Part 10

Family Hirundinidae--swallows

Hirundo rustica gutteralis Scopoli* Eastern Barn Swallow 239

Family Campephagidae--cuckoo-shrikes

Edolisoma tenuirostre monachum (Hartlaub and Finsch) Cicada Bird 239 Edolisoma tenuirostre nesiotis (Hartlaub and Finsch) Cicada Bird 241 Edolisoma tenuirostre insperatum (Finch) Cicada Bird 242

Family Dicruridae--drongos

Dicrurus macrocercus harterti S. Baker[+] Black Drongo 244

Family Corvidae--crows, magpies, and jays

Corvus kubaryi Reichenow Marianas Crow 244

Family Turdidae--thrushes

Luscinia calliope calliope (Pallas)* Siberian Rubythroat 248 Monticola solitaria philippensis (Müller)* Chinese Blue Rock Thrush 248 Turdus obscurus obscurus Gmelin* Dusky Thrush 248

Family Sylviidae--Old World warblers

Psamathia annae Hartlaub and Finsch Palau Bush-warbler 249 Acrocephalus luscinia luscinia (Quoy and Gaimard) Nightingale Reed-warbler 251 Acrocephalus luscinia syrinx (Kittlitz) Nightingale Reed-warbler 254 Acrocephalus luscinia yamashinae (Takatsukasa) Nightingale Reed-warbler 256 Acrocephalus luscinia nijoi (Yamashina) Nightingale Reed-warbler 257

Family Muscicapidae--Old World flycatchers

Rhipidura rufifrons uraniae Oustalet Rufous-fronted Fantail 261 Rhipidura rufifrons saipanensis Hartert Rufous-fronted Fantail 262 Rhipidura rufifrons mariae R. H. Baker Rufous-fronted Fantail 263 Rhipidura rufifrons versicolor Hartlaub and Finsch Rufous-fronted Fantail 264 Rhipidura rufifrons kubaryi Finsch Rufous-fronted Fantail 265 Rhipidura lepida Hartlaub and Finsch Palau Fantail 266 Metabolus rugensis (Hombron and Jacquinot) Truk Monarch 269 Monarcha godeffroyi Hartlaub Yap Monarch 272 Monarcha takatsukasae (Yamashina) Tinian Monarch 274 Myiagra oceanica erythrops Hartlaub and Finch Micronesian Broadbill 275 Myiagra oceanica freycineti Oustalet Micronesian Broadbill 277 Myiagra oceanica oceanica Pucheran Micronesian Broadbill 279 Myiagra oceanica pluto Finsch Micronesian Broadbill 280 Muscicapa narcissina narcissina Temminck* Narcissus Flycatcher 282 Muscicapa griseisticta (Swinhoe)* Chinese Gray-spotted Flycatcher 282 Colluricincla tenebrosa (Hartlaub and Finsch) Palau Morning Bird 282

Family Artamidae--wood-swallows

Artamus leucorhynchus pelewensis Finsch White-breasted Wood-swallow 284

Family Sturnidae--starlings

Aplonis opacus opacus (Kittlitz) Micronesian Starling 286 Aplonis opacus ponapensis Takatsukasa and Yamashina Micronesian Starling 288 Aplonis opacus angus Momiyama Micronesian Starling 289 Aplonis opacus kurodai Momiyama Micronesian Starling 291 Aplonis opacus orii (Takatsukasa and Yamashina) Micronesian Starling 292 Aplonis opacus guami Momiyama Micronesian Starling 293 Aplonis opacus aeneus (Takatsukasa and Yamashina) Micronesian Starling 297 Aplonis pelzelni Finsch Ponapé Mountain Starling 299 Aplonis corvinus (Kittlitz) Kusaie Mountain Starling 301 Sturnus philippensis (Forster)* Violet-backed Starling 302 Sturnus cineraceus Temminck* Ashy Starling 302

Family Meliphagidae--honey-eaters

Cleptornis marchei (Oustalet) Golden Honey-eater 302 Myzomela cardinalis rubratra (Lesson) Cardinal Honey-eater 304 Myzomela cardinalis dichromata Wetmore Cardinal Honey-eater 307 Myzomela cardinalis major Bonaparte Cardinal Honey-eater 307 Myzomela cardinalis saffordi Wetmore Cardinal Honey-eater 309 Myzomela cardinalis kurodai Momiyama Cardinal Honey-eater 312 Myzomela cardinalis kobayashii Momiyama Cardinal Honey-eater 313

Family Zosteropidae--white-eyes

Zosterops conspicillata conspicillata (Kittlitz) Bridled White-eye 316 Zosterops conspicillata saypani Dubois Bridled White-eye 318 Zosterops conspicillata rotensis Takatsukasa and Yamashina Bridled White-eye 319 Zosterops conspicillata semperi Hartlaub Bridled White-eye 320 Zosterops conspicillata owstoni Hartert Bridled White-eye 321 Zosterops conspicillata takatsukasai Momiyama Bridled White-eye 322 Zosterops conspicillata hypolais Hartlaub and Finsch Bridled White-eye 323 Zosterops cinerea cinerea (Kittlitz) Micron. Dusky White-eye 326 Zosterops cinerea ponapensis Finsch Micron. Dusky White-eye 327 Zosterops cinerea finschii (Hartlaub) Micron. Dusky White-eye 328 Rukia palauensis (Reichenow) Palau Greater White-eye 330 Rukia oleaginea (Hartlaub and Finsch) Yap Greater White-eye 331 Rukia ruki (Hartert) Truk Greater White-eye 332 Rukia sanfordi (Mayr) Ponapé Greater White-eye 333

Family Ploceidae--weaver-finches

Erythrura trichroa trichroa (Kittlitz) Blue-faced Parrot-finch 336 Erythrura trichroa clara Takatsukasa and Yamashina Blue-faced Parrot-finch 337 Erythrura trichroa pelewensis Kuroda Blue-faced Parrot-finch 338 Lonchura nigerrima minor (Yamashina) Black-faced Weaver-finch 339 Lonchura punctulata cabanisi (Sharpe)[+] Phil. Nutmeg Mannikin 340

DISCUSSION OF THE BIRDS OF MICRONESIA

Of the 206 kinds of birds found in Micronesia, 30 kinds are classed as sea birds, 29 kinds as migratory shore birds, and 147 kinds are classed as land and fresh-water birds. For purposes of discussion these birds are arranged in these three categories, following the system used by Mayr (1945a).

OCEANIC BIRDS

Oceanic birds found in Micronesia belong to the following families: Diomedeidae, Procellariidae, Phaëthontidae, Pelecanidae, Fregatidae, and Laridae. Following Wynne-Edwards (1935:240) and Murphy (1936:326), these birds may be grouped as inshore birds (Laridae and others), offshore birds (Pelecanidae, Fregatidae and others), and pelagic birds (Diomedeidae, Procellariidae, Phaëthontidae). As shown in table 2 there are 30 kinds of oceanic birds in Micronesia, 18 kinds that are resident and 12 kinds that are regarded as visitors to the area. Records of nestings are few; field work in the future probably will yield evidence that more kinds of oceanic birds are actually resident in the Micronesian islands.