CHAPTER XVII.

NEBULÆ AND CLUSTERS OF STARS 324

NOTES AND ADDITIONS 347

INDEX 353

ILLUSTRATIONS.

PLATE I. Interior of Mr. Klein’s Observatory Frontispiece

II. View of Mr. Klein’s Grounds and Observatory To face p. 82

FIG. PAGE

1. The Galilean Telescope 7

2. Royal Observatory, Greenwich, in Flamsteed’s time 8

3. Sir Isaac Newton 10

4. Gregorian Telescope 10

5. Cassegrainian Telescope 11

6. Newtonian Telescope 11

7. Common Refracting-Telescope 12

8. Le Mairean or Herschelian Telescope 13

9. 10-inch Reflecting-Telescope on a German Equatoreal, by Calver 17

10. Lord Rosse’s 6-foot Reflecting-Telescope 22

11. Refracting-Telescope, by Browning 32

12. “The Popular Reflector,” by Calver 40

13. 3-inch Refracting-Telescope, by Newton & Co. 41

14. Huygens’s Negative Eyepiece 46

15. Ramsden’s Positive Eyepiece 47

16. Berthon’s Dynamometer 50

17. Cooke and Sons’ Educational Telescope 52

18. Refracting-Telescope on a German Equatoreal 67

19. The Author’s Telescope: a 10-inch With-Browning Reflector 77

20. Sun-spot of June 19, 1889 95

21. Solar Eclipses visible in England, 1891 to 1922 98

22. Total Solar Eclipse of August 19, 1887 98

23. Belts of Sun-spots, visible Oct. 29, 1868 104

24. Shadows cast by Faculæ 109

25. Light-spots and streaks on Plato, 1879-82. (A. Stanley Williams.) 126

26. Petavius and Wrottesley at Sunset. (T. Gwyn Elger.) 129

27. Birt, Birt A, and the Straight Wall. (T. Gwyn Elger.) 130

28. Aristarchus and Herodotus at Sunrise. (T. Gwyn Elger.) 132

29. Mercury as a Morning Star 143

30. Venus as an Evening Star 150

31. Mars, 1886, April 13, 9^h 50^m 157

32. Orbits of the Satellites of Mars 159

33. Jupiter, as drawn by Dawes and others 178

34. Jupiter, 1886, April 9, 10^h 12^m 180

35. Occultation of Jupiter, Aug. 7, 1889 186

36. Jupiter and Satellites seen in a small glass 187

37. Shadows of Jupiter’s Satellites II. and III. 192

38. Saturn as observed by Cassini in August 1676 198

39. Saturn, 1885, Dec. 23, 7^h 54^m 201

40. Saturn as observed by F. Terby, February 1887 203

41. Apparent orbits of the Five Inner Satellites of Saturn 212

42. Transit of the Shadow of Titan 213

43. Uranus and his belts 218

44. Apparent orbits of the Satellites of Uranus 221

45. Apparent orbit of the Satellite of Neptune 224

46. Mars, Saturn, and Regulus in same field, Sept. 20, 1889 226

47. Comet 1862 III. (Aug. 19, 1862) 237

48. Sawerthal’s Comet, 1888 I. (March 25, Brooks) 237

49. Brooks’s Double Comet, Sept. 17, 1889 239

50. Pons’s Comet (1812). Telescopic view, 1884, Jan. 6 242

51. Ditto. Ditto, 1884, Jan. 21 242

52. Radiation of Meteors. (Shower of early Perseids, 1878) 263

53. Double Meteor. Curved Meteor. Fireball 265

54. Meteorite found in Chili in 1866 265

55. Meteorite which fell at Orgueil in 1864 265

56. Fireball of Nov. 23, 1877, 8^h 24^m (J. Plant.) 269

57. Flight of Telescopic Meteors seen by W. R. Brooks 272

58. Meteor of Dec. 28, 1888, 6^h 17^m 277

59. Large Meteor and streak seen at Jask 278

60. The Constellation Orion 289

61. Diagram illustrating the Measurement of Angles of Position 291

62. Double Stars 301

63. Trapezium in Orion as seen with the 36-inch refractor 319

64. Nebulæ and a Star-cluster 336

65. Nebula within a semicircle of stars 342

TELESCOPIC WORK

FOR

STARLIGHT EVENINGS.