Part 82

Cp. K. Sudhoff in Ein Beitrag zur Gesch. der Anatomie im Mittelalter, Leipzig, 1908.

E. Wickersheimer, ‘L’Anatomie de Guido de Vigevano, médecin de la reine Jeanne de Bourgogne (1345)’, in Archiv für Geschichte der Med., vii. 1, Leipzig, 1914. M. Wickersheimer has kindly given permission for the reproduction of the figures in Plates XXXI and XXXII.

Notably the MS. Roncioni 99, dating from the first half of the twelfth century, in the University Library of Pisa, reproduced by K. Sudhoff in the Archiv für Gesch. der Med., vii, Tafel xiv, 1914. Also separate organs are depicted in the Bodleian MS. Ashmole 399, dating from the end of the thirteenth century, reproduced in Fig. 6.

The miniatures of the Dresden Codex have been studied by L. Choulant, Geschichte und Bibliographie der anatomischen Abbildung nach ihrer Beziehung auf anatomische Wissenschaft und bildende Kunst, Leipzig, 1852, and in the Archiv für die zeichnenden Künste, II. Jahrgang, Leipzig, 1856, p. 264. More recently the MS. has been most carefully described and its miniatures reproduced by E. C. van Leersum and W. Martin, Miniaturen der lateinischen Galenos-Handschrift der kgl. öffentl. Bibliothek in Dresden, in phototypischer Reproduktion, Leyden, 1910. We have to thank Dr. Van Leersum of Leyden for kind permission to reproduce the figures of Plate XXXIV.

Cp. P. Triaire, Les leçons d’anatomie et les peintres hollandais aux XVI^{e} et XVII^{e} siècles, Paris, 1887.

For della Torre and his projected work on anatomy, see G. Cervetto, Di alcuni illustri anatomici italiani del decimoquinto secolo, p. 46, Verona, 1842; also L. Choulant, Geschichte der anatomischen Abbildung, p. 5, Leipzig, 1852.

The first edition appeared in Venice in 1491 and is in Latin. It is of less typographical interest.

K. Sudhoff, ‘Eine Pariser “Ketham” Handschrift aus der Zeit König Karls VI (1380-1422)’, in Archiv für Geschichte der Medizin, vol. ii, p. 84, Leipzig, 1909; ‘Neue Beiträge zur Vorgeschichte des Ketham’, in Archiv für Geschichte der Medizin, vol. v, p. 280, Leipzig, 1912.

Prince d’Essling, Les livres à figures vénitiens de la fin du XV^{e} siècle et du commencement du XVI^{e}, part i, vol. ii, p. 56, Florence and Paris, 1908.

Eugène Piot, Le Cabinet de l’amateur, nouv. série, Paris, 1861, ‘Le maître aux dauphins’, p. 354 et seq. The dolphins are seen on either side of the chair in Plate XXVII.

Duc de Rivoli, Bibliographie des livres à figures vénétiens, p. 110, Paris, 1893.

Cp. G. Albertotti, Nuove osservazioni sul ‘Fasciculus medicinae’ del Ketham, Padua, 1910.

See K. Sudhoff, ‘Weibliche Situsbilder von ca. 1400-1543’, in Tradition und Naturbeobachtung, p. 79, Leipzig, 1907. The number and character of the indication lines attached to this figure suggest that the block from which the impression has been taken had previously been used for some other publication. This work, however, if it exists, has not yet come to light.

Michele Medici, Della vita e degli scritti degli anatomici e medici fioriti in Bologna dal comincio del secolo XIII, Bologna, 1853; Compendio storico della scuola anatomica di Bologna dal Rinascimento delle Scienze e delle Lettere a tutto il Secolo XVIII, Bologna, 1857.

The mediaeval term, ‘vena chilis’, lasted in anatomy until the end of the sixteenth century and probably later. ‘Chilis’ is a corruption of the Greek κοίλη. This hybrid name was abandoned by Vesalius (Fabrica, 1543 Basle edition, p. 376) in favour of the title ‘vena cava’.

The passage is translated from Michele Medici, Compendio storico, pp. 10-11.

See A. Laboulbène, ‘Les anatomistes anciens’, in Revue scientifique pour la France et pour l’Étranger, vol. xxxviii, p. 641, Paris, 1886; Robert Ritter von Töply in Puschmann, Pagel, and Neuburger, Handbuch der Geschichte der Medizin, vol. ii, p. 197, Jena, 1903; G. Martinotti, ‘L’insegnamento dell’ Anatomia in Bologna prima del secolo xix’, in Studi e Memorie per la storia dell’ università di Bologna, vol. ii, p. 51, Bologna, 1911.

An intermediate anatomist was Gulielmo Varignana, who was professor of Medicine in Bologna, and is recorded as having opened for judicial purposes, on February 15, 1302, the corpse of one alleged to have been poisoned. See Michele Medici, op. cit. The investigation is referred to above.

Dr. Craigie in his excellent account of the History of Anatomy, in the ninth and subsequent editions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica.

‘Mundinus quem omnis studentium universitas colit ut deum’, J. Adelphus in his edition of Mondino, Strassburg, 1513.

Editio princeps, Lyons, 1478.

Pietro de Argellata, Cirurgia, ‘Incipit liber primus cirurgie magistri Petri de la Cerlata’ (!), Venice, 1492. Quotation from lib. v, tract. 12, chap. 3. An earlier edition which we have not seen was printed in Venice in 1480.

The ‘pomegranate’ sometimes also means the xiphisternum. It is not clear which is implied here.

Giovanni da Concoreggio, Lucidarium et Flos Medicinae, Giunta, Florence, 1521. It contains a few scattered anatomical points.

De Zerbis, Liber Anatomiae corporis humani et singulorum membrorum illius, Venice, 1502.

Reprinted in the Anatomia of Johannes Dryander, Marburg, 1537.

Alessandro Achillini, Annotationes anatomiae, Bologna, 1520. This work is also included in the 1502 edition of De Zerbis’ Liber Anatomiae.

Carpi commentaria cum amplissimis additionibus super anatomia mundini una cum textu eiusdem in pristinum et verum nitorem redacto, Bologna, 1521. An earlier and less important edition of Carpi was the Anathomia Mundini noviter impressa ac per Carpum castigata that appeared at Bologna in 1514.