Appendix V.

LIST OF WORKS.

The following works, all of which have been consulted in the preparation of this treatise, deal either with the past history or present condition of Roumania. The words italicised are those used in the notes appended to the text, where also references will be found to other books and official reports, of which the titles are given in full.

Almanach de Gotha. Justus Perthes, Gotha. 1882. 'Royaume de Roumanie,' pp. 898-907.

Annual Report of the Board of Trade, 1880.

Aurelian, Odobesco, and others (Commission princière). 'Notice sur la Roumanie.' Paris: A. Frank. 1867.

Aurelian, 'Terra Nostra.' Bucuresci, Tipografia Academiei Române. 1880.

Beaure et Mathorel. 'La Roumanie.' Calmann-Lévy, Paris. 1878.

Cantacuzene. 'Cenni sulla Romania.' (Roumanian Geographical Society.) 1875.

Carmen Sylva (the Queen of Roumania). 'Rumänische Dichtungen.' Leipzig: Friedrich. 1881.

Carra. 'Histoire de la Moldavie et de la Valachie.' Jassy. 1777. Consular Reports on Roumania (referred to specially in the text)-- Consul-General Green. May 1873. Consul-General Vivian. October 1876. Consul-General Sanderson. 1877. Vice-Consul Bonham. 1878. Sold by King, King Street, Westminster.

Dierauer, Johannes. 'Beiträge zur Geschichte Trajan's.' Leipzig: Teubner. 1868.

Dion Cassius. 'Histoire Romaine' de, par E. Gros. Paris: Firmin Didot. 1867.

Engel. 'Geschichte der Moldau und Walachei' (in 'Allgemeine Weltgeschichte,' Band 49). Halle: Gebauer. 1801.

Felix, Doctor L. 'Miscarea Populatiunii Romaniei.' Bucuresci: Tipografia Academiei. 1880.

Fife-Cookson. 'With the Armies of the Balkans.' Cassell. 1880.

Filek von Wittinghausen. 'Das Königreich Rumänien.' Wien: Carl Gerold's Sohn. 1881.

Freeman, Edward A. 'Historical Essays.' Macmillan. 1879. 'General Sketch of European History.' Macmillan. 1877.

Gerando. A. de. 'Siebenbürgen und seine Bewohner.' Lorck, Leipzig. 1845.

Gibbon's 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.' Tegg's edition.

Hallam's 'Middle Ages.' Murray. 1860.

Hammer-Purgstall. 'Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches.' 4 vols. Hartleben, Pesth. 1834-1836.

Hauer, Franz Ritter von. 'Geologie Siebenbürgen's.'

Henke, Rudolf. 'Rumänien, Land und Volk.' Leipzig: Otto Wigand. 1877.

Kogalnitchan, M. de. 'Histoire de la Dacie, des Valaques Transdanubiens et de la Valacie.' Berlin: Behr. 1854.

Kunisch. 'Eine Fahrt nach dem Orient.' Berlin: Effert & Lindtner. 1869.

Lauriani, A. Treb. 'Schneller Ueberblick der Geschichte der Romänen.' Bukuresti: Buchdruckerei des National-Collegiums. 1846.

Lesage, A. 'Atlas Historique.' Paris: P. Didot aîné. 1823.

Merivale. 'The Romans under the Empire.' London: Longmans. 1852-1862.

Michelet. 'Légendes démocratiques du Nord.' Madame Rosetti, 1848. Paris: Garnier. 1854.

Neigebaur, J.F. 'Moldau und Walachei.' J.U. Kern, Breslau. 1854.

Obédénare, M.C. 'La Roumanie Economique.' Paris: Leroux. 1876.

Ozanne. 'Three Years in Roumania.' Chapman & Hall. 1878.

Paget. 'Hungary and Transylvania.' London: Murray. 1850.

Peters, Prof. K.F. 'Die Donau und ihr Gebiet.' Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1876.

Petermann's 'Mittheilungen.' Ergänzungsheft 4. Justus Perthes, Gotha.

Photino, Dionysius. [Greek: Historia tês palai Dakias]. Vienna: Svek. 1818.

Píc, Jos. Lad. 'Ueber die Abstammung der Rumänen.' Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. 1880.

Piranese. Engravings of Trajan's Column.

Quinet, Edgar, Oeuvres Complètes de. Tome vi., 'Les Roumains.' Pagnerre, Paris. 1857.

Raicewich. 'Bemerkungen über die Moldau und Wallachey.' Wien: Edeln von Kurzbeck. 1789.

Regnault. 'Histoire des Principantés Danubiennes. Paulin & Chevalier, Paris. 1855.

Reissenberger, Ludwig. 'Die bischöfliche Klosterkirche bei Kurtea d'Argyisch.' Wien: K.K. Hof-und Staatsdruckerei. 1860.

Roesler, Robt. 'Romianische Studien.' Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. 1871.

Russo-Turkish War, Cassell's History of the. Cassell.

Russo-Turkish 'War Correspondence' of the 'Daily News.' Macmillan. 1878.

Smith, William. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography. Murray. Dictionary of Ancient Geography. Murray. 1872-1873.

Stanley. 'Rouman Anthology.' Hertford: Austin. 1856.

'Statistica din Romania.' Bucuresci: Tipografia Statululiu. 1880.

Tacitus, Bohn's.

Teutschländer, W. St. 'Michael der Tapfere.' Wien: Gräser. Bucarest: Sotschek. 1879.

Tocilesco. 'Dacia inainte de Romani.' Bucuresci: Tipografia Academiei Române. 1880.

Vaillant, J.A. 'La Românie.' Paris: A. Bertrand. 1845.

Wilkinson, W. 'An Account of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia,' London: Longmans. 1820.

Zallony, Marc. Philippe. 'Fassai sur les Phanariotes.' Marseille; Ant. Ricard. 1824.

INDEX.

Agriculture: cattle and sheep, 78, 79. cereals, nature, growth, and trade in, 6, 11, 31, 70, 76, 77. yield, and estimates of cost of growing, 76, 78. cheese and dairy products, 79. college (agricultural) of Ferestreu, 80-82. education, agricultural, 80. fanning, slovenly, 6, and note. flowers and fruits, 11, 12. implements of husbandry, 13, 75, 76. labourers, wages of, 13. landlordism in Roumania, 84, 85. land reforms, comparison between Roumanian and Irish, 85, 86. peasantry, character and condition of, 85, 86. peasant proprietary, history of the, 82-84, and Appendix IV. rotation of crops, 75. soil, nature and capabilities of, 6, 17, 75, 79. statistics of occupations, 87.

Archæology: collections in the Academy at Bucarest, 42. Constantine's bridge, 27. Curtea d'Ardges, cathedral of, 27, 58-65. its traditions and true history, 62-65. Gothic remains in Roumania, 27. Roman remains in Roumania, 26, 27. roads in Roumania, Transylvania, and Bulgaria, 26. Trajan's bridge, 23, 24. road on the Danube, 23. Tablet, 21, 23-25.

Bibliography (see Appendix V. 'List of Works').

Biography: Baasarab, Matthew, 201. Neagu, 63, 64, 174. Brancovano (Wallachia), 203, 206. Bratiano, M., 223, 265, 266. Cantemir (Moldavia), 204. Charles I., prince and king, 16, 17, 233-52, 258-60 (see 'History'). Couza, Prince, 229-32 (see 'History'). Decebalus, 119 et seq. Elisabeth, princess and queen, 55, 92. marriage, 257. personal description of, 260, 261. verses by, 261 note. Heliade, 221, 222, 223. Hunniad, Johann Corvin von, 167-69. Mavrocordato, Nicholas and Constantine, 208, 209. Mavrogeni, Nicholas, 214, 215, 218. Michael the Brave, 175, 176-98. Mircea the Old, 164-67. Rosetti, C.A., 223, 263-65. Madame, 262, 263. Serban II. (Cantacuzene), 64, 202, 203. Stephen, called the Good, 170, 178. Trajan, 122 et seq. Vladimiresco, 219. Ypsilanti, 219, 220.

Botany: Ferestreu, plants cultivated at, 80. garden flowers and fruits of Roumania, 11, 12. plants and trees of the plains, 6. of the hills, 11. of the mountains, 14.

Commerce and Manufactures: building company, for public works, 56. cereals, imports from Roumania into Great Britain, 81. Danube, navigation of, 30. tonnage of vessels entering, 30. Danubian Commission, history of, 32-35. flannel factories, 70. flour mills, 70. Galatz, trade at, 68-70. Ibrail, trade at, 72. maize, imports into England from Roumania, 31. markets and exchanges, absence of, 55. match factories, 70. petroleum wells and distilleries, 14, 31. railways, extension of, 71. securities, Roumanian, &c., 270 note. salt mines of Roumania, 14, 106. saw mills, 70. statistics of trade between Roumania and Great Britain, 70. sugar factories, 70.

Education and Culture: Academy, the, 41, 42. its collections and appliances, 42-45. agricultural college at Ferestreu, 80-82. Asyle Hélène, girls' school, 92-94. education in Roumania, 88-95. compared with England, 89 note. of youths abroad, 89-91, 95. collegiate, 89. other schools, 94, 95. music, 52, 55, 97. popular instruction and culture, want of, 55. Savants--M, Aurelian, 80. M. Bacologlu, 43. M. Bernath, 19, 43. M. Cogalniceanu, 55, 267. Dr. Davila, 43, 92, 94, 238. M. Hasdeu, 55, 99. M. Jon Ghika, 165 note, 267, and Appendix IV. M. Stourdza, 42. M. Tocilesco, 27 note, 42. societies, learned, 55.

Ethnography: dances, in their relation to the descent of the Roumanians, 97, 98. language, in its relation to the descent of the Roumanians, 95-99. authorities on, 99. music and its relations to the people, 97. peasantry, types of, 7. Trajan's colonists and modern Roumanians, 132, 162. Wallachs, the, and the Roumanians, 151-64, 164.

Geography (see also 'Topography' and 'Geology'): boundaries of Roumania, 3. configuration of the surface, 5. dimensions, 4. hills, zone of, 11. Kazan Pass, the, 22. lakes, 25. mountains, zone of, 5, 14. plains, zone of, 6. rivers--the Danube, 20-25. other rivers, 25. Iron Gates, the, 22. population, 4. of cities, 39, 50, 51, 71. summary of geographical characters, 28.

Geology and Mineralogy: Balta Alba, mineral waters of, 25. basin of the Danube, 17, 18. Carpathians, slopes of, 18. summits of, 18. coal and lignite, 18. copper and other minerals, 19. iron, 18. ozokerit (hydrocarbon), 18. petroleum wells, 14. plains, geology of, 17. salt mines, 14, 106-9.

History (see also 'Biography'): Adrianople, treaty of, 221. Æneas Sylvius on the Wallachs, 153. Alexander, Philip, and Lysimachus, their wars with the Getæ, 115-17. Anna Comnena on the Wallachs, 152. Anonymous Notary of King Bela, the, 150, 151. Attila, his career and death, 141, 142. Aurelian evacuates Dacia, 135-37. Aurelius (Marcus) defeats the Goths, 134. Avari, the, 143. Bajazet I. overruns Wallachia, 165. Balta-Liman, convention of, 224, Appendix IV. bans, voivodes, and khans (early), 163, 164. barbarians, 138-60, and Appendix I. (see also 'Goths,' 'Huns,' &c.). Basilius Lupus, 201. Bassarab, the clan, 163. Basta (General), 192, 195, 198. Bathori, Sigismund, 182, 185, 196. Andreas, 189, 190, 191. Belgrade, treaty of, 216. Bessarabia (Lower) annexed to Moldavia, 228. retaken by Russia in exchange for the Dobrudscha, 253. Bogdan, Dragosch, 162, 170. son of Stephen, 172. Bonfinius on the Wallachs, 152. Brancovano treats with Peter the Great, 203. deposed and executed, 204, 205. his great treasures, 205, 206. Bratiano, M., 223, 266. Bucarest, treaty of, 218. Bulgari, their customs, 144-46. Bulgari, their rule, 147, 148. Bulgarians (modern), their revolt (1877), 236. their alliance with the Russians, 242. Cantemir treats with Peter the Great, 203. flees into Russia, 204. Capitulation of Mircea to the Turks, 165 and Appendix II. of Bogdan to the Turks, 172 and Appendix II. Charles, Prince, 16, 17. accession, 233. difficulties of rule, 234. services to army, 237. participation in war of 1877-8, 239, 241. commander-in-chief before Plevna, 243. meets Osman Pasha, 252, crowned king, 255. personal description, 258-60. Christianity, history of, 65-66 note. Consuls, Russian, established in Roumania, 217. English and French, established in Roumania, 218. Corvinus (see 'Hunniad'). Couza, Prince, accession and reign, 229. surprised in his palace and deposed, 230. abdication and departure, 231, 232. Criminal codes of Matthew Bassarab and Basilius Lupus, 201, 202. Dacia, contests with Home, 117 et seq. Decebalus, King of, 119-29. Trajan's first invasion of, 122-27. second invasion of, 127-30. a Roman province, 131-34. evacuated by Aurelian, 195-97. Gibbon on the evacuation, 135-37. Dacians, the, their origin and character, 117-19. early wars with Rome, 119 et seq. Decebalus, King of the Dacians, 119-29. defeats Appius Sabinus, and Cornelius Fuscus, 120. is beaten by Tertius Julianus, 121. makes a treaty with Domitian, 121, 122. is defeated by Trajan, 124. breaks his treaty with Trajan, 127. attempts Trajan's life by assassination, 128. again defeated by Trajan and commits suicide, 129. Dion Cassius, the historian, 117, 118 note. Domitian, defeated by Decebalus, 120. Elisabeth, princess and queen, 55, 92, 257, 260-61, 261 note (see also 'Biography'). Gellius (and other chiefs), tradition of, 150, 151 note. Gepidæ (a branch of the Goths), powerful in Northern Dacia, 142. defeated and exterminated by the Lombards, 143. Getæ, their supposed origin, 115, 116. at war with Alexander and other Greek generals, 116, 117. Gibbon on Aurelian's evacuation of Dacia, 135. his estimate of the Dacians, 136. Goths, their first appearance, 134. defeated by Marcus Aurelius, 135. negotiate with Aurelian, 136. rule in Dacia, 139, 140. end of their rule, and remains left by them, 140. Greek families, reference to histories of, 201 note. rulers of Wallachia and Roumania (see 'Phanariotes'). rising under Vladimiresco and Ypsilanti, 219, 220. suppressed, 220. Grivitza Redoubt besieged by the Roumanians, 245, 246. its strength, 247. its capture by the Roumanians, 248, 249. Helena (Couza), Princess, 92, 229. Heliad, the regenerator of national literature in Roumania, 221-23. his political action, 223. Hospodars, Greek (see 'Phanariotes'). origin of title, 208, 209 note. restoration of native, 220. Hungarians (see 'Ungri'). Hunniad, Johann Corvin von, his birth and early life, 167, 168. viceroy of Siebenbürgen and regent of Hungary, 168. his wars with the Turks and death, 168. anecdotes concerning him, and his character, 160. Huns, appear in northern Dacia, 140, 141. their aspect and ferocity, 141. their king Attila, 141. defeated and driven out of Europe, 142. Innocent III., his correspondence with Joannitz, King of Wallacho-Bulgaria, 156-60. Jassy, Treaty of, 218. Jasyges, the, 118. Kainardji, treaty of, 217. Knights of St. John and Teutonic knights, 156. Kumani, the, 155, 156. Lauriani on the correspondence between Joannitz and Innocent III., 156-60. on the fall of Wallacho-Bulgaria, 160. Lombards, the, 143. Magyars, the (see 'Ungri'). Matthew Bassarab, his criminal code, 201, 202. Mavrocordato, Alexander, 207. Nicholas, first Phanariote voivode, 208. Constantine, suppresses retainers of boyards, 208. appoints new officers of State, 208, 209. Mavrogeni, Nicholas, his nobles rebel, 214, 215. his defeat by the Austrians and Russians, 218. Michael the Brave, condition of Wallachia in his day, 176-81. classes of society, 176, 177, 178. taxes, 178. officials, 179. army, 180. political relations with other states, 181. career of Michael: early history and accession, 182; alliances, 182; massacre of the Turks, 183; conspiracy against him, 183; Achmed Pasha's invasion and defeat, 184; Sigismund of Transylvania, Michael's submission to him, 185; invasion of Sinan Pasha, 186; Kalugereni, Michael's great victory, 186, 187; retreat and rally of Michael, 187; expulsion of the Turks, 188; intrigues of Michael, 189; abdication of Sigismund and accession of Andreas Bathori, 189; Michael's invasion and conquest of Transylvania, 189-92; triumph at Weissenburg, 192; Michael overruns Moldavia, 192, 194; in the zenith of his power, 194; General Basta, 192, 195; revolt of Transylvanian nobles, 195; defeat of Michael at Miriszlo and Hight, 195, 196; appeals to the German Emperor, 196; recall of Sigismund Bathori, 196; Michael pardoned and reinstated, 196, 197; junction with Basta and defeat of the Transylvanians, 197; feud with Basta, 197; Michael assassinated by order of Basta, 198; his character, 198. Mircea the Old, allied with Hungary and Poland, defeats the Turks, 165. first 'capitulation' at Nicopolis, 165 and Appendix II. his army, 166. his character, and verses in his memory by Bolentineanu, 167. Moldavia, tradition of Bogdan Dragosch, 162. earliest historical records of, 170. early voivodes, 170, 171. Stephen 'the Good,' voivode of, 171-73. capitulation of Bogdan to the Turks, 172. conquered by Michael the Brave, 193, 194. Basilius Lupus, voivode of, 202. Cantemir, voivode of, treats with Peter the Great, 203. invasion by Peter the Great, 203. Greek rising in (1821), 223. Michael Stourdza seizes the boyards, who escape, 223. Moldavia, junction of, with Wallachia under Couza, 228. coronation of King Charles, 255. Muktar Pasha relieves Kars, 241. Neagu Bassarab, records in the Cathedral of Ardges, 63, 64. his good deeds, 174. Niamtz, verses on Stephen's flight to, 172. Nicholas, Czar of Russia, and the Crimean war, 225, 227. Grand Duke, watches the crossing of the Danube by the Russians, 240. meets Osman Pasha, 252. Officers of State in the Principalities, 179. Omar Pasha suppresses the Greek rising, 224. Osman Pasha repels the Russians at Plevna, 240. is repulsed at Plevna, 243. is defeated, and surrenders to the Russian and Roumanian generals, 252. Paris, treaty of, 227. Patzinakitai, the, 151. Peter, Asan, and John, founders of Wallacho-Bulgarian empire, 154, 155. Peter the Great, his invasion of Moldavia, 203. Phanariotes, the, their rise and early history, 206, 207. the first rulers, 207, 208. installation of hospodars, 209. extortion and tyranny of, 210-12. extravagance of the princesses, 211. their usual fate, 212. favourable aspects of their rule, 214. end of their domination, 220. Wilkinson on their character, 220. Pic, on the origin of the, Roumanians, 164 note. Plevna, siege and investment of, 240-52. Russian repulses before, 240, 245, 246. defences of, 244. fall of, 252. Radu Affumati, 175. Radu Negru, tradition of, 162. Revolution of, 1848, 223. suppressed, 224. Roesler on the origin of the Roumanians, 164 note. Romans invade Dacia under Domitian. 120. invade Dacia under Trajan, 122-27. second invasion under Trajan, 127-30. rule in Dacia, 131-34. at war with the Goths, 134, 135. evacuate Dacia, 135-37. Rosetti, C.A., his participation in the rising of 1848, 223; his career, 263-265 (see also 'Biography'). Madame, liberates the Roumanian patriots from the Turks, 262, 263 (see also 'Biography'). Roumania constituted a principality under Couza, 229. its provisional government after the fall of Couza, 231, 232. under Prince Charles, 233-57. erected into a kingdom, 255. review of its history, 255. the future of, 269, 270. Roumanian alliance with Russia against Turkey, 237. army, 237, 238 and note, 245. neutrality in 1877, 236. policy, 267-70. soldiers, Russian contempt of, at the commencement of the war, 242. praised for their coolness, 242. bravery at Grivitza, 248. sufferings of, after the capture of Grivitza, 248. securities, rise in the value of, 270 note. Russian invasion of Moldavia under Peter the Great (1709), 203, 204. of the Principalities under Anne (1755), 216. under Catherine IV. (1768), 216. rule in Wallachia (1774), 217. Russian consuls sent to Bucarest, 217. rule in the Principalities (1789-92, 1806-12), 220. intervention and Russo-Turkish war of 1829, 221. invasion in 1848, 224. intervention, review of benefits to Roumania therefrom, 224-25. designs in 1853, 225. war with England, France, and Turkey (1853), 226, 227, 228. action in 1877, 235, 236. indebtedness to Roumania in 1877, 237, 238. invasion of Bulgaria (1877) 240. disasters in Bulgaria and Asia, 240, 241, 246. contempt for the Roumanian soldiers, 242. recognition of their bravery, 243. ingratitude after the conclusion of the war, 242, 243. San Stephano, treaty of, 253. Sarmatians, rule in Dacia, 142. defeated by Valentinian, 142. Serban (Cantacuzene), 202. betrays the Turks at Vienna, 202. Shipka Pass, fighting in, between Turks and Russians, 240, 241. Skobeleff, his success at Loftcha, 245. disaster at Plevna, 246, 247. Slavonians, 144. Stephen, called the Good, Voivode of Moldavia, 171. overruns Wallachia, 171. story of his flight to Niamtz (verses by Bolentineanu), 172. his cruelty and fanaticism, 173. his wars with the Turks and Tartars, 171-73. Tacitus, his comments on the Roman defeats in Dacia, 119, 120. Tartar conquest of the Principalities, 160. ravages, and defeats by Michael the Brave, 182, 184. Teutonic knights and knights of St John, 156. Traditions of Radu Negru and Bogdan, 162. Trajan, his first expedition into Dacia, 122-27. his second expedition into Dacia, 127-30. his triumph after the reduction of Dacia, 129. his method of colonising Dacia, 131-33 and note. Treaties of Nicopolis (1393), 165 and Appendix II.; between Bogdan and Selim (1513), Appendix II.; of Belgrade (1789), 216; of Kainardji (1774), 217; of Jassy (1792), 218; of Bucarest (1812), 218; of Adrianople (1829), 221; of Balta-Liman (1849), 224; of Paris (1856), 227, 228; of San Stephano (1878), 253. Turkish invasion of the Principalities (first), 165. suzerainty enforced upon Mircea, 165. wars with Johann Corvin von Hunniad, 168. wars with Moldavia, 171. supremacy established in Moldavia, 172. inhabitants of Wallachia massacred by Michael, 183. defeat at Kalugereni, 186, 187. expulsion from Wallachia, 188. exactions after Michael's death, 200. army betrayed at Vienna, 202. war with Peter the Great, 203, 204. appointment of Greek voivodes, 208. war with Anne and Charles VI., 216. defeat the allies at Belgrade, 216. war with Catherine, 216. with Russia (1806), 218; (1829), 221; (1853), 225-28. obstacles to the union of the Principalities, 228. to the accession of Charles I., 234. war with Russia and Roumania (1877), 235-53. victories in Bulgaria and Asia, 240, 241. defeats at Plevna, 243. victory over Skobeleff before Plevna, 246, 247. defeat at Grivitza, 248, 249. Ungri (Hungarians, or Magyars), their origin, 148. Ungri, Hallam's description of them, 149. German account of their savagery, 149, 150. their career in the Principalities and settlement in Hungary, 150. Vlad, the Impaler, fights the Turks in alliance with John Corvinus, 168. his wars with the Turks, 170. his horrible cruelties, 170. submission to the Turks, 170. Vladimiresco, his career and death, 219. Vladislaus, King of Poland and Hungary, fights the Turks in alliance with John Corvinus, 168. killed at Varna, 168. Voivodes, early, in Wallachia, 163 et seq., 200 et seq. in Moldavia, 170 et seq. their short rule and usual fate, 200, 213. Phanariote, 208 et seq. native, restored, 220. Wallachia, early traditions of, 162. historical records of its foundation, 163. bans, voivodes, and khans in, 163, 164. first capitulation to the Turks, 165 and Appendix II. state of society under Michael the Brave, 176-81. under the Phanariotes, 208-14. under Russian protection, 217, 221, 224. Greek rising in, 218, 220. national regeneration by Heliade, 221, 222. revolution of 1848 in, 223, 224. junction with Moldavia, 228. Wallachs, their origin, 151, 153. opinions of mediæval historians regarding their Daco-Roman descent (Bonfinius, Anna Comnena, Æneas Sylvius), 152, 153. their first rule, 154. Wallacho-Bulgarian Empire, founded by Peter, Asan, and John, 155. allied with the Kumani, 155. duration of the Empire, 155. correspondence between Innocent III. and John, Emperor of, 156-60. fall of, 160. Wilkinson on the Phanariotes, 180 note, 210. Ypsilanti, his leadership of the Greek rising, 219. treachery against Vladimiresco, 219. lights the Turks at Dragosani, 219. defeat, flight, and ultimate fate, 220. Zallony on the Phanariotes, 210.

Law and Jurisprudence: capital punishment abolished, and its substitutes, 101, 102, 106. courts of justice, 100. crime, statistics of, 103. Doftana, visit to salt mine of, 104, 105. expenditure for judicial and penal purposes, 112. prisons of Roumania, 102-10. prisoners, treatment of, 102, 104, 106, 110, 111. Vakareschti, visit, to prison of, 104, 105.

Manufactures (see 'Commerce').

Meteorology: climate and seasons of Roumania, 28.

Philology: language, constitution of the Roumanian, 95-97. comparison of Latin, Roumanian, and English, 96. Greek and other derivatives, 97. Magyar words in Roumanian, 97.

Politics: Austria and Roumania, and the Danube, 32-35, 267. domestic, in Roumania, 267, 269. English interests on the Danube, 34, 35. foreign, in Roumania, 267-69. future, 269. land question, the, in Roumania and Ireland, 82-85. leaders in, 257-67 (see also 'Biography'). Liberals, efforts of the, 267-70. parties, state of, in Roumania, 235 note.

Sociology: amusements of the people, 46. divorces in Roumania, 213, 214 note. funerals, 56. gipsies, their history, condition, and occupations, 49-54. hospitals, 44-46, 68. Jews, the, 57, 58. land and houses, cost of, 47. Lipovans, the, 54. octroi duties and poll-tax, 57. peasant proprietary, 82-6, and Appendix IV. peasantry, types of, 7. costumes of, 7, 8, 48, 49. women, occupations of, 8, 48. subterranean huts of, 10. diseases of, 10. police des moeurs, 45. prisons and prison system, 101-10 (see 'Law'). upper classes, 46. working classes, customs, wages, and condition in Bucarest, 46-49.

Topography: Bucarest, 5, 37-56. Curtea d'Ardges, 58-64. Danubian towns, 21. Galatz, 67-70. Ibrail, 72. Jassy, 71, 72. Roumanian towns, chief, 36, 37. Sinaïa, 7, 15, 16.

Zoology: buffaloes, 78. fishes, 25. sheep and cattle, 79.

LONDON: PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE AND PARLIAMENT STREET

39 PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. LONDON, April 1882.

GENERAL LISTS OF WORKS

PUBLISHED BY

MESSRS. LONGMANS, GREEN & CO.

HISTORY, POLITICS, HISTORICAL MEMOIRS, &c.

History of England from the Conclusion of the Great War in 1815. By SPENCER WALPOLE. 8vo. VOLS. I. & II. 1815-1832 (Second Edition, revised) price 36s. VOL. III. 1832-1841, price 18s.

History of England in the 18th Century. By W.E.H. LECKY, M.A. VOLS. I. & II. 1700-1760, Second Edition, price 36s. VOLS. III. & IV. 1760-1784, price 36s.

The History of England from the Accession of James II. By the Right Hon. Lord MACAULAY.

STUDENT'S EDITION, 2 vols. cr. 8vo. 12s.

PEOPLE'S EDITION, 4 vols. cr. 8vo. 16s.

CABINET EDITION, 8 vols. post 8vo. 48s.

LIBRARY EDITION, 5 vols. 8vo. £4.

The Complete Works of Lord Macaulay. Edited by Lady TREVELYAN.

CABINET EDITION, 16 vols. crown 8vo. price £4. 16s.

LIBRARY EDITION, 8 vols. 8vo. Portrait, price £5. 5s.

Lord Macaulay's Critical and Historical Essays.

CHEAP EDITION, crown 8vo. 3s. 6d.

STUDENT'S EDITION, crown 8vo. 6s.

PEOPLE'S EDITION, 2 vols. crown 8vo. 8s.

CABINET EDITION, 4 vols. 24s.

LIBRARY EDITION, 3 vols. 8vo. 36s.

The History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of the Spanish Armada. By J.A. FROUDE, M.A.

POPULAR EDITION, 12 vols. crown, £2. 2s.

CABINET EDITION, 12 vols. crown, £3. 12s.

The English in Ireland in the Eighteenth Century. By J.A. FROUDE, M.A. 3 vols. crown 8vo. 18s.

Journal of the Reigns of King George IV. and King William IV. By the late C.C.F. GREVILLE, Esq. Edited by H. REEVE, Esq. Fifth Edition. 3 vols. 8vo. price 36s.

The Life of Napoleon III. derived from State Records, Unpublished Family Correspondence, and Personal Testimony. By BLANCHARD JERROLD. With numerous Portraits and Facsimiles. 4 vols. 8vo. £3. 18s.

The Early History of Charles James Fox. By GEORGE OTTO TREVELYAN, M.P. Fourth Edition, 8vo. 6s.

The Speeches of the Rt. Hon. the Earl of Beaconsfield, K.G. Selected and arranged, with Explanatory Notes and a Preface, by T.E. KEBBEL. 2 vols, 8vo. 32s.

The Constitutional History of England since the Accession of George III. 1760-1870. By Sir THOMAS ERSKINE MAY, K.C.B. D.C.L. Sixth Edition. 3 vols. crown 8vo. 18s.

Democracy in Europe; a History. By Sir THOMAS ERSKINE MAY, K.C.B. D.C.L. 2 vols. 8vo. 32s.

Introductory Lectures on Modern History delivered in 1841 and 1842. By the late THOMAS ARNOLD, D.D. 8vo. 7s. 6d.

On Parliamentary Government In England. By ALPHEUS TODD. 2 vols. 8vo. 37s.

Parliamentary Government in the British Colonies. By ALPHEUS TODD. 8vo, 21s.

History of Civilisation in England and France, Spain and Scotland. By HENRY THOMAS BUCKLE. 3 vols. crown 8vo. 24s.

Lectures on the History of England from the Earliest Times to the Death of King Edward II. By W. LONGMAN, F.S.A. Maps and Illustrations. 8vo. 15s.

History of the Life & Times of Edward III. By W. LONGMAN, F.S.A. With 9 Maps, 8 Plates, and 16 Woodcuts. 2 vols. 8vo. 28s.

The Historical Geography of Europe. By E.A. FREEMAN, D.C.L. LL.D. Second Edition, with 65 Maps. 2 vols. 8vo. 31s. 6d.

History of England under the Duke of Buckingham and Charles I. 1624-1628. By S.R. GARDINER, LL.D. 2 vols. 8vo. Maps, price 24s.

The Personal Government of Charles I. from the Death of Buckingham to the Declaration in favour of Ship Money, 1628-1637. By S.R. GARDINER, LL.D. 2 vols. 8vo. 24s.

The Fall of the Monarchy of Charles I. 1637-1649. By S.R. GARDINER, LL.D. VOLS. I. & II. 1637-1642. 2 vols, 28s.

Bosco's Compendium of Italian History from the Fall of the Roman Empire. Translated from the Italian, and continued to the Present Time, by J.D. MORELL, M.A. LL.D. With 8 Illustrations. Royal 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Popular History of France, from the Earliest Times to the Death of Louis XIV. By MISS SEWELL. Crown 8vo. Maps, 7s. 6d.

A Student's Manual of the History of India from the Earliest Period to the Present. By COL. MEADOWS TAYLOR, M.R.A.S. Third Thousand. Crown 8vo. Maps, 1s. 6d.

Outline of English History, B.C. 55-A.D. 1880. By S.R. GARDINER, LL.D. Pp. 484, with 96 Woodcuts and Maps. Fcp. 8vo. price 2s. 6d.

Waterloo Lectures; a Study of the Campaign of 1815. By Col. C.C. CHESNEY, R.E. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

The Oxford Reformers--John Colet, Erasmus, and Thomas More; a History of their Fellow-Work. By F. SEEBOHM. 8vo. 14s.

History of the Romans under the Empire. By DEAN MERIVALE, D.D. 8 vols. post 8vo. 48s.

General History of Rome from B.C. 753 to A.D. 476. By DEAN MERIVALE, D.D. Crown 8vo. Maps, price 7s. 6d.

The Fall of the Roman Republic; a Short History of the Last Century of the Commonwealth. By DEAN MERIVALE, D.D. 12mo. 7s. 6d.

The History of Rome. By WILHELM IHNE. 5 vols. 8vo. price £3. 17s.

Carthage and the Carthaginians. By R. BOSWORTH SMITH, M.A. Second Edition. Maps, plans, &c. Crown 8vo. 10s. 6d.

History of Ancient Egypt. By G. RAWLINSON, M.A. With Map and numerous Illustrations. 2 vols. 8vo. price 63s.

The Seventh Great Oriental Monarchy; or, a History of the Sassanians. By G. RAWLINSON, M.A. With Map and 95 Illustrations. 8vo. 28s.

The History of European Morals from Augustus to Charlemagne. By W.E.H. LECKY, M.A. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 16s.

History of the Rise and Influence of the Spirit of Rationalism in Europe. By W.E.H. LECKY, M.A. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 16s.

The History of Philosophy, from Thales to Comte, By GEORGE HENRY LEWES. Fifth Edition. 2 vols. 8vo. 32s.

A History of Classical Greek Literature. By the Rev. J.P.P. MAHAFFY, M.A. Crown 8vo. VOL. I. Poets, 7s 6d. VOL. II. Prose Writers, 7s. 6d.

Zeller's Stoics, Epicureans, and Sceptics. Translated by the Rev. O.J. REICHEL, M.A. New Edition revised. Crown 8vo. 15s.

Zeller's Socrates & the Socratic Schools. Translated by the Rev. O.J. REICHEL, M.A. Second Edition. Crown 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Zeller's Plato & the Older Academy. Translated by S. FRANCES ALLEYNE and ALFRED GOODWIN, B.A. Crown 8vo. 18s.

Zeller's Pre-Socratic Schools; a History of Greek Philosophy from the Earliest Period to the time of Socrates. Translated by SARAH F. ALLEYNE. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 30s.

Zeller's Aristotle and the Elder Peripatetics. Translated by B.F.C. COSTELLOE, Balliol College, Oxford. Crown 8vo. [In preparation.

The above volume will complete the Authorised English Translation of Dr. ZELLER'S Work on the Philosophy of the Greeks.

Epochs of Modern History. Edited by C. COLBECK, M.A.

Church's Beginning of the Middle Ages, 2s. 6d.

Cox's Crusades, 2s. 6d.

Creighton's Age of Elizabeth, 2s. 6d.

Gardiner's Lancaster and York, 2s. 6d.

Gardiner's Puritan Revolution, 2s. 6d.

Gardiner's Thirty Years' War, 2s. 6d.

Hale's Fall of the Stuarts, 2s. 6d.

Johnson's Normans in Europe, 2s. 6d.

Longman's Frederic the Great, 2s. 6d.

Ludlow's War of American Independence, 2s. 6d.

M'Carthy's Epoch of Reform, 1830-1850. 2s. 6d.

Morris's Age of Anne, 2s. 6d.

Seebohm's Protestant Revolution, 2s. 6d.

Stubbs's Early Plantagenets, 2s. 6d.

Warburton's Edward III. 2s. 6d.

Epochs of Ancient History. Edited by the Rev. Sir G.W. COX, Bart. M.A. & C. SANKEY, M.A.

Beesly's Gracchi, Marius & Sulla, 2s. 6d.

Capes's Age of the Antonines, 2s. 6d.

Capes's Early Roman Empire, 2s. 6d.

Cox's Athenian Empire, 2s. 6d.

Cox's Greeks & Persians, 2s. 6d.

Curteis's Macedonian Empire, 2s. 6d.

Ihne's Rome to its Capture by the Gauls, 2s. 6d.

Merivale's Roman Triumvirates, 2s. 6d.

Sankey's Spartan & Theban Supremacies, 2s. 6d.

Smith's Rome and Carthage, 2s. 6d.

Creighton's Shilling History of England, introductory to 'Epochs of English History.' Fcp. 1s.

Epochs of English History. Edited by the Rev. MANDELL CREIGHTON, M.A. Fcp. 8vo. 5s.

Browning's Modern England, 1820-1874, 9d.

Cordery's Struggle against Absolute Monarchy, 1603-1688, 9d.

Creighton's (Mrs.) England a Continental Power, 1066-1216, 9d.

Creighton's (Rev. M.) Tudors and the Reformation, 1485-1603, 9d.

Rowley's Rise of the People, 1215-1485, 9d.

Rowley's Settlement of the Constitution, 1689-1784, 9d.

Tancock's England during the American & European Wars, 1765-1820, 9d.

York-Powell's Early England to the Conquest, 1s.

The Student's Manual of Ancient History; the Political History, Geography and Social State of the Principal Nations of Antiquity. By W. COOKE TAYLOR, LL.D. Cr. 8vo. 7s. 6d.

The Student's Manual of Modern History; the Rise and Progress of the Principal European Nations. By W. COOKE TAYLOR, LL.D. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

BIOGRAPHICAL WORKS.

Thomas Carlyle, a History of the first Forty Years of his Life, 1795 to 1835. By J.A. FROUDE, M.A. With 2 Portraits and 4 Illustrations. 2 vols. 8vo. 32s.

Reminiscences. By THOMAS CARLYLE. Edited by J.A. FROUDE, M.A. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 18s.

The Marriages of the Bonapartes. By the Hon. D.A. BINGHAM. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 21s.

Recollections of the Last Half-Century. By COUNT ORSI. With a Portrait of Napoleon III. and 4 Woodcuts. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

The Life of Giuseppe Garibaldi. By J. THEODORE BENT. Crown 8vo. with Portrait, 7s. 6d.

Autobiography. By JOHN STUART MILL. 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Felix Mendelssohn's Letters, translated by Lady WALLACE. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 5s. each.

The Correspondence of Robert Southey with Caroline Bowles. Edited by EDWARD DOWDEN, LL.D. 8vo. Portrait, 14s.

The Life and Letters of Lord Macaulay. By his Nephew, G. OTTO TREVELYAN, M.P.

CABINET EDITION, 2 vols. crown 8vo. 12s.

POPULAR EDITION, 1 vol. crown 8vo. 6s.

William Law, Nonjuror and Mystic, a Sketch of his Life, Character, and Opinions. By J.H. OVERTON, M.A. Vicar of Legbourne. 8vo. 15s.

James Mill; a Biography. By A. BAIN, LL.D. 8vo. 5s.

John Stuart Mill; a Criticism, with Personal Recollections. By A. BAIN, LL.D. 8vo. 2s. 6d.

A Dictionary of General Biography. By W.L.R. CATES. Third Edition, revised throughout and completed; with nearly Four Hundred Memoirs and Notices of Persons recently deceased. 8vo. 28s.

Apologia pro Vitâ Suâ; Being a History of his Religious Opinions by JOHN HENRY NEWMAN, D.D. Crown 8vo. 6s.

Biographical Studies. By the late WALTER BAGEHOT, M.A. Fellow of University College, London. 8vo. 12s.

Essays in Ecclesiastical Biography. By the Right Hon. Sir J. STEPHEN, LL.D. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Cæsar; a Sketch. By J.A. FROUDE, M.A. With Portrait and Map. 8vo. 16s.

Life of the Duke of Wellington. By the Rev. G.R. GLEIG, M.A. Crown 8vo. Portrait, 6s.

Memoirs of Sir Henry Havelock, K.C.B. By JOHN CLARK MARSHMAN. Crown 8vo, 3s. 6d.

Vicissitudes of Families. By Sir BERNARD BURKE, C.B. Two vols, crown 8vo. 21s.

Leaders of Public Opinion in Ireland; Swift, Flood, Grattan, O'Connell. By W.E.H. LECKY, M.A. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

MENTAL and POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY.

Comte's System of Positive Polity, or Treatise upon Sociology. By various Translators. 4 vols. 8vo. £4.

De Tocqueville's Democracy in America, translated by H. REEVE. 2 vols. crown 8vo, 16s.

Analysis of the Phenomena of the Human Mind. By JAMES MILL. With Notes, Illustrative and Critical. 2 vols. 8vo. 28s.

On Representative Government. By JOHN STUART MILL. Crown 8vo. 2s.

On Liberty. By JOHN STUART MILL. Post 8vo. 7s. 6d. crown 8vo. 1s. 4d.

Principles of Political Economy. By JOHN STUART MILL. 2 vols. 8vo. 30s. or I vol. crown 8vo. 5s.

Essays on some Unsettled Questions of Political Economy. By JOHN STUART MILL. 8vo. 6s. 6d.

Utilitarianism. By JOHN STUART MILL. 8vo. 5s.

The Subjection of Women. By JOHN STUART MILL. Fourth Edition. Crown 8vo. 6s.

Examination of Sir William Hamilton's Philosophy. By JOHN STUART MILL. 8vo. 16s.

A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive. By JOHN STUART MILL. 2 vols. 8vo. 25s.

Dissertations and Discussions. By JOHN STUART MILL. 4 vols. 8vo. £2. 7s.

A Systematic View of the Science of Jurisprudence. By SHELDON AMOS, M.A. 8vo. 18s.

Path and Goal; a Discussion on the Elements of Civilisation and the Conditions of Happiness. By M.M. KALISCH, Ph. D. M.A. 8vo. 12s. 6d.

The Law of Nations considered as Independent Political Communities. By Sir TRAVERS TWISS, D.C.L. 2 vols. 8vo. £1. 13s.

A Primer of the English Constitution and Government. By S. AMOS, M.A. Crown 8vo. 6s.

Fifty Years of the English Constitution, 1830-1880. By SHELDON AMOS, M.A. Crown 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Principles of Economical Philosophy. By H.D. MACLEOD, M.A. Second Edition, in 2 vols. VOL. I. 8vo. 15s. VOL. II. PART I. 12s.

Lord Bacon's Works, collected & edited by R.L. ELLIS, M.A. J. SPEDDING, M.A. and D.D. HEATH. 7 vols. 8vo. £3. 13s. 6d.

Letters and Life of Francis Bacon, including all his Occasional Works. Collected and edited, with a Commentary, by J. SPEDDING. 7 vols. 8vo. £4. 4s.

The Institutes of Justinian; with English Introduction, Translation, and Notes. By T.C. SANDARS, M.A. 8vo. 18s.

The Nicomachean Ethics of Aristotle, translated into English by R. WILLIAMS, B.A. Crown 8vo. price 7s. 6d.

Aristotle's Politics, Books I. III. IV. (VII.) Greek Text, with an English Translation by W.E. BOLLAND, M.A. and Short Essays by A. LANG, M.A. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

The Ethics of Aristotle; with Essays and Notes. By Sir A. GRANT, Bart. LL.D. 2 vols. 8vo, 32s.

Bacon's Essays, with Annotations. By R. WHATELY, D.D. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

An Introduction to Logic. By WILLIAM H. STANLEY MONCK, M.A. Prof, of Moral Philos. Univ. of Dublin. Crown 8vo. 5s.

Picture Logic; an Attempt to Popularise the Science of Reasoning. By A.J. SWINBURNE, B.A. Post 8vo. 5s.

Elements of Logic. By R. WHATELY, D.D. 8vo. 10s. 6d. Crown 8vo. 4s. 6d.

Elements of Rhetoric. By R. WHATELY, D.D. 8vo. 10s. 6d. Crown 8vo. 4s. 6d.

The Senses and the Intellect. By A. BAIN, LL.D, 8vo. 15s.

On the Influence of Authority in Matters of Opinion. By the late Sir. G.C. LEWIS, Bart. 8vo. 14s.

The Emotions and the Will. By A. BAIN, LL.D. 8vo. 15s.

Mental and Moral Science; a Compendium of Psychology and Ethics. By A. BAIN, LL.D. Crown 8vo. 10s. 6d.

An Outline of the Necessary Laws of Thought; a Treatise on Pure and Applied Logic. By W. THOMSON, D.D. Crown 8vo. 6s.

Essays in Political and Moral Philosophy. By T.E. CLIFFE LESLIE, Hon. LL.D. Dubl. of Lincoln's Inn, Barrister-at-Law. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Hume's Philosophical Works; Edited, with Notes, &c. by T.H. GREEN, M.A. and the Rev. T.H. GROSE, M.A. 4 vols. 8vo. 56s. Or separately, Essays, 2 vols. 28s. Treatise on Human Nature, 2 vols. 28s.

MISCELLANEOUS & CRITICAL WORKS.

Studies of Modern Mind and Character at Several European Epochs. By JOHN WILSON. 8vo. 12s.

Selected Essays, chiefly from Contributions to the Edinburgh and Quarterly Reviews. By A. HAYWARD, Q.C. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 12s.

Short Studies on Great Subjects. By J.A. FROUDE, M.A. 3 vols. crown 8vo. 18s.

Literary Studies. By the late WALTER BAGEHOT, M.A. Fellow of University College, London. Second Edition. 2 vols. 8vo. with Portrait, 28s.

Manual of English Literature, Historical and Critical. By T. ARNOLD, M.A. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Poetry and Prose; Illustrative Passages from English Authors from the Anglo-Saxon Period to the Present Time: a Companion-Volume to the above. Edited by T. ARNOLD, M.A. Crown 8vo. 6s.

The Wit and Wisdom of Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of Beaconsfield, collected from his Writings and Speeches. Crown 8vo. 6s.

The Wit and Wisdom of the Rev. Sydney Smith. Crown 8vo. 3s. 6d.

Lord Macaulay's Miscellaneous Writings:--

LIBRARY EDITION, 2 vols. 8vo. 21s.

PEOPLE'S EDITION, 1 vol. cr. 8vo. 4s. 6d.

Lord Macaulay's Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches. Student's Edition. Crown 8vo, 6s. Cabinet Edition, including Indian Penal Code, Lays of Ancient Rome, and other Poems. 4 vols. post 8vo. 24s.

Speeches of Lord Macaulay, corrected by Himself. Crown 8vo. 3s. 6d.

Selections from the Writings of Lord Macaulay. Edited, with Notes, by G.O. TREVELYAN, M.P. Crown. 8vo. 6s.

Miscellaneous Works of Thomas Arnold, D.D. late Head Master of Rugby School. 8vo. 7s. 6d.

German Home Life; a Series of Essays on the Domestic Life of Germany. Crown 8vo. 6s.

Realities of Irish Life. By W. STEUART TRENCH, Crown 8vo. 2s. 6d. boards, or 3s. 6d. cloth.

Apparitions; a Narrative of Facts. By the Rev. B.W. SAVILE, M.A. Second Edition. Crown 8vo. price 5s.

Evenings with the Skeptics; or, Free Discussion on Free Thinkers. By JOHN OWEN, Rector of East Anstey, Devon. 2 vols. 8vo. 32s.

Selected Essays on Language Mythology, and Religion. By F. MAX MÜLLER, K.M. 2 vols, crown 8vo. 16s.

Lectures on the Science of Language. By F. MAX MÜLLER, K.M. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 16s.

Chips from a German Workshop; Essays on the Science of Religion, and on Mythology, Traditions & Customs. By F. MAX MÜLLER, K.M. 4 vols. 8vo. £1. 16s.

Language & Languages. A Revised Edition of Chapters on Language and Families of Speech. By F.W. FARRAR, D.D. F.R.S. Crown 8vo, 6s.

The Essays and Contributions of A.K.H.B. Uniform Cabinet Editions in crown 8vo.

Autumn Holidays, 3s. 6d.

Changed Aspects of Unchanged Truths, 3s. 6d.

Commonplace Philosopher, 3s. 6d.

Counsel and Comfort, 3s. 6d.

Critical Essays, 3s. 6d.

Graver Thoughts. 3 Series, 3s. 6d. each.

Landscapes, Churches, and Moralities, 3s. 6d.

Leisure Hours in Town, 3s. 6d.

Lessons of Middle Age, 3s. 6d.

Our Little Life, 3s. 6d.

Present-Day Thoughts, 3s. 6d.

Recreations of a Country Parson, Three Series, 3s. 6d. each.

Seaside Musings, 3s. 6d.

Sunday Afternoons, 3s. 6d.

DICTIONARIES and OTHER BOOKS of REFERENCE.

One-Volume Dictionary of the English Language. By R.G. LATHAM, M.A. M.D. Medium 8vo. 14s.

Larger Dictionary of the English Language. By R.G. LATHAM, M.A. M.D. Founded on Johnson's English Dictionary as edited by the Rev. H.J. TODD. 4 vols. 4to. £7.

English Synonymes. By E.J. WHATELY. Edited by R. WHATELY, D.D. Fcp. 8vo. 3s.

Roget's Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases, classified and arranged so as to facilitate the expression of Ideas, and assist in Literary Composition. Revised and enlarged by the Author's Son, J.L. ROGET. Crown 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Handbook of the English Language. By R.G. LATHAM, M.A. M.D. Crown 8vo. 6s.

Contanseau's Practical Dictionary of the French and English Languages, Post 8vo. price 7s. 6d.

Contanseau's Pocket Dictionary, French and English, abridged from the Practical Dictionary by the Author. Square 18mo. 3s. 6d.

A Practical Dictionary of the German and English Languages. By Rev. W.L. BLACKLEY, M.A. & Dr. C.M. FRIEDLÄNDER. Post 8vo. 7s. 6d.

A New Pocket Dictionary of the German and English Languages. By F.W. LONGMAN, Ball. Coll. Oxford. Square 18mo. 5s.

Becker's Gallus; Roman Scenes of the Time of Augustus. Translated by the Rev. F. METCALFE, M.A. Post 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Becker's Charicles; Illustrations of the Private Life of the Ancient Greeks. Translated by the Rev. F. METCALFE, M.A. Post 8vo. 7s. 6d.

A Dictionary of Roman and Greek Antiquities. With 2,000 Woodcuts illustrative of the Arts and Life of the Greeks and Romans. By A. RICH, B.A. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

A Greek-English Lexicon. By H.G. LIDDELL, D.D. Dean of Christchurch, and R. SCOTT, D.D. Dean of Rochester. Crown 4to. 36s.

Liddell & Scott's Lexicon, Greek and English, abridged for Schools. Square 12mo. 7s. 6d.

An English-Greek Lexicon, containing all the Greek Words used by Writers of good authority. By C.D. YONGE, M.A. 4to. 21s. School Abridgment, square 12mo. 8s. 6d.

A Latin-English Dictionary. By JOHN T. WHITE, D.D. Oxon. and J.E. RIDDLE, M.A. Oxon. Sixth Edition, revised. Quarto 21s.

White's Concise Latin-English Dictionary, for the use of University Students. Royal 8vo. 12s.

M'Culloch's Dictionary of Commerce and Commercial Navigation. Re-edited, with a Supplement shewing the Progress of British Commercial Legislation to the Year 1880, by HUGH G. REID. With 11 Maps and 30 Charts. 8vo. 63s.

Keith Johnston's General Dictionary of Geography, Descriptive, Physical, Statistical, and Historical; a complete Gazetteer of the World. Medium 8vo. 42s.

The Public Schools Atlas of Ancient Geography, in 28 entirely new Coloured Maps. Edited by the Rev. G. BUTLER, M.A. Imperial 8vo. or imperial 4to. 7s. 6d.

The Public Schools Atlas of Modern Geography, in 31 entirely new Coloured Maps. Edited by the Rev. G. BUTLER, M.A. Uniform, 5s.

ASTRONOMY and METEOROLOGY.

Outlines of Astronomy. By Sir J.F.W. HERSCHEL, Bart. M.A. Latest Edition, with Plates and Diagrams. Square crown 8vo. 12s.

The Moon, and the Condition and Configurations of its Surface. By E. NEISON, F.R.A.S. With 26 Maps and 5 Plates. Medium 8vo. price 31s. 6d.

Air and Rain; the Beginnings of a Chemical Climatology, By R.A. SMITH, F.R.S. 8vo. 24s.

Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes. By the Rev. T.W. WEBB, M.A. Fourth Edition, revised and adapted to the Present State of Sidereal Science; Map, Plate, Woodcuts. Crown 8vo. 9s.

The Sun; Ruler, Light, Fire, and Life of the Planetary System. By R.A. PROCTOR, B.A. With Plates & Woodcuts. Crown 8vo. 14s.

The Orbs Around Us; a Series of Essays on the Moon & Planets, Meteors & Comets, the Sun & Coloured Pairs of Suns. By R.A. PROCTOR, B.A. With Chart and Diagrams. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Other Worlds than Ours; The Plurality of Worlds Studied under the Light of Recent Scientific Researches. By R.A. PROCTOR, B.A. With 14 Illustrations. Crown 8vo. price 10s. 6d.

The Moon; her Motions, Aspects, Scenery, and Physical Condition. By R.A. PROCTOR, B.A. With Plates, Charts, Woodcuts, and Lunar Photographs, Crown 8vo. 10s. 6d.

The Universe of Stars; Presenting Researches into and New Views respecting the Constitution of the Heavens. By R.A. PROCTOR, B.A. Second Edition, with 22 Charts (4 Coloured) and 22 Diagrams. 8vo. price 10s. 6d.

A New Star Atlas, for the Library, the School, and the Observatory, in 12 Circular Maps (with 2 Index Plates). By R.A. PROCTOR, B.A. Crown 8vo. 5s.

Larger Star Atlas, for the Library, in Twelve Circular Maps, with Introduction and 2 Index Plates. By R.A. PROCTOR, B.A. Folio, 15s. or Maps only, 12s. 6d.

Essays on Astronomy. A Series of Papers on Planets and Meteors, the Sun and Sun-surrounding Space, Stars and Star Cloudlets. By R.A. PROCTOR, B.A. With 10 Plates and 24 Woodcuts. 8vo. 12s.

NATURAL HISTORY and PHYSICAL SCIENCE.

Ganot's Elementary Treatise on Physics, Experimental and Applied, for the use of Colleges and Schools. Translated by E. ATKINSON, Ph. D. F.C.S. Tenth Edition, revised and enlarged; with 4 Coloured Plates and 844 Woodcuts. Large crown 8vo. 15s.

Ganot's Natural Philosophy for General Readers and Young Persons; a Course of Physics divested of Mathematical Formulæ and expressed in the language of daily life. Translated by E. ATKINSON, Ph. D. F.C.S. Fourth Edition, revised; with 2 Plates and 471 Woodcuts. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Professor Helmholtz' Popular Lectures on Scientific Subjects. Translated and edited by EDMUND ATKINSON, Ph. D. F.C.S. Professor of Chemistry &c. Staff College, Sandhurst. With a Preface by Professor TYNDALL, F.R.S. and 68 Woodcuts. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 15s. or separately, 7s. 6d. each.

Arnott's Elements of Physics or Natural Philosophy. Seventh Edition, edited by A. BAIN, LL.D. and A.S. TAYLOR, M.D. F.R.S. Crown 8vo. Woodcuts, 12s. 6d.

The Correlation of Physical Forces. By the Hon. Sir W.R. GROVE, F.R.S. &c. Sixth Edition, revised and augmented. 8vo. 15s.

A Treatise on Magnetism, General and Terrestrial. By H. LLOYD, D.D. D.C.L. &c. late Provost of Trinity College, Dublin. 8vo. 12s. 6d.

The Mathematical and other Tracts of the late James M'Cullagh, F.T.C.D. Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of Dublin. Now first collected, and Edited by the Rev. J.H. JELLETT, B.D. and the Rev. S. HAUGHTON, M.D. Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin, 8vo. 15s.

Elementary Treatise on the Wave-Theory of Light. By H. LLOYD, D.D. D.C L. &c. late Provost of Trinity College, Dublin. 8vo. price 10s. 6d.

Fragments of Science. By JOHN TYNDALL, F.R.S. Sixth Edition, revised and augmented. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 16s.

Heat a Mode of Motion. By JOHN TYNDALL, F.R.S. Sixth Edition (Thirteenth Thousand), thoroughly revised and enlarged. Crown 8vo. 12s.

Sound. By JOHN TYNDALL, F.R.S. Fourth Edition, including Recent Researches. [In the press.

Essays on the Floating-Matter of the Air in relation to Putrefaction and Infection. By JOHN TYNDALL, F.R.S. With 24 Woodcuts. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Professor Tyndall's Lectures on Light, delivered in America in 1872 and 1873. With Portrait, Plate & Diagrams. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Professor Tyndall's Lessons in Electricity at the Royal Institution, 1875-6. With 58 Woodcuts. Crown 8vo. 2s. 6d.

Professor Tyndall's Notes of a Course of Seven Lectures on Electrical Phenomena and Theories, delivered at the Royal Institution. Crown 8vo. 1s. sewed, 1s. 6d. cloth.

Professor Tyndall's Notes of a Course of Nine Lectures on Light, delivered at the Royal Institution. Crown 8vo. 1s. sewed, 1s. 6d. cloth.

Six Lectures on Physical Geography, delivered in 1876, with some Additions. By the Rev. SAMUEL HAUGHTON, F.R.S. M.D. D.C.L. With 23 Diagrams. 8vo. 15s.

An Introduction to the Systematic Zoology and Morphology of Vertebrate Animals. By A. MACALISTER, M.D. With 28 Diagrams. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Text-Books of Science, Mechanical and Physical, adapted for the use of Artisans and of Students in Public and Science Schools. Small 8vo. with Woodcuts, &c.

Abney's Photography, 3s. 6d.

Anderson's (Sir John) Strength of Materials, 3s. 6d.

Armstrong's Organic Chemistry, 3s. 6d.

Ball's Elements of Astronomy, 6s.

Barry's Railway Appliances, 3s. 6d.

Bauerman's Systematic Mineralogy, 6s.

Bloxam's Metals, 3s. 6d.

Goodeve's Mechanics, 3s. 6d.

Gore's Electro-Metallurgy, 6s.

Griffin's Algebra & Trigonometry, 3s. 6d.

Jenkin's Electricity & Magnetism, 3s. 6d.

Maxwell's Theory of Heat, 3s. 6d.

Merrifield's Technical Arithmetic, 3s. 6d.

Miller's Inorganic Chemistry, 3s. 6d.

Preece & Sivewright's Telegraphy, 3s. 6d.

Rutley's Study of Rocks, 4s. 6d.

Shelley's Workshop Appliances, 3s. 6d.

Thomé's Structural and Physiological Botany, 6s.

Thorpe's Quantitative Analysis, 4s. 6d.

Thorpe & Muir's Qualitative Analysis, 3s. 6d.

Tilden's Chemical Philosophy, 3s. 6d.

Unwin's Machine Design, 3s. 6d.

Watson's Plane & Solid Geometry, 3s. 6d.

The Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Vertebrate Animals. By RICHARD OWEN, F.R.S. With 1,472 Woodcuts. 3 vols. 8vo. £3. 13s. 6d.

Homes without Hands; a Description of the Habitations of Animals, classed according to their Principle of Construction. By the Rev. J.G. WOOD, M.A. With about 140 Vignettes on Wood. 8vo. 14s.

Wood's Strange Dwellings; a Description of the Habitations of Animals, abridged from 'Homes without Hands.' With Frontispiece and 60 Woodcuts. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d. Popular Edition, 4to. 6d.

Wood's Insects at Home; a Popular Account of British Insects, their Structure, Habits, and Transformations. 8vo. Woodcuts, 14s.

Wood's Insects Abroad; a Popular Account of Foreign Insects, their Structure, Habits, and Transformations. 8vo. Woodcuts, 14s.

Wood's Out of Doors; a Selection of Original Articles on Practical Natural History. With 6 Illustrations. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Wood's Bible Animals; a description of every Living Creature mentioned in the Scriptures. With 112 Vignettes. 8vo. 14s.

The Sea and its Living Wonders. By Dr. G. HARTWIG. 8vo. with many Illustrations, 10s. 6d.

Hartwig's Tropical World. With about 200 Illustrations. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Hartwig's Polar World; a Description of Man and Nature in the Arctic and Antarctic Regions of the Globe. Maps, Plates & Woodcuts. 8vo. 10s. 6d. Sunbeam Edition, 6d.

Hartwig's Subterranean World. With Maps and Woodcuts. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Hartwig's Aerial World; a Popular Account of the Phenomena and Life of the Atmosphere. Map, Plates, Woodcuts. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

A Familiar History of Birds. By E. STANLEY, D.D. New Edition, revised and enlarged, with 160 Woodcuts. Crown 8vo. 6s.

Rural Bird Life; Essays on Ornithology, with Instructions for Preserving Objects relating to that Science. By CHARLES DIXON. With Coloured Frontispiece and 44 Woodcuts by G. Pearson. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Country Pleasures; the Chronicle of a Year, chiefly in a Garden. By GEORGE MILNER. Second Edition, with Vignette Title-page. Crown 8vo. price 6s.

The Note-book of an Amateur Geologist. By JOHN EDWARD LEE, F.G.S. F.S.A. &c. With numerous Woodcuts and 200 Lithographic Plates of Sketches and Sections. 8vo. 21s.

Rocks Classified and Described. By BERNHARD VON COTTA. An English Translation, by P.H. LAWRENCE, with English, German, and French Synonymes. Post 8vo, 14s.

The Geology of England and Wales; a Concise Account of the Lithological Characters, Leading Fossils, and Economic Products of the Rocks. By H.B. WOODWARD, F.G.S. Crown 8vo. Map & Woodcuts, 14s.

Keller's Lake Dwellings of Switzerland, and other Parts of Europe. Translated by JOHN E. LEE, F.S.A. F.G.S. With 206 Illustrations. 2 vols. royal 8vo. 42s.

Heer's Primæval World of Switzerland. Edited by JAMES HEYWOOD, M.A. F.R.S. With Map, 29 Plates, & 372 Woodcuts. 2 vols. 8vo. 12s.

The Puzzle of Life and How it Has Been Put Together; a Short History of Praehistoric Vegetable and Animal Life on the Earth, By A. NICOLS, F.R.G.S. With 12 Illustrations. Crown 8vo. 3s. 6d.

The Origin of Civilisation, and the Primitive Condition of Man; Mental and Social Condition of Savages. By Sir J. LUBBOCK, Bart. M.P. F.R.S. Fourth Edition, enlarged. 8vo. Woodcuts, 18s.

Light Science for Leisure Hours; Familiar Essays on Scientific Subjects, Natural Phenomena, &c. By R.A. PROCTOR, B.A. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 7s. 6d. each.

A Dictionary of Science, Literature, and Art. Re-edited by the Rev. Sir G.W. COX, Bart. M.A. 3 vols. medium 8vo. 63s.

Hullah's Course of Lectures on the History of Modern Music. 8vo. 8s. 6d.

Hullah's Second Course of Lectures on the Transition Period of Musical History, 8vo. 10s. 6d.

Loudon's Encyclopædia of Plants; the Specific Character, Description, Culture, History, &c. of all Plants found in Great Britain. With 12,000 Woodcuts. 8vo. 42s.

Loudon's Encyclopædia of Gardening; the Theory and Practice of Horticulture, Floriculture, Arboriculture & Landscape Gardening, With 1,000 Woodcuts. 8vo. 21s.

De Caisne & Le Maout's Descriptive and Analytical Botany. Translated by Mrs. HOOKER; edited and arranged by J.D. HOOKER, M.D. With 5,500 Woodcuts. Imperial 8vo. price 31s. 5d.

Rivers's Orchard-House; or, the Cultivation of Fruit Trees under Glass. Sixteenth Edition. Crown 8vo. with 25 Woodcuts, 5s.

The Rose Amateur's Guide. By THOMAS RIVERS. Latest Edition. Fcp. 8vo. 4s. 6d.

CHEMISTRY and PHYSIOLOGY.

Experimental Chemistry for Junior Students. By J.E. REYNOLDS, M.D. F.R.S. Professor of Chemistry, University of Dublin. Part I. Introductory. Fcp. 8vo. 1s. 6d.

Practical Chemistry; the Principles of Qualitative Analysis. By W.A. TILDEN, D. Sc. Lond. F.C.S. Professor of Chemistry in Mason's College, Birmingham. Fcp. 8vo. 1s. 6d.

Miller's Elements of Chemistry, Theoretical and Practical, Re-edited, with Additions, by H. MACLEOD, F.C.S. 3 vols. 8vo.