Part 2

18. 〃 Gravity and Gravitation 25

19. 〃 The cause of Weight: Attraction: Force 27

20. 〃 The Weight of Water is Proportioned to its Bulk 28

21. 〃 The Measuring of Weights. The Balance 29

22. 〃 The Weight of the same Bulk or Volume of Water is Constant under the same conditions. Mass. Density 30

23. 〃 Equal Volumes of Different Things under the same circumstances, have Different Weights: the Density of Different Bodies is Different 32

24. 〃 The Meaning of Heavy and Light—Specific Gravity 33

25. 〃 Things of greater Specific Gravity than Water sink in Water; Things of less Specific Gravity float 34

26. 〃 A Body which Floats in Water always occupies as much Space beneath the level of the Surface of the Water as is equal to the Volume of Water which weighs as much as that Body; in other words, it displaces its own Weight of Water 36

27. 〃 Water Presses in all Directions 37

28. 〃 The Transference of Motion by Moving Water: the Momentum of Moving Water 40

29. 〃 The Energy of Moving Water 43

30. 〃 The Properties of Water are Constant 47

31. 〃 Increase of Heat at first causes Water to Increase in Volume 48

32. 〃 Increase of Heat at length causes Water to become Steam 50

33. 〃 The taking away of Heat from Steam causes the Steam to change into Hot Water 51

34. 〃 When Water is changed into Steam, its Volume becomes about 1,700 times greater than it was at first 51

35. 〃 Gases or Elastic Fluids. Air 52

36. 〃 Steam is an Elastic Fluid or Gas 54

37. 〃 Gases and Vapours 55

38. 〃 The Evaporation of Water at ordinary Temperatures 56

39. 〃 When Hot Water is cooled, it Contracts to begin with, but after a time Expands 57

40. 〃 Water cooled still further becomes the transparent brittle solid Ice 58

41. 〃 Ice has less Specific Gravity than the Water from which it was formed 59

42. 〃 Hoar Frost is the Gaseous Water which exists in the Atmosphere, condensed and converted into Ice Crystals 60

43. 〃 When Ice is warmed it begins to change back into Water as soon as the Temperature reaches 32° 61

44. 〃 Ice the solid, Water the liquid, and Steam the gas, are three states of one natural object; the Condition of each State being a certain Amount of Heat 62

45. 〃 The Phenomena of Heat are the Effects of a rapid Motion of the Particles of Matter 63