Part 1

Transcriber’s Notes:

Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (italics).

Additional Transcriber’s Notes are at the end.

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THE Anatomy of REVOLUTION

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BOOKS BY CRANE BRINTON

THE ANATOMY OF REVOLUTION THE LIVES OF TALLEYRAND

THE Anatomy of REVOLUTION

BY CRANE BRINTON ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF HISTORY, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

W. W. NORTON & COMPANY, INC. Publishers · New York

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Copyright, 1938, by W. W. NORTON & COMPANY, INC. 70 Fifth Avenue, New York

First Edition

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

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TO ALDEN AND HELEN HOAG, WHO LISTENED TO IT ALL

CONTENTS

FOREWORD 9

Chapter I. THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF REVOLUTIONS 11

I. THE NECESSITY FOR A SCIENTIFIC APPROACH, 11. II. THE BARE ELEMENTS OF SCIENTIFIC METHODS, 16. III. THE APPLICATION OF SCIENTIFIC METHODS TO THIS STUDY, 21. IV. LIMITATIONS OF THE SUBJECT, 31.

Chapter II. THE OLD REGIMES 38

I. THE DIAGNOSIS OF PRELIMINARY SIGNS, 38. II. STRUCTURAL WEAKNESSES, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL, 39. III. THE DESERTION OF THE INTELLECTUALS, 52. IV. CLASSES AND CLASS ANTAGONISMS, 63. V. SUMMARY, 79.

Chapter III. FIRST STAGES OF REVOLUTION 82

I. THE ETERNAL FIGARO, 82. II. THE EVENTS OF THE FIRST STAGES, 85. III. SPONTANEITY OR PLANNING? 94. IV. THE ROLE OF FORCE, 105. V. THE HONEYMOON, 111.

Chapter IV. TYPES OF REVOLUTIONISTS 113

I. THE CLICHÉS, 113. II. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL POSITION: RANK AND FILE, 117. III. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL POSITION: LEADERS, 123. IV. CHARACTER AND DISPOSITION, 129. V. SUMMARY, 145.

Chapter V. THE RULE OF THE MODERATES 148