāda Mullā +`Us̤mān+—particulars 284; his birthplace Chīrkh 217.

Amīr +Wāḥid+—his tomb in Herāt visited by Bābur (912) 306; [♰35 AH.-655-6 AD. ?]

Beg +Wais+—brings news from Kābul to Āgra (933) 536.

Pīr (or Mīr) +Wais+—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; released (905) 119; leaves Samarkand during the siege (906-7) 146.

Shaikh +Wais+—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; leaves Samarkand during the siege (906-7) 146.

+Wais Ātāka+—his canal at Kābul 200.

+Wais Khān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, father of Yūnas Khān—mentioned 19; his sons Yūnas and Aīsān-būghā q.v.; [♰832 AH.-1428-9 AD.].

Sulṯān +Wais+ Kūlābī—his friendship recommended to Humāyūn (935) 627; ☛ reinforces Qila`-i-ẕafar (935 or 936) 696; his daughter Ḥaram Begīm q.v.

+Wais+ Lāgharī +Beg+ tūghchī—particulars 28; joins The Khān (Maḥmūd) (899) 32; safe-guards his ward Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī ib.; on service for Bāī-sunghar (902) 65; waits on Bābur 66; stays with him at a crisis (903) 91; on his service (904) 98, 100, 101, 106; at Khūbān (905) 113; advises 117; plundered by `Alī-dost 119; leaves Samarkand during the siege (906-7) 146; his son (?) Beg-gīna q.v.

+Wais+ Mīrān-shāhī, see Mīrzā Khān.

Sulṯān +Wais Mīrzā+ Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Bāī-qarā II—parentage 257; his cousin and wife Sulṯanīm q.v.

Sulṯān +Wais+ Sawādī—mentioned 372; sent to collect a tax he had fixed (925) 374; receives gifts and leave 376.

Sulṯān +Wālāma+ Taklū—mentioned in Shāh T̤ahmāsp's account of the battle of Jām (935) 626 n. 2.

Pīr +Walī+ Bārlas Turk—☛ loses Sīwīstān to Shāh Beg (cir. 917) 429 n. 1.

+Walī Beg+ Barlās—particulars 272-3; his son Muḥammad-i-Walī q.v.; [♰973 AH.].

+Walī Beg+ Qībchāq Turk, brother of Khusrau Shāh—particulars 51; on his brother's service (901) 60, 64, (902) 71, (903) 93-4; mentioned (906) 129, (910) 191 by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā; inquired for from Khusrau by Bābur 193; defeated by Aīmaqs 196; his death 51, 196; his former followers gathered together 242; [♰910 AH.-1504 AD.].

+Walī+ khazānchī, Qarā-qūzī—captured by Taṃbal in Akhsī (908) 181; in the left centre at Qandahār (913) 335; his matchlock shooting at Bajaur (925) 369; on service 391, (932) 458, 465-6, 471; in the right wing at Pānīpat 472, 475, and at Kanwā (933) 566; his ill-behaviour in the heats 524.

+Walī+ pārschī (cheeta-keeper)—receives a gift (935) 633.

+Walī Qīzīl+ Mughūl—rebuked (932) 453; in the right-wing [tūlghuma] at Pānīpat 473; made shiq-dār of Dihlī 476; on service (934) 601, (935) 638.

+Yādgār-i-muḥammad+ +Mīrzā+ Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Muḥammad—his capture of Herāt referred to 278; his defeat by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā at Chanārān (874) 260; his loss of Herāt to Ḥusain (875) 260, 279, compared with Shaibānī's of Samarkand to Bābur (906) 134-5; the date of his death referred to 259 n. 1; his Master-of-horse Mīr (Qambar-i-)`alī q.v.; [♰875 AH.-1470-1 AD.].

+Yādgār-i-nāsir Mīrzā+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Nāṣir—gifts made to him (935) 632; [♰953 AH.-1546 AD.].

+Yādgār-i-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī (ut supra), daughter of `Umar Shaikh—particulars 18; her Aūzbeg marriage (908) 18, 356; her return to Bābur (917) 356.

+Yādgār T̤aghāī+—his daughter Bega Begīm q.v.

Khwāja +Yaḥyā+, younger son of `Ubaidu'l-lāh Aḥrārī—his part in the Tarkhān revolt (901) 63; treats with Bābur (904) 98; welcomes him to Samarkand (905) 124; waits on Shaibānī (906) 127; banished by him and murdered with two sons 128, 147 n. 4; his house mentioned 133; his sons Muḥammad Zakariya and Bāqī, his grandsons `Abdu'sh-shahīd and Khwāja Kalān q.v.; [♰906 AH.-1500 AD.].

Shaikh +Yaḥyā+ Chīshtī—his tomb visited by Bābur (935) 666; his son Sharafu'd-dīn Munīrī q.v.

+Yaḥyā+ Nūḥānī, at the head of Hindūstān traders—allowed to leave Kābul (925) 416.

+Yaḥyā Nūḥānī+ (perhaps the man last entered)—waits on Bābur (935) 676; a grant and leave given 683; his younger brother (no name) 683.

+Yakka Khwāja+—on Bābur's service (934) 598; in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 671; drowned 674; his brother Qāsim q.v.; [♰935 AH.-1529 AD.].

+Yāngī Beg Kūkūldāsh+—brings Bābur letters and gifts from Kāshghar (932) 445-6.

+Ya`qūb-i-ayūb+ Begchīk, son of Ayūb—on Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's service (901) 58; proffers Khusrau Shāh's service to Bābur (910) 192-3.

Sulṯān +Ya`qūb Beg+ Āq-qūīlūq Turkmān—a desertion to him 275; affords refuge to Banā'ī 287; his beg Tīmūr `Uṣman Mīrān-shāhī q.v.; [♰896 AH.-1491 AD.].

Maulānā +Ya`qūb+ Naqshbandī—his birthplace Chīrkh 217; [♰851 AH.-1447 AD.].

+Ya`qūb+ tez-jang—☛ one of five champions defeated in single combat by Bābur (914) 349 n. 1.

+Ya`qūb Sulṯān+—mentioned as at Jām 636 n. 2.

Mullā +Yārak+—plays one of his compositions and incites Bābur to compose (926) 422.

+Yārak T̤aghāī+ (var. Yārīk)—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; locum tenens in Akhsī (905) 116; retaliates on Turkmān Hazāras (911) 253; takes charge of sheep raided by Bābur (912) 313; in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334.

+Yār-i-`alī+ Balāl, Bahārlū Qarā-qūīlūq Turkmān, grandfather of Bairām Khān-i-khānān—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; wounded (905) 109 (where in n. 5 for "father" read grandfather); rejoins Bābur (910) 189; on his Tramontane service (932-3) 546.

+Yār-i-ḥusain+, grandson of Mīr (Shaikh) `Alī Beg—waits on Bābur (910) 228; asks permission to raise a force in Bābur's name 231; kills Bāqī Chaghānīānī (911) 250-1.

+Yārīm Beg+—Yār-i-muḥammad?—on Bābur's service (913) 337.

+Yīlī-pars Sulṯān+ Aūzbeg-shaibān—his brother Aīsān-qulī (q.v.) 265.

+Yīsūn-tawā Khān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—mentioned in Yūnas Khān's genealogy 19.

+Yūl-chūq+—conveys a message to Bābur (904) 99.

+Yūnas-i-`alī+, son of Bābā `Alī Lord-of-the-Gate—surprised at a Tuesday's fast (925) 398; on Bābur's service 278, 468 (where read his name in l. 3) 475, 521; in the right centre at Pānīpat (932) 472, 473 and at Kānwa (933) 565, 569; has charge of Ibrāhīm's mother 543, 545; makes a garden (932) 532; in social charge of T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī's envoys (935) 631; inquires into Muḥammad-i-zamān Bāī-qarā's objections to Bihār 661, 662; in the battle of the Ghogrā 671; at entertainments (925) 400, (935) 683; his kinsman Ibrāhīm qanūnī q.v.

+Yūnas Khān+ Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, Bābur's maternal grandfather—particulars 19-24; made Khān of the Mughūls by Bābur's grandfather 20, 344 n. 2, 352; his friendly relations with Bābur's father 12; receives Tāshkīnt from him 13; defeats him 16; his sons Maḥmūd and Aḥmad q.v. and daughters 21-4; his servant Qaṃbar-i-`alī q.v. mentioned 92 n. 1, 149, 565 n. 1; [♰892 AH.-1487 AD.].

Khwāja +Yūnas+ Sajāwandī—his birthplace in Luhūgur (Logar) 217.

+Yūsuf-i-`alī+—musician at entertainments (925) 385, 387, 388, 418.

+Yūsuf-i-`alī+ bakāwal—on Bābur's service in Bajaur (925) 375.

+Yūsuf-i-`alī Kūkūldāsh+—made joint-dārogha in Herāt (911) 293; Bābur's cicerone in Herāt (912) 304; his good dancing 303.

+Yūsuf-i-`alī+ rikābdār—conveys a letter concerning Hind-āl's pre-natal adoption (925) 374; receives a gift for swimming 401; meets Bābur 418; (?) in Saṃbhal (934) 587; (?) dies there 675, 687 (here `Alī-i-yūsuf); [♰935 AH.-1529 AD.].

Khwāja +Yūsuf+ Andijānī, a musician—particulars 4.

+Yūsuf-i-ayūb+ Begchīk, son of Ayūb—Bābur warned against him (910) 190; takes service with Bābur 196; winters with Nāṣir 241; leaves Bābur for Jahāngīr (911) 190, 254.

+Yūsuf+ badī`—particulars 289; [♰897 AD.-1492].

Sayyid +Yūsuf Beg+ Aūghlāqchī, son of Murād—particulars 39; waits on Bābur from Samarkand (903) 72; holding Yār-yīlāq for `Alī Mīrān-shāhī (904) 98; dismissed from Khurāsān on suspicion 98; joins Bābur (910) 196; advises him 197; his death 241; his brother Ḥasan and sons Muḥammad-i-yūsuf and Aḥmad-i-yūsuf q.v.; [♰910 AH.-1505 AD.].

+Yūsuf dārogha+ of Akhsī?—interviews Bābur during the flight (908) 181-2.

Sayyid +Yūsuf+ Machamī—particulars 118; opposes Bābur (905) 118, 117 n. 2.

+Zāhid Khwāja+—abandons Saṃbhal (933) 557; on service (935) 682; [♰953 AH.-1546 AD.].

Shaikh +Zain+ Khawāfī—verse-making on the Kābul-river (932) 448; his account of Bābur's regretted couplet 448 n. 5; goes into Dihlī for the Congregational Prayer 476; makes a garden at Āgra 532; recalls a vow to Bābur (933) 553; his inshā on Bābur's renunciation of wine and of the tamghā 553-6; his Fatḥ-nāma of Kānwa 559-574, and chronograms of victory 575; in the left centre of the battle 565; prefers requests for Muḥammad-i-zamān Bāī-qarā (935) 662; invited in verse by Bābur 683; his maternal uncle Abū'l-wajd q.v.; [♰940 AH.-1533-4 AD.].

+Zainab-sulṯān Begīm+—her granddaughter met by Bābur near Āgra (935) 616.

+Zainab-sulṯān Begīm+ Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Maḥmūd—particulars 48; married to Bābur (910) 48, 711; [♰cir. 912 AH.-1506-7 AD.].

+Zard-rūī+—on Bābur's service (935) 668, 669.

+Zar-dusht+ ("Zoroaster")—mentioned in a verse 85.

Bībī +Zarīf Khātūn+—her daughter Māh-chūchūq 199 n. 1, 342 n. 3.

+Zubaida Aghācha+ Jalāīr—particulars 267, 273 n. 2; [♰before 911 AH.-1506 AD.].

+Zubaida Khatūn+, wife of Khalīfa Hārūnu'r-rashīd—a surmise concerning her 306 n. 1; [♰216 AH.-831 AD.].

+Zubair+ Rāghī—revolts against Aūzbeg rule in Badakhshān (910) 242, (912) 295; defeats Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī 321; standing firm (913) 340; [♰914 AH.-1508 AD.].

+Zuhra Begī Āghā+ Aūzbeg, concubine of Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī—particulars 47, 49; intrigues disastrously with Shaibānī (905) 125-6, (906) 127-8.

Mīr Shaikh +Ẕū'n-nūn Beg+ Arghūn—particulars 274-5; captures Shāl (Quetta) (884) 429 n. 1; his ward-ship of `Alī Mīrān-shāhī (900) 55; imprisons Khalīfa 55; surrenders Aūrā-tīpā 56; serving Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (901) 57, 60 n. 3; becomes an ally of the rebel Badī`u-z-zamān (902) 71, (903) 94-5, 260; invited by Ḥusain to co-operate against Shaibānī (910) 190, 191; goes for refuge to Ḥusain 243; dealings with his son Muqīm 198, 227, 248; his title Lion-of-God 281; part of the coalition government in Herāt (911) 293; defeats Aūzbegs (912) 296; social matters 298, 299, 307; hears plain speaking from Qāsim Beg qūchīn 304; his futile opposition to Shaibānī (913) 326; defeated and killed 275, 327; his retainer Jān-aīrdī; [♰913 AH.-1507 AD.].

Index II. Geographical.

Ābāpūr (S.E. of Āgra), Bābur at 642-3.

Abā-qūrūq (Kābul), Bābur at 197.

Āb-burdan (Upper Zar-afshān), description of 152; spring and pass of 152; a route through 40 n. 4.

Āb-dara (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), Bābur takes up good ground at 353.

Āb-dara (Hindū-kush), a winter-route through 205, 242, 321, 351.

Āb-i-khān (Farghāna), Taṃbal in 110, 112.

Āb-i-rahmat = Qarā-sū q.v. (Samarkand), mentioned to locate Kān-i-gil 78, 81.

Āb-istāda (S.E. of Ghaznī) described 239; Bābur at 218, 239.

Abīward (Khurāsān), Anwārī's birthplace 260 n. 1.

Āb-i-yār-qūrūq (Samarkand), Bābur in 66.

Abuha or Anuha (N.W.F.P. India), limits Sawād 400.

Ābūn- or Ātūn-village (Kābul), Bābur at 407.

Ādampūr or Ārampūr-pargana (U.P. India), Bābur at 650, 684; 682 n. 1; location of 650 n. 3; 684 n. 3.

Adīnapūr (Kābul), on the Surkh-rūd 209; of the name 207, App. E, xxi; a dārogha's head-quarters 208; the Bāgh-i-wafā near 421, 443; Bābur at 229.

Adūsa-and-Mūrī (U.P. India), Bābur at 645.

Afghānistān, Bābur's limitation of the name 200; demerits of its mountains 223.

Āgra, revenue of 521; `Ālam Khān plans to attack 455-6, 474; estimate of Pānīpat casualties made in 474; submits to Bābur 523; exhaustion of treasure in 617; a military rendezvous 676; supplies from 685; hot season in 524; measurement of Kābul-Āgra road 629; water-raising in 487; Bābur takes oleanders to 610; his workmen in 520, 630, 642; keeps Rāmẓān in 584; receives letters from 639; comes and goes to and from 478, 548, 581, 606, 686; others ditto 475, 526, 540, 576-8, 606, 621-4, 650; mentioned to locate places 529, 531 (2), 588, 597, 641, 650-8, 680.

Āhangarān (on the Herī-rūd, Khurāsān), 308 n.

Āhangarān-julgā (S.E. of Tāshkīnt), Bābur at 90, 152, 161.

Ahār-passage (Ganges), Bābur's troops at 528.

Aībak, mod. Hāībak, Fr. map Boukhara, Hai-bagh (Kābul-Balkh route), Bābur at 189; a rebel near 546, and for location 546, n. 2.

Aīkarī-yār (Kābul), Bābur's scouts fight near 196.

Aīkī-sū-ārā = Mīyān-dū-āb = Between-the-two-waters (Farghāna) an alternative name Rabāṯik-aūrchīn 88; located 88, n. 2; Mughūls in 88, 105; Bābur in 114; Taṃbal in 116.

Aīlāīsh- or Aīlāmīsh-daryā, ? Qarā-daryā (Farghāna), Bābur's men defeated on, 105; game near 114.

Aīlāk-yīlāq (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), Bābur at 187-8, 194.

Aīlchī (E. Turkistan), of the name 50, n. 2.

Aīndīkī var. (Kābul), Bābur gathers tooth-picks near 407.

`Aīsh-pushla (Farghāna), Taṃbal near 106; Bābur near 165.

Aītmāk-dābān (Samarkand) described 83; a boundary 84; 64 n. 1; 80 n. 2.

Āī-tūghdī (Kābul) position of 253 n. 3; Bābur at 253.

Ajar Fort (in Kāhmard, or Kahmard q.v. Fr. map Maïmènè), Bābur's and his followers' families left in 189; various occurrences in 197, 243, 293; a plan to defend 191; gifts to its peasantry 633 n. 5.

Akhsī, Akhsīkīt (Farghāna), described 9; book-name of 9 and n. 4; position of 13; —`Umar Shaikh's capital 10; exploit at 16; death at 13; —a rebel at 26; a death in 40; appointments to 32, 115; a notable of 110; a village of 171; a melon of 82; besieged 31-2, 54; threatened 44; army of, called up against Bābur 110; comings and goings from and to 87, 90, 101-3, 124, 161, 176, 180, 182, 183; river-fight below 102; Bābur at 54, 116, 170-1-2; apportioned to Jahāngīr 118-9; an army hostile to Bābur near 162; promised to Bābur 168; his attempt to defend 173-6; his flight from 176, 396; Shaibānī defeats the Chaghatāī Khāns near 18, 182, 351-6.

Akrīāda-pargana (Panj-āb), a holder of 453.

Alāī-tāgh (Farghāna), on a Ḥiṣār—E. Turkistān route 129; sub-districts of 162.

Alangār-tūmān (Kābul), described 210; a constituent of the true Lamghānāt 210; a holder of 241; Bābur in 424.

Ālā-qūrghān = Ikhtiyāru'd-dīn (Herāt), Bābur reported captive in 313; the Bāī-qarā households in 327; captured by Shaibānī 328.

Ālā-sāī-bulūk (Kābul), described 220-1; wines of 221.

Ālā-tāgh (s. of Qalāt-i-ghilzāī, Afghānistān), over-run 249.

Alexander's Iron-wall (Darband q.v. Caspian Sea), mentioned in metaphor 564; purpose of 564 n. 3.

Alexandria ad Caucasum (Kābul), site of 214 n. 7.

Alghū-tāgh var. Aūlūgh-tāgh (mid-Oxus valley), a Bāī-qarā arrival near 60.

`Alī-ābād (Samarkand), Shaibānī in 135.

`Alī-masjid (Khaibar-route), Bābur passes 394, 411-2, 450; description of its spring 412 n. 1.

`Alī-shang-tūmān (Kābul), described 210; a constituent of the tune Lamghānāt 210; a holder of 241; Bābur in 342, 424.

Allāhābād (India), see Pīāg.

Almālīgh (E. Turkistān), depopulation of 1; located 2 n. 1; referred to 162 n. 2.

Almār (s. of Maïmènè, Fr. map), Bābur passes through, 296.

Ālmātū (E. Turkistān), depopulation of 1; located 2 n. 1; referred to 162 n. 2; *a battle near 349.

Altī-shahr (E. Turkistān), an occasional name of Yītī-kīnt 11 n. 6.

Alwār, Alūr (Rājpūtāna), a rebel leaves 545; an arrival from 687; mentioned to fix limits 577-8-9; gift made of its treasure 519; an appointment to 578.

Aṃbahar (N.W.F.P. India?), on a suggested route 376; pass of 376.

Aṃbāla (Panj-āb), Bābur at 465.

`Aṃbar-koh (Qūndūz), a fight on 61.

Amla (Kābul), Bābur at 422.

Amrohā (U.P. India), revenue assigned of 685.

Amū-darya, Oxus, Bābur on 48, 189, 249, others on 57, 74, 193, 244, *359; of Trans-Amū tribes 242; limits territory 49; *Bābur's fortunes lost beyond 426; —ferries of, Aūbāj, 93, 95 (where for Aūbāj read Chār-jūī), 110, 189, Chārjūī (which read for Aūbāj), Kilīf 57, 191, Kīrkī 191, Tīrmīz 191.

Andar-āb (n. of Hindū-kush), a n. boundary of Kābul 200; mountains of 221; roads from 205; a holder of 403; comings through 51, 193 (Bābur's), 196.

Andarābā (Panj-āb), Bābur at 391-2.

Andijān (Farghāna), description of 3-4; the capital, sport in, pure Turkī in, climate of 4 —its water 5, mountains of 15, 55, 102, 118, 125; tribes of 162; a grass of 221; its Chār-bāgh 29; celebrities of 4, 280; mentioned to locate places, etc., 4, 8, 10, 16, 113, 396; its railway 30 n. 5; given to `Umar Shaikh I and II, 14; people of led into captivity 20, 22; Bābur its governor 29 n. 1; succeeds in it 29; attacks on 27, 30, 54, 87-8, 106-8, 161-8, 171, 192; captures of 18, 20, 89, 90, 122, 192, 244; demanded from Bābur 87, 168, 318, 351-2; Aūzbeg chiefs wait on Bābur in 58; lost by Bābur 89-90, 122; his attempts to regain 92-7-8, 162-5; succeeds, 103-4, 115; proposed disposition of 118; the cause of his second exile from 105; he compares it with Samarkand 123; a raid near 164; its army on service, 48, 87, 101, 171-2; occupied by Sa`īd Khān 351-7, 362; commandants of 25, 32, 44; gifts sent to 633; comings and goings to and from 32, 58, 64, 102-3-6-8-9, 113, 145, 150, 165-8, 170, *183, 399; Bābur's comings and goings to and from 55, 66, 71, 114-9, 174; hint of another visit 358 and n. 2; (see Farghāna).

Andikān (Farghāna), 161 see Andijān.

Andikhūd (w. of Balkh, Khurāsān), fighting near 46, 260; plan to defend 191; Sayyids of 266-7-8; a commandant of 279; a traitor in 325.

Anwār, ? Unwāra (near Āgra), Bābur at 589, 641.

Āqār-tūzī (Samarkand), a battle near 34.

Āq-būrā-rūd (Farghāna), rapid descent of 5 n. 3.

Āq-kūtal (between Soghd and Tāshkīnt), a force passes 111.

Āq-qāchghāī (Aūrā-tīpā, Samarkand), a rapid message through 25.

Āq-sū (Aūrā-tīpā, Samarkand), Aḥmad Mīrānshāhī dies on 33.

Āq-sū (Eastern Turkistān), 20 n. 5, 29 n. 5.

`Arabia, a bird of 497.

Arāt (Kābul), App. G. xxv.

Archa-kīnt (Farghāna), a road through 116.

Archīān-qūrghān (Farghāna), Taṃbal enters 117; scene of the Chaghatāī Khāns' defeat 117 n. 2, *182, *351 (where read Archīān for "Akhsī"), 356 (here read near Akhsī).

Argand-āb (Qandahār) irrigation off-takes of 332 n. 4, 333 n. 4.

Ārī-pargana, Arrah (Bihār, India), Bābur in 664-6.

Arind-water, Rind (U.P. India), Bābur on 684.

Arūpār (U.P. India), see Rūpār.

Arus-, Urus-, Arys-sū (W. Turkistān), a battle near 16.

Asfara (Farghāna), described 7; Persian-speaking Sārts of 7 and n. 3; a holder of 115; Bābur takes refuge in 7 and sends gifts to Highlanders of 633 and n. 4; Bābur captures 53; Bābur in a village of 123.

Asfīdūk (Samarkand), Bābur in 131-2.

Aspara or Ashpara (Mughūlistān), Abū-sa`id Mīrān-shāhī leads an army to 20.

Astar-āb (e. of Pul-i-chiragh, Fr. map Maïmènè), tribes in 255.

Astarābād (Khurāsān), partridge-cry in 496; oranges of 510; a poet of 290 n. 3; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and 46, 95, 259, 260, 261, 272; assignments of 61-9, 70, 94; commandants in 272 (Nawā'ī), 275; two Bāī-qarās put to death in 262, 266.

Atak, "Attock" (on the Indus), locates Nīl-āb 206 n. 3, and Bābā Walī Qandahārī's shrine 332 n. 4.

Atar (Kābul), located 211; Bābur at 343, 422-3.

Aūba, Ubeh, "Obeh" (on the Herī-rūd), a holder of 274.

Aūd (U.P. India), see Oude, Oudh.

Aūlābā-tū (Ghazni), Bābur at 323.

Aūlīā-ātā (E. Turkīstān), 2 n. 1.

Aūlūgh-nūr (Kābul), located 209; a route past 209; on the "nur" of the name App. F, xxiii; Bābur at 421-5.

Aūnjū- or Ūnjū-tūpa (Farghāna), Bābur at 110.

Aurangābād (Ḥaidarābād, Dakhin, India), a grape of 77 n. 2.

Aūrā-tīpā (between Khujand and the Zarafshān, Samarkand), its names Aūrūsh and Aūrūshna 77; an alp of 25; Dikh-kat a village of 149, 154; locates Khwās 17; escapes to 124, 141, 156; transfers of, to `Umar `Shaikh 17, to Aḥmad 27, 30, 35, to Muḥ. Ḥusain Dūghlāt 97; Aḥmad dies in 33; The Khān in 92; Bābur's family in 136; Bābur in 98-9, 124, 149 (2); enemies of Bābur in 152, 154.

Aūrganj or Ūrgenj (Khwarizm), a claim to rule in 266.

Aūrgūt (Samarkand), surrenders to Bābur, 68.

Aūsh, Ūsh (Farghāna), described 4; a trick of the ragamuffins of 6; course of its water 10; appointments to 32, 65; a raid near 25; an arrival from 112; fugitive to 168; dependencies of 109, 110; Taṃbal and 103-7, 123; Bābur's men in 114; oppression of 172; good behaviour at 176; Bābur at 108, 161-2-4-7-9 (advice to go to).

Aūṯrār, Ūṯrār, "Oṯrār" (W. Turkistān), see Yāngī.

Aūtrūlī, Atraulī (U.P. India), Bābur at 587.

Aūz-kīnt (Farghāna), refuge in planned, for the child Bābur, 29; Mughūls take refuge in 105; Jahāngīr, with Taṃbal, and 103, 114-6-8, 123; Bābur and 29, 108-9, 118, 161-2-9; Bābur's note on 162.

Awīghūr (Farghāna), a holder of 118, 125 n. 2.

Āẕarbāījān (on the Caspian), taken by White Sheep 49; cold of 219; a comer from 280; Tīmūr's workmen in 520.

Bābā Ḥasan Abdāl, i.e., Bābā Walī Qandahārī (Qandahār), irrigation-channels towards 332-6; shrine of the saint near Atack (Attock) 332 n. 4.

Bābā Ilāhī (Herāt), Ḥusain Bāī-qarā dies at 256; (see Fr. map Herat, Baboulei).

Bābā Khākī (Herāt), a rapid message from Farghāna to 25; an army at 326; located 25 n. 2, 326 n. 1.

Bābā Lūlī (Kābul), Bābur advances towards 315.

Bābā Qarā (Bajaur q.v.), spring of 371; ?identical with Khwāja Khiẓr 371 n. 1; valley of 367 n. 3.

Bābā Tawakkul's Langar (Farghāna), the younger Khān halts at 168.

Bābā Walī (Atak, Attock), see Bābā Ḥasan.

Bābur-khāna (Panj-āb), 450 n. 5.

Bāburpūr (U.P. India), Bābur at 644 n. 6.

Bachrātā var. (Farghāna), a ferry crossed near 116, 170 (by Bābur).

Badakhshān, Farghāna's s. boundary 1; Hindū-kush divides Kābul from 204; trees of 221; locates Kāfiristān 46; Kābul trade of 202; Bābur sends sugar-cane to 208; a poet of 288; Rusta Hazāra of 196; unprofitable to Bābur 480; reference to his conquest of 220; Greek descent of its Shāhs 22, 242; a series of rulers in 47-9, 208 n. 8, 243, 340, *426, *433, *697; a plan for defence of 191; Aūzbegs and 242, 294; considered as a refuge for Bābur 340; various begīms go to 21-2-4, 48; Nāṣir's affairs in 242-3, 321-2; a letter of victory sent to 371; Bābur plans going to 412; Bābur and Māhīm visit Humāyūn in 426, 436; Sa`īd Chaghatāī's affairs with 412, *695-6; *Humāyūn's desertion of 690, 707; *offered to Khalīfa 697 and n. 1; *contingent disposition of 706.

Badām-chashma (Kābul), climatic change at pass of 203; Bābur at 229, 409, 445.

Badāyūn (U.P. India), appointments to 267, 582.

Bādghīs (Khurāsān, n. of Herāt), Aūzbegs defeat Bāī-qarās in 275; Bābur in 296, 307.

Bād-i-pīch-pass, Bād-pakht? (Kābūl), a route through 209; Bābur goes through 343, 421; places an inscription in 343.

Badr-aū-bulūk, Tag-aū (Kābul), described 221; water of 227 n. 1; a route through 209; Bābur in 421.

Badrū-ferry (Ghogrā, Sarū); 667 n. 5.

Bādshāh-nagar (U.P. India), Bābur's visit gives the name to 678 n. 1.

Bāgar (Rājpūtāna), a holder of 573; identified 573 n. 2.

"Bāghdād," a variant for Būghdā 40 and n. 2.

Bāghlān (Qūndūz), nomads leave Kābul for 402.

Bahār or Bihār (Kābul), seat of a tribe 413; Bābur at 414.

Bahat, Bihat, Jhelum-river (Panj-āb), course of 485; Bābur on 382, *441, 453; crossed in fear of him 382.

Bahraich (U.P. India), revenue of 521; locates Ghazrā crossings 669.

Bajaur (N.W.F.P. India), concerning its name 367 n. 4, 571 n. 3; once a Kābul dependency 207; wines and fruit of 372, 510-1; monkeys and birds of 492-3-4; beer made in 423; a test of women's virtue in 211; Bābur and 367 to 370, 371-3, 377, *429; repopulation of 375; tribute of 400; Dost Beg's valour at 370, 397; Khwāja Kalān and 370, 411, 422-3; Bībī Mubārika left in 376; arrivals from 401.

Bakkak-pass (between Yaka-aūlāng and the Herī-rud valley), Bābur's perilous crossing of 309; an alternative pass (Zirrīn) 310 n. 2.

Baksar sarkār (U.P. India), revenue of 521.

Baksara (U.P. India), Bābur at *603, 660.

Balādar, Bīlādar (U.P. India), Bābur at 686.

Bālā-ḥiṣār (Kābul), present site of 198 n. 4; (see Citadel).

Bālā-jūī (Kābul), maker and name of 200 and n. 5.

Ballia (U.P. India), sub-divisions of 637 n. 1, 664 n. 8, 667 n. 2.

Balkh (Oxus valley), border-countries of 76, 261, 204; heat in 520; a melon-grower of 686; its trade with Kābul 202; holders of 18, 61-9, 257, 263, 275; exploits at 50, 93, 270; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and 70, 191; Khusrau Shāh and 93-4, 110, 270; Shaibānī and 294-6, 300, *363; Kītīn-qarā and 545-6; `Ubaid and 622; *Ismā`īl Ṣafawī and 359, 363; Muḥammad-i-zamān and *364, 385, *428; Bābur and 220, *359, *426-7, *442-4-5-6, 463 and n. 3, 546 n. 1, 625.

Balkh-āb, headwaters of 216; Bābur crosses 295.

Balnāth Jogī's hill (Panj-āb), Bābur near 452.

Bāmīān (Khurāsān ? w. of Ghūr-bund, Kābul), mountains of 215; how reached from Kābul 205; Khusrau Shāh and 96 (where for "Qāsim" read Kāmal); Bābur and 189, 311, *351, 409.

Bām-valley (Herāt), a langar in 308 n. 1; Bābur in 296, 297 n. 1.

Banākat, Fanākat = Shāhrukhiya (Tāshkīnt) 2 n. 5, 76.

Banāras, Benares (U.P. India), crocodiles near 502; threatened 652-4; Bābur near 657.

Banas-river (India), course of 485.

Bāndīr, Bhander (C. India), a fruit of 507; Bābur at 590-8.

Band-i-sālār Road (Farghāna), Bābur on 55, 116.

Bangarmāwū, Bangarmau (U.P. India), Bābur near 601.

Bangash tūmān (Kābul), described 220, 209, 233, 405; a holder of 27, 252; plan of attack on 229, 231-3, 382.

Bannū plain (N.W.F.P. India), a limit of Kābul territory 200; a waterless plain near 234; date of the modern town 232 n. 5; Bābur and 218, 231-2, 382, 394.

Bānswāra (Rājpūtāna), an old name of 573 n. 1.

Banūr (Patiāla, Panj-āb), Bābur on (Ghaggar) torrent of 464.

(The) Bar (Panj-āb), 380 n. 4.

Baraich (U.P. India), see Bahraich.

Barak or Birk (?N.W.F.P. India), mentioned as between Dasht and Farmū l 235.

Barakistān, Birkistān (Zurmut, Kābul), a tomb in 220; ? tongue of 207.

Barā-koh (Farghāna) described 5; position of 5 n. 2.

Bāramūla (Kāshmir), a limit of Sawād territory 372 n. 3.

Bārān-sū, Panjhīr-sū (Kābul), affluents to 210-1; the bird-migrants' road 224; migration of fish in 225; bird-catching on 228; routes crossing 209, 342; locates various places 207 n. 5, 215, App. E, xvii; —passers along 195, 242; Bābur and 254, 420, see Koh-dāman.

Bārān wilāyat (Kohistān, Kābul), Bābur in 253, 320, 405.

Bāra (N.W.F.P. India), road of 411; Bābur fords the water of 230.

Bārī (Rajpūtāna), hills of 486; hunting-grounds in 509 n. 2; Bābur at 509, 585.

Bārīk-āb (affluent of the "Kābul-river"), Bābur on 409, 414, 446.

Bast, Bost, Bust (on the Helmand, Afghānistān), Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's affairs at 94, 260.

Basṯam (`Irāq), a w. limit of Khurāsān 261 (where read Basṯam); captured 622.

Bateswār (U.P. India), ferry of 643 n. 3.

Bāzār and Tāq (India), see Dasht.

Bāzārak (Hindū-kush), described 205.

Beg-tūt (Kābul), earthquake action near 247.

Benares (India), see Banāras.

Bengal, Bangala (India), particulars of the rules and customs in 482; envoys to and from 637, 640, 665; army of 663; Bābur at ease about 677, 679 n. 7; traversed by the Ganges 485; a bird of 495; fruits of 504.

Between-two-waters (Farghāna), see Aīkī-sū-ārā.

Betwī-river, Betwa (C. India) described 597.

Bhānder (C. India), see Bāndīr.

Bhīlsān (C. India), Sangā's 483; Bābur's plan against 598.

Bhīra (Panj-āb), history of 382; revenue of 521; tribes of 387; Balūchīs in 383; locates places 379, 380, 381; limit of Lūdī Afghān lands 481, and of Bābur's in Hindūstān 520; servants from 616, 678; arrivals from 228, 391, 419; local soldiery 389, 539, rhinoceros in 490, Bābur and 377-8, 382-3-7, *429, 478; he stays in the fort of 384; safeguards people of 383, 478; sends prisoners into 461; summons by Māhīm of an escort from 650; a governor 386-8, 392-9.

Bhūjpūr (Bihār, India), Bābur at 662.

Bīah-sū, Beas (Panj-āb), course of 485; Bābur crosses 458.

Bīāna, Bayāna (Rājpūtāna), mountains in 486; red-stone of 532, 611; water-raising in 487; a dependency of 563; locates places 539, 613; disaffection to Bābur of 523-9; taken 530-8, 540-5; a gun made to use against it 537; praise of its soldiers 548, 550; an appointment to 579; asked for 613; Bābur at 577, 581; his workmen in 520; revenue from assigned to support his tomb *709.

Bīānwān pargana (U.P. India), assignment on 540.

Bībī Māh-rūī (Kābul), Bābur at 314.

Bīgrām, Bīkrām (Panj-āb), four ancient sites so-named 230 n. 2; Bābur at 230, 394, 450-1.

Bihār (India), a limit of Afghān lands in Hind 480-1, and of Bābur's 520; revenue of 521; Bābur and 639, 656, 677-9; an assignment on 676; mentioned as if Bābur's 561; Muḥammad-i-zamān and 661-3-4; an earlier Lūdī capture of 675; a dīwān of 661.

Bihiya (Bihār, India), Bābur at 662-7 n. 2.

Bih-zādī (Kābul), Bābur at 398, 416-8; wine fetched from 417; 19th century vinegar of 417 n. 2.

Bījānagar, Vījāynagar (Dakhin, Deccan, India), a ruler of 483.

Bīlādar (U.P. India), see Balādar.

Bīlah (Panj-āb), Bābur at 237.

Bilkir? (Kābul), Bābur at 420.

Bilwah ferry (Ganges), Bābur at 658.

Bīmrūkī pargana (Panj-āb), a holder of 453.

Birk and Birkistān, see Barak.

Bīshkhārān (Farghāna), good fighting at 28; Bābur at or near 117-8, 170.

Bīsh-kīnt (on the Khujand-Tāshkīnt road), Taṃbal at 145, 154; Bābur at 151.

Bī-sūt (Kābul), Bī-sūtīs migrated to Bajaur 375.

Bolān-pass (Balūchistān), *Shah Beg's entrance to Sind 429.

"Bottam" (? débouchement of the Zar-afshān), a word used by Ibn Hankal 76 n. 6.

Būdana-qūrūq (Samarkand), described 82; Bābur at 131 (here Quail-reserve).

Buhlūlpūr (Panj-āb), Bābur at 454.

Bukhārā (Transoxiana), described 82; w. limit of Samarkand 76, and of Soghd 84; deficient water-supply of 77; trade with Kābul 202; wines of 83; melons of 10, 82; bullies in 7; Bābur sends sugar-cane to 208; various rulers of 35, 38, 112; governors in 40, 52, 121; taken by Shaibānī 125; various attacks on 63-5, 124, *356-7-9, *354, *359, *360; Bābur's capture of 21, 704 n. 3; Mahdī Khwāja and 704 n. 3; various comings and goings from and to 62-3-4, 135, 534.

Būlān (Kābul), a route through 209.

Būlī (Rājpūtāna), revenues of 521.

Burhānpūr (C. India), Bābur on water of 592-8.

Burh-ganga (Old Ganges), its part in the battle of the Ghogrā 667 n. 2, 674 n. 6, 667 n. 2.

Būrka-yīlāq (Aūrā-tīpa q.v.), Bābur at the fort of 92, 124.

Busāwar (Rājpūtāna), Bābur at 548 (where read Busāwar) 581.

Bū-stān-sarāī (Kābul), Bābur at 251-4.

Bū-stān-sarāī (Samarkand), 62; Bābur at 74, 134.

Būt-khāk (Kābul), damming of its water 647; Bābur at 409, 446 n. 4.

Buz-gala-Khāna (Samarkand), see Aītmāk-dābān.

Chāch, see Tāshkīnt.

Chachāwalī (U.P. India), Bābur at 649.

Chach-charān (on the Herī-rūd), a holder of 274; Bābur at 308.

Chaghānīān (Ḥiṣar-ṣhādmān), located 48 n. 5; an earlier extension of the name 188 n. 4; Nūndāk dependent on 471; a meadow (aūlāng) of 129; a ruler in 47; Khusrau Shāh at 93; Bābur in 188.

Chāghān-sarāī bulūk, Chīghān-sarāī (Kābul), described 212; water of 211-2; name of 212 n. 2; a governor of 227; Bābur's capture of 211 (where for "920" read, *366-7 n. 3.)

Chahār see Chār.

*Chak-chaq pass (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), Bābur traverses 359.

Chāldirān (Persia), cart-defence in the battle of 469 n. 1.

Chaṃbal-river (C. India), course of 485; Bābur on 509, 585-9, 607, 614; Shāh-i-jahān pours wine into 298 n. 3.

Champāran (Bihār, India), revenue of 521.

Chanārān (n.w. of Mashhad), Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's victory at 260; located 260 n. 1 and Ferté q.v. p. 39 n. 2.

Chandāwal (Bajaur, N.W.F.P.), of its name 367 n. 3; torrent of 372; Bābur hunts near 372.

Chandawār, Chandwār (U.P. India), correct name of 642 n. 8; water-raising in 487; comings and goings from and to 531, 552, 582; Bābur at 589, 642-3; he loses it 557, 581.

Chandīrī (C. India), described 582-3-6; hills of 486; death of a holder of 573; mentioned to fix dates 269, 483, 605; Bābur's capture of 589, 590-2-4-8.

Chapar-kuda (U.P. India), identity of with Chaparghatta 650 n. 1; a start from 659 n. 5; Bābur at 650.

Chār-dār col (Hindū-kush), 204 n. 4.

Chār-dih plain (w. of Kābul-town), the Kābul-river traverses 200 n. 4; *overlooked from Bābur's tomb 710.

Chārikār, Chār-yak-kār (Kābul), altitude of 204 n. 4; name of ib. 295 n. 1; Judas-trees of 216 n. 3.

Chār-jūī ferry (Oxus), 95 (where "Aūbāj" is wrong).

Char-shaṃba = Wednesday (Oxus valley see Fr. map Maïmènè), 71 n. 2.

Chār-sū (Samarkand), an execution in 196.

Chār-yak (Fr. map Maimènè), over-run 295, 94 (where for "San-chīrīk" read San and Chār-yak).

Chashma-i-tūra pass (Kābul), Bābur at 403-4.

Chāsh-tūpa (Kābul), Bābur at 320.

Chatsū (Rājpūtāna), revenue of 521.

Chā-tū var. Jāl-tū (Kābul), Bābur at 228.

Chatur-mūk (U.P. India), a Ghogrā-crossing at 669, 677.

Chaupāra (N.W.F.P. India), an Indus ferry at 206; a limit of Bannū 233; Bābur near 234.

Chaupāra (U.P. India), ferry of 677-9.

Chausa (Bihār, India), a death at 273 n. 3; Bābur at *603, 659, 660.

Chausa or Jūsa (C. India), Bābur at 581.

Chīchīk-tū (Balkh-Herāt road), located 300; Bābur at 296.

Chihil-dukhtarān (Farghāna), 107, 162; (Herī) 296, 301; (Kābul), 107 n. 1.

Chihil-qulba (Kābul), Bābur hunts near 420.

Chīkmān-sārāī (Andikhūd, Oxus valley), a defeat at 46, 260, 268.

Chīn, Chīna, Kābul trade with 203; a Chīnī cup 407; [for "Chīna" see Khiṯāī].

Chīn-āb, Chān-āb, tract and river (Chen-āb, Panj-āb), course of 485; the Bar in 380 n. 4; a Turk possession 380-2; Bābur resolves to regain 380; he on the river *441, 453; envoys to him from 386; his family reach 659; an appointment to 386.

Chīna-qūrghān (Kābul), Bābur at 407.

Chīnīūt or Chīnīwat (Panj-āb), a Turk possession 380-2; Bābur resolves to regain 380.

Chirāgh-dān (Upper Herī-rūd), Bābur at 309; see Add. Note p. 309 for omitted passage.

Chirkh (Kābul), described 217; a mullā of 284; a soldier of 669, 678.

Chīr-sū, Chīr-chīk (Tāshkīnt lands), Aḥmad Miran-shāhī's disaster at 17, 25, 31-4-5.

Chitr (Panj-āb), Bābur at 645.

Chītūr, Chitor (Rājpūtāna), hills of 486; Bābur's plan against 598; Rānā Sangā's 483, 617.

Chunār (U.P. India), advance on 652-4; arrival from 657; appointments 682-3; Bābur at 658; road measured from 659; question of identity 682 n. n.

Chūpān-ātā (Samarkand), 72 n. 3, 76 (Kohik), 76 n. 4; Bābur crosses 124; [see Kohik].

Chūtīalī (Dūkī, Qandahār), Bābur at 238-9.

Cintra (Portugal), oranges of 511 n. 4.

Citadel (arg) of Kābul, 201; Bālā-ḥiṣār 198 n. 4; —of Samarkand, 77; position of 78 n. 6; Bābur in 134, 141.

Dabūsī (Samarkand), Aūzbeg victories at 40, 124, 137.

Dahānah (see Fr. map Maimènè), corn from 295; traversed 194-7, 243, 295.

Dakka (Kābul), App. E. xx; [see note to Bārān-sū].

Dakkan, Dakhin, Deccan (India), rulers in 482; ? Daknī = Dakkanī 619, 631, Add. Note pp. 619, 631.

Dāman (N.W.F.P. India), see Dasht.

Dāmghān (Persia), a w. limit of Khurāsān 261; Bāī-qarās captured in 263; Aūzbegs defeated at 618, 622.

Dandān-shikan pass (Khurāsān), Bābur crosses 294.

Dara-i-bām (Badghīs, Khurāsān), Bābur in 296.

Dara-i-gaz (s. of Balkh), a recall from 14.

Dara-i-Ghāzī Khān (Panj-āb), 233 n. 3.

Dara-i-khẉush (Kābul), Bābur in 27, 251-3.

Dara-i-nūr (Kābul) described 210; unique character of 210, 241, App. F; wines of 210, 410, App. G, xxv; monkeys of 211, 492; name of App. F, xxiii, xxiv; a holder of 227, 344; attacked 241; Bābur in 422.

Dara-i-pūr-amīn (Kābul), Bābur at 342 (where for "anīm" read amīn).

Dara-i-ṣūf (Khurāsān), character of 222.

Dara-i-zang (Khurāsān), defence for planned 191.

Dara-i-zindān (Kābul-Balkh road), mountains of 222; located 189 n. 6; Bābur in 189.

Darband (Caspian Sea), 564 n. 5.

Darband-i-ahanīn (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), a limit of territory 47; a name of Qulūgha, Quhqa, 194; *Bābur at 353; Najm S̤āmī near 359.

Dar-i-gham canal (Samarkand) described 76, 84; Bābur on 124-5; (see Kohik-water).

Darūta (Kābul), Bābur at 421-2.

Darwāza (Bājaur ? N.W.F.P. India), a road through 376.

Dasht (Plain), Dāman, Bāzār and Tāq (N.W.F.P. India), names of 229 n. 1, 233 and n. 1; (Mehtar Sulaimān) mountains of 223; limits Bannū 233; a route through 206; Bābur and 229, 235-7, 394.

Dasht-i-shaikh, Kurrat-tāziyān (Kohistān, Kābul) described 215.

Dāwar (Kohistān, Kābul), Bābur at 421; perhaps Dūr-nāma 421 n. 5.

Dhar (C. India), observatory in 79.

Dībālpūr (Panj-āb), revenue of 521; water-wheels in 486, 532; commandants in 442-3, 463; Bābur captures 208, *441, 575-8.

Dih-i-afghān (Kābul), a rebel in 345; a goer to 402.

Dih-i-ghulāmān (Kābul), Bābur at 413.

Dih-i-yaq`ūb (Kābul), narrows of 200; water of 241; Bābur at 409, 445.

Dihlī, mountains of 485; the capital of Hindūstān 463; a Lūdī possession 481; revenue of 521; Mīwāt and 577; `Ālam Khān and 455-6; Ibrāhīm marches from 465; Sangā gives Bābur rendezvous near 529; Bābur takes possession of 475; appointments to 476; submissive 523; mentioned as Bābur's 561; Khwāja Kalān's inscription in 525; an arrival from to Bābur 526; treasure of 583, *695 n. 1, 617.

Dikh-kat (Aūrā-tīpa, Samarkand), described 149, 152; an arrival in 151; Bābur in 149, 150, 633 n. 4.

Dilmāū var. (U.P. India), comings and goings from and to 534-7, 681-4; variants of name of 681 n. 3.

Dīn-kot, Dhānkot (N.W.F.P. India), location and name of 206 n. 6; limit of Koh-i-jūd 380 and of Bannū 233; routes through 206, 399.

Dīrapūr (U.P. India), Bābur in 649.

Dīrī pass (Kābul), a route through 209.

Diyūl (Samarkand), allies of Bābur in 138.

Dīzak (Samarkand), Bābur a fugitive in 148; a governor of 26.

"Doāb," see Miyān-dū-āb.

Dū-āba (U.P. India), Gangetic changes in 667 n. 2.

Dugdūgī (U.P. India), Bābur at 651-2.

Dūghāba river (Khurāsān), head-waters of 216.

Dūkī (Qandahār), mountains of 223, 236; Bābur in 218, 238, 382.

Dūlpūr, "Dholpur" (Rājpūtāna), mountains of 486; Ibrāhīm Lūdī's begs in 593; Bābur and 520, 552, 585, *603-6, 614, 634-5-9, 689; accounts of work in 606, 634, 642; a view from 610.

Dūn (Jaswān, Panj-āb); `Ālam Khān in 457; Bābur in 461-2.

Dungarpūr (Rājpūtāna), old name of 573 n. 1.

Dūr-nāma or -namā'ī (Kohistan, Kābul), described 215; Bābur at 420; (see Dāwar).

Dūrrin- or Dīūrrīn-tangī (Kābul), a limit of Shāh-i-Kābul 200, 417.

Dū-shaṃba (Badakhshān), Humāyun at 621.

Dūshī (n. of Hindū-kush), Khusrau Shāh submits to Bābur at 51, 191-5.

Egypt, see Miṣr.

Etāwa, Itāwa (U.P. India), hostile to Bābur 523-9, 530; appointments to 530-3, 579, 582; comings and goings from and to 541, 645, 689; Bābur at 644, 686.

Faizābād (Badakhshān), *? Bābur and Māhīn at 436.

Fakhru'd-dīn-aūlūm (Balkh-Herāt road), Bābur at 296; (see Fr. map Maïmènè).

Fanākat, Banākat = Shāhrukhiya (Tāshkīnt), passed by the Sīr-daryā 2; identity of 2 n. 5, 7 n. 5.

Fān-tāgh (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), Lake Iskandar in 129; Bābur in 130.

Fārāb (W. Turkistan?), a mullā of 643.

Farāghīna (Farghāna), Bābur at 168.

Farghāna mod. Kokand, description of 1 to 12; extent of 2 n. 3; included in Trans-oxiāna 76; Alps of 223; nick-name of 289; winter-route into 2, *183; capitals of 3, 10, 162; an e. limit of Samarkand 76; Kābul trade of 202; celebrities of 4, 7, 76, 90, 289; `Umar Shaikh's (I and II) 14-7, 24; Bābur succeeds in 1, 29; invasions of 13, 20-9, 54, *183; proposal to dispossess Bābur 168; an arrival in 28; an exit from 190; Bābur's loss of 19 n. 1, *183; Bābur's leaving 187; (see Andijān).

Far-kat (n. of Kīndīr-tau q.v.), a refugee in 149; a mullā of 343; reached from Ghawā (Farghāna, Fr. map, Gava), 179.

Farmūl tūmān (Kābul), described 220; a s. limit of Kābul 200; Ūrghūn in 206 n. 2; roads through 206, 231-3-5; Shaikh-zādas of 220, 679 n. 7.

Fatḥpūr (U.P. India), Bābur at 643, 686.

Fatḥpūr or Natḥpūr (U.P. India), a dependency of 680; lake of 681.

Fatḥpūr-Aswa (U.P. India), Bābur at 651.

Fīrūzābād (U.P. India), 643 n. 3.

Fīrūz-koh (Ghūr-Kābul road), Bābur on 365.

Fīrūzpūr (-jhirka; Gurgaon, Panj-āb), described 580 n. 1; Bābur at 580.

Fulūl (Badakhshān), Khusrau Shāh and 60; Mughūls from, join Bābur 192 (where read Fulūl).

Gagar, Ghaggar, Kakar river (Patiāla, Panj-āb), Bābur visits and describes 464-5; called rūd (torrent) of Banūr and Sanūr 464.

Gagar, Kakar (U.P. India), a constituent of the Gogrā, Ghogrā q.v.; the word Gagar or Kakar used 602.

Gamb(h)īr-water (India), Bābur crosses 606.

Gandak river (India), course of 485; defence of 663.

Gandamak (Kābul), Bābur at 394, 414, 446.

Gang-river, Ganges (India), course of 485; changed course of 667 n. 2, 674 n. 6-7 n. 2, 682 n. 1; bridged by Bābur 495, 599, 633; lands and chiefs east of 523, 628, 638, 651; various crossings made of 530, 544, 583-7, 598, 669, 681-4; Bābur on 598 to 665, 666-7; a battle-station east of 371; Bābur swims 603-5, 655, 660.

Garm-chashma (Kābul), Bābur at 229, 411, 448.

Garm-sīr (S. Afghānistān), *432; a bird of 496.

Garzawān (Khurāsān, Fr. map Maïmènè, Ghourzistan), mountains of 222; locates a place 69; a plan for defence of 191; Bābur at 296 (where mis-spelled "Gurzwān").

Gau- or Kau-water (Kābul), Kāfiristān the source of 210.

Gawār or Kawār (Kābul), position of 210.

Ghain (Kābul), a punitive force against 253.

Ghaj-davān (Bukhārā), *besieged 360; *battle of 361, 279: a fugitive from 363.

Gharjistan, Ghurjistān (Khurāsān), mountains of 222; Bābur near 308; Muḥammad-i-zamān in 365.

Ghawā (Farghāna, Fr. map, Gava), Bābur seeks the road to 179, 180-1-*2.

Ghāzipūr (U.P. India), crocodiles of 502; an assignment on 527; a holder of 669; threatened 544, 680; Bābur at 659; his boats sent to 679.

Ghaznī = Kābul and Zābulistan, Ghaznīn (Kābul); describes 217, 321; a N.W. limit to Hindūstān 481; cold of 219, 526; game in 224; no honey from 203; firewood of 223; highwaymen on road to 228; wines of, taken to Hindūstān 461, 551; repairs of a dam at 219, 646; a route to 206; locates Zurmut 220; a Shāhrukhī's 382 (here Kābul); Aūlūgh Beg and 95 n. 2; Dost Beg buried at 396; various governors of 227, 253-4, 307, 343-4, 363, 397, 525; not subjected to Bābur (912 AH.) 300; rebellion in (912 AH.) 363; Khwāja Kalān and 447, 526; Bābur and 199, 228, 239, 240, 330, 526.

Ghūr (Khurāsān), mountains of 222; w. limit to Kābul 200; road from Kābul to 214; a holder of 274.

Ghurām (Panj-āb), an assignment of 525.

Ghūr-bund tūmān (Kābul), described 214; Nīl-āb (Naulibis) in 206 n. 3; roads from 205; a tulip of 215; Bābur in 195, 294, 314.

Ghūrī (Khurāsān), position of 409; a route through 94; corn from 295; a failure in 546.

Ghurjistān, see Gharjistān.

Ghwālirī pass (on the Gūmāl q.v., India), a surmised route through 235 n. 2.

Gibrik or Kibrik (Kāfiristān), people of 207.

Gingūta (Panj-āb), described 462; an occupation of 457.

Gīrdīz (Kābul), head-quarters in Zurmut 220; tribesmen on road to 228, 403; a road for 405; locates a place 403; Khwāja Kalān's 525; Tang-i-waghchān a name for its pass 403 n. 1.

Gogrā, Ghogrā, Gagar, Kakar river (U.P. India), see Sarū.

Gosfand-liyār (n. of Bannū-plain), a sheep-road travelled by Bābur 233.

Goshta (Kābul), 206 n. 4.

Gūālīār, Gwālior (C. India), described 607 to 612, 613-4; Bābur's building in 520; hills of 486; revenue of 521; forms of the name 486; ruler of killed at Pānīpat 477; hostile to Bābur 523-9 (where add "Gūālīār" after Dūlpūr, l. 4 fr. foot), 539; assigned 539; gained 540; reinforced 547, 557; Bābur's visit to 605, 552, 607 to 614; on envoy from 612; sedition in 688-9, 690, *692 n. 1.

Gūī-water, Gumtī (U.P. India), course of 485 (where for "Gumtī" read (Bābur's) Gūī); Bābur on 601, 658, 683-4.

Gujrāt (Panj-āb), a tree of; a ruler in 481; affairs of 534-5.

Gūk-sarāī (Samarkand), described 41 n. 2, 63, 77; ascension-stone in 77 n. 5; a Mīrzā sent to 41.

Gul-i-bahār (Kohistān, Kābul), described (without name) 214-5; fish-catching in 226, Bābur at 320-1, 406-7.

Gūmāl valley and river (N.W.F.P. India), Bābur and 235-6.

Guṃbazak pass (Khurāsān; see Fr. map Maïmènè), Bābur at 294.

Guṃhaz-i-chaman (Farghāna), Bābur at 176.

Gūra-khattrī (Panj-āb), Bābur and 230, 294.

Gurgān-sū (s.e. of the Caspian), Ḥusain Bāī-qarā swims 259, 260 n. 6.

Guzar var. (Qandahār?), Bābur at 332.

Hā-darwesh waste (Farghāna), described 9, 9, 151; *birthplace of Bābur's legendary son 358 n. 2.

Haft-bacha pass (Hindū-kush), described 205.

Ḥājī-ghāt pass (Hindū-kush), turns Hindū-kush 205 n. 2.

Ḥājipūr (Bihār, India), Bābur and 674; a governor of 663 n. 6.

Ḥājī-tarkhān = Astrakhān (on the Caspian), a chief of 258.

Haldī-guẕr (U.P. India), location of 668 n. 2, 669 n. 1, 671 n. 1; Bābur's men cross 668-9, 675.

Ḥalwā-chashma (Khurāsān), a victory at 260.

Hamadān (Persia), a saint of 211; *a soldier of 700.

Hamtātū pass (Panj-āb), Bābur crosses 381.

Hangū (N.W.F.P. India), Bābur at 231-2.

Harmand-, Halmand-river (Afghānistān), source of 216; a drowning in 307.

Hārū, Kacha-kot water (Panj-āb), Bābur crosses 379, 452; an Indus-ford near 206 n. 5.

Hash(t)-nagar (N.W.F.P. India), a limit of Kābul 200; desolate 207; rhinoceros in 490; birds of 497, 500; locates a place 376; Bābur advised to raid 410-1.

Hasht-yak (W. Turkistān), Bābur near 151.

Hātya (Panj-āb), limit of a clan 452 n. 5.

Hazārasp (Khwārizm), a holder of 50.

Herī, Herāt (Khurāsān), description of 304 to 306; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's birthplace 256, conquest of 134, splendid rule in 273, ease in 261, feast in 264, delay of a pilgrim in 284, reception of fugitives 243, burial in 293; —joint-rule in 293, 326; weakness before Aūzbeg attack on 296-9, 326; —Shaibānī's capture of 207, 326-8-9; —Ismā`īl Ṣafawī's capture of *350-5; —`Ubaidu'l-lāh Aūzbeg and *434; —`Ali-sher Nawā'ī in 4, 271, 286-7; Banā'ī and 286-7; *Shāh Beg and 365, 429, 430; Khwānd-amīr and *432, 605; fugitives from 331; governors of 24, 37, 274 (Koh-dāman), 275, *633; envoys to Bābur from *436; a Begīm comes from 267; Maṣ`ūma brought from 330; Bābur at 300-1-2, 302 to 307; his marriage with Māhīm in *704; —locates a place 25; fixes a date 258.

Ḥimār or Khimār (? Khurāsān), a passer through 260.

Hind, Hindūstān, Hindustānāt—a northern limit of Kābul 200; routes between it and Kābul 206; a journey to Makka made from Kābul through 26; trade and traders 202, 331, 416; Jats and Gujūrs in 454; a saint honoured in 238; a rāja of 219; comings and goings to and from 250, 265, 267, 368; Khwānd-amīr in *432, 605 and n. 6; —Astronomical Tables in 79; names for outside places used in 202; gold from 446; titles in 537; building style in 609; greetings in 640; mentioned by Bābur in a verse 584; Hind-āl named from 385; of Bīānā in 529; of the Betwa 597; —a seemingly limited use of the name Hindūstān 386; of its three names used by Bābur, Hind 26, 219, 385, 525, 532, 577, 577 n. 6, 578, Hindūstānāt 485, Hindūstān usually; —Hindūstān the Less (?) 46 and 46 n. 4; —Lūdī rise in 383; Lūdī possessions in 463, 480; Ibrāhīm's accession in 385; *torn by faction 439; envoys to Bābur from *426, *436; Bābur's comments on its chiefs 219, 385, 459; Farmūlī ascendancy in 220; begs in 387; armies in 547; —Tīmūr's conquest of 382; his employment in Samarkand of workmen from 77; pictures of his victories in 78; tradition of a soldier in his army of 150; —Bābur's persistent wish to regain Turk possessions in 340, 377, 380-1-2, 478-9; working-out of his desire for *426; varied opposition to his aims 478; *his five expeditions to:—

910 AH.—39, 229, 382; 925 AH.—378 et seq., 478, 480; 926 AH.—*428, *429; its frustration *429, *430, *441; 930 AH.—575, *442; its frustration 442; 932 AH.—*444, 445, 479;

—one start frustrated in Kābul 913, AH. 341-3; `Ālam Khān asks and obtains help in *439, *441, 455; Daulat Khān proffers allegiance *440; *Bābur's prayer for a sign of victory *440; his fifth expedition fixes dates 269, 545; indications that only the fifth aimed at Dihlī *429, *444, 480; his decisive victories, at Pānīpat 475, at Kānwa 574; references to his conquest 220, 561; some of his Begs wish to leave 524-5, 579, 584; his Hindūstān poems 642, App. Q; his ease in and hints at leaving 617, 645, 686; his family brought to 646, 686; —the *Akbar-nāma chronicles no public events of 936-937 AH. in 682; *Bābur's journey to Lāhor (936 AH.) may point to his leaving Hindūstān 707; *Humāyūn's arrival in 696, 707; *on Bābur's intended disposal of Hindūstān 702 to 708; *burial of his body in 709 and later removal from 709-710; —Bābur's description of Hindūstān 478 to 531, viz.:—Introduction, on earlier Tramontane expeditions into 478 to 480, boundaries and capital of 480, rulers in 932 AH. 481, varied climate, character of and northern mountains 484; rivers and Arāvallī range 485; irrigation 486, other particulars 487, —mammals 488, birds 493, aquatic animals 501, fruits 503, flowers 513; —seasons of the year 515, days of the week 516, division of time 516, weights and measures 517, modes of reckoning 518; —Hindūs in 518; —defects and advantages of 518-9, 531, 532, revenues 520-1.

Hindū-kush mountains, n. boundary of Kābul 200-4; connected ranges 210, 380; called Hindū-kush in Kābul 485; account of their prolongation in Hind (i.e. Himālayas), 485; roads and passes of 204-5; the clouds a hindrance to bird-migration 224; limits of territory fixed by 47-9, 194; an episode on 270 *Bābur's crossing 930 AH. 442.

Ḥiṣār-fīrūza (Panj-āb), revenue of 521; given to Humāyūn 465, 466, 528; opposition near 540.

Ḥiṣār (-shādmān; Transoxiana), mountains of 222; clans from 228; Kābul trade with 202; —Abā-bikr and 51; Maḥmūd and 47-9; Mas`ūd and 52, 64, 71, 93-5, 261; Bāī-sunghar and 52, 61, 96, 110-2; Ḥusain and 48, 57-8-9, 61, 130, 191, 260-3, 275; Bābur traverses 128, 130, 187-8, moves for *352, takes 37, 262, *352-3, defends *358, 471, attacked in 345, *361-2, leaves 362-3; —Mughūls leave 58 and rebel 105; goers to 104, 141; Shaibānī and 192, 244, *362; abandoned by the Aūzbegs 622-4; Khusrau Shāh and see s.n.; *threefold catastrophe in 362; Humāyūn ordered to attack 625; Qāsim qūchīn and 66; a governor in 46-7; occupied for Bābur 640.

Hormuz (Persia), Farghāna almonds imported to 9.

Hūnī (Kābul), Bābur at 405.

Hūpīān pass, Ūpīān (Kābul), Bābur crosses 195; locates a place 647 n. 3.

Hurūr (Panj-āb), taken from Bābur 464.

Hushīār (Farghāna), a subdivision of Asfara 7; Bābur a refugee in 7, *181; his gifts to envoys from 633.

Ilyāk-sū, Kāfirnighān (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), locates a place 48 n. 5.

Indrī (U. P. India), an arrival at 456.

Indus, see Sind-daryā.

`Irāq (Persia), Kābul trade with 202; various captures of 49, 51, 280, 336; envoys to and from 540, 583, 666; other comings and goings from and to 20, 46, 260-2-8, 275, 282-7, 291-4 n. 3, 622; Bābur's gifts to kinsfolk in 522.

`Iraqain, i.e. `Irāq-i-`ajam and `Irāq-i-`arabī, places noted for cold in 219.

`Iraq-pass (n. w. of Kābul), a presumed crossing of 294 n. 3.

Īrij or Īrich (C. India), Bābur at 590.

Ishkīmīsh (Qūndūz?), not in Badakhshān 288; on a named route 321; military action at 60, 192, 243.

Ispahān (Persia), a governor of 635 n. 6.

Istālif (Kābul), described 216; a garden at 246; fishing at 226; Bābur at 246, 406, 416-8.

Jagdālik pass (Kābul), Bābur crosses 229, 341, 414.

Jahān-namā fort (Bhīra, Panj-āb), Bābur in 384 (where for "nūma" read namā).

Jahān-namā hill (Dihlī district), 485.

Jahān-namā'ī (Kābul), Bābur at 421; see Jūī-shāhī.

Jajmāū or Jajmāwa (U. P. India), rebels in 533; a submission near 534.

Jakīn pargana (U. P. India), Bābur in 644.

Jālandhar (Panj-āb), an appointment to 442.

Jalīsar, Jalesar (on the Jumna, U. P. India), Humāyūn at 531; Bābur at 589, 640 (in both places read Jalīsar).

Jalīsar, Jalesar (on the Ghogrā, U. P. India), Bābur at 681; perhaps Chaksar 681 n. 4.

Jālmīsh (w. frontier, Kābul), 205 n. 2.

Jāl-tū var. Chā-tū (Kābul), Bābur at 228.

Jām, mod. Jām-rūd (N. W. F. P. India), Bābur at 229, 230, 412.

Jām (Khurāsān), Hātifī's birthplace 288; how marked in maps 623 n. 8, *714; Jāmī the cognomen of Maulānā `Abdu'r-raḥman q.v.; Aūzbeg defeat near 622 n.1, 625 n. 4, 635, 636 n. 2, details as to location of the battle 623 n. 8, 635 n. 4.

Janāra or Chanāra (U. P. India), rebels take refuge in 682; not identified 682 n. 1.

Janglīk (Kābul), Bābur at 251-3, 311-4 n. 1.

Jaswān-dūn (Panj-āb), described 462; Bābur in 461-3.

Jaunpūr (U. P. India), see Jūnpūr.

Jauz-wilāyat (Khurāsān), 46 n. 3.

Jīhlam, Jīlam, Jhelum (Panj-āb), Bābur near 453; see Bahat for Jhelum river.

Jūd mountains (Panj-āb), see Koh-i-jud.

Jūduk (Samarkand), Bābur at 147.

Jūī-shāhī (Kābul), Bābur at 229, 394, 410, 422; (see Jahān-namā'ī).

Jumandnā, mod. "Jumoheen" ? (U. P. India), Bābur at 649.

Jūn-river, Jumna (India), course of 485; locates a place 532; a drowning in 582; Bābur on or crossing 467, 475, 531, 605, 616, 638-9, 640, 650-5, 684-6; he bathes in 644; orders his officers to cross 684; in flood 685.

Jūnahpūr, Jūnapūr (U. P. India), an old form of Jūnpūr or Jaunpūr 676 n. 4; used by Bābur 276 (where read it for "Jaunpur"), 544, 636, 676, 682; see infra Jūnpūr.

Jūnpūr, Jaunpūr (U. P. India), water of 658; formerly a Sharqī possession 481; revenue of 521; taken by Humāyūn 544; an assignment on 527; appointments to 276, 538, 544, 676, 682; arrivals from 636, 667.

Jūrgha-tū (Kābul), see Qūrgha-tū.

Jūsa or Chausa (C. P. India), Bābur at 581.

Kābul town and country, description of 199 to 227, —position and boundaries 199, 481, town and environs 200, fort 201, 344, bridges 198, 314, 417, trade 202, climate 77, 201-3, 223, 314, 584, snow in 208-9, 223, 314, dividing line between hot and cold climates 208, 220, 229, fruits 202, 510, cultivated lands 243, meadows 204, Hindū-kush roads 204, Lamghānāt roads 201, Khurāsān road 205, Hindūstān roads 205, 206 n. 3, 231, 308, 629; highwaymen 205, 341, peoples 207, 221, subdivisions 207 to 221, dependencies 214-5, revenue 221, mountain-tracts 221, firewood 223, fauna 223, 496-8, bird-catching 224, fishing 225; —rivers of, Bārān q.v.—Kābul, Luhūgur (Logar); garm-sīl 208, 484; unfitness for nomads 228, 402; use "Hindū-kush" in 485; use of "Kābul" in Āgra 532; a mullā of 284; —given to `Umar Shaikh 14; Aūlūgh Beg Kābulī and 95 and n. 2 (where "2" should follow "Mīrzā" and not "son"), *185; Abā-bikr and 260; `Abdu-r-razzāq and 195; Muqīm Arghūn and 195, 198-9, 227; Khusrau Shāh and 192; —Bābur's move to win it 7, 189, 191-7; his capture of 198-9; dates fixed, by the capture of, 19 n. 1, 21, 26, 39, 48, 227, 251, 274, 282, 377, 383, 394, and by his possession of 27, 529; a sequel of its capture 243; reserved by him for himself 227, 227 n. 5, 627, 645-6; —his comings and goings to and from 27, 229, 241, 248-9, 294, 323, 325, 330, 339, *350, *363-4-5, 389, 395, 403-4-5-7-8, 415-18-19,441-2-3; other comings and goings 51, 196, 228, 321, 349, 364-5, 385, 399, 531, 539, 544, *696, 687, 699; men sent to 343, 413, 466, 476; various Begims arrive in or leave 36, 306, 339—265, 397—21—264—267—269—606, 616; family journey from 646-7, 650-5-7-8, 686-7-9 n. 5; followers delay to go to 307; *landless men in 706; excess levy of grain on 228; its sir (weight) 632; officers in 250, 270, 273, 382, 646 n. 3; newly-made begs of 458, 524; —anxiety for 300, 307; disloyalty in 313-320, 331, 345; *tranquil 349; *Mughūls of 357; of its troops 375, 550, 579, 625; —Bābur in it the last ruling Tīmūrid 340, *427; envoys to him in *439-440, *441, 529; his poverty in 525; learns the word sangur in 232; family affairs in *603-4; —letters of victory sent to 371, 466, 580; other letters to and from 374, 541, 618, 639, 644-5, 6; gifts 463, 523, 642; Bābur's seeming intention of return to 698 n. 5, *705-6-7; his chosen centre *705; the taking of his body to *709-10; his burial-garden and grave *710-11.

Kābul-water, Nīl-āb a name of 206 n. 3; fords of 206, 345, 411; App. E xvii, xix, xx; Bābur on 451.

Kābud (Soghd, Samarkand), 73, 98.

Kacha-kot (Panj-āb), a holder of 250; Bābur crosses water of (Hārū) 379, 403, 452.

Kachwa (C. India), described 590; Bābur at 590-2.

Kāfiristān, mountains connecting with its own 480; former extent of 212 n. 3; borderlands of 210-1-2; wines of 211-2, 372; highwaymen of 205, 214; a ghāzī raid into 46.

Kahadstān (Herī), Bābur at 305; Shaibānī at 329.

Kāhān (Sind, India), Shāh Beg's capture of 398, *430-5.

Kahlūr (Simla Hill-state, India), taken for Bābur 464; *its Rāja visits him, 692-9.

Kāhmard or Kalmard (Kābul-Balkh route, Fr. map Maïmènè), a plan for defence of 191; a governor in 409, 546 n. 2; exposed to Aūzbeg attack 409; various occurrences in it 239, 250, 295; Bābur in 48, 189; households left in 189, 194-7; Bābur loyal to Jahāngīr in 190, 239; he sends gifts to peasants of 633; (see Ajar).

Kahrāj (N.W.F.P. India), Bābur at 373-4.

Kakar river (N. India), see Gagar, Ghaggar.

Kālābāgh (Panj-āb), locates Dīnkot 206, n. 5.

Kalānjar (Panj-āb), perverted allegiance of 387 (where in n. 3 delete the second sentence).

Kalānjar (U.P. India), revenue of 521; Mahuba a dependency of 685 n. 3.

Kalānūr (Panj-āb), a governor of 442; Bābur and 451-8.

Kalda-kahār (Panj-āb), described 381; Bābur at 381-9, 391.

Kalpī (U.P. India), revenue of 521; elephants in 488; dependencies of 649, 686; locates places 544, 590, 659; hostile to Bābur 523; Bābur in 590; boats from 598, 684.

Kālpūsh (Khurāsān), 622 n. 3.

Kāma bulūk (Kābul), described 213; water of 211.

Kamarī (Kābul), meadow of 204; Bābur at 244; (on the Indus), Bābur at 230.

Kām-rūd valley (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), a flight through 58; Bābur in 129-30.

Kanār ferry (Jumna U.P. India), Bābur at 589, 590-8.

Kān-bāī (Samarkand), locates places 52, 64; Maḥmūd (Khān) at 53, 111.

Kandār, Kuhandār (Rājpūtāna), besieged by Sangā, surrenders 530-9.

Kand-i-badām (Farghāna), described 8, locates a place 20; a governor of 115; passers through 44, 172; Bābur at 92, *358 n. 2 (a legendary visit).

Kandla or Kūndla (U.P. India), revenue of 521; an assignment on 679.

Kāngra (Panj-āb), a "Bajaur" north of 511 n. 3.

Kānhpūr, "Cawnpore" (U.P. India), 649 n. 7.

Kanigūram (Dasht-Kābul route), 235 n. 2.

Kanwā, Kanwāha (Rājpūtāna), Bābur's victory of 549, 557 to 574, 523 n. 3.

Kanwāhīn (Panj-āb), Bābur at 458.

Karal (Panj-āb), Bābur at 464.

Karā-sū, Qarā-sū? (Kābul), a tribe on 413.

Karg-khāna, see Sawād.

Kark ? (Kābul), Bābur at 395.

Karmān (`Irāq), surrenders 51; an intruder in 260.

Karmā-nā['s]ā river (Bihār, India), ill-repute of 659; Bābur on 659-60.

Kar-māsh mountain (Kābul), located 403; Bābur near 403-5.

Karmīna (Samarkand), mentioned as a wilāyat 84.

Karnāl (U.P. India), *Bābur at 701.

Karnān (Farghāna), a village of 161; locates place 162, 168 (where in section heading for "Kāsān" read Karnān); a darogha of 179-80; Bābur and 179, *182.

Karrah (U.P.I.), a dependency of 651; Bābur at 652.

Karrah-Mānikpūr (U.P. India), revenue of 521; elephants in 488; Humāyūn near 544.

Kāsān (Farghāna), described 10; fixes a date 28; a raid near 26; a departure to 32; a holder of hostile to Bābur 170; Bābur at 104, 116.

Kāshghar (E. Turkistān), an e. limit of Farghāna 1, of Samarkand 76; a border tribe of 55; *Kāshghar-Farghāna road 183; trade with Kābul 202, Andijānī captives in 20 n. 3; rulers in 21, 29 n. 5, 32-7, 318, 415, 427, 695-6; Mughūls in *184, 351, 364; arrivals from 399, 415-6; Bābur's kinsfolk in 21-4, 318, 409, 522; a devious journey through 399; a return from 408, and to 590.

Kashmīr, mountains of 380-7, 481; a bird of 494; lost dependencies of 484; Bābur on name of 484, *sends an expedition to 692-3-8 n. 5, 701. Additional Note p. 693.

Kātlāng (N.W.F.P. India), Bābur at 377.

Kattawāz-plain (Ghaznī ?), torrent of 240; Bābur in 323-5.

Kawārī-water (C. India), Bābur crosses 607, 614.

Kechef-dara (Khurāsān), leads down to Mashhad 622 n. 3.

Kesh = Shahr-i-sabz (Samarkand), described 3, 83; a blinded refugee in 95; Banā'ī dismissed to 136; an arrival from 137; Bābur and 125-8, 138.

Keshtūd (Ḥiṣār-shādmān tract), Bābur at 130.

Khaibar-mountains (Kābul), route through 206; crossings of 250, 260, 492; Bābur's crossings of 229, 382, 411-3.

Khairābād (U.P. India), revenue of 521; Bābur's army at 583.

Khākān-ārīq (Farghāna), Bābur on 165-7.

Khalīla (Soghd, Samarkand), Bābur at 148.

Khalishak (Qandahār), a water-head 332; Bābur at 333.

Khamalangān (Badakhshān), a holder of 242.

Khamchān (Badakhshān), military move to 321.

Khān-yūrtī (Samarkand), described 82; Bābur at 67-8, 82, 124, 131.

Kharābūk (Farghāna), Bābur near 163-8.

Kharbīn (s.e. of Ghaznī), 323 n. 3.

Kharī (U.P. India), Bābur at 580.

Kharīd pargana (on the Sarū = Ghogrā), formerly on both banks of the river 561 n. 2, 664 n. 8, 674 n. 6; present limits 637, n. 1; position of town of 679 and n. 1; a (now) Bihār pargana of 674; Humāyūn plunders 544; capture of mentioned 561; Bābur's man in 637; position of its army opposing Bābur 664, 676 n. 5.

Khartank (Samarkand), a celebrity of 76.

Khasbān plain (Farghāna), Bābur crosses 124.

Khaṣlar (W. Turkistān), Bābur at 151.

Kawāk road (Hindū-kush), 205; height of its pass 204, n. 4.

Khawāl-i-qūtī (see Zirrīn pass), Bābur in 309.

Khinjan (n. of Hindū-kush), roads to 205.

Khirgird or Khirjard (Khurāsān), Jāmī'sbirthplace 623, n. 8; battle of Jām fought near 623, 635.

Khirs-khāna (Kābul), Bābur passes 417.

Khiṯāī = N. China, a caravan from 15; porcelain, etc. from 80, 157-9, 160; trade profits in 202. [N. B.—For all instances Bābur's word is Khitāī and not "China".]

Khozār or Khūzār (Samarkand), mentioned as a wilāyat 84; lost by Aūzbegs, 135, 359.

Khūbān or Khūnān (Farghāna), approx. site of Bābur's first ranged battle 113.

Khujand var. (Farghāna), described 7; not counted by all as in Farghāna 17; locates a place 55; holders of 35, 115; Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī takes 30; surrender to Bābur of 53; Bābur's first marriage made in it 35, 120; he in it 89, 90-1-2; a "poor place" 97-8; he halts in a village of 100; his legendary transit of 358 n. 2; a follower's compulsory journey to 124.

Khujand-water, Saiḥūn, Sīr-daryā see Saiḥūn.

Khūlm (Kābul-Balkh road, Fr. map Bokhara), vine-culture in 210 n. 6; places on its river 546 n. 2.

Khūqān (Farghāna), an arrival at 44; Bābur at 161.

Khurāsān, Khurāsānāt (219), Hindustānī use of the name 202; Kābul roads from 205, 300; Kābul trade with 202, 225; melons and oranges of 203, 510, compared with Kābul Koh-dāman 216; ḥammāms in 79; medical practice in 246; refined manners of Khurāsānīs 303; nomads of 221; *enforced migration of Mughūls to 351; —Maḥmūd Ghaznawī and 479; Abū-sa`īd's Cadet Corps of 28, 50, App. H, xxvi, xxvii; Yūnas Khān in 20; Abā-bikr defeated in 260; Maḥmūd expelled from 46; Mas`ūd "did not stay in" 95 (where add the quoted words, l. 12, after "service"); Badī`u'z-zamān returns to 70; Ḥusain Bāī.qarā and 57, 94, 259-60-80-3; Bābur and 185-7-8, 255, 285-6, 295, 300, 330-2; Ma`sūma in 36, 339; —troops of 61, 296; dismissals to 98, 128, 194-7, 319, 320; comings and goings from and to 15, 194, 197, *243, 264, 270, 331, 363; distinguished men of 280-2-4, 291; Bābur's kinsfolk in 246, 253, 522, 617; a verse well known in 328.

Khūrd (Khẉurd)-Kābul (Kābul), wild asses in 224; river-dam of 647; Bābur in 341.

Khurram (Kābul-Balkh route), traitors to Bābur near 546 (Fr. map Maïmènè, Khouram).

Khūsh-āb (Panj-āb), Abā-bikr in 260; Bābur regards it as his own 380-2; Balūchīs in 383; an enemy to 383-4, 388; a governor of 388; a fugitive through 399.

Khutan, Khotin (E. Turkistān), Aīlchī the capital of 50 n. 2; Gūrkhān a title of rulers in 84 n. 2; a ruler in 32.

Khutlān (Ḥiṣār-shādmān territory), river and alps of 60, 222; a saint's burial in 211; a ruler and holders of 47, 58, 93, 191-6; Bābur's victory in 18.

Khwāja `Abdu'ṣ-ṣamad (Kābul), 201.

Khwāja Basta (Kābul), a water-course near 647.

Khwāja Bikargān (Farghāna), water of 99 n. 4.

Khwāja Changal (Tāhqān), 61; located 60 n. 4.

Khwāja Chār-tāq (Qūndūz) 244.

Khwāja Dīdār (Samarkand), Bābur's winters in 73-4; Shaibānī near 130-1-5; Bābur passes 147.

Khwāja Ḥasan (Kābul), Bābur passes 398, 418.

Khwāja `Imād (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), Bābur at 188.

Khwāja Ismā`īl Sirītī (s.e. of the Kābul territory), mountains of 223; Bābur at 323-4.

Khwāja Kafshīr (Samarkand), escapes by 62, 144.

Khwāja Kārdzan var. Kardzīn (Samarkand), 65, 128; Shaibānī at 138.

Khwāja Khāwand Sa`īd (Kābul), wines of 203, 215.

Khwāja Kitta (Farghāna), Bābur at 165.

Khwāja Khiẓr (N.W.F.P. India), Bābur at 372-6.

Khwāja Khiẓr's Qadam-gāh (Kābul), 201, 407.

Khwāja Khiẓr's Mosque (Samarkand), 142.

Khwāja-rabāṯ (Samarkand), 73, 97, 127-8, 130-1.

Khwāja Raushānā'ī's Chashma (Kābul), 201.

Khwāja Reg-i-rawān (Kohistān, Kābul), described 215; Bābur at 420.

Khwāja Riwāj (Kābul), rebels go to 245, 345.

Khwāja Rustam (Kābul), Bābur near 447.

Khwāja Shabāb (Kābul), Bābur at 418.

Khwāja Shamū's tomb (Kābul), 201.

Khwāja Sih-yārān (Kābul), described 216; names of the "Three friends" 216, n. 4; Bābur at 398, 405-6-20.

Khwāja Zaid (n. of Hindū-kūsh), Bābur at 195.

Khwāṣ (Samarkand border?), `Umar Shaikh defeated at 17, 34; located 17 and n. 1.

Khwārizm = Khiva, w. limit of Samarkand 76; and northern of Khurāsān 261; cold in 219; Maḥmūd Ghaznawī's over-rule in 479; Chīn Ṣufī defends 242, 255-6; Khusrau Shāh's head sent to 244; a Bāī-qarā refugee in 397; governors of 256, 274; Muḥammad Ṣāliḥ of it 289 n. 4.

Khwāst, "Khost" (n. of Hindū-kush), mountains of 221; name and character of 221 n. 4; a mullā of 368; Mīr-zādas of 412; comers and goers from and to 399, 403, 196 n. 5; piety of Khwāstīs 523 n. 1; *Māhīm Begīm's connection with 714; Bābur at *363, 408.

Kīlā-gāhī (n. of Hindū-kush), a fugitive through 321.

Kilirah? (U.P. India), Bābur at 680.

Kilīf ferry (Oxus), Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and 57, 191.

Kīndīr-tau, Kurāma (Farghāna's n.w. border-mountains), 8n. 5, 11 n. 6; —Kīndīrlīk pass, when open 2 n. 4, *183; distinguished 116 n. 2; The Khāns and 90, 161, 172; Bābur crosses 54, 90, 161.

Kind-kir (Kābul), described 424; (see Masson, iii, 193).

Kintit (U.P. India), identified 657 n. 2; Bābur at 657.

Kīrkī ferry (Oxus), 191.

Kishm (Badakhsḥān), Aūzbeg defeat at 295; Humāyūn near 621, 624 n. 1; ? *Bābur winters in (919 AH.), 362.

Kisrī-tāq (below Bāghdād), height of 83.

Kītib or Kīb (Panj-āb), an appointment to 393.

Koel, Kūl, Kūīl (U.P. India), see Kūl.

Kohāt (Panj-āb), Bābur in 218-31-33-50, 382-94.

Koh-bacha (var. ? a common noun; Kābul), tooth-picks gathered on 407.

Koh-dāman (Herāt), an appointment to 274.

Koh-dāman (Kābul), described 215 to 217; Bābur on 320, 405, 416, 420.

Koh-i-jūd, Salt-range (Panj-āb), described 379; places connecting with 381, 452; a note of Erskine's on 380 n. 2.

Koh-khirāj (U.P. India), Bābur at 653.

Kohik, Chūpān-ātā q.v. (Samarkand), described 76 n. 4; gardens on 78, 80; bounds a meadow 82; Bābur near 72.

Kohik-sū = Zar-afshān (Samarkand), course and name 76, 76 n. 4; bounds a meadow 82, and a tūmān 84; suggested drowning in 128 n. 2; Bābur and 64, 130-1; swims it in flood 140.

Koh-i-nūr, Rocky-mountain (Kābul), see Kūnār.

Koh-i-safed, Spīn-ghur (Kābul), described 209; Pushtū name of 209 n. 2; App. E, xvii, xix, xx.

Kohistan (Badakhshān), begs of 296; —(Kābul), villages of described 214 and n. 7; a tūmān of 213; rara avis of 213 n. 7.

Kohtin mountains (s. of Samarkand), limits possessions of territory 47.

Kūfīn (Samarkand), 65.

Kūkcha-sū (Badakhshān), 321.

Kūl, Kūīl, Koel (U.P. India), a governor of 176; Bābur's building-work in 520 (here Kūīl), his envoy to 526, loss of 557, 576, visit to 586-7.

Kūl-āb (Badakhshān), a chief of 627 n. 2, *696.

Kula-grām (Kūnār, Kābul), Bābur at 423.

Kuldja (E. Turkistān), Ālmalīgh the former capital of 2 n. 1; *The Khāns escape after defeat by its road 183 (where read Kuldja).

Kul-kīna or Gul-kīnā (Kābul), a place of revel 200-1, 395.

Kūl-i-malik (Bukhārā), Bābur defeated at 40, *357.

Kūnār with Nūr-gal (Kābul), described 211; is Koh-i-nūr (Rocky-mountain), the true name of, App. F, xxiii, xxiv; torrent of 212; beer made in 423; peacocks in 493; a test of woman's virtue in 212, governors in 227, 344; Bābur in 343, 376, 423.

Kundī (Lamghānāt, Kābul), see Multa-kundī.

Kūndih or Kūndbah (Bihār, India), Bābur at 674-7, 687 n. 5 (where read the name as above).

Kūra pass (Kābul), divides the hot and cold climates 220; Bābur at 421.

Kūrarah (U.P. India), Bābur at 651.

Kūrdūm-dabān (Farghāna), 5 n. 3.

Kūrīa (U.P. India), Bābur at 651.

Kurrat-tāziyān (Kābul), see Dasht-i-shaikh.

Kusār (U.P. India), Bābur at 652.

Kushan (Persia), locates Rādagān 622 n. 4.

Kūtila (Panj-āb), Bābur gains 462; strength of 463.

Kūtila-lake, mod. Kotila-jhil (Gurgaon, Panj-āb), Bābur at 580 and n. 1.

Kūy-pāyān, Low-lane (Samarkand), 146.

Lāhūr, Lahor (Panj-āb), revenues of 446, 521; snows seen from 485; water-wheels of 486, 532; locates Sīālkot 429; Daulat Khān and 382-3, *428, *441-2-3, 451; Bābur's envoy detained in 385; `Ālam Khān and 444, 455-8; Bābur's begs in 443, 453-4; sedition in 688; *Bābur's visit to (936 AH.) 604 n. 1, *692-3-7-8-9, 707; Māhīm and 650-9; *taken by Kāmrān (where for "935" read 938).

Lak-lakān (s. of Tāshkīnt), a hostile meeting at 145.

Laknau, Lakhnau, Luknau, "Lucknow" (U.P. India), a bird of 495; abandoned by Bābur's men 594; Bābur at 601; ? Bīban and Bāyazīd approach it 677; ? news of capture of 679 and n. 2, 681; variants in name of 677 n. 3, 678 n. 1, 582 n. 6, App. T; see Luknūr.

Lamghānāt tūmāns (Kābul), described 207-13; true use of the name 210; classification of 200; a tūmān of 318; mountains of 222; tribes in 229, 242; fruits of 203, 424, 510-1; birds of 494-5, 500; fishing in 226; routes into 206-9; locates 208, 211; Bābur in 414-19-21-*29; (see Lamghān).

Lamghān tūmān (Kābul), the name of 200 n. 1, 210; a fruit and tree of 508; limits a tribe 341; Bābur's retreat to 21, 340; Bābur in 407-14-19-21-*29.

Lār (Persia) a native of 284.

Laswaree, Battle of (1803 AD.) 578 n. 1.

Lāt-kīnt (Farghāna), Bābur at 108.

Lawāīn (U.P. India), Bābur at 656.

Lombardy (Italy), wine culture in 210 n. 5.

Luhūgur, mod. Logar (Kābul), described 217; Chirkh its one village 217; a celebrity of 184, 217; vine-culture in 210 n. 6.

Luknūr (Rāmpūr, U.P. India), revenue of 521; besieged by Bīban 582; ? approached by Bīban and Bāyazīd 677; ? news of its capture 679 and n. 2, 681.

Macha (Upper Zar-afshān), located 149, 152; `Alī Mīrān-sḥāhī takes refuge in 55; Bābur in 27, 67, 152-3.

Macham (Farghāna), a foot-hill 118, 125 n. 2.

Madan-Banāras, Zamania (U.P. India), Bābur at 658.

Madīna (Arābia), Bābur sends gifts to 523.

Māḏu, Māzū (Farghāna), Bābur takes 109.

Madhākūr (U.P. India), Bābur at 548, 616 (where read as here).

Maghāk-pul (Samarkand), Bābur at 68, 132.

Mahan (Farghāna), Bābur at 123.

Mahāwīn (Muttra; U.P. India), not submissive to Bābur 523.

Mahūba (U.P. India), rebels take flight to 685, 682 n. 1.

Māhūrā-sangur (N.W.F.P. India), locates a tribe 376.

Mahyar (N.W.F.P. India), 373 n. 6.

Maidān (Kābul), the road to 228; earthquake action near 247; white marble of 710.

Maidan-i-Rustam (Kābul), Bābur at 405.

Māīng (U.P. India), Bābur near 683.

Makka (Arabia), Bābur sends money gifts to 522, and a Qorān in his script 228 n. 3; pilgrims to 26, 267 n. 2, etc.

Malabar, a succession-custom in 482 n. 5.

Malarna (Rājpūtāna), revenue of 521.

Malot, see Milwat.

Mālwa (C. India), an observatory at 79; known in Bābur's day as Mandāū q.v. 79.

Māmā Khātūn (Kābul), 405.

Mānas-nī (nai; Rājpūtāna), other names of 578 n. 1; reputed outfall of 580; Bābur on 578-9.

Mandaghān (Khurāsān), Bābur at 295.

Mandāū, Mandū (C. India), capital of Mālwa 482 n. 2; Mālwa known as 79, 482; hills of 486; a ruler of 482; a holder of 593, 688 n. 2, downfall of sulṯāns of 483; [Elphinstone Codex passim and Ḥaidarabad Codex, except on p. 79 where "Mandu" occurs, write Mandāū].

Mandīsh, Mandesh (N.W.F.P. India), Bābur at 375.

Mandrāwar tūmān (Kābul), described 210; one of the three constituents of the true Lamghānāt 210; a village of 424; holders of 229, 344; Bābur in 321, 421.

Mānikpūr (U.P. India), revenue, of 521; elephants in 489.

Maqām (N.W.F.P. India), perhaps mod. Mardān 377 n. 2; Bābur near 377-8.

Marāgha (Āẕar-bāyigān, Caspian Sea), astronomical Tables constructed at 79.

Marghīnān (Farghāna), described 6; bullies of 7; a celebrity of 7, 76; locates a place 7; comings and goings from and to 30, 97 n. 2, 173; lost to Bābur 30; recovered by him 99-100; rebel attack on 101-2; Bābur in 103, 123, 162-9, 172.

Marūchāq (on the Murgh-āb, Khurāsān), Āūzbeg raiders defeated at 296.

Marwār (Rājpūtāna), Sangā's approach from 544 n. 5.

Mashhad (Khurāsān), a celebrity of 285; a Bāī-qarā holder of 263, 296, 329-30; held by Aūzbegs 534, 623; T̤ahmāsp's route to 622 n. 3.

Masht (Ghaznī?), a tribe in 323.

Masjid-i-jauza (Farghāna), described 5.

Masjid-i-laqlaqa (Samarkand), described 80.

Masjid-i-maquṯa` (Samarkand), described 79.

Mastūng, Quetta (Balūchistān), Shāh Beg and 337, *427 (where read Mastūng).

Mātarīd (Samarkand), a celebrity of 75.

Māwarā'u'n-nahr, Transoxiana, name of the country of Samarkand 74; name includes Farghāna 76; melons and wines of 82-3; bullies in 7 (see s.n. Marghīnān for an omission); Leaders of Islām born in 7, 75-6; three strong forts in 3; an appointment in its interests 61, 85; in Aūzbeg hands 427, 480, 618; *Bābur's desire to regain 697 n. 1 (and s.n. Bābur).

Mehtar-Sulaimān range (Afghān border), a shrine on 238; Bābur and 236-8.

Merv, Marv (Khurāsān), comings and goings from and to 135-7, 296, 301, *357, 623; chiefs of 261, 244; `Alī-sher winters in 287; Bābur's sister in 18, *352; Shaibānī defeated and killed near 318, *350; `Ubaid and 534, 618, 622.

Mewāt, Mīwāt (Rājpūtāna), revenue of 521; hills of 486; account of 577-8-9; holders of 523, 551; Bābur orders a raid on 551; Kānwa casualties on the road to 577; Bābur at 578.

Mīān-dū-āb, "Doab" (between Ganges and Jumna), revenue of 521; archers of 526-8, 551-7; a pargana bestowed in 539; `Ālam Khān goes to 457; Ibrāhīm advances into 467; Bābur puts down a rebel in 576.

Mīān-kāl, Miyān-kāl (Samarkand), returns to Bābur 135; Aūzbegs in 622.

Mīān-kalāī (N.W.F.P. India), Bābur in 373; ? a dū-āb 373 n. 6.

Mīān-wilāyat, Miyān-wilāyat (U.P. India), revenue of 521.

Mīch-grām (Kābul), a tribe in 413; Bābur at 414.

Mīl (Kāfiristān), position of 210.

Milwat, Malot (Panj-āb), prisoners sent to 461.

Milwat, Malot (U.P. India), Bābur's capture of 457-8, 461.

Minār-hill (Kābul), Bābur crosses 314.

Mīr Ghiyaṣ-langar (Khurāsān), Bābur at 307-8.

Mīrzā-rabāṯ, (Farghāna), w. wind over 9 n. 2, *183.

Misr, Egypt, compared with a Samarkand tūmān 84; *Napoleon's task in 356.

Mīta-kacha (Kohistān, Kābul), described 214.

Mughūlistān, mountains of 222; game in 325; Aspara in 20; Yūnas Khān in 12; a Mughūl tūmān enters 20; *Mughūls forced to go far from 351; a dweller in 114; Bābur thinks of going to 158, *184.

Muḥammad Āghā's village (Kābul), Bābur at 405.

Muḥammad Chap's Bridge (Samarkand), 72.

Muḥammad-fajj (N.W.F.P. India), meaning of the name 229 n. 5; Bābur at 231.

Multā-kundī (Kābul), defined 211.

Multān (Panj-āb), the Five-rivers meet near 485; a dependency of 237; fowlers migrated from 225; Abā-bikr at 260; Daulat Khān and 441-2; `Askarī recalled from *603, 605; Kāmrān and 645, 699.

Mungīr (Bengal), Bābur's envoy to 676.

Munīr (Bihār, India), Bābur at 666-7, 670.

Munūghul-tāgh (Farghāna), variants in name of 8 n. 5; mines and malarial influence of 8; surmised action on wind of (here Mogol-tau) 9 n. 2; (see Abū'l-ghāzī, Désmaisons p. 12).

Muqur (Afghānistān), Bābur at 345.

Mūra-pass (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), 58 n. 1; Bābur crosses 129 (not named).

Murgh-āb river and fort (Khurāsān), Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and 191, 260; Bābur on 285, 297-9, 300; Shaibānī at 327.

Murghān-koh (Qandahār), position of 332 n. 4; Bābur at 336.

Mūrī and Adūsa, Bāburpūr (U.P. India), Bābur at 644.

Muttra (U.P. India), see Mahāwīn.

Naghr or Naghz (Kābul), a s. limit of Kābul 200; position of 206, 231-3.

Nagūr, Nagor (Rājpūtāna), revenue of 521.

Nakhshab (Samarkand), see Qarshī.

Namangān (Farghāna), new canal of App. A, ii, n. 1; Bābur near 117.

Nānāpūr (U.P. India), Bābur at 657.

Nānī (Ghaznī), Bābur at 240; old Nānī plundered 254.

Napoleon's* task in Egypt compared 356.

Nardak* (U.P. India), a hunting-ground 701.

Nārīn (n. of Hindū-kush), a fugitive through 321.

Nārīn-river (n. arm of Saiḥūn), 88 n. 2, App. A, ii.

Nārnūl (U.P. India), an assignment on 677.

Nasūkh (Farghāna), Bābur at 92.

Natḥpūr or Fatḥpūr (U.P. India), Bābur near 680-1.

Naugrām (U.P. India), Bābur meets his sister at 689 n. 3.

Nijr-aū tūmān (Kābul), described 213; mountains of 222; products of 203, 213; boiled wine in 213; a dependency of 220; locates Ālā-sāī 220; Bābur in 253, 420-1, his frontier-post of 213 n. 2.

Nīl-āb (Indus), various instances of the name 206 n. 3; a tribal limit 378, 387; routes to Kābul from 206; old Nīl-āb located 392; comings and goings from and to 250, 265, 399, 419, 422, 647, 659; given to Humāyūn 391; Bābur at 392, counts his army at 451.

Nile (The),* used as an illustration 9 n. 2; Alexander takes the Indus for 206 n. 3.

Nīng-nahār tūmān (Kābul) described 207-9; its book-name Nagarahār 207; meaning of the name 208, App. E; not included in the Lamghānāt 210; a dependency of 213; waters of 209, App. E; wintering tribes 242; a bird of 493; division of hot and cold climates n 229; Bāgh-i-wafā laid out in 208; holders of 227, 317, 344, 421; an arrival from 345; Bābur at 342.

Nīrah-tū or Tīrah-tū, Kalīūn (Herī), Shaibānī's family in 343.

Nirhun (Bihār, India), Bābur at 674.

Nirkh-pass, Takht-pass (Kābul), Bābur crosses 228.

Nīshāpūr (Khurāsān), mentioned as on a route 622 n. 3.

Nīshīn-meadow (Herī), Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and 95, 261.

Nū-kīnt (Farghāna), locates an enemy 116; threatened 170.

Nulibā (U.P. India), Bābur at 657.

Nūndāk, Ḥ.S. Nawāndāk (Chaghānīān q.v.), located 471; Barlās family of 51 (where "Badakhshān" is wrong); Bābur near 129; Aūzbegs retire to 471.

Nūr-gal (Kābul), described 211; meaning of its name, App. F, xxiii; holders of 227, 334; Bābur at 343, 423.

Nūr-lām (Kābul), see App. F, xxiii.

Nūr-valley (Kābul), see Dara-i-nūr.

Nūsh-āb (Farghāna), Bābur near 114.

Otrār (W. Turkistān), see Aūtrār.

Oude, Oudh, Aūd, Adjodhya (U.P. India), revenue of 521; river-crossings to 669; locates places 601-2, 679 n. 2; army of 684-5; a bird of 495; appointment to 544; ? Bābur at 680 and n. 2; his Mosque in App. U.

Paklī, Pakhlī (Panj-āb), formerly part of Kashmīr 484.

Palghar (Samarkand), limit of Samarkand on upper Zar-afshān 152.

Pamghān range and village, Paghmān (Kābul), described 215-6; village destroyed by earthquake 247; Shāh Begīm's 318; *snows seen from Bābur's burial-garden 710.

Pāmīr routes, *spring re-opening of 695.

Pānī-mālī or -mānī (N.W.F.P. India), the road to 376.

Pānīpat (Panj-āb), battles at 472 n. 1; Bābur's victory at 457, 469, 470-1-2, 534.

Panj-āb (India), of the name App. E, xx; *Bābur's power in 426, 430; *Daulat Khān's strength in 412, 443; Bābur's journey to (937 AH.), 604 n. 1, *698.

Panj-dih, Pand-dih (Khurāsān), Aūzbeg raiders beaten at 296.

Panjhīr, Panj-sher tūmān (Kābul), described 214; pass-roads of 195-6, 205; highway-men of 214; river of 407; a dārogha in 250.

Panj-kūra (N.W.F.P. India), Bābur at 373-4.

Pāp (Farghāna), holds fast for Bābur 91, 101; affairs in 171-4-6 n. 3.

Pārandī-pass (Hindū-kush), described 205; height of 204 n. 4.

Parashāwar, Peshāwar (N.W.F.P. India), a limit of Kābul 200; beauty of flowers near 393; rhinoceros of 490; partridges in 496; Bigrām near 230 n. 2; Bābur and 382, 393, 410-2.

Parhāla (Panj-āb), a Kakar stronghold 387-9; described and taken by Bābur 396-7.

Parsarū-river (U.P. India), Bābur on 682-3.

Parsrūr, Parsarūr (Panj-āb), an assignment on 684; Bābur at 458; G. of India form of name Pasrūr 684 n. 1.

Pārwān (Kohistān, Kābul), described 214-5; wind of 201, 224; road and pass of 205; fishing in 226, 406; wines and flowers of 215.

Pashāghar (Samarkand), described 97; a native of 188; Bābur at 97-8, 148.

Pātakh-i-āb-i-shakna (Kābul), meaning of the name 403 n. 2; Bābur at 403.

Pawat-pass (Mehtar Sulaimān range), Bābur crosses 238.

Pehlūr, Phillaur (Panj-āb), Bābur at 458.

Pesh-grām (N.W.F.P. India), Bābur at 373.

Pīāg, Allāhābād (U.P. India), Bābur at 654-5; incident of his march from 657.

Pīchghān (Kābul), bird-catching in 220; punitive attack on 253.

Pīch-i-Kāfiristān (n. of Kābul country), wines of 212; hostile to Bābur 212.

Pīr Kānū, see Sakhī-sarwār.

Pul-i-chirāgh, Bīl-i-chirāgh (Balkh-Herāt road), located 69; a victory at 69, 260.

Pul-i-sālār (Herāt), 329-30.

Pul-i-sangīn (Ḥiṣār-shadmān), *Tīmūr's and Bābur's victories at 353-4.

Pushta-i-`aīsh (Farghāna), forces near 106, 165.

Qabā (Farghāna), swamp of 31; invaded 30; Bābur at 123, 162.

Qa`bādīān (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), Bābur at 188; taken for him 640.

Qabil's tomb, i.e. Cain's (Kābul), Bābur at 415.

Qāīn (Khurāsān), held by a Bāī-qarā 296, 301.

Qaiṣār (s.w. of Maïmènè, see Fr. map), Bābur at 296.

Qalāt-i-ghilzāī (Qandahār), Bābur takes 248-9, 339; road south from 333; a governor of 340; fugitives join Bābur near 331; Hindūstān traders at 331.

Qalāt-i-nādirī (n. of Mashhad, Khurāsān), birthplace of Nādir Shāh 263 n. 4, 329 n. 4; Bāī-qarā holders of 263, 329.

Qanauj (U.P. India), revenue of 521; appointments in 265, 582; hostile both to Ibrāhīm and to Bābur 523-9; military occurrences at 530, 557, 582-9, 594-8.

Qandahār (Afghānistān), sometimes reckoned as part of Ghaznī 217; a s. limit of Khurāsān 261; irrigation-waters of 332-6; heat of compared 520; Kābul trade with 202; routes to 206, 308; —governors in 264, 274; Arghūns in 71, 227, 326, 336, 429; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's failure at 94; —Bābur's campaigns against 220, 246-8, 330-9, *365, *426-28-36-39; unremunerative to him 480; his rock-residence (Chihil-zīna) near 333-5, App. J; Shaibānī's siege of 21, 331-9, 340-3; Nāṣir in 338; Kāmrān in 583, *694-9, *706; —Khwānd-amīr leaves 605; a rapid journey to 621, *705; Lord Roberts on his first view of 333 n. 1; ruins of in 1879 AD. 430.

Qarā-bāgh (Kābul), Bābur at 196; ? a rebel of 687.

Qarā-bāgh-meadow (Qandahār), flood-waters of 240; spoils shared out at 339; ? a rebel of 687.

Qarā-būgh (Samarkand), Bābur at 147.

Qarā-būlāq (Samarkand), Bābur at 66-7; a punishment at 66, 153.

Qarā-daryā (s. arm of Saiḥūn), now supplies Andijān 3 n. 6; 88 n. 2; App. A, ii.

Qarā-kūl (Samarkand), mentioned 84; irrigation of 76-7; a governor of 40; lost and regained by Aūzbegs 135-7.

Qarā-kūpa pass, ? Malakand (N.W.F.P. India), Bābur on 376.

Qarā-nakarīq ? (Kābul), a route through 209.

Qārlūq wilāyat (Panj-āb), a governor of 403.

Qarshī, Nashaf, Nakhshāb (Samarkand), described 84; Tarkhāns in 62, 88, 135 (here ? Kesh, p. 138); Aūzbegs and 135, *353-4; Bābur's wish to spare and Najm S̤ānī's massacre 359-60, 361.

Qarā-rabāṯ (n. of Herāt), Bāī-qarā defeat at 327.

Qarā-sū, Siyāh-āb (Kābul), Bābur fords 396; (N.W.F.P. India), he crosses 450; (s. arm of Zar-afshān, Samarkand) 78; course of 82; a meadow on 81; known as Āb-i-raḥmat 78.

Qarā-tīgīn (n. of Ḥiṣār-shādmān), passers through 58, 112, *349; Bābur plans to go through to Kāshghar 129; *his Mughūl assailants retire to 362.

Qarā-tū (Kābul), located 208-9; Bābur at 395, 409, 425.

Qarghā-yīlāq (Kābul), low hills of 320.

Qīāq-tū (Ghaznī ?), Bābur at 323.

Qībchāq road and pass (Hindū-kush), described 205; Bābur on 197.

Qīlaghū (Kābul), Bābur at 413.

Qīrīq-arīq (Kābul), Bābur at 410, 448.

Qila`-i-Ikhtiyāru'd-dīn, Ālā-qūrghān (Herāt), Bābur rumoured captive in 313; Bāī-qarā families abandoned in 327.

Qila`-i-ẕafar, Shāf-tiwār (Badakhshān), former name Shāf-tiwār 242; sends an envoy to Bābur 618; a rapid journey from 621; offered to Mīrzā Khān 21, *349; a Chaghatāī fugitive through 349; opposes the Aūzbegs 242; —Humāyūn's departures from (932 AH.) 545, *(935 AH.) 694-5; *Hind-āl in charge 696-7; *beleaguered by Sa`īd 697; *made over to Sulaimān 699.

Qīzīl-sū, Surkh-āb, q.v. (n. of Hindū-kush), locates a road 205; a fugitive on 321; Bābur near 192-3.

Quhlugha, Quhqa (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), see Dar-band-i-ahanīn.

Qulba meadow (Samarkand), described 82; 80; a murder in 128; Bābur in 72, 141.

Qūndūz (Badakhshān), n. limit of Kābul 200; pass-roads 204-5; head-waters of 216; tribes of 228, 402; Mughūls of 345, 361; a ruler in 47; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and 48, 50-7, 61, 94, 191, 260, 275; Khusrau Shāh and 57, 60, 70-4, 93, 110, 141, 196, 244; Shaibānī and 192, 242-4; goings to 270, 546; Bābur and 51, 318, *352-3, *362-3, *427-80; letters of victory sent to 371; his sister sent to 18, *352.

Qurgha-tū (Kābul), a route through 376.

Qurūq-sāī (Kābul), located by context 208-9, 341, 395; Bābur at 341, 395, 414.

Qūsh-khāna (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), an encounter at 71.

Qūsh-khāna meadow (Qandahār), Bābur in 338.

Qūsh-guṃbaẕ (Kābul), Bābur at 229, 241, 447.

Qūsh-nādir or nāwar (Kābul), Bābur at 247, 417.

Qūtlūq-qadam's tomb and bridge (Kābul), position of 208; Bābur at 198, 395.

Rabāṯ-i-duzd or -dūdur (n. of Herāt), a Bāī-qarā defeat at 263.

Rabāṯ-i-khwāja (Samarkand), head-quarters of Shavdār 97; Bābur's men in 73; Bābur in 97, 130-1, 127-8.

Rabāṯ-i-sarhang (Farghāna), Taṃbal in 108, 110.

Rabāṯ-i-Soghd (Samarkand), a battle near 111.

Rabāṯ-i-surkh (Kābul), Bābur at 341.

Rabāṯ-i-zauraq or -rūzaq (Farghāna), Bābur at 165, 396.

Rabāṯik-aūrchīn (Farghāna), see Aīkī-sū-ārā.

Rādagān (n.w. of Mashhad), T̤ahmāsp at 622; name and location of 622 nn. 4, 5, 623 nn. 4, 7.

Rāgh (Badakhshān), uprisings in 242, 321.

Rahap river, ? Raptī (India), course of 485.

Rāīsīng (C. India), Bābur's intention against 598.

Rant(h)ambūr (Rājpūtāna), revenue of 521; hills of 486; Sangā's 483.

Rāprī (U.P. India), a pargana of 644; a dependency of 686; military vicissitudes at 523-30-57-81-82-98; Bābur at 643.

Rashdān (Farghāna), birthplace of the author of the Hidāyat 7, 76.

Rāvī river (Panj-āb) 458; source of 485.

Rechna dū-āb (Panj-āb), *Bābur in 429.

Rivers of Hindūstān 485.

Rohtās (Panj-āb), a tribal limit 452 n. 5.

Rūm (Turkey-in-Asia), Kābul trade with 202; a medical remedy of 657; Rūmī defence of connected carts 469, 550, 564, 635.

Rūpar (Panj-āb), Bābur at 464.

Rūstā-hazāra, ? a tribe name (Badakhshān), men of join Bābur 196; (Elph. and Ḥai. MSS. Rūstā, Ilminskī, p. 153, Rūstākh; is it Rūstāq infra ?).

Rustam-maidān (Kābul), described 405; Bābur at 405.

Rūstāq (Badakhshān), revolts against Aūzbegs 242; see Rūstā-hazāra supra.

Sabzawār (Khurāsān), a return from 261; on a route 622 n. 3.

Ṣāf-koh (Kābul-Herāt route), Bābur on 295-6.

Safed-koh (Kābul), see Koh-i-safed.

Saighān (Khurāsān; see Fr. map Maïmènè), on the summer-road by Shibr-tū 205; Bābur in 294.

Saiḥūn-daryā, Sīr-darya, Khujand-water (Transoxiana), course of 2, 84 n. 5, App. A, ii; the Khāns and 13, 31, 156, 172; various crossings of 101-16; a proposed limit of lands 118-62; Bābur's crossings of 151 (on ice), 161, 170-9, *183; his men's success on 102; his father's defeat on 16; see Nārīn and Qarā-daryā for constituents of.

Sāī-kal (Kābul), Bābur at 342.

Sairām (n. of Tāshkīnt), locates Yagha 159; holders of 17, 35; name of used as a password 164; *withstands the Aūzbegs 358.

Sajāwand (Kābul), celebrities of 217; Bābur at 241.

Sakān (Farghāna), a ferry near 161.

Sakhan (Ghaznī), ruined dam of 219.

Sakhī-sawār (Dara-i-Ghāzī Khān, India), Pīr Kānū's tomb at 238; Bābur at 238.

Salt-range (Panj-āb), see Koh-i-jūd.

Sāmāna (Panj-āb), river of 465; fixes a limit 638; an appointment to 528; *a surmised source of historic information 693; *a complaint from to Bābur and punitive results 700.

Samarkand (mod. Asiatic Russia), description of 74-86; names of 74, 75 and n. 4; sub-divisions, see Bukhārā, Karmīna, Kesh, Khozār, Qarā-kūl, Qarshī = Nashaf and Nakhshab, Shāvdār or Shādwār, Soghd; meadows of 67-8, 70-77, 81-2, 128, 131; buildings and constructions in:— (1) Tīmūr's 77-8 and s.n. Gardens, (2) Aūlūgh Beg's 78-9, 80, 133, 142-4, (3) others 75-7 nn. 6-8; — Alps of 222; cold in 202-4; a comparison of 216; fruits 8, 510; bullies 7; Aimāqs 221; trade with Kābul 202; name locates places or fixes dates 1, 2, 25, 44-9, 136, 150-1-2, 244, 284, 289; Corps of Braves 28, App. H, xxvii; tūghchīs 28; rulers of 13, 35, 41-6, 52, 65, 74, 90, 111, 121-7, 147, 152, 479, 622; governors of 37, 131; comings and goings to and from 15, 20-2-4, 64, 88, 136-7, 148-9, 256, 300, 402-3; refugees to 46, 51, 58, 95 (plan for), 271; an execution in 51, 196; a raid near 16; `Umar Shaikh and 12, 15; Tarkhān revolt in 61-3; besieged for a bride 64; Abū-sa`īd takes 20-8; Maḥmūd Chaghatāī and 23, 88, 122; — Bābur æt. 5, taken to 35-7; his desire for 97-8, *706; desired by others 64, 111-2; his attempts on 64-6-8, 72-4, 92-3-7, 112-5-9, 131-2, *354; invited to 122-3-4; captures of 18, 35-9, 40, 74, 88, 132-4, 266, 277-9, *355, 471; his surprise capture compared 134-5; rule in 86-7, 135, 147; leaves it to help Andijān 88-9, 190; defeated at 133-141; besieged in and surrenders 141-7, 168, 24; leaves it 147, 358, 471; — Shaibānī receives it in gift 125; loss and gain of 74, 147, 168; occupation of 125-8, *183, 256, 300, 325-8, 360; — *Ḥaidar Dūghlāt in 357; Merv Mughūls near 357; Humāyūn attempts to recover 625, 639; — envoys from to Bābur 438, 630-1, 642; gifts to 522; Bābur's 1st Dīwān and the Mūbīn sent to 402, App. Q, viii, *438.

Samnān (Persia), a fruit of 6.

Saṃbhal (U.P. India), revenue of 521; snows seen from 485; hostile to Bābur 523; Bābur's 528, 547; abandoned by his men 557; Bābur at 586-7; deaths of officers in 675, 683 n. 4, 687; Humāyūn's fief 697, *700-2.

Sām-sīrak (s. of Tāshkīnt), The Khān's army counted near 154; hunting near 156; Bābur at 152.

Sān (Balkh territory ?), plundered 94, 295 (p. 94 for "Sān-chīrīk", read Sān and Chār-yak).

Sanām (C. India), river of 465.

Sang (Farghāna), Bābur at 176, *183.

Sang-i-āīna (Farghāna), described 7.

Sang-i-barīda (Kābul), Bābur passes 407.

Sang-i-lakhshak (Qandahār), Bābur at 333.

Sang-i-sūrākh (Kābul), Bābur passes 228; and (Dasht-Farmūl road) do. 235.

Sangdakī pass (Panj-āb), Bābur crosses 379, 392.

Sangzār (Samarkand), Bābur and 92, 124, 131; (p. 92, l. 9, read "to Sangzār by way of Yār-yīlāq").

Sanjī-tāq (Kābul), a pleasure resort 200 n. 6.

Sanjid-dara (Kābul), Bābur at 196, 406.

Sanūr (C. India), torrent of 464.

Sapān (Farghāna), a hostile force at 101.

Saqā (Farghāna), Bābur's victory near 113.

Sarāī Munda (U.P. India), Bābur at 651.

Sarāī Bāburpūr (U.P. India), see Mūrī and Adusa.

Sarakhs (on the Herī-rūd), Aūzbeg capture of 534.

Saran (Bihār, India), revenue of 521; held by a Farmulī *602, 675; an assignment on 679; locates troops 672 n. 4.

Sarangpūr (C. India), Sangā's 483; Bābur's intention against it 598.

Sara-tāq pass (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), described 129; mentioned on routes 40 n. 4, 58, 129; Bābur crosses 129.

Sār-bāgh (Kābul-Balkh route), traitors to Bābur near 546; (see Fr. map Maïmènè).

Sar-i-dih (Ghaznī), dam of 218; Bābur at 240, 323.

Sārīgh-chūpām (Badakhshan), *annexed to Kāshghar 695; *Ḥaidar Dūghlāt at 697.

Sar-i-pul, Bridge-head (Kābul), Bābur at 314; (Samarkand), an army at 65; Bābur defeated at 18, 137-8 to 141, 188.

Sarjū affluent of the Gogrā, q.v. 602 n. 1.

Sarsāwa spring (U.P. India), Bābur at 467.

Sarū-daryā, Gagar, Gogra, Ghogrā (India), two constituent rivers Sīrd (Sarda) and Gagar (or Kakar) 602, 1677 n. 2; course of (Gagar) 485; confluence and dū-āb with Gang (Ganges) 665-6-7, 677 n. 2; narrowed below and above the confluence 668 n. 1, 674 nn. 1, 2; rhinoceros and water-hogs of 490, 502; — various crossings of 544, 668, 671-4-5-7, 685; Bābur crosses after his victory on 674-7-9; leaves it 682; Battle of the Gogrā 671-7.

Sārū-qamsh (Khurāsān), an ascribed site of the battle of Jām 635 n. 4.

Sarwār (U.P. India), revenue of 521; Bībān and Bāyazīd sent towards 642; an assignment on 679; 682 n. 1; Bābur at ease about 679.

Sawād (N.W.F.P. India), a limit fixed 400; trees of 222; various products of 492-4, 510-11; brewing in 422; desolate 207; a test of women's virtue in 211; chiefs of 372-4; Yūsuf-zāī in 410, App. K, xxxvii, an arrival from 399; Bābur and 373-6-7, 411-2.

Sawā-sang (Qandahār), Bābur over-runs 249.

Sawātī, ? an adjective=of Sawād, q.v. kargkhāna and Bābur's rhino-hunting in 378, 450.

Sayyidpūr ? or Sidhpūr (Panj-āb), Bābur takes 429.

Sehonda, Seondhā (C. India), revenue of 521.

Shāf-tiwār (Badakhshān), see Qila`-i-ẕafar.

Shāhābād (Panj-āb), Bābur at 466.

Shāh-i-Kābul mountain, Sher-darwāza (Kābul), located 200-1; *Bābur buried on 710.

Shahmang ? (Panj-āb), once part of Kashmīr 484.

Shahr-i-sabz (Samarkand), see Kesh.

Shahr-i-ṣafā (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), a holder of 188; (Qandahār), Bābur at 332-3.

Shāhrukhiya = Fanākat q.v. (Tāshkīnt), a limit of Samarkand 76; names of 2 n. 5, 7 n. 5, 13, 76; holders of 13, 17; various military occurrences at 21-4, 16, 54, 7, 23, 151; Champion's-portion taken at 53.

Shakdān (Badakhshān), a force at 295.

Shāl = Quetta (Balūchistān), Shāh Beg goes to 337, *427.

Shām, Syria, a Samarkand tūmān compared with 84.

Shamsābād (U.P. India), exchanges of 477, 594-8, 613; an assignment on 677.

Sham-tū (n. of Hindū-kush), on a route 192.

Shāsh (W. Turkistān), see Tāshkīnt.

Shatlut river, ? Sutlej (Panj-āb), Bābur crosses 457.

Shāvdār or Shādwār tūmān (Samarkand), described 84; a fort of 68; head-quarters in 97; a Tarkhān in 122; joins Bābur 125.

Sherkot (Bhīra, Panj-āb), a holder of 382.

Sherūkān ? (Ghaznī?), a fight near 397.

Sherwān (n.e. of Mashhad, Persia), a native of 284; (see Fr. map Maïmènè).

Shibarghān (Khurāsān), besieged 94; defence planned 191; battle near 260.

Shibr-tū pass (Hindū-kush), described 205; height of 204 n. 4; meaning of name 205 n. 2; crossed 242, 321; Bābur crosses 294, 311; (for an omission on p. 205, see Add. Note p. 205).

Shīrāz (Persia), Yūnas Khān in 20; (Samarkand), a Commandant of 130; Bābur near 64-6, 73; raided by Shaibānī 92; 98.

Shīwa (Kābul-river), Bābur at 343.

Sniz (Kābul-Ghaznī road), Bābur near 248.

Shorkach (Ghaznī ?), locates a place 323 n. 3.

Shulut (Kābul), App. F, xxiv.

Shunqār-khāna mountains (n.w. rampart of Zar-afshān valley), Bābur crosses 130.

Shutur-gardan (Samarkand), described 142 n. 1, 143.

Sīālkot (Panj-āb), revenue of 521; officers of 98, *442-3; *attacked 443; Bābur and *429-52-54-58.

Sidhpūr (Panj-āb), see Sayyidpūr.

Sihkāna (Afghānistān), a tribe in 323.

Sihrind, Sahrind, Sirhind (Panj-āb), revenue of 521; names of 383 n. 1; rivers rising n. of 485; fixes a limit 638; fixes a date 457; snows seen from 485; a holder of 383; an assignment on 582; Bābur and *441-64, *693-9, *700-1.

Sikandar's dam (C.P. India), described 606; Bābur at 585.

Sikandara (U.P. India), Bābur at 587.

Sikandaräbād (U.P. India), Bābur passes 588.

Sikandarpūr (U.P. India), a ferry station of 677; an official of 668; Bābur at 679.

Sikrī (U.P. India), hills of 485; *Bābur keeps Rāmẓān at 351, changes name of 548 n. 2; selects it for his camp (933 AH.) 548; Bābur at 549, 581-5-8, 600, 615-6; revenues of support his tomb *709.

Sind (India), *Shāh Beg and 427-9.

Sind-daryā, Indus, of "Nīl-āb" as a name of 206 n. 3; fords and ferries of 206; tributaries of 216, 485; rhinoceros of 490; limits lands 206 n. 6, 231-3, 380, 392, 484, 525; — *Shāh Beg and 431; — *Bābur's compulsion to seek territory across 706; Bābur on 230-7-8, 378-92, *452-3; mentions it in verse 525-6.

Singar-water, Sengar (U.P. India), Bābur bathes in 649.

Sinjid-dara (Kābul), Bābur in 196, 406.

Sīr-āb or Sar-i-āb (n. of Hindū-kush), a pass-route to 205; a defeat near 51, 196.

Sīr-auliya (U.P. India), Bābur at 654.

Sīrd, Sīrda, Sarda (U.P. India), a constituent of the Gagar, Gogrā, Ghogrā 602.

Sirhind (Panj-āb), see Sihrind.

Sīrkāī, ? Sirakhs (Khurāsān), Shaibānī near 327.

Sīstān (Khurāsān), a s. limit of Khurāsān 261; plan of defence for 326.

Siwālik-hills, or Sawālak (N. India), Bābur on the name 485.

Sīwī, Sībī (Balūchistān), an official in 238; an incursion into 260; Sīwīstān, *427.

Siyāh-āb, see Qarā-sū.

Siyāh-koh (Kābul), located (unnamed) 209; various names of 209 n. 3.

Siyāh-sang (Kābul), meadow of 201; *scene of an Afghān massacre, App. K, xxvi.

Soghd tūmān (Samarkand), described 84, 147; Bābur and 64, 135, 147.

Son-water (Bihār, India), an enemy near 658; crossed for Bābur 662; Bābur on 666.

Spīn-ghur (Afghānistān), see Safed-koh.

Sūf-valley (Khurāsān), see Dara-i-ṣūf.

Sūgandpūr (U.P. India), Bābur at 686.

Sūhān-nūrī, or Sūhār-nūrī (Kābul), App. G, xxv.

Sūhān-sū (Panj-āb), a tribe on 380; Bābur on 379, 391.

Sūkh (Farghāna), Bābur's refuge in 7, 130 n. 1, 176 n. 1, *184-5; gifts to envoys from 633.

Sukhjāna (C.P. India), Bābur near 614.

Sulaimān-range (Afghān border), see Mehtar Sulaimān.

Sulṯānīa (Persia), cold of 219.

Sulṯānpūr (Kābul), Bābur at 409-13-47.

Sulṯānpūr (Panj-āb), founder of 442-61; a return to 457; *taken from Bābur 443.

Sūnkār (Rājpūtāna), Bābur at 581.

Sūrkh-āb (n. of Hindū-kūsh), see Qīzīl-sū.

Surkh-āb, Qizil-sū (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), Bābur's victory on 352-3.

Surkh-āb and rūd, Qīzīl-sū (Kābul), 207 n. 5; Bāgh-i-wafā on 208, Adīnapūr-fort on 209; wild-ass near 224; Bābur crosses 395; ruins near App. E, xvii.

Surkh-rabāṯ (Kābul), see Rabāṯ-i-surkh.

Sūsān-village (Kābul), Bābur at 422.

Sutluj and Shutlūt (sic Ḥai. MS.), Sutlej-river (Panj-āb), limits lands 383; course of 485; crossed 457; Trans-Sutluj revenues 521.

Syria, see Shām.

Tabrīz (Persia), cold of 204-19; Yūnas Khān in 20.

Tag-aū (Kābul), see Badr-aū.

Tahangar (Rājpūtāna), hostile to Bābur 538.

Takāna (? Khurāsān), a fight at 260.

"Takhta Qarachi" (Samarkand), 83 n. 2; see Aītmāk-dābān.

Takht-i-sulaimān (Farghāna) 5 n. 2.

T̤āliqān, T̤āīkhān (Oxus), a Bāī-qarā at 60; Mughūls from 192.

Tal Ratoi (Nathpūr, U.P. India), 681 n. 1.

Tang-āb (Farghāna), Bābur at 100; located 99 n. 4.

Tang-i-wāghchān pass (Kābul), see Gīrdīz.

Tank, Tāq (N.W.F. Province), see Dasht.

T̤arāz or T̤arar (E. Turkistān), see Yāngī.

Tarnak river (Qandahār), see Turnūk.

Tarshīz (Khurāsān), Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's victory at 259 and n. 5 (where read p. 524).

Tāshkīnt, Tāshkend (Russia-in-Asia), of its names 2 n. 5, 7 and n. 5, *184; its book-names Shāsh and Chāch 13, 76; ravines of App. A, ii; holders of 32-5, 115, 154, 161; a rebel at 36; Khalīfa sent to 90; name of used as a pass-word 164; Shaibānī's capture of (908 AH.) 23-4, *184; holds out for Bābur (918 AH.) 356-8, 396; its Aūzbeg Sulṯāns at Jām 622.

Tāsh-rabāṯ (n. of Herī), Bābur at 301.

Tatta (Sind, India), course of the Indus through 485; playing cards sent to 584.

Tāzī var. Yārī (Ghaznī-Qalāt road), Bābur at 248.

Tibet, Bābur locates 485.

Tijāra (Rājpūtāna), a chief town in Mīwāt 578; given to Chīn-tīmūr 578-9, 688.

Tīka-sīkrītkū, Goat-leap (Farghāna), `Umar Shaikh defeated at 16.

Tīl, Thāl (Kohāt, N.W.F.P. India), Bābur at 232.

Tīimūr Beg's Langar (Kābul), Bābur at 313.

Tīpa (Kābul), assigned for a camp 199; earthquake damage in 247; an exit from 254.

Tirāk-pass (Farghāna), 15 n. 5.

Tirhut (Bihār, India), revenue of 521.

Tīrmīẕ (Ḥiṣār-shādmān territory), a s. limit of Samarkand 76, Begīms of 37, 47-8; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and 5, 191; a governor of 74; Bāqī Chaghānīānī's 188, 249; a sayyid of *704-5; Najm S̤ānī at 359; entered for Bābur 640.

Tīr-mūhānī (Bihār, India), mentioned 679, 675 n. 1, 687 and n. 2; the Ḥabību's-siyar finished at 687 n. 2.

Tīzīn-dara (Kābul), 208 n. 4.

Tochī-valley (N.W.F.P. India), ? to be traversed by Bābur 231.

Toda-bhīm (Rājpūtāna), Bābur at 581; Sangā at 545 (where "Āgra district" is wrong).

Tons-river, Tūs-sū (U.P. India), Bābur on 656, 683.

Tramontana (between the Oxus and Hindū-kush), army of 447; *706.

Tūghlūqābād (Dihlī), Bābur at 476.

T̤ūl-pass and road (Hindū-kush), account of 205; height of 204 n. 4.

Tūn (Khurāsān), a Bāī-qarā holder of 296, 301.

Tūp (Kābul-Herāt road), Bābur at 295.

Tūqūz-aūlūm (Oxus), a defence question 191.

T̤urfān (Chinese Turkistān), Bābur plans going to 158.

Turkistān, course of the Saiḥūn in 2-3; trade with Kābul 202; gold-cloth of 641 n. 5; Shaibānī and 65 n. 3, 73-4, 135; his vow in Haẓrat Turkistān 356; *`Ubaid in 354.

Turnūk, Tarnak (Qandahār), 332 n. 3; a holder of 340.

Tūs-sū (U.P. India), see Tons.

T̤ūs (`Irāq), an astronomer of 79; Shaibānī attacks 534.

Tūta (U.P. India), Begims from Kābul pass 616.

Tūtlūq-yūl, Mulberry-road (Farghāna), Bābur on 165.

Tūtūn-dara (Kābul), water taken from 647.

Udyānapūra (Kābul), App. E, xxi; see Adīnapūr.

Ujjain (Mālwa, C. India), an observatory in 79.

`Umān-sea, receives the Indus 485.

`Umarābād (Khurāsān), an ascribed site of the battle of Jām 635 n. 4.

Ūnjū-tūpā (Farghāna), see Aūnjū-tūpā.

`Uqābain (Kābul), site of the Bālā-ḥiṣār 201.

Ūrgenj (Khwārizm), see Aūrgānj.

Ūrghūn (Kābul), see Aūrghūn.

Urūs-sū (W. Turkistān), see Arūs.

Ush (Farghāna), see Aūsh.

Ushtur-shahr (Kābul), Bābur in 195, 294, 314.

`Uṯrār, Otrār, Aūṯrār (W. Turkistān), see Yāngī.

Varsak (Badakhshān), position of 523 n. 1, Bābur's gifts to 523.

Vierney, Vernoe (E. Turkistān), position on site of old Ālmātū 2 n. 1.

Wakhsh (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), Aūzbegs at 352, 362.

Walīān pass (Hindū-kush), account of 205; height of 204 n. 4.

Warūkh (Farghāna), account of 7.

Wasmand fort (Samarkand), Bābur at 132.

Wazr-āb (Ḥiṣār-shādmān), 58 n. 1.

Yada-bīr (Kābul), Bābūr at 394, 411, 448.

Yaftal (Badakhshān), a force at 321.

Yagha or Yaghma (n. of Tāshkīnt), tombs at 139; Bābur at 139.

Yāī (Khurāsān), tribes in 255.

Yaka-aulang (w. of Bāmīān, see Fr. map Maïmènè), Jahāngīr goes to 294; passes from Herī-rūd valley to 310 n. 2; Bābur in 311.

Yak-langa (Kābul), Bābur crosses 445.

Yām (Samarkand), Bābur at 67; 84 n. 3.

Yān-bulāgh (Kābul), Bābur on road of 425.

Yāngī-ḥiṣār (Kāshghar), *a death-bed repentance at 362.

Yāngī = Tarāz (E. Turkistān), depopulated 2; book-name of 2 and n. 1; an army at 20.

Yāngī = Ūṯrar, Otrar (W. Turkistān), a mistaken entry of in some MSS. 2 n. 1.

Yāngī-yūl pass (Hindū-kush), described 205.

Yārī (Ghaznī-Qalāt road), see Tazī.

Yārī (Zar-afshān), Bābur crosses the bridge to 130.

Yārkand (E. Turkistān), *696.

Yār-yīlāq (Samarkand), Tīmūr's "head" of Soghd 84; fights near 35, 122; villages of 97-8; submits to Bābur 98; Bābur in 64, 92, 125, 130-1.

Yasān (Farghāna), see Khasbān.

Yāsī-kījīt (Farghāna), Bābur's men defeated at 27, 105.

Yīlān-aūtī or Yīlān-aūt (Samarkand), Bābur at 147.

Yīlān-chaq (n. of Hindū-kush), a tribe of 196.

Yītī-kīnt (Farghāna), mandrake in 11; of its position 11 n. 6; Yūnas Khān's headquarters 20 n. 5.

Zābul, Zābulistān, a name of Ghaznī q.v.

Zamānia (U.P. India), see Madan-Banaras.

Zamīn (Samarkand), locates places 34, 64; Bābur at 97.

Zamīn-dāwar (Qandahār), Arghūn chiefs in 71, 337-9; Zū'n-nūn's 274; taken by Bābur 27; plan to defend 326.

Zar-afshān river, Kohik-sū q.v. (Samarkand), described 76 and nn. 4, 5; Macha village on 149 n. 4; Bābur crosses 67, 130; *Najm S̤ānī crosses 360.

Zardak-chūl (w. of Balkh), over-run 94.

Zarqān or Zabarqān (Farghāna), Bābur at 161.

Zindān valley (Kābul-Balkh road), see Dara-i-zindān.

Zirrīn-pass (between Herī-rūd valley and Yaka-aūlāng), Bābur misses it 309-10.

Zurmut tūmān (Kābul), described 220; floods in 240; Gīrdīz head-quarters in 220.

Index III. General

Abbreviated names 29.

Abdu'l-wahhāb Ghaj-dāvānī see Wāqi`-nāma-i-pādshāhī.

Ablution—before death 188; reservoirs 208, 217, 580, 639, 683.

Abū-ṯālib Ḥusainī or Abū'l-ḥusain Turbatī see Malfūzāt-i-tīmūri.

Abūshqa, a Turki—Turkish Dict.—quotes verses as Bābur's 438; quotes Khw. Kalān 526; the Bāburī-script App. Q, lxiii.

Account-rolls of palm leaves 510.

Adoption—of a son 170; præ-natal 374, App. L.

Afghanistan and the Afghans, H. W. Bellew—vine-culture 210; decoy-ducks 225 (where, in n. 5, read title as above).

Afghan Poets of the XVII Century, C. E. Biddulph—Khūsh-āb Khattak mentions Bābur 439.

Afẓal Khān Khattak—(Raverty's Notes q.v.)—Nīl-āb (ferry-station) 206.

Agriculture—seed-corn and money advances 86; young millet grazed 215; methods of vine culture 210; water-raising appliances 388, 486-7; irrigation, "running waters":—Farghāna 4, 5, 7, Samarkand 76-7, 147; Hindūstān 486-7, 519-31-81, Qandahār 332-6, Chandīrī 596; —canals:—Farghāna 67, Samarkand 76, 147; —grain, corn:—Farghāna 2, 3, 55, 114-46, Kābul 203, 228, 373-4, [green corn] 394, Qandahār 333, Hash-nagar 410, Bārā 414, Bhīra 381; —raft of corn seized on the Sind 392; horse-corn fails on a march 238-9; (rice) 342-74-94, 410.

Akbar-nāma, Shaikh Abū'l-faẓl `Allāmīy, (trs. H. Beveridge)—(see notes on pp. given) +meanings+:—bāt-qāq 31; nihilam and tasqāwal 45; Tardīka 568; Tarkhān 34; fīl-i-daryā'i App. M. xlvii; —+persons+:—13, 22, 263-4, 346, 552, 562, 641, 657; —+various places+:—191, 206, 441, 523, App. J, xxxv; —winter access to Farghāna 2; Niẕāmī quoted 44; an inscription of Bābur's 343; Rūmi defences 469; the(Koh-i-nūr) diamond 477; a cognomen 566; risks to MSS. App. D, x; Akbar-nāma material *441-5, *691-3; Bābur supplemented 639; length of work on it *692 n.; Mubīn passage translated in the "Fragments" (q.v.) *437-8; Bābur's self-devotion *701; his choice of a successor *702 to 705, mentioned Preface xxxiii; translated from by Jahāngīr (?) xlv.

`Alī-sher Nawā'ī's comforts 287.

Allgemeine Erdkunde, Carl Ritter—Barā-koh 5; Bābur's farsī-gūī useful 7; Akhsī distances App. A, v.

`Amal-i-ṣāliḥ, Muḥ. Ṣāliḥ—Shāh-jahān's destruction of wine 298; tūīgūn (bird) 418.

Amanitates exoticae, Engelbertus Kæmpfer—Ijtihād 284.

Amusements see Games.

Ancient Geography of India, Major-Gen. Sir Alex. Cunningham—(see nn. on pp. named) Shibr-tu 205; Nīl-āb 206; Kohistān villages 214; Gūrkhattri 230; Bigrām 230; Udyān-apūra App. E, xxi.

Annals and Antiquities of Rajastan Col. James Tod—Sangā's force 547; negociations with Bābur 550; appearance 558; Ṣalāḥu'd-dīn (Silhādi) 562.

Antidotes—lime-juice 511, Lemnian earth 543.

Anwar-i-suhailī, Ḥusain Wā`iẕu 'l-kāshīfī—quoted 22; Firdausi quoted 557, Add. N, P. 557.

Apostates 577-8, 590-1.

Arabic Sciences 283-5.

`arāq see fermented drinks, s.n. Wine.

Archery—[see nn. on pp. named], good bowmen 16, 22, 26, 34 (2), cross-bowman 53, 263; remarkable feats 276, 279; —archer's marks:—ilbāsūn (duck), qabāq (gourd), tūqūq (hen) 34, takhta (target); qabāq-maidān 276;— arrows:—aūq 22, 34, 255, etc., giz 213, 225, khadang (white poplar) 13, tīr-giz 11 (where preface n. 2 by the name), 34; arrow-barb, paikān 22, -notch, gosha App. C, -flight 8, 140; flights of arrows 52; rain of, 138; quiver T. sāghdāq 160, 166, P. tarkash 526; an arrow-borne letter 361; —bows:—Chāchī bow (kamān) 13; cross-bow takhsh-andāz, kamān-i-guroha 55, 263; narmdīk yāī, an easy-bow 420; qātīq yāī, a stiff-bow 490; —bows ruined by Hindūstān climate 519, *700; —various:—chaprās, daur, gosha, kamān-khāna, kardāng explained App. C; gosha-gīr, a repairing-tool 166, App. C; Turkish bow-making a fine craft App. C, ix; dismounting to shoot 52; —to bow-string (T. kīrīsh sālmāq) 110.

Architecture Timuriya and Timurid Pr. xxxi.

Archiv für Asiatische Litteratur H. J. Klaproth (q.v.)—Kasan gardens 10; his extracts from the Bukhara Compilation MSS. Pr. xxxix, xlvii.

Ariana Antiqua, H. H. Wilson—Masson's art. Actīnapūr Region 227, Nagarāhāra App. E, xvii.

Army of the Indian Moghuls, W. Irvine—trepanning 109; misled 470; on muljār (q.v.) 592; "shātur" explained 593; firingi (gun) 473, pontoon-bridges 600.

`Arūz-i-saifi, Maulāna Sayyid Maḥmūd Saifi of Bukhāra, (trs. Blochmann and Ranking)—a note by Rieu 288; Saifi's pupil Bāī-sunghar 111; his high number of rubā'i measures App. Q, lxvi.

Asia Portuguesa, Manuel de Faria y Sousa—Habshi succession custom 482.

Astronomy and Astrology—Tables and Observatories 74, 79, Pr. xxx; Canopus (Suhail) 195; forecasts 139, 551; houses of Scorpio 633; Pole-star a guide 323, its altitude at Chandīrī 597; Capricorn 597.

Ayīn-i-akbarī, Abū-faẓl (trs. Blochmann, Jarrett)—(see nn. on pp. named); Climates 1; qīlīj (cognomen) 29; observatories 79; guns 473; clepsydra 516; kitchen rules 541; fruits 3, 501-3-4-5, 512; chalma 624; hunting deer 630; baḥrī (falcon) 632; mīlak (gold, cloth) 641; yak-tai (unlined) 652; —+(weights and measures)+ khar-war 228, tānāb 630, sang=tāsh 632; —a title 209; a child traveller 265; Barlās begs 270; +(places)+ Kābul 207, 221; Kacha-kot 250; Sidhpūr 429; Nagarāhāra App. E, xxiii; Buhlūlpūr 454; Kanwāhīn 458; Milwat (Malot) 461; Jahān-nāma 485; Chausath 581; Lakhnūr 582; Sikandra Rao 587, Godi, Gūī 601; —+(persons)+ 285, 653, 666, App. P, lvi; —Bābur's expedition to Kashmīr 693.

Agār-i-sanādīd, Sayyid Aḥmad Khān—places Bābur visited 475; Mahdī Khwāja and Amīr Khusrau's tomb 704.

+Noticeable words+: —P. āb-duzd 109 = P. dū-tahī 62, 595-6; aīkī-sū-ārā = P. miyān-dū-āb (Mesopotamia) i.a 88; aīmāq (clan) 51, 196, 207-15-55, Add. Note P. 49; M. ālāchī whence Alacha 23; arghamchī 614; āsh-kīna (stew) 4; aūdālīq (odalisque) = P. ghūnchachī q.v.; aūghlān (child, boy, non-regnant chief) 19; aūgh-lāqchī 39; aūrchīn 44, 88; aūng, ūng (Prester John's title) 23; aūpchīn 176, 282; Aūz-beg, -khān, -kīnt, i.a 162, (see A.N. trs. i, 160, 170); āyīk-aūt = P. mihr-giyāh (mandrake) 11.

The Bābur-nāma, Z̤ahīru'd-dīn Muḥ. Bābur (Lion) Mīrzā and (later) Pādshāh Ghāzī.

I. SECTIONS OF THE BOOK:—(The record of præ-accession years is lost Pr. xxxvi); (1) +Farghāna+ 1-182, (Trs. N. [bridging a gap] 182-185); (2) +Kābul+ 187-346, (Trs. N. 347-366), 367-425, (Trs. N. 426-444); (3) +Hindustān+ 445-602, (Trs. N. 603-4), 605-690, (Trs. N. 691-716);

SUB-SECTIONS:—(a) +Descriptions+ of Farghāna 1-12, Kābul 199-227, Herāt 304-5, Hindustān 480-521, Chandīrī 592, 596, Gūālīār 605-614; (b) +Biographies+ of Yūnas Khān 19-24 (see infra, displacements), of Mīrān-shāhīs viz. `Umar Shaikh 13-19, 24-28, Aḥmad 33-40, Maḥmūd 45-51, Bāī-sunghar 110-112, of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 256-292, of amīrs etc. 24, 37, 49, 270;

II. LACUNÆ:—(other than mentioned above); minor in 935 AH. see dating and nn. on pp. 617, 621, 630, 636, 687, and for surmised patching from fragments of 934 AH. 654, 655, 680; (1) +References to events of the gaps+ see nn. on pp. 105, 364 —208, 441, 575 —381 —408, 422 —(of 934 AH.) 603, 617, 618, 621 —an Akbar-nāma indication 639; (2) +Varia concerning the gaps+:—Causes of, Pr. xxxiv; misinterpreted xxxv; results in present displacement xxxvi;

III. VARIA CONCERNING THE BOOK:— (1) +Date of composition+, [see nn. on pp. named]; 48, 50, 79, 98 —102, 105 —139, 154, 176, 190 (l. 5 fr. ft.) 198 —203-4-6-8 —214-18-19-20 (para. 3), 269-76-78-85 —313 ("now" para. 2), 314 ("now" l. 4), 315 (l. 2), 318 (para. 2), 337 (l. 16), 373 (l. 8 fr. ft.), 374; (2) +Literary style and idiom+:— plain diction 2, precise wording e.g. 5, 79, 475, 485, appreciation of words 67, 265, 283, 627, comments on style e.g. 22, 67, and pronunciation 210, 484, early diary differs in wording from the narrative 367; lapses into courtly Persian 445, 537, 539; (3) +Grammatical details+:— relatives not used Add. Note, P. 167; uses of "we" and "I" 104, 118; distinctions of meaning expressed by Ar. and T. plurals e.g. 5, 80; uses of the presumptive tense 37, 75, 162, 167, 577 (cf. Shaw's Grammar); examples of idiom 29, 44, 66, 75, Add. Note, P. 167 (gharīcha); (4) +Varied information+ see Preface passim; (5) +Bābur's notes+: —Khwāja Maulānā-i-qāẓī 29 —Ibrāhīm Sārū 52 —Champion's portion 53 —Gūk-sarāī 63 —Fāzīl Tarkhān 133 —Aūz-kīnt 163 —Pass-words 169 —Multā-kundī 211 —Military terms 334 —Pīrī Beg 336 —Badakhshān 340 —Sl. Ma`sūd M. 382 —Campaign of 910 AH. 382 —Daulat Khān 383 —daqīqa 516 —pol 517 —Mullā Apāq 526 —kuroh (from the Mubīn) 630 —tāsh weight 632;

IV. WORK DONE ON THE BOOK:— (1) +Turki Codices+ see Preface, Cap. III, Part II and Table xli; —(a) Haidar Mīrzā's Codex—its importance Pr. xxxiv, xxxv, xxxviii, xli, xlii (No. iv); (b) Elphinstone Codex—archetypes 405, Pr. xli, xlii, xliii (No. v); its losses of pages 445; defacement 129, 325, 415, 548; Erskine's use of it Add. Note, P. 287; reliance on it in loco 1, 187, 445; preserves Humayun's attested notes 447-52-67, 510-14 and attributed notes 216, 494, 507 —also a quatrain on Mughūls 140; "Rescue-passage" not in it App. D; divergency from it in the Kasan Imprint ib. xiv; a former owner 706; referred to in nn. on pp. 7, 10, 12, 14, 23-6-8, 31-6, 44-7-8, 60-4, 75, 88, 112-3, 133 (Shaibāq), 143-8, 154 (dīm), 159, 161-4-9; Preface xli, xlii, xliii (No. v), xlvii; cf. JRAS Notes infra; (c) Haidarabad Codex, published in Facsimile by the Gibb Trust, ed. A. S. Beveridge—basis of the B.N. in English 1, 187, 445, Preface xxvii; appears a direct copy of Bābur's autograph Codex 47, 103, 515; contains (Jahangir's?) Rescue-passage App. D; divergency of Kasan Imprint from it ib. xiv; referred to in nn. on pp. 2, 8, 9, 10, 12, 133 (Shaibāq), 14, 18, 23 (careful pointing clears away a doubt), 28, 31, 36, 40 (Bāghdād corrected to Būghdā), 60-4, 75, 88, 132, 140-6-8, 153 (a mistake?), 154 (dīm), 159, 164 (sāīrt kīshī), 165, 168, 177 (Pers. dictum), App. A, i (Akhsī); Preface xxvii, xxxiii (title), xxxv, xli (Table), xlvi (No. x), xlvii;—

(2) +Persian work+:— (a) Tabaqāt-i-bāburī, described 445; made known to Erskine 520; its deference to Bābur App. P, lvii; shews a date 496; shews nature of an illness (B.'s) 446; specifies drinking-days 447, 450; gives a useful pen-name 448; Buhlūlpūr 454; of a gun 489; Varsak and Khwāstis 523; Naukar or Tuka 525; Bābur points "Sīkrī" to read shukrī 548; styles him "Nawāb" 560 etc.; describes a porpoise as baḥrī App. M, xlvii; helps as to "Luknūr" App. T, lxxiv; (b) Wāqi`āt-i-bāburī (Acts of Bābur), (the first Pers. Trs. 1583), Pāyanda-ḥasan Mughūl of Ghaznī and Muḥ-qulī Mughūl of Ḥiṣār—explicit 187, 198; useful variants 267, 624, 645; a puzzling phrase 549, and passage 617; title Pr. xxxiii; described liii (No. vi); (c) Wāqi`āt-i-bāburī (Acts of Bābur), (the second Pers. Trs. 1589), `Abdu'r-raḥīm M. Turkmān—misleading glosses 2 n. 1, 3 n. 1; tāsh misread 312 etc.; verses doubtfully Babur's 312; a gloss unsupported 337; a difficult passage 617; a fine illustrated copy (B.M. 3714) 155, 298, 325; Erskine's account of its diction (quoted) Pr. xliv (No. vii); on its title xxxiii;

(3) +Persian-English work+:—The Memoirs of Baber, Leyden and Erskine (1826)—[see nn. on pp. named]; +Varia+:— Leyden's slight collaboration 287, 367, 380, Add. Note, P. 287, Pr. xlviii, Cap. iv, [L. and E. Memoirs]; two notes by Leyden 10, 219; not fully representative of Bābur's autobiography 2, Cap. iv; advance in help (MSS. and other) since Erskine worked 347, 620-22, App. T, lxxiii; his own MSS. 680; Indian guidance 632, 661; dating agrees with Bābur's 629; misled by his Persian source [q.v. 3 etc.] and by a scribe's slip 544; his help to Ilminski 1, 187, 326, Pr. lv; misleads by uniform "Luknow" App. T; omissions 2, 632, 468, 559 (important); a prayer reproduced in its words 316; quoted 715; —+questioned readings+:—143, 223-5-9, 324-7, 333-7, 369, 400-16, Add. Note, P. 416, 446-49-57-62-67 (shaving-passage), 478, 523-34-49-55-59-61, 608-9, 617-19-26-38-40-46-47; —[Numerous verbal explanations and other notes are reproduced as Erskine's and each identified];

(4) +Turki-English work+:—The Bābur-nāma in English (Memoirs of Babūr), Annette S. Beveridge—see Preface and other contents of these volumes.

Bābar, Stanley Lane Poole—the Eight Stars 139; a misled note 468.

Bābur und Abu'l-faẓl, Teufel [ZDMG, 1862]—an opinion negatived 119; useful critique on "Fragments" (q.v.) Preface Cap. III, Part III and App. D; Mubīn MS. used by Berézine 438; Babur-nama title 653, Pr. xxxiii.

Bahar-i-`ajam (Pers. Dict.) see Dictionaries.

Bāz-nāma (Book of Sport), Muḥibb-i-`alī Barlās—its author's descent 276; l exchanged with n (cf. Luḥānī and Nuḥānī) ib.

Bélin M.—[Journal Asiatique xvi, xvii] 257-8, 271-82-92.

Bengali Household Stories, Macculoch—a sign of obedience 275.

Beveridge Annette S.—JRAS. Notes in referred to in loco:—MSS. of the B.N. Turki text 1900; Further Notes 1902, Haidarabad Codex and all others 1905, 1906; Elphinstone Codex 1907; Material for a definitive text and account of Kehr's Codex and its Persian alloy 1908; Kehr's Latin Version of part of his source i.e. the Wāqi`-nāma-i-pādshāhī (Bukhara Compilation q.v.) 1908, Klaproth's Archiv 1909, and (expected) on the confused identity of the Bukhārā Compilation with the Bābur-nāma 1922; —(2) Grounds for making a new translation Preface Cap. IV; the mistaken identity of Kehr's source (supra) Cap. III; of the Bābur-nāma, Preface passim.

Beveridge Henry—(1) +Notes in loco+:—tabalghū 11; Bābā-i-kābulī 14; Quintets 15, 288; a mistake by Firishta 15; Lotus-eaters 42; Daulat-shāh 46; Ḥāfiẓ parodied 201; Byron's tambourgī 247; Jāmī plagiarized 258; Khazīnatu'l-asfiyā quoted 211; Tīmūr's burial-position 266; syphilis 279; an illegal marriage 329; Bābur's satirical verse and Shaikh Zain 448; Z̤afar-nāma (?) quoted 485; "kaka" 502; Khw. Khusrau's couplet 503; the name "Cintra" for an orange 512; Tīmūr on Hindūstān 526; fate of Ibrāhim Lūdī's mother 543; ṯamghā 553; a pun 571; versus traced 571, 625-6;

Ibn Batūta quoted 591; date of Bābur's visit to Lāhor from Āgra 604; Khwānd-amīr 605; Raḥīm-dād 608, 688; Mahdi Khw. 704; Scorpio and Libra 623; Battle of Jām 635; "bulky Oolak" 663; Kashmīr expedition 693; a poor MS. App. P, lv; Shaikh Zain's deference ib. lvii; —(2) +Translations+: —(a) Akbar-nāma q.v. and Tūzūk-i-jahāngīrī q.v. —(b) revision of Persian farmān 553, and the Kānwa Letter-of-victory 559; —(3) +Articles referred to+: —(a) A.Q.R. 1899, Bābur's Diamond, was it the Koh-i-nūr? 447; 1901, An Afghān Legend 375, App. K; 1910, Paper-mills of Samarkand 81; 1911, Oriental Cross-bows 140, 142; Bābur's Dīwān (Rāmpūr MS.) 439; Some verses by the Emperor Bābur 439 —1915, Silhādī and the Mirāt-i-sikandari 614; —(b) Calcutta Review 1884, the Patna Massacre 672; —JASB. 1898, Bāyazīd Bīyāt 691; —1905, The Emperor Bābur's legendary son 558; —1884, Authorship of the Dabistān; —1916, Tārīkh-i-salāṯīn-i-afāghana 693; —(c) JRAS. 1900, On the word nihilam 45, 224 —1901, Pers. MSS. in Indian Libraries 348 —1910, On the word mutaiyīm 16, 275 —1913-14, Coinage of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā App. H, xxvi —1916, Rashaḥāt-i-`ainu'l-ḥayāt 620; —(4) +Other related articles+:— (a) A. S. Q.—Emperor Bābur and the Habību's-siyar 1906; Emp. B. and Khwānd-amīr 1909 (2 parts); Emp. B.'s opinion of India 1917; Attempt to poison B. ib.; Was `Abdu'r-raḥīm the translator of B.'s Mems. into Persian? 1900 (2 parts); (b) JRAS.—The B.N. "Fragments" 1908; Date of Shāh Ḥasan Arghūn's death 1914; An obscure quatrain by Banā'i 1917; The Mongol title Tarkhān ib.; Tarkhān and Tarquinius 1918; —(5) +His help+: see Postscript of Thanks, Preface lxi.

The Bible—untrimmed beard 552; moon-stroke 608.

Bibliothèque Orientale, B. d'Herbélot—(see nn. on pp. named), `Umar Shaikh 13; Sātūq-būghrā Khān 29; Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī 46; Mātarīdiyah and Ash`ariyah Sects 75-6; Ismā`īl Khartank 76; Naṣīru'd-dīn Tūsī 79; Nīl-āb 206; "Qīzīl-bāsh" explained 630.

Biographie Universelle, Langlésart. Babour xlv.

Biographies of Ladies (Sprenger's Cat.)—two women-poets 286.

Birds of India, T. C. Jerdon—partridge-tippets 496; cries ib.; bustard 498; mānek 499; likhh (florican) App. N; kabg-i-darīand chīūrtīka (snow-cock) ib.

"Blessed Ten" 562.

Blochmann H. (JASB. 1873)—Bābur's Mosque in Saṃbhal 687; see Āyīn-i-akbari.

Blood-ransom 461; retaliation 64, 102, 119, 194, 251-53, 424.

Boats—383-5-7-8, 407-10-22-23-54, 589, 652-4-5-6-8-9, 660, 662; Bābur names his Ganges flotilla 663, 669, 670-1-4-9, 681-4; pontoon bridge 599, 633.

Book-names—Akhsīkīt = Akhsī 9; Banākat = Shāhrukhiya 76; Chāch and Shāsh = Tāsh-kīnt 13, 76; Gālīūr or Gālīwar = Gūālīār 605; Nashaf and Nakhshab = Qarshī 84; Nagarahāra = Nīng-nahār 207; Tarāz = Yāngī 2.

Book-room—Ghāzī Khān Lūdī's 460.

Books (no titles)—Exposition of the Nafaḥāt 284; On Jurisprudence 285, —prosody 271, —rhyme 285, —riddles 289.

Botany of the Afghan Delimitation Commission, Aitchison—regional grasses 222; qarqand = sax-aol(?) 223.

Brahminical thread 561.

Bridge of boats see Boats.

Buddhist Records, S. Beal—Greater Udyāna-pūra App. E, xxi; sugarcane in Lāmghān 203 (where read Beal).

Browne, Professor Edward Granville—the Ḥaidarābād Codex Facsimile, Preface xlvi (No. x).

Building-stone—Samarkand 83, Kābul 710, Chandīrī 597, Dūlpūr 606, Gūālīār 608, Bīāna 611.

"Bukhārā Compilation," known as "Bābur-nāma" see Wāqī`nāma-i-pādshāhī.

Bullies of Marghīnān (Marghīlān) 7 (where in line 1, add, "They are notorious in Mā-warā'u'n-nahr for their bullyings").

Burhān-i-qāṯi` (Pers. Dict.) see Dictionaries.

Buried Cities of Khotan, Sir M. Aurel Stein—Aq-būrā-rūd 4.

Bū-stān, Sa`dī—couplets quoted 139, 152, 626.

+Noticeable words+:— (P.-Ar.-T.) bāghāt, bāghlār, bāghchā and begāt, beglār 5, 80, 478; bāghīsh 59, 69; bakhshī (in M. surgeon) 169; bāshlīqlār (commanders) 119; bātmān (a weight) 261; bātqāq (slough of despond) 31; bāī (rich man) 127; bāīrī (old servant) 30; bī = beg 127-8; bīldūrga 225; b:d-hindī = P. sih-bandī (Byde Horse) 470; bīlāk 446; būghū-marāl 8, 10; būghdā (cutlass) 40; būlāk and balūq 196, 17 and 221; būsh (bosh) 507.

Cabool (Kabul), Sir Alex. Burns—(see nn. on pp. named); wind and running sands 201, 215; climate 204; kabg-i-darī 213; Kohistān 214; millet 215; Bābur's Burial-garden 710.

Cadell, Jessie E.—quoted Preface xxvii.

Cadet-corps formed 28, App. H, xxvii.

Cairn i.e. "Bābur Pādshāh's Stone-heap" 446, Preface xxxvii.

Candles and candlesticks—none in Hind 518; offensive substitutes ib.

Canopus see Suhail.

Capitals of Farghāna—Andijān 3, Akhsi 10, Aūz-kīnt 162.

Caravans—15, 202, 250, 331.

Carruthers, Mr. Douglas—help from App. B, vii.

Carving—Bābur no carver 304.

Caste-names—518.

Catalogues:—(see nn. on pp. named); " Coins of the Shahs of Persia (B.M.), R. S. Poole—Bābur's surmised vassal coin 355, App. H, xxx, Preface xxxv; " Feronia Nursery Calcutta, Seth—Jack-fruit 506; sang-tarā orange 511; " Library of the King of Oudh, A. Sprenger—Biographies of Ladies 286; Shāh u Darwesh 290; Ahlī 290; " Library of Tippoo Sulṯān, C. Stewart—T̤abaqāt-i-naṣīrī 479; " Manuscrits Turcs de l'Institut des langues orientales, W. D. Smirnov—Malfūzāt-i-tīmūri 653; Bābur's writings ib. " Persian MSS. (B.M.), C. Rieu—Shāsh and Fanākat 2, 7; Khw. Kamāl 8; Akhsīkītī 9; `Abdu'l-lāh Barlās 51; Saifī 111, 288; Halwa-spring 260; Niẓāmī 271; Daulat-shah 274; Bāz-nāma 276; Suhailī 277; Marwārīd 278; Amīr Ḥamza 280; `Atā'u'l-lāh 282; Taftazānī 283; Khamsatīn 288; Husain Nishapūrī 288; Yūsuf of Farghāna 289; Hilālī 290; a scribe-poet 291; Sūlūku'l-mulūk 348; Nawā'ī's Dīwāns arranged 419; Histories of T̤ahmāsp 622; Ḥabibu's-siyar finished 687; Tārīkh-i-ṣalātīn-i-afāghāna 693, 701; —Kasan Imprint misleads 259; a questioned reading 266; " Persian MSS. in the I.O. Library, H. Ethé—Khw. Hijrī 153; Ḥusain Nishapūrī 288; Shāh u Darwesh 290; a scribe-poet 293; " Turki MS. in B.M., C. Rieu—the author of the Sang-lākh App. A, v; the Shaibānī-nāma 289.

Catamites 26, 42-5-9, 278, 396 (cf. 174 n.).

Cathay and the way thither, ed. Sir H. Yule (Hakluyt Society vol. i, p. 20)—running-sands 215.

Caubul (Kābul), Hon. Mountstewart Elphinstone—millet 215; Judas-tree 216; Indus ford (Nīl-āb) 378; "Nangrahaur" App. E, xix.

"Chaghatāī Castles" 208.

Chaghatāī families—`Alī-sher Nawā'ī a member of one, Preface xxxi.

Chaghatāī-Osmanisches Wörterbüch see Dictionaries.

Chaghatāīsche Sprach-studien, H. Vambéry—(mil.) pass-words (aūrān) 219; meaning of gepanzert 221, bīldurga 225, sīghnāq App. Q, lxiv.

Champion's portion won and explained 53.

Charikar, T. C. Haughton—Kohistan of Kabul 214-5.

Charles XII's sobriquet Iron-head 14.

Chār-ūlūs (Four hordes), Aulugh Beg Mirza, Preface xxx.

Childe Harold's Pilgrimage—tambourgi 247.

Chinese Turkistan, P. W. Church—marāl 8.

Chīngīz-tūrā (ordinances) respected 155, 298.

Chīnīūt, D. G. Barkley [JRAS. 1899]—its position 380.

Chirkas sword 65.

Chishti order 666.

Chrestomathie Turque, Berézine—the Mubīn quoted 438, 630.

Chronograms 85, 135, 152, 217, 344, 427, 575, 596.

Cider 83.

Circumcision 14, 69.

Coincidences 71, 123, 261, 686.

Coins—ashrafī 446-60; dām 383; kipkī 296; sikka (coined money ?) 277; shāhrukhi 379-83, 400, 408, 417-46-78-9, 523; tang 641; tanka "black" (i.e. copper) 521, "white" (i.e. silver) 338-9, 344, 446, 521-7, 641, App. P, lvii; "red and white" (money) 522; Bābur's "vassal coins" 354-5-6, App. H, xxx.

Confections—ma`jūn:—used in excess 16; gifts of 373; parties on non-drinking-days 447; eating of 377-83-84-88-93, 410-12-15-16-18, 420-2, 448-50, 580-8, 615-50-59-83; kamālī 373.

Congregational Prayer—unbroken attendance at 283.

Countermark [Bih-būd] on coins 277, App. H, xxv, xxvi, xxix.

Cross-bow, Sir W. F. Payne-Gallwey—archers' marks 34; bow-shot distances 140; what may apply to Bābur's ẕarb-zan and tūfang 667.

Cunningham, Maj.-Gen. Sir Alex. see Indian Eras and Reports on Arch. Survey.

Customs—Musalmān scruples about burial-places 246; the Champion's-portion 53; circumambulation of tombs 54, 285, 301-5-6, 475, and of the sick 701; amongst combatants' wives 22, 268; dipping 16 times in bathing 151; levirate marriage 23; mourning rites 32, 246, 293; a nativity-feast 344; nine a mystic number see s.n. nine; an ordeal of virtue 211; divining from sheep-blade-bones 233; pillars of heads 232, i.a. 573-6; rock-inscription 153; signs of submission 53, 232-3, 248; succession in Bengal 482-3 n. 5; unveiling a bride 37; gifts from those marrying 43, 400; gifts by wives q.v.

Cyclopædia of Archery see Kulliyatu'r-rāmī.

Czar Vassili III—Bābur's embassy to, App. Q, lxiii.

+Noticeable words+:—Chāchī 13; chāghīr 83, 298; chāpūk, slash-face 68; P. chār-dara 80, 629; chaughān (polo) 26; P. chalma 624; H. chaukandī = Ar. ghurfat and P. chār-dara (?) 629-63; chāpkūn 324; chiqār (exit) 44; yinka-chīcha 616; chuhra-jīrga 50, 227, App. H, xxvi-vii.

Dabistān, Mir Ẕū'l-fiqār `Alī'u'l-ḥusaini (pen-name Mūbad)—Nānak founder of the Sikh religion 461; Rādiyān sect 622; [concerning the authorship of the book see JRAS. H.B.'s art. q.v.s.n.].

Darwesh-life—soldiering abandoned for 262; return to 583.

Dating by events:—Battle of the Goat-leap 16, Dispersion of Aīrzīn 20, Battle of Kānbāī 111-2 [T.R. trs. 119]; the dating of 935 AH. 605, App. S.

Defrémery C.—[J. des Savans 1873], art. Les Mémoires de Baber (P. de C.) 562.

De Paris à Samarcande, Madame Ujfalvy—(see nn. on pp. named); Barā-koh 5, 6; Samarkand 74-5; qarā yīghāch (hard-wood elm) 81; paper-pulping mortars 81.

De Saçy, A. L. Silvestre (Nat. et Ex. 265, 285)—Ḥusain Shaikh Tīmūr 273 (cf. Daulat-shah (Browne) 538-9); date of Hilāli's death 290.

Dialects of the Hindu-kush, Col. J. Biddulph—Khowārī 211; forms of "nine" App. E, xix.

Dictionaries, Lexicons, Vocabularies:—[see nn. on pp. named]; " of Antiquities, W. W. Smith—clepsydra 516; " Arabic-English Lexicon, E. W. Lane—akhmail 336; " Arabes, Supplèment aux Dictionnaires, R. Dozy—baḥri (a falcon) App. M, xlvi; " Bahār-i-`ajam (Pers. Dict.), Rāī Tikchana Bahār—a sign of fear 232; the Taftazānī Shaikhs of Islām 283; " Burhān-i-qāti` (Pers. Dict.), Muḥ. Ḥusain b. Khalfa'u't-tabrīzī—izāra (dado) 80; " Chaghatāī-osmanisches Wörterbuch, Shaikh Sulaiman Effendi (ed. Kunos)—tunqiṯār 464; qūtān App. N, 1; sīghnāq App. Q, lxiv; " English-Persian, A. N. Wollaston—a rare meaning 648; " Hindustani-English, D. Forbes—changed name of an orange 511; "needle-melting" citron 513; great millet (maize?) 514; names of days 516; gongman ib.; " Hindustani-English, J. Taylor [ed. W. Hunter]—"sang-tara" and "Cintra" App. O lii; " of Islām, J. P. Hughes—turbans 15; eating of food 44; maẕhab 463; the Eight Paradises 646; legal endowment 701; " Oriental Biographical, T. W. Beale [ed. Keene]—Khw. Naṣīr Tūsī 79; " of Oriental Quotations, C. Field—a common couplet 22; " Persian-English, F. Steingass—176, 202, 286, (metres) 514, 527, 630; qīzil-bāsh 643; " Persico-Latinum Lexicon, I. A. Vullers—shash-par 160; kaka 502; gharau 514; rād (whence Rādagān) 622; " Pushtū-English, H. J. Raverty—Multakund 211; " Sang-lākh (Turki-Persian), Muḥ. Mahdi Khān—described App. B, v; kharpala (the "Qarshi birdie") ib.; contains verses entered as by Bābur 439; " Sanscrit-Bengali-English, Haughton—a stork 499; gula-prawn 502; " of Towns (Majama`u'l-buldān), Yāqūt—"Akhsīkīs̤" 9, 10; " Turc Orientale, A. Pavet de Courteille—Bābur's verses quoted 439, 526; a wag-tail 501; a meaning 626; Bābur's script App. Q, lxiii; " Turki Vocabulary, R. B. Shaw—kūk-būrā (a game) 39; qūrūgh, reserved land 81; aūpchīnlīk, 4 horse-shoes and their nails 176; chārūq, brogues, and chāpān, long coat 187; qālpāq, felt wide-awake 258; qūsh-begi, a Court official 278; shaghāwal ib. 463; jīrān, a deer 491; qīn, scabbard 503; akhta-begi, master-gelder 538; būljār, a rendezvous etc. 592; —Part II. J. Scully—qodan, water-hen 224; kīklīk (caccabis, chikūr) 496; `aqqa, magpie 501; qīrīch, swift 501; būīā, a plant 505; amān-qarā (perhaps maize) 504; aīrkāk-qūmūsh, male-reed 514.

Diseases and accidents:—(a) +Babur's+ saddle turns 147; sciatica 253-4; boils 254, 657-60; dislocated wrist 409-13-20; tooth breaks 424; ear-ache 310, 601-8-15; fall of river bank 655; fall of tent 678; wounds of head 150-167, —leg 167-9, —arm-pit 176; +his illnesses+:—unspecified (923) 365; catarrhal discharge (rezāndalīk) 446-49-51; fever (903 AH.) 88-9, (911) 247, (925) 399 to 401, (934) 585-6-8, 603-4, (935) 619-20, (937) 702-3-5; (b) +Of others+:—child-birth 36; small-pox 48; "violent illness" 45; frost-bite 116, 311; cold 151; ulcerated hand 125; siphylis 279; pestilence 524; paralysis 620; malarial fever 4, 8; fever 33, 246.

Diversity of place-names through trs. see (e.g.) Qīzīl = Surkh, Safed = Spīn.

Dividing line of the Afghāns and Khurāsān 200.

Divorces 267-8, 329.

Dīwān-i Bābur Pādshāh, [ed. Sir E. D. Ross]—not Bābur's earliest collection 438-9, 447; appears referred to 642; verses suiting his moods and deeds 604, 626-44, 705; verses of the Dīwān in the B.N. 526-75-84-89; the Wālidiyyah-risala and B.'s new ruler 643; Elizabethan conceits 645; concerning the Rāmpūr MS. App. Q, (illustration); 585; 635.

Dīwān-i Khwāja Ḥāfiẓ [ed. H. Brockhaus, trs. W. Clarke]—a couplet 411.

Dīwān-i Nūru'd-dīn `Abdu'r-raḥmān Jāmī—a quatrain plagiarized 257.

Dīwān-writers mentioned by Bābur—Āhī 289; Ahlī 290; `Alī-sher Nawā'ī (Pers.) 272; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (Turkī) 259; Kāmī 290; Saifī 288; Suhailī 277; Maḥmūd Barlās 51; Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī 46.

Domestic animals—ass 144; buffalo 231, 393, 454, 490; camel:—khachar 74, 249, tīwa 232-5, 240, 376-91; camels counted 391; flesh eaten 251; cost of keep 489; gift of 382; —cattle 150, 231-4-5-8, 333-96, 454; symbol of submission 232; —dog 144, 224; elephant s.n. Nat. Hist.; horse see s.n.; mule 194, 338; sheep 50-5, 71, 228, 234-5-8-9, 249-50, 394; swine 211; yāk 55, 490 (here baḥrī-qūtās) App. M; —fowls 82, 213; goose 82; pigeon 13, 259, 401.

Domestic appliances—china 80, 195, 407; festal ornament 304, App. I; drinking cups 489, 298 and 552; fuel 223, 311; goatskins 371, 421; gong 515; knife 44; lamp 518; litter 254 and 401, 331 n. 3, 268; rope 509; spoon 44, 73 n. 1, 407, 509; table-cloth 44, 132; tooth-pick 407; torch 213-34, 387-8, 518.

Dreams—Bābur's 132, (attributed) 132 n. 2, App. D, xi; another's App. D, xii.

Dress, articles of—bāsh-ayāq = sar-u-pā (head to foot) i.a. 159, 393; bathing-cloth (fūṯa) 275, 527; brogues (chārūq) 187; caps:—black lambskin (qarā-qūzī būrk) 258, ermine (ās būrk) 150, Mughūl būrk 15, 179; muftūl or mūftūnlūq Mughūl būrk 159; helm-cap (dūwulgha būrk) 167; —chār-qab 304, 527; clasp (qulāb) 156; girdle (tak-bund) 156, (bīl-bāgh lit. waist-band) 298, (kamr-bund) 642; cymar (khimār) 561; coats and tunics:—jāma 652, surtout (jība) 303, 632, long coat (chāpān) 187, sheep-skin coat (postīn) 181; short tunic (nīmcha) 652; tunic and coat (tūn) 14, 51, 159, 166, 371, 400; clothes-in-wear (artmāq, artmāq) 339; torque (ṯauq) 561; head-wear (bāshlīq) 632; lung (dhoti) 519; rain-cloak (kīpīng) 389; feather tippet 496; turban 14, 33, 101, 258; turban-aigrette 225, 325; wide-awake (qālpāq); vest (kūnglāk) 171.

Drums—nagaret 144, 155, 250, 337, 369, 628; of departure 235, morning 392, saddle 163-4; drumming sound [at the Running Sands] 315; dismissal of 595; tambour-player 247.

Durch Asien's Wüsten, Sven Hedin—Farghāna wind 9.

Dynasties—Bāhmani 482; Qīlīch 29; Tūghlūq 451; Shaibānī's destruction of 39; "Mughūl Dynasty" a misnomer in Hind 158 (see s.nn. Turk and Mughūl).

+Noticeable words:+— dābān, a difficult defile; dādā 157 (see ṯaghāī); Ar. daur, warp of a bow, App. C; dīm [T root de, telling] = P. san, numbering 154, 161, 468, Add. Note, P. 54.

Ear-rings 510 (where add (in l. 5) an omitted passage entered in App. O, liv).

Economic Products of India, Watts—date-plum 210; fish-drugs 226; oranges var. 512.

Editors mentioned in loco—A. S. Beveridge, G. B.'s Humāyūn-nāma, and Fac-simile of the Ḥaidarābād Codex; H. Brockhaus, Die Lieder des Hafis; E. G. Browne, Taẕkirātu'sh-shu`arā (Memoirs of Poets), Tārīkh-i-guzīda (Select History); C. M. Fræhn, Shajarat-i Turk (Genealogical Tree of the Turk); N. I. Ilminski, Bāber-nāma (Kasan Imprint); I. Kūnos, Shaikh Sulaimān Effendī's Vocabulary; D. C. Phillott, Taẕkirāt-i T̤ahmāsp; E. D. Ross, Bābur's Dīwān (Rāmpūr MS.), and Three Turkī MSS. from Kashghar; C. Schafer, Siyāsat-nāma; R. C. Temple, Peter Munday's Travels; F. Veliaminof-Zernov, Abūshqa; H. Yule, Wood's Journey.

Einblicke in das Farghana Thal—A. I. v. Middendorf—winds 9.

Elphinstone, Hon. M.—his Codex see s.n. Bābur-nāma.

Embassy from Bābur to Moscow App. Q, lxiii.

Embassy to Timur, Ruy Gonsalves di Clavigo (trs. Sir C. Markham)—Hindustan the Less 46; kneeling in greeting 54; Samarkand 74-5-8; Kesh 83.

Encyclopædia Britannica—range of temperature 204; Farīdu'd-dīn `At̤t̤ār 271; rhinohorns 408; maize when first in Asia 509.

Encyclopædia of Islām—Réné Basset's art. Al-buṣīrī 620.

Erskine William—Preface xxxiii, xliii-iv-viii-ix, Cap. IV, [see Memoirs of Baber and History of India].

Essays, Lord Bacon—Ismā`īl Ṣafawī's personal beauty 441.

Etiquette and decorum—well-mannered 45, 271-3-6, 303; knees not crossed 33; feet hidden 34; deference to elders 303; epistolary 332; farewell 330; —+Interviews+:—kneeling 61-9, 301, 408; looking one another in the eyes (i.a.) 54, 64; embrace 160; +—Meetings+:—The Khāns with Bābur 54, 159, 169; the two Khāns 160; Tīmūriya reception 59; Bābur and the Bāī-qarā Mīrzās 297-8-9, and elder Begims 301-97; his reception of Khusrau Shāh 193, Daulat Khān 459, Naṣrat Shāh's envoy 640-1.

Exemplars of Bābur—Preface, Cap. I.

Expédition scientifique Française, C. E. Ujfalvy—yīghāch (measure) 4; Aūsh (Ūsh) 5; Barā-koh 5; Bābur's serviceable "Farsī-gūī" 7; misreading (?) App. A, ii; distances near old Akhsī ib. v; Samarkand 74; Āb-burdan 152.

Explorations in Turkistan, R. Pumpelly—Āq-būrā-rūd (Huntingdon's art.) 5; Akhsī App. A, i, v.

Fair at Sakhī-sarwār, Michael Macauliffe—238.

Famous Monuments of Central India, Sir Lepel H. Griffin—Gūālīār 605.

Fān-valley, W. R. Rickmers—[JRGS. 1907], Sara-tāq-dābān 129; Āb-burdan 152.

Farhang-i-aẕfarī [Turki-Pers. Dict.] nihilam explained 45.

Fauna of British India, Oates and Blanford—flying-squirrel and snow-cock 213 nn. 5, 6, 7; various birds 495, 497, 501.

Festivals—Bābur's Rāmẓān rule 584; Īd-i-fiṯr 66, 235, 311, 351, 410, 584, 683, 689; Īd-i-qurb-ān 154; Nū-roz 236; approximation of Nū-roz and Īd-i-fiṯr 236.

Fifth-share (Khams) 324.

Five-days' World 50, 128, 328.

Flora Indica, W. Roxburgh—spikenard 392; mahuwā 505; gūlar 508; chirūnji ib.; kīūrā 514.

"Florio Beg Beneveni", Secretary to a Russian Mission, Preface xliv.

Folk-lore—test of a dead woman's virtue 212; blizzard-raising spring 219; "commerce with the Spheres" 275; eye-bewitchment 664; omen as to sex of an unborn babe App. L; succession customs 482.

Food (ex. birds and fruits)—bread 148 (cf. A.N. trs. i, 421 for spiced bread, also Memoirs p. 144 n.); brochettes (kabāb) 148, 415; betel 440; camel-flesh 493; carrots 542; cheese 394; meat cold 411; date-palm cheese 508; dried meat 542; fritters 541; haggis 506; hare 542; honey 203, 409, 440; lotus seed 660; mango preserve 440; millet porridge 181; pistachio nuts 508 (cf. s.n. Nat. Hist.).

A Frontier Campaign, Lord Fincastle—khahr = shahr 367; Katgola and Panj-kūra 374.

Frontier-posts 213.

Games and amusements—acrobats 635; cards 584; chess 38, 275-84-87; dancing 276-99, 303; dancing-girls 522, 634; dice 16, 275-8; draughts 16, 278; feats of archery q.v.; fights of cocks 259, rams 259, elephants 631, camels 631; improvisation and recitation of verse 16, 26, Preface xxx; kūk-būrā 39; leap-frog 26; pigeon-flying 13, 259; polo (chaughān) 26; wrestling 292, 660-83, Index I. s. nn. Dost-i-yāsīn, Ṣādīq; hawking and fowling see s.n.

Gardens—+Andijān+:—Chār-bāgh 29, Ḥāfiẓ Beg's 108, Birds' 168, Aūsh 5, Asfara 7, Kāsān 10; Tāshkīnt:—Ḥaidar Kūkūl-dāsh's 54, Poplar 145, 146; +Samarkand+:—Heart-expanding 78, 82, New 62, 138, North, Paradise, Plane-tree 78, Plain's 92, Porcelain, World-picture 78, Darwesh Tarkhān's 80, 81; +Kābul+:—Almshouse 315, Avenue 647, Bābur's Burial-garden 709 see illustrations, Chār-bāgh 249-51-54, 346-97-98, 416-7-8, Ḥaidar Tāqī's 198, 401, Khalīfa's 315, Little 198, Paradise 315-6-7, Plane-tree 401, 418, Private 346-97, Rendezvous (?) 346, Violet 395, 415-7; +Koh-dāman+:—Istālif 216-7, 398, 416, New Year's 246, Royal 418; +Nīng-nahār+:—447, Adīnapūr 207 and n. 5, Chār-bāgh, Fidelity 207 n. 5, 208, 394, 409, 414-21-22, 443-7; Qarā-tu 395; +Herāt+:—`Alī-sher's 305, Marigold, Town, White 306, Raven's 134, 306; +Hindustan+:—Ṣafā (purity) 381, 665, (Agra), Chār-bāgh, Eight-paradises 531-3-7, 543-4, 548, 616-34-86, Gold-scattering 640-41, 689 n. 3, *708, Garden of Rest 709, (+Dūlpūr+) Chār-bāgh 603-6-15, Lotus 639, (on the Gagar) 465, (Sīkrī) 581-4, (+Gūālīār+) 607-10-12-13-14.

Gardening see "Indian" and "Manual".

The Gate—Lordship in 24; Bābur's 26, 32; the place of judgment 24, 197, 259; Gate-house 43; between-the-doors 24, 100, 133; waiting in 277; gate-ward post 166.

Gates of India, Sir T. H. Holdich—a Central Asian claim to Greek descent 22; headwaters in Koh-i-baba 216; a route 310.

Gazetteers:—[see nn. on pp. named];

" of India [ed. 1908-9]—Observatories 79; Nīl-āb 206; Gūr-khattri 230; Pīr Kānū 238; Sawātī 378; Parhāla 387; Nagarahāra App. E, xvii, xx (Bellew); the Gagar (Kakar, Ghagghar) 465; Bāgar 573; Chandawār, Chandwār 581-9, 643; Lukhnūr 582; Sarwān 587; Sikandra Rao ib.; Gūālīār 605, 610, 611; Parsarūr 684;—Gujūr 250; Kakar 386; Luḥānī (var.) 455; Mundāhir 700; —brackish streams 384; a ruined range 486; a hunting-ground (Bārī) 509; Jūna(h)pūr = Junpūr 676; —tree squirrel 492; frogs 503; yāk App. M, xlvii.

District Gs. of India:—Allahabad, (H. G. Neville), 653; `Azamgarh, ("), 680; Ballia, ("), 664, 667; Etawa, (Drake-Brockmann), 644 nn. 2, 6; Fathpur, (H. G. Neville), 651; Fyzabad, (") 656, App. U; Ghazipur, (Drake-Brockmann), 658; Gualiar, C. E. Luard, 590-4-7, 605-9, 610-12-13-14; Gurgaon, (F. Cunningham), 578-80; Jihlam, ("), 452, 461; Mainpuri, (E. R. Neave), 643-4; Rawalpindi, (F. A. Robertson), 452; Saran, (L. L. S. O'Malley), 664; Shahabad (D. B. Allen), 664; Sultanpur, (H. G. Neville), 683; Ulwar, Alwar (P. W. Powlett), 557-8.

Gazetteers of the Province of Oude, App. T, lxxv, lxxvi.

" of the Turkistan Region, Col. L. F. Kostenko —+Farghāna:+—passes 2; fruits 3; cooking recipe 4; fever 4; running-waters 5; Āq-būrā-rūd 5; Khujand 7, 8; Mogol-tau 8; Sang-ferry 176; —+Samarkand:+—74; extent of town 75, 145; Kohīk-sū 76; paper-making 81; Āb-burdan 15; three passes 83, 90, 129; Lake Iskandar 129; —distances 4, 6, 75, 84; ravines App. A, ii; various ib. v; rapid riding 25; kūk-būrā 37; Sārts and their tongues 6, 7; Central Asian claim to Greek descent 22.

Géographie, Abū'l-feda [trs. Reinaud]—land cultivated by the Zar-afshān (Kohik) 76; Naṣīr Tūsī 79; names of Qarshī 84.

Geography and History of Bengal, H. Blochmann—Habshi succession-customs 452.

" of the Qandahār Inscription, T. Beames [JRAS. 1898]—revision incomplete App. T. xxxiv.

" Oriental [Ashkālu'l-bilād] Ibn Ḥauqāl, [trs. Ouseley]—absorption of the Sīr 3; "Banakas̤" 9; Akhsī App. A, ii, iii; Kohik irrigation 76; Samarkand Gates 77; Qarshi names 84.

Geographical unit, [village and its cultivated land] 3.

Geschichte von schönen Redekünste Persiens, Freiherr v. Hammer-Purgstall—Hilālī 290; Shāh u Darwesh 290; Sām Mīrzā's jeer 648.

Ghiyāsu'l-lughāt (Pers. Dict.), Muḥ. Ghiyāsu'd-dīn Rāmpūrī—kardi-peach 504.

Ghulām-i-muḥammad (collaborator with Raverty)—Nijr-au 213; Nīl-āb 206; Bābur's frontier-posts 213; a route 208.

Gibb, E. J. Wilkinson, Memorial Trust—Preface xlvii.

Glossary of Terms, H. H. Wilson—ser (sīr)-measure 517; tanāb-measure 630.

The Golden Bough, T. G. Frazer—a succession custom 482.

Goswara Inscription, Kittoe and Kielhorn [I.A. 1888]—App. E, xviii-ix, xxii.

Grant, Mr. Ogilvie—his help App. B, vii.

Great Diamonds of the World, E. W. Streeter—its Koh-i-nūr account incomplete 477.

Greek descent, 22, 341.

Guest-begs 141, 227.

Gul-badan Begīm (Lady Rosebody) see H. N.

Gulistān, Sa`dī [trs. Eastwick]—quoted 42, 152-8, 190, 313.

Gulzār-i-Bihār, Ajodhya Prasad—rulers in Tirhut and Darbanga App. P, lvii; varied by Sir G. A. Grierson (I. A. 1885) ib. n. 1.

+Noticeable words:+— P. gosha, bow-tip and notch App. C; P. gosha-gīr, an archer's repairing-tool 160-6, App. C, = chaprās and kadāng; P. ghūnchachī 17.

Ḥabību's-siyar, Khwānd-amīr—[see nn. on pp. named]; relations with the Bābur-nāma 57, 127, 256, 328; value as a source 70, 348, 426; not used for The Memoirs 347; used by Bābur 11, 256-91; completion of 687; —Kinsmen of Bābur 13, 18, 34-5, 46-8, 50, 61, 90, 111, 127; —Bābur 29, 147, 184, 297, 354-7, 432-7, 704; —various persons 25, 38, 47, 50-4-8, 72, 98, 111, 128, 249, 396; [Bih-būd] 227 and App. H, xxvi, 579, 621; varia 133, 244-96, 327-8-9, 463 (n. where read Tamarisk), 469, 617-22; —Herāt 305; Chār-shaṃba 71; kīsāk 66; Niẕāmī 85 (where in n. read l. 2), Ḥ.S. iii, 44, 167.

Haft Iqlīm, Amīn Aḥmad Rāzī—celebrities of Chīrkh 217.

Hand-book to Dihli, H. J. Keene—places visited by Bābur 475.

" to Bengal, Murray's—observatories 79; Dihli 475, 704.

" to the Panj-āb, Murray's—Qandahār Inscription App. J, xxxiii.

Hawking and fowling—experts in 31-8, 40-5, 67, 270-3-6; birds with dogs 224; a story 254; lost hawk 394; Bābur's gift of a goshawk (qārchīgha) 385; Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī and goshawks 34, Add. Note, P. 34.

Herāt's high standard of proficiency 283, Preface xxx; see Index II.

Herat, On the city of, Col. C. E. Yule [JASB. 1887]—280, 305-6.

" B. de Meynard (J. A. xvi)—257, 305-6-7, 326.

Hidāyat, Burhānu'd-dīn `Alī Qīlīch (trs. C. Hamilton)—its author's birth-place 7, 76; held in honour 76; his descendant 29; Khams, the Fifth 324.

Hidāyatu'r-rāmī (The Archer's Guide), Amīnu'd-dīn (T. O. MS. 2768)—nāwak 142; gosha-gīr App. C, viii; (cf. AQR. 1911, H.B.'s art. Oriental Cross-bows).

High Tartary, R. Shaw—tanga, (coin) App. P, lvii.

Hindū-shāhī rulers in Kābul 200.

Hindustani uses of "Khurāsān" 202 and other words 455-88-91-92-99 (where for yak-rang read bak-ding); pronunciation 380, 484.

Hinks, Mr. A. E. (R.G.S.), estimate of distance from Kishm to Qandahār 621.

Histoire de Chingiz Khan, F. Pétis de la Croix, the elder—Gūk-sarāī 63, Ascension Stone 77.

Histoire du Khanat de Khokand, L. Cahun—Farghāna winds 9.

" du Khanat de Khokand, Gen. V. R. Nalivkine—Sarts 6; Akhsī App. A, i, iv, v; tradition of Bābur's abandoned child 358.

" de Timur Beg, F. Pétis de la Croix, the younger—Samarkand Gates and walls 77 (see Z̤afar-nāma).

Historical Sketches, Col. Mark Wilks—wulsa (flight en masse) 486-7 (where for "ūlwash" read ūlwan); Add. Notes, P. 487.

Histories:—(see nn. on pp. named).

" of Bukhara, A. Vambéry—descent of chiefs 244.

" of Gujrāt, E. C. Bayley trs. see Mirāt.

" of India, Elliott and Dowson—Tarkhāns 31 (where add (n. 4) references vol. i, 300, 320-1, 498); Farmūlis 456, 675; Bugīāls 452; varia 274, 440-77, 652-9, 693; places 191, 219, 457, 582, 699; earthquake 247; Mīān = Shaikh 457; a B. N. source 348, 428-39, 621; The Malfūzāt-i-tīmūrī 653; supers-session of B.'s sons proposed 703.

" of India, Baber, W. Erskine—148-94, 247, 332-8, 343-6, 361, 440-78, 520-2, 562, 651, 702; gunpowder 369; coins and Revenue List 446-78, 520-22, 627, App. P, lv; value of the book 428.

" of Musical Sounds, C. Carus-Wilson—215.

" of Ottoman Poetry, E. J. Gibbs—double meaning in composition App. Q, lxiv.

Hobson-Jobson, Sir H. Yule (ed. Crookes)—(see nn. on pp. named), Byde (var.) Horse 470; the Koh-i-nūr 477; black-buck 491; gynee-cow 492; partridge cries 496; rock-pigeon (bāghrī-qarā?) 498; coucal 500; koel 501; mango 503; plantain 504; "mohwa" 505; kīshmīsh 505; jambū 506; jack-fruit 506; toddy 509; an orange 511; shoe-flower 513; ghurry (clepsydra) 516; ser (measure) 517; "bowly" (baoli) 533; "talookdār" 621; "cuscuss"-grass 631; "moonaul" (monal) App. N, xlix; "choki" App. V, lxxxi.

Holy War—against Kāfiristān 46; Bābur's against Sangā 547 et seq. and Chandīrī 589; references to 579-83, 637.

Horse-accoutrement—Mughūl 160; mail 140-67, 380; saddle-bags 338.

Horses—tīpūchāqs;—a breeder of 38; mentioned 235, 303 and 336 (grey), 383 (almond-coloured), 401, captured at Qandahār 338; —Kābul horse-trade 202; horses bred for sale 235; how fed in a siege 145; eaten on a journey 148; swim the Zarafshān in mail 140; in snow 253, 308-11; single-file in snow 314; women's use of during a battle 268; murrians 31; abandoned 239, 379; invalided to Kābul 376-8; trodden down by elephants 457; restorative treatment 666; —tribute in 228, etc.; raided by Bābur 313; galloping-ground for 222; steps counted to estimate a distance 666; —qūsh-āt, a change-horse led by a rider 453; corn and grass for 186, 221-2-3, 238; 311, 394; unfit grass 222; anatomical similarity with the rhinoceros 490.

Hot-bath, ḥammān—Samarkand 78, Akhsī 173, Kābul 346, Bābur finds none in Hindūstān 518, constructs in Agra, 532, 634, in Dūlpūr 614, 639.

Households and families—various 32, 123, 125-9, 141; Bābur's sent to him 71-2, 151-3; (B.'s) 184, 306; marching for Kābul 189, 191-7; Mughūls' come to B.'s army 192-4; B. safeguards 199, 460-1; driven like sheep 242 (2); Bāī-qarās desert 327; Shaibānī anxious about 135, 343; B.'s come to Hind 645-6, 650-7-8, 665-75-89; his wives and children 711-4.

Houses—high 221, windowed 201; in Chandīrī 597; in Gūālīār 608.

Huma, a fabulous bird 26.

Hunting:—circle (jīrga) 114, 325, 424-50, 657; Babur's hunting 296, 602, 707.

Humāyūn-nāma, Bāyazīd Bīyāt—a commanded book 691.

Humāyūn-nāma, Gul-badan Begīm—(trs. and ed. A. S. Beveridge)—[see nn. on pp. named]; Adik Sl. 23; a betrothal 48; Khān-zāda 147; Māh-chūchūk 199, 342; Apāq B. 301; Mahdī Khw. 381, 688, 703-4, 579; `Asas (1) 387, (2) 552; Māmā Atūn 148, 407; various men 408 and 640, 526; a begīm's manly pursuits 263; Māhim B. 344, 686; Mirzā Khān 433 (where, l. 2 fr. ft. read grand-"mother"); Bābur's sons 436, App. J, xxxv, 619, App. L, xliii, 545; B.'s daughters 441, 522, 708, 713; Bābur's wounds 167, 524, 616, 630; his self-devotion 701, (illustration 702, Preface xxxii;) his death 708-9; removal of body to Kābul 709; —references to the H.N. 347, 689, 691-4, Pref. xxviii; its Biographical App. 13, 705, 711.

Ibn Batuta see Travels.

" Ḥauqāl see Geography.

Illustrated London News—fortress gun and stone ammunition 595; rafts 673.

Indian Eras, Sir Alex. Cunningham—intercalary months 515; discrepant dates App. S, lxxi.

Indian Forest Trees, D. Brandis—[see nn. on pp. named], date-plum 210; cypress 222; weeping-willow App. I, xxxii; "mohwa" 505; bullace-plum 507; orange-like fruits 510; ebony-tree 585.

Indian Hand-book of Gardening, G. T. F. Speede—sinjid (jujube) 203; amlūk (date-plum) 210; saṃbal (spikenard) 392; "keeras" (cherry) 501; kamrak (averrhoa carambola) 506; sang-tāra (orange) 511; under-ground jack-fruit App. O, lii.

Inscriptions—Bābur's atĀb-burdan 152, Bād-i-pīch pass 343, Qandahār App. T; —on Ajodhya Mosque App. U; on B.'s tomb 710.

Inscriptions de Caboul, J. Darmesteter [J.A. 1888]—in Bābur's Burial-garden 710.

Intercession—Bābur's, through Aḥrārī 620; through Imām `Alī, 702.

"Islam"'s foes killed 370; its army 564.

Ivory 489.

Jogis—at Gūr-khattrī 230.

Journal of Travel, W. Griffiths—red apple 507; cicadæ s. of Ghazni App. N, l.

Journey from Bengal to England, G. Forster—division of climates 229 (where for "Travels" read Journey).

Journey to the Sources of the Oxus, J. Wood (ed. Yule)—Kābul 199; Running-sands 201, 215; Hindu-kush passes (Yule's Introduction) 204; dun sheep 224; Nagarahāra regions App. E, xxiii.

Journeys in Biluchistan, Afghanistan and the Panj-ab, E. Masson—(see nn. on pp. named), Kābul 199, 200, 201, (fruits) 203-4; Shibr 215; Panjhīr 205; Nīl-āb (in Ghūr-bund) 216; Adīnapūr 207; Chaghatāī castles 208; a meaning of "Lām" 210; Running-sands 215; Judas-tree 216; —places 405, 412-17-45, 647; routes 231, 417; sign of submission 232; Nagarahāra App. E, xvii; "Babur Padshah's stone-heap" (cairn) 416; Preface p. xxxviii.

Journey to India overland, A. Conolly—Kābul 199; rawāj (rhubarb) 203.

Kabul see "Cabool" and "Caubul".

"Kāfir"—uses of the word 481-3; 518, 577.

Kafirs of the Hindu-kush, Robertson—their wines 212.

Kaiser Akbar, Count F. v. Noer (trs. A. S. Beveridge)—finance reform 282.

Kehr, Dr. G. J. [scribe of the Pet. F. O. School Codex of the "Bukhārā Bābur-nāma"] see Wāqi`-nāma-i-pādshāhī.

The Khamsatīn (Two Quintets)—a reader of 15; imitated 288.

Khazīnatu'l-asfiyā [Treasury of Saints], Ghulām-i-sarwār—Khwājakī Khw. 67; Mīr Sayyid `Alī Ḥamadānī's grave 211; Pīr Kānū 238; Jālalu'd-dīn Pūrānī 306; Sharafu'd-dīn Munīrī 666.

Khuṯba—read disloyally 52, 328; Bābur's compact 354-6; read in Dihli for him 476.

The (Koh-i-nūr) diamond 477, 702.

Klaproth Jules—Preface xxxix, xlvii; [see Archiv and Mémoires relatifs etc.].

Kulliyatu'r-rāmī (Cyclopædia of Archery), Muḥ. Budhā'ī—nāwak 142; gosha-gīr App. C, viii; (cf. Oriental Cross-bows, H.B. AQR. 1911).

+Noticeable words:+—khachar 74, 249; khāk-bīla (leap-frog) 26; Khān-dāda; kīsāk (old person) 66; kīm (yeast) 423; kīyīk 6, 8, 10, 224, 491; khimār = cymar (scarf) 561; kūīlāk syn. kūnglāk (pullover vest, jersey) 171-5; kūkbūrā see aūghlāqchī; kūr-khāna; Qarshī = Ar. qaṣr 84; kūrūsh, looking in the eyes, interviewing i.a. 54, 64, 640 (cf. qūchūsh, embracing); kusarū[?] 369; kūshlūq 250.

La Grande inscription de Qandahar, J. Darmesteter (JAS. 1890), App. J, xxxiii-iv.

Lahor to Yaṛkand, Hume and Henderson—yāk App. M, xlvii.

Laidlaw (JASB 1848)—nasal utterance App. E.

Lane's Lexicon see Dictionaries.

Langlés art. Babour Preface xiv.

Law (Muḥammad's)—on blood-vengeance 194, 251-8; Shaibānī's disregard of 329; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā's regard for 258; Bābur's orthodox observance shown e.g. 25, 44, 111, 262, 370-7, 483, 547-51-74-89-96, and in the Mubīn and Wālidiyyaḥ-risāla q.v.; his orthodox reputation (epitaph) 711; his observance as to intoxicants 302, beyond his 23rd year 299, 302-3-4; his return to obedience (933) in 44th year 551-5; referred to 203 (verse) 645-7-8; his breaches of Law:—against types of verse 447, repented 448; against wine, see s.n. Wine.

Les Mosquées de Samarcande, Pet. Archeol. S.—74-8-7.

Les six voyages en Turquie, en Perse, et aux Indes, Jean Baptiste le Tavernier—the coin casbeke, kipkī 296.

Letters of Lady Mary W. Montagne—lovers' marks 16.

Letters—Nawā'ī's imitation of Jāmī's collection 271; Bābur keeps a letter of 910 to 935 AH. 190; his royal-letters (farmān) 463-4, 526, 617 (with autograph marginal couplet), others (khaṯṯ) 331-2; to Khw. Kalān 411 (with autograph couplet), 603 n. 3, 627, and (reproduced) 645; to Humāyūn (reproduced) 624; to Kāmrān 645-6, Preface xxxv, xliii; to Māhīm 374, 541; Letters-of-victory:—Kābul 319, Bajaur 371, Ḥiṣar-fīrūza 466, Kānwa 559-74, 580.

Levirate marriage 23, 267.

Levy on stipendiaries 617.

Lexicon Persico-Latinum, I. A. Vullers see Dictionaries.

Leyden John—tentative trs. of the Bukhara Compilation, Preface xlvii-viii-ix, lviii.

Life and Letters of Ogier G. de Busbecq [trs. Forster & Daniel]—explains "Sulṯanīm" 29.

L'Inde des Rajas, L. Rousselet—Gūālīār 605.

Linguistic Survey of India, Sir G. A. Grierson—forms of "nine" App. E, xviii.

Loess 3, 30, App. A, ii.

Looting of assigned individuals 328.

Lord [JASB 1838]—Ghūrbund 205; Running-sands 215.

"Lords of the Elephant" 563-73.

Lordship in the Gate see Gate.

Lotophagi, a fruit they ate 210; quoted 42.

Lover's-marks 16, Add. Note, P. 16.

Lubbut't-tawārīkh, Yaḥya Kazwīnī—an early (brief) source 349; dates the battle of Ghaj-dāvān 361.

+Noticeable words+:— lām (fort) 210; likh, lūja, lūkha (a bird) 498, App. N, xlvii.

Ma`āṣir-i-raḥīmī (a Life of `Abdu'r-raḥīm Mirza q.v.), `Abdu'l-bāqī Nahavandī—Bābur's wife Ṣalḥa 713.

Ma`āsiru'l-`umrā, Shāh-navāz-Khān—Mu'az̤z̤am-nagar = Dīn-kot 206.

McGregor, Col. H. G.—meaning of "ningrahar" and "nungnihar" = 9 streams, App. E, xix.

Magic—rain making with the jade-stone (yada-tāsh) 27, 67, 654; the stone used to ensure victory 623; Bābur's talisman to stop rain 423.

Majālis-i-nafā'is, `Alī-sher Nawā'ī—mentions `Abdu'l-lāh Barlās 51.

Making of a Frontier, A. G. A. Durand—Greek descent 22.

Malfūzāt-i-tīmūrī (Tīmūr's Turki Annals)—not discredited by no-mention in the mutilated B.N. 653; Yūnas Khān and the book Preface xxix; an incentive to Bābur xxx, perhaps also at xxxii; their acceptance in a Persian translation by Shāh-jahān xlvi.

Mammals of India, T. E. Jerdon—hog-deer 491.

Manners and customs of the modern Egyptians, E. W. Lane—drinkables 298.

Manual of Gardening, Firminger—cherries 203; kamrak fruit 506; an orange 511; sadā-fal 512.

Manufactures of Samarkand, cramoisy and paper 81, 305.

Marmion (Scott's Notes to), wild geese checked in flight 214.

Marriage, compelled 386; levirate 23, 267; legitimate 269; illegal 329.

The Maṣnawī of Jalālu'd-dīn Rūmī (trs. E. H. Whinfield)—read by `Umar Shaikh 15, Preface xxx.

Materials for the History of India, Nassau Lees—amongst the sources for filling out Bābur-nāma gaps 428.

Maṯla`u's-sa`dain, `Abdu'r-razzāq (N. et Ex. xiv)—Timurid suzerainty acknowledged in Dihli [in 814-1411] 459.

Meal-hours—big breakfast 389; nooning 614-861.

Measures—+Linear+:—aīlīk (finger-breadth) 489, 630; arghamchī (rope) 614; arrow's-flight (i.a. bow-shot), i.a. 8, 640; from gate-ward to Gate 316; gaz 611 n. 3; kuroh i.a. 76; qadam (step, pace) 75, 630, (of a horse) 666; qārī 7, 208-9, 489, 550, 611-29-30-31; qārīsh (inch) 489; qūlāch 406-93; shar`ī 76, 200; spear's length 196, 377, 474; tanāb (rope) 630; tūtām (hand-breadth) 630; yīghāch (Prs. trs. farsang) 4, 7, 9, 10, 25, 55, 76, 82-3-4, 99, 138, 208-17-18, 323, App. A, v. n. 1; —+Time+:—Hindūstān divisions of the year 515 to 517; boiling of milk 175, 237; —+Weight+:—bātmān 263, 276; mān 699; miṣqāl 421-77, 632; ratī 477 n. 6, 517; tāsh (stone, silver & gold) 632; Kābul sīr (ser) 632, 546; Table of weights of Hind 517-8; tūla 517-41; —ass-load (kharwar) 228, 338-9, 374; —+Numeration+ (Indian) 518; —+Capacity+:—x mills water-power i.a. 208, 216, 462-5, 581; (coins by the) quiverful 632.

Medical and surgical remedies:—dried plums (prunes) 82; water dropped from cotton 89; trepanning 106-9; seton, bandage (yīldīz) 169; powder for bone-growing 169; water-melon and narcissus 246, 399, 401; rose-water (jūl-āb) 400; antidotes to poison 511, 543; tonic powders 606; opium 608, 661; quicksilver 618; pepper-steaming 657, 660.

Mediæval geography and history of Central and Western Asia, E. Bretschneider—Ālmālīgh and other old towns 2; Sīmīz-kīnt [Fat-village], a name of Samarkand 75; Nūyān explained 131.

Mémoires relatifs à l'Asie (ii, 134), J. Klaproth—its valuable extracts from the Bukhara Compilation, Preface, Cap. III,