Part 11

Western yarrow—Achillea lanulosa White fir—Abies concolor White tackstem—Calycoseris wrightii Wild carrot—Daucus pusillus Wild-cucumber—Marah gilensis Wild-heliotrope—Heliotropium curassavicum Willow—Salix sp. Wolfberry—Lycium sp. Wolftail—Lycurus phleoides

Yellow paloverde—Cercidium microphyllum

Reptiles and Amphibians of the monument.

This checklist names reptiles and amphibians that have been seen, or that should occur, according to range maps and distribution records in important reference works, in the monument. Four of these species are found only in the Tucson Mountain Section; they are: desert iguana, desert horned lizard, western shovel-nosed snake, and sidewinder. An asterisk marks those species most commonly seen in the daytime.

The desert (D) habitat is the rather flat or gently rolling terrain below 3,200 feet in elevation, as seen in the vicinity of the visitor center and the Cactus Forest Drive, and in the north and west portions of the Tucson Mountain Section.

The foothills (F) habitat includes the area above 3,200 feet where the land becomes quite rocky and begins to ascend rather sharply on the Cactus Forest Drive and along Hohokam Road in the Tucson Mountain Section.

The mountain (M) habitat is restricted to the Rincon Mountains above an elevation of 6,500 feet where one finds tall trees.

common name scientific name habitat AMPHIBIANS toads and frogs Colorado River Toad Bufo alvarius D F Great Plains Toad Bufo cognatus D Red-spotted Toad Bufo punctatus D F Woodhouse’s Toad Bufo woodhousei D F M Couch’s Spadefoot Scaphiopus couchi D F Western Spadefoot Scaphiopus hammondi D F M Canyon Treefrog Hyla arenicolor F M Leopard Frog Rana pipiens D F M REPTILES turtles *Desert Tortoise Gopherus agassizi D F Western Box Turtle Terrapene ornata D F Sonora Mud Turtle Kinosternon sonoriense D F M Spiny Softshell Trionyx ferox D lizards Banded Gecko Coleonyx variegatus D F Desert Iguana Dipsosaurus dorsalis D Lesser Earless Lizard Holbrookia maculata D F Greater Earless Lizard Holbrookia texana D F *Zebra-tailed Lizard Callisaurus draconoides D F *Collared Lizard Crotaphytus collaris D F Leopard Lizard Crotaphytus wislizenii D F Short-horned Lizard Phrynosoma douglassi F M Desert Horned Lizard Phrynosoma platyrhinos D *Regal Horned Lizard Phrynosoma solare D F *Side-blotched Lizard Uta stansburiana D F *Tree Lizard Uta ornata D F M *Desert Spiny Lizard Sceloporus magister D F Clark’s Spiny Lizard Sceloporus clarki D F M Eastern Fence Lizard Sceloporus undulatus F M *Western Whiptail Cnemidophorus tigris D F Spotted Whiptail Cnemidophorus sacki D F Arizona Alligator Lizard Gerrhonotus kingi M *Great Plains Skink Eumeces obsoletus D F *Gila Monster Heloderma suspectum D F snakes Western Blind Snake Leptotyphlops humilis D F Arizona Coral Snake Micruroides euryxanthus D F M Regal Ringnecked Snake Diadophis regalis F M Western Hognose Snake Heterodon nasicus D F Spotted Leaf-nosed Snake Phyllorhynchus D F decurtatus Saddled Leaf-nosed Snake Phyllorhynchus browni D F Coachwhip Masticophis flagellum D F Sonora Whipsnake Masticophis bilineatus D F M Western Patch-nosed Snake Salvadora hexalepis D F Mountain Patch-nosed Snake Salvadora grahamiae M Glossy Snake Arizona elegans D F Gopher Snake Pituophis catenifer D F M Compton Kingsnake Lampropeltis getulus D F Sonora Mountain Kingsnake Lampropeltis pyromelana M Long-nosed Snake Rhinocheilus lecontei D F Black-necked Garter Snake Thamnophis cyrtopsis F M Mexican Garter Snake Thamnophis eques D Checkered Garter Snake Thamnophis marcianus D F Western Ground Snake Sonora semiannulata D F Western Shovel-nosed Snake Chionactis occipitalis D Banded Sand Snake Chilomeniscus cinctus D F Mexican Black-headed Snake Tantilla atriceps D F Plains Black-headed Snake Tantilla nigriceps D F Sonora Lyre Snake Trimorphodon lambda D F Night Snake Hypsiglena torquata D F M Western Diamondback Crotalus atrox D F Rattlesnake Sidewinder Crotalus cerastes D Black-tailed Rattlesnake Crotalus molossus F M Tiger Rattlesnake Crotalus tigris F Mohave Rattlesnake Crotalus scutulatus D F Arizona Black Rattlesnake Crotalus viridis F M cerberus

Birds of the monument

This checklist is based entirely on written records of observations of birds seen in the monument. Names are in accordance with A.O.U. Checklist of North American Birds, 5th edition, 1957. (See checklist of reptiles and amphibians for description of habitats.)

key to symbols: D desert habitat F foothill habitat M mountain habitat * species most often seen at lower elevations s summer resident w winter visitor p permanent resident t transient visitor

occurrence common name D t White-faced Ibis D F M s Turkey Vulture D p Black Vulture D w Sharp-shinned Hawk D F M p Cooper’s Hawk D F M p *Red-tailed Hawk D F s Swainson’s Hawk F M s Zone-tailed Hawk M t Ferruginous Hawk D F s Harris’ Hawk D s Black Hawk F M p Golden Eagle D w Marsh Hawk D t Osprey F M p Prairie Falcon M p Peregrine Falcon D F p *Sparrow Hawk F p Scaled Quail D p *Gambel’s Quail F M p Harlequin Quail M p Turkey D p Killdeer D F M t Spotted Sandpiper D t California Gull F M s Band-tailed Pigeon D p Rock Dove D F s *White-winged Dove D p *Mourning Dove D p Ground Dove D p Inca Dove D F p Roadrunner D F M p Screech Owl M p Whiskered Owl M p Flammulated Owl D F M p Great Horned Owl D s Elf Owl M p Spotted Owl M s Whip-poor-will D F p Poor-will D F s Lesser Nighthawk D t Vaux’s Swift D F M s White-throated Swift D F M s Black-chinned Hummingbird D F s Costa’s Hummingbird D w Anna’s Hummingbird M s Broad-tailed Hummingbird M s Rufous Hummingbird M s Rivoli’s Hummingbird M s Blue-throated Hummingbird D F t Broad-billed Hummingbird M p Red-shafted Flicker D F p *Gilded Flicker D p *Gila Woodpecker F M p Acorn Woodpecker D F w Yellow-bellied Sapsucker F M t Williamson’s Sapsucker M p Hairy Woodpecker D F p Ladder-backed Woodpecker F M p Arizona Woodpecker D s Western Kingbird D F s Cassin’s Kingbird D F s Wied’s Crested Flycatcher D s *Ash-throated Flycatcher M s Olivaceous Flycatcher D p Black Phoebe D p *Say’s Phoebe M s Western Flycatcher M s Buff-breasted Flycatcher M s Coues’ Flycatcher M s Western Wood Pewee D F M t Olive-sided Flycatcher D s Vermilion Flycatcher M s Violet-green Swallow D t Barn Swallow D t Cliff Swallow D s *Purple Martin M p Steller’s Jay F M p Scrub Jay F M p Mexican Jay M p Common Raven D F M p White-necked Raven M t Clark’s Nutcracker M p Mountain Chickadee F M p Bridled Titmouse D p *Verdin M p Common Bushtit M p White-breasted Nuthatch F t Red-breasted Nuthatch M p Pigmy Nuthatch M p Brown Creeper M p House Wren F M p Bewick’s Wren D p *Cactus Wren D F M p Canyon Wren D F M p Rock Wren D p Mockingbird D t Bendire’s Thrasher D p *Curve-billed Thrasher D F p Crissal Thrasher M p Robin F M p Hermit Thrush F M p Western Bluebird D F M w Mountain Bluebird F w Townsend’s Solitaire F M p Blue-gray Gnatcatcher D p Black-tailed Gnatcatcher D w *Ruby-crowned Kinglet D F p *Phainopepla D F p *Loggerhead Shrike D p Starling M s Hutton’s Vireo D s Bell’s Vireo M s Solitary Vireo M s Warbling Vireo M t Orange-crowned Warbler M t Nashville Warbler M s Virginia’s Warbler D s Lucy’s Warbler M s Olive Warbler D t Yellow Warbler M s *Audubon’s Warbler M s Black-throated Gray Warbler F M t Townsend’s Warbler M t Hermit Warbler M s Grace’s Warbler D t MacGillivray’s Warbler D t Yellowthroat D t Yellow-breasted Chat M s Red-faced Warbler D F M t *Wilson’s Warbler M s Painted Redstart D p House Sparrow D t Meadowlark sp. D s *Hooded Oriole D F s Scott’s Oriole D s Bullock’s Oriole D w Brewer’s Blackbird D F s Brown-headed Cowbird D s Bronzed Cowbird D F s Western Tanager M s Hepatic Tanager D p Cardinal D p Pyrrhuloxia M s Black-headed Grosbeak D w Lazuli Bunting M p Evening Grosbeak M t Cassin’s Finch D F p *House Finch F M p Pine Siskin D F M p Lesser Goldfinch D w Lawrence’s Goldfinch M p Red Crossbill D F w Green-tailed Towhee F M p Rufous-sided Towhee D p *Brown Towhee D t Lark Bunting D F w Savannah Sparrow D w Vesper Sparrow D t Lark Sparrow D F p Rufous-winged Sparrow F p Rufous-crowned Sparrow D F p *Black-throated Sparrow F w Oregon Junco F w Gray-headed Junco M p Mexican Junco F w Clay-colored Sparrow F w Chipping Sparrow D F w Brewer’s Sparrow F p Black-chinned Sparrow D w White-crowned Sparrow D F w Fox Sparrow D F w Lincoln’s Sparrow

Mammals of the monument

This checklist names mammals that have been observed, and those that, mainly according to collection records and distribution maps in The Recent Mammals of Arizona, by E. Lendell Cockrum, 1960, may occur in the monument. One species, the desert kangaroo rat, probably occurs only in the Tucson Mountain Section. (See checklist of reptiles and amphibians for description of habitats.)

key to symbols: D desert habitat F foothill habitat M mountain habitat * species most often seen by visitors

habitat common name M Vagrant Shrew D F Gray Shrew D F Leafnose Bat D F Hognose Bat D F Longnose Bat D F Yuma Myotis D F Cave Myotis M Long-eared Myotis F M Fringed Myotis F M Long-legged Myotis D F M California Myotis F M Small-footed Myotis F M Silver-haired Bat D F M Western Pipistrel D F M Big Brown Bat D F Red Bat D F M Hoary Bat D F Western Yellow Bat D Spotted Bat D F M Western Big-eared Bat D F Pallid Bat D F M Mexican Freetail Bat D F Pocketed Freetail Bat D F Big Freetail Bat D F Western Mastiff Bat D Antelope Jackrabbit D F *Blacktail Jackrabbit M Eastern Cottontail D F *Desert Cottontail D F M Rock Squirrel D F *Yuma Antelope Ground Squirrel D *Roundtail Ground Squirrel F M Cliff Chipmunk M Tassel-eared Squirrel M Arizona Gray Squirrel D F M Valley Pocket Gopher D F Silky Pocket Mouse D F Arizona Pocket Mouse D F Hispid Pocket Mouse D Desert Pocket Mouse D F Rock Pocket Mouse D Bannertail Kangaroo Rat D Merriam Kangaroo Rat D Ord Kangaroo Rat D Desert Kangaroo Rat D F Western Harvest Mouse D F Fulvous Harvest Mouse D Cactus Mouse D Merriam Mouse D F Deer Mouse D F White-footed Mouse F M Brush Mouse D F Southern Grasshopper Mouse D F Hispid Cotton Rat D F Whitethroat Woodrat M Mexican Woodrat D F M Porcupine D F M *Coyote D F Gray Wolf D Kit Fox D F M Gray Fox M Black Bear D F Ringtail D F M Raccoon M Coati D F Badger D F M Spotted Skunk F Striped Skunk D F Hooded Skunk D F Hognose Skunk F M Jaguar D Jaguarundi F M Cougar D F M Bobcat D F *Peccary (Javelina) D F *Mule Deer M Whitetail Deer D F Bighorn

Photograph Credits

Carrico, J.: 46 Coss, Harold T., Jr.: Frontispiece, 2, 6, 8, 26, 28 right, 29 left, 31, 34 left, 37 all except bottom left, 38, 40, 41, 54, 56, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 78. Dodge, Natt N.: 32 Hoy, William: 44 Mang, Fred E., Jr.: 24, 28 left, 34 right, 37 bottom left, 39, 67, 77. Manley, Ray: 12 Olin, George: 10, 69, 82 Steenbergh, Warren: 35, 57 Unknown: 29 right

“As the Nation’s principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has basic responsibilities for water, fish, wildlife, mineral, land, park, and recreational resources. Indian and Territorial affairs are other major concerns of America’s Department of Natural Resources.” The Department works to assure the wisest choice in managing all our resources so each will make its full contribution to a better United States—now and in the future.

National Park Service U.S. DEPARTMENT of the INTERIOR

★ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1972 O-456-399

Transcriber’s Notes

—Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook is public-domain in the country of publication.

—Relocated all image captions to be immediately under the corresponding images, removing redundant references like ”preceding page”.

—Silently corrected a few palpable typos.

—In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by underscores.