SECTION IX.. What Industries Only Should Be Favored.

WHAT INDUSTRIES ONLY SHOULD BE FAVORED.

That as a rule only such industries should be favored which, by reason of the natural capacities of the country and of the people, have a good prospect of being able soon to dispense with the favors accorded, would be self-evident were it not for the fact that it has been ignored a thousand times in practice.[A3-9-1] It is especially necessary to take the natural station (Standort)[A3-9-2] as well as the natural succession of the different branches of industry into consideration. Half manufactured articles of foreign raw material should not be protected until the entire manufactured article has completely outgrown protection; which condition manifests itself most clearly by a strong, independent exportation of the article.[A3-9-3] The celebrated tariff controversy between the cotton spinners and the weavers in the Zollverein was probably without any conscious plan, but certainly to the well-being of German industry, settled essentially in accordance with these principles. In such struggles of the different stages of a branch of production with one another, it is necessary not only mechanically to weigh the number of workmen, the amount of capital, etc., on both sides, but also organically the capacity for development and the influence of both sides on the entire national life.[A3-9-4] Half-manufactured articles of a very superior quality should not be kept away, since by promoting commodities of the first quality they have an educational influence on the whole industry. Thus, in the case of the duties on iron, it should not be forgotten, that they enhance the price of all instruments of industry.[A3-9-5] Just as objectionable are protective duties for machines or for intellectual elements of training.[A3-9-6]

INDEX TO NAMES OF AUTHORS

CITED IN THE PRINCIPLES.

Académie française, 42.

Agricola, 116, 120.

Ahrens, 16, 77.

Algarotti, 49.

Anacharsis, 116.

Anaxagoras, 38.

Anderson, A. (Origin of Commerce), 188.

Anderson, J. (Nature of Corn Laws), 152, 154.

Anonymous, authors of:

---- Britannia languens, 123, 196. ---- Discourse of Trade, Coyn and Paper-Credit, 48, 50, 90, 108, 123. ---- England's great Happiness, 196. ---- Interest of Money mistaken, 188. ---- Paying old Debts without new Taxes, 49. ---- Virginia's Verger, 9. ---- (W. S.) Compendious or brief Examination of certain ordinary Complaints, 137.

Antisthenes, 225.

Antoninus, 191.

Arbuthnot, 135.

Aretin, v., II, 118.

Aristippos, 225.

Aristophanes, 79, 202.

Aristotle, 1, 2, 5, 9, 14, 36, 38, 43, 49, 57, 63, 69, 70, 75, 79, 81, 100, 107, 116, 117, 190, 205, 250, 251, 253.

Arnd, 20.

Arnold, 184.

Asgill, 49.

Augustinis, de, 51.

Auxiron, 154.

Babbage, 57, 58, 106.

Baboeuf, 79, 81.

Bacon, 13, 21, 24, 50, 55, 98, 108, 114, 191, 204, 254.

Bandini, 123, 188.

Banfield, 115, 157, 205, 263.

Bastiat, 2, 5, 9, 31, 35, 42, 54, 58, 81, 82, 84, 87, 97, 116, 117, 152, 167, 185, 210, 238, 242, 243.

Baudrillart, 21, 242.

Baumstark, 20, 154.

Bazard, 11, 53, 67, 84, 86, 90, 97, 205, 207.

Beaumont, de, 250.

Beccaria, 19, 49, 57, 79, 125, 126, 140, 256, 263.

Becher, J. J., 98, 114, 214, 254.

Beckmann, J., 225.

Bentham, J., 12, 71, 193, 232, 250, 256.

Berg, v., 76.

Berkeley, 9, 47, 57, 95, 116, 123, 212, 214, 231, 254, 255.

Bernhardi, v., 147, 154.

Bernhardinus, 191.

Bernoulli, 3, 246, 248.

Besold, 137, 191.

Bible, 11, 16, 36, 41, 63, 69, 81, 84, 190, 202, 204, 218, 225, 239, 245, 255, 264.

Biel, 22, 116, 120.

Blackstone, 42, 86 87, 199.

Blanc, L., 81, 82, 98, 167, 178.

Blanqui, 169.

Böckh, 135, 137.

Boden, 183.

Bodin, J., 37, 137, 254.

Bodz-Reymond, 97.

Boisguillebert, 1, 9, 12, 49, 96, 97, 100, 111, 117, 123, 154, 214, 215.

Booth, 243.

Bornitz, 3, 114.

Bossuet, 77, 191.

Botero, G., 9, 210, 241, 242, 245.

Boussingault, 32, 34.

Boxhorn, 39, 94.

Brentano, 166, 175, 176, 177.

Bridge, 238.

Brissot, 77.

Broggia, 9, 116.

Buat, 16.

Buchanan, 152, 153, 154, 164.

Buckle, 209, 263.

Bülau, 17, 97.

Buonarotti, 79.

Buquoy, Count, 22, 34, 129, 147.

Burke, 11, 220; II, 5, 106, 140, 155.

Büsch, 2, 9, 42, 95, 96, 117, 123, 126, 170, 183, 263.

Cabanis, 37.

Cabet, 79, 82, 250.

Cæsar, Jul., 16.

Calvin, 49, 79, 114, 191.

Campanella, 79.

Canard, 22, 42, 47, 95, 101, 106, 123, 152, 188, 195, 215.

Cancrin, Count, 64, 98.

Cantillon, 47, 49, 90, 98, 106, 123, 126, 128, 137, 144, 154, 161, 167, 185, 193.

Carey, 5, 42, 148, 154, 155, 157, 166, 172, 199, 214, 243, 253, 263.

Carli, 137.

Casper, 246.

Cato, Cens., 43, 190, 222.

Cazaux, 22, 127, 145.

Celtes, 41.

Cervantes, 55.

Chadwick, 218, 248.

Chalmers, Th., 216, 217, 242.

Cherbuliez, 202.

Chevalier, M., 11, 40, 66, 70, 89, 97, 116, 120, 121, 124, 128, 129, 136, 137, 139, 142, 143, 173, 199, 216, 217, 220.

Child, Sir J., 42, 97, 98, 114, 123, 154, 157, 188, 192, 193, 197, 199, 241, 242, 254.

Chrysippos, 250.

Cibrario, 17, 137.

Cicero, 9, 46, 49, 75, 100.

Cieszkowsky, 89.

Clemens, Rom., 81.

Cleonard, 54.

Cliquot de Blervache, 108.

Cobden, R., 98.

Coke, R., 196.

Colbert, 232, 255.

Colton, 12, 25, 42, 116, 201.

Columella, 40, 59, 71.

Comte, Ch., 37, 71.

Condillac, 21, 49, 107, 129.

Condorcet, 263.

Considérant, 51, 88, 183.

Constant, B., 168.

Contzen, Ad., 49, 226.

Cooper, Th., 12.

Corpus Juris civilis, 69, 83, 117, 201.

Corpus Juris canonici, 41.

Corvaja, 82.

Cournot, 22.

Court, P. de la, 94, 97, 98, 108, 114, 185, 254.

Culpeper, Sir Th., 154, 188, 192, 199.

Dankwardt, 16, 56.

Dante, 191, 250.

Darjes, 19, 76, 96, 106, 192, 254.

Darwin, 242.

Davanzati, 116, 123.

Davenant, 9, 10, 21, 97, 103, 116, 124, 157, 242, 254.

Decker, Sir M., 10, 41.

Defoe, D., 222.

Demosthenes, 21, 42, 43, 89, 231.

Diderot, 57.

Dietzel, C., 42, 90.

Diogenes, 225.

Dithmar, 19.

Dohm, 49, 263.

Doubleday, 242.

Drobisch, 13, 129.

Droz, 46, 92, 214.

Dufau, 18.

Dumont, 225.

Dunoyer, 16, 17, 21, 26, 38, 42, 50, 54, 111, 145, 178, 203, 216, 242.

Dupont de Nemours, 5, 97, 108, 147.

Duport, St. Clair, 139.

Dutot, 96, 100, 116, 212.

Eden, Sir F. M., 57, 140, 213.

Edinburgh Review, 116, 154, 176, 242.

Eiselen, 51, 95, 195.

Enfantin, 250.

Engel, 161, 162, 214, 240, 243, 246, 248.

Epicharmos, 47.

Erasmus, 41, 79, 191.

Euler, 238.

Euripides, 37, 226.

Everett, 243.

Fallati, 18, 21.

Faucher, J., 1.

Faucher, L., 178, 215.

Faust, M., 137.

Faxardo, Saavedra, 9, 254.

Fénélon, 225.

Ferguson, 11, 16, 21, 44, 50, 63, 115, 210, 217, 224, 225, 226, 255.

Fichte, J. G., 12, 82, 97, 123, 129, 204, 250.

Filangieri, 225, 254.

Fix, 4.

Fleetwood, 143.

Forbonnais, 68, 97, 116, 123, 173, 190, 200, 214, 254, 255.

Forster, 79.

Fortrey, Sam, 196.

Fourier, Ch., 51, 66, 81, 85, 97, 183, 207, 250.

Fox, 77.

Franklin, B., 12, 33, 41, 42, 49, 71, 89, 97, 98, 107, 116, 128, 173, 178, 203, 218, 219, 225, 232, 241, 242, 255.

Frégier, 223.

Friedländer, 4.

Friedrich II. (Emperor), 49, 83.

Friedrich, M., 16, 114, 244, 254.

Fullarton, 123, 125.

Fuoco, 11, 22, 121, 146, 154, 202.

Galiani, 8, 9, 42, 47, 98, 100, 104, 116, 120, 126, 128, 129, 140, 142, 167, 187, 197.

Gallatin, 136.

Ganilh, 12, 42, 51, 52, 55, 116, 123, 147, 180, 188, 196, 214, 216.

Garcilasso, de la Vega, 9.

Garnier, 16, 50, 137.

Garve, 30, 50, 52, 99, 115, 173, 231.

Gasparin, 161.

Gavard, 17.

Gee, 116.

Geiler v. Kaisersberg, 39.

Genovesi, 4, 16, 64, 97, 102, 123.

Gerstner, 253.

Gessler, 261.

Gibbon, 234.

Gioja, 2, 30, 42, 47, 51, 64, 191.

Gobbi, 32.

Godwin, 243, 250, 254.

Goethe, 11, 25, 36.

Goldsmith, 254.

Gournay, 49, 108.

Graham, 243.

Graswinckel, 87.

Gratian, 47.

Graumann, 125.

Graunt, 245.

Gray, 243.

Gregorius Tolosan, 48, 55.

Grotius, H., 77, 87, 187, 191.

Guérard, 143.

Günther, 194.

Hackluyt, 9.

Haller, K. L. v., 14, 256.

Hamann, 117.

Hamilton, 90, 152.

Hanssen, 40, 126, 139, 140, 144.

Harless, 81.

Harrington, J., 98, 205, 253.

Harris, 47, 57, 128, 180.

Hegel, 3.

Held, 146.

Helferich, 86, 137.

Helvétius, 11, 38, 231.

Herakleides, 225.

Herbart, 16, 22.

Herbert, 101, 142.

Herber, J. G. v., 265.

Hermann, F. B. W., 1, 2, 3, 11, 17, 42, 43, 44, 45, 50, 51, 101, 103, 106, 108, 110, 113, 115, 118, 129, 137, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 150, 152, 153, 154, 166, 172, 180, 181, 183, 186, 196, 196a, 199, 204, 208, 211, 212, 216, 219, 231, 246, 259.

Herodotus, 37.

Herrmann, E., 101, 207.

Heuschling, 154.

Hildebrand, B., 5, 13, 18, 79, 90, 146, 205.

Hippokrates, 37.

Hobbes, 42, 47, 50, 77, 107, 116, 118.

Hoffmann, J. G., 97, 117, 119, 159, 205, 246, 249.

Homer, 71, 250.

Hood, 168.

Hopkins, 159.

Horn, 245, 247, 248, 254.

Horneck, v. 19, 114, 116, 254.

Howlett, 39.

Hufeland, 2, 5, 12, 13, 46, 51, 59, 66, 87, 106, 107, 111, 118, 152, 195, 221.

Hugo, G., 24, 69, 81.

Humboldt, A. v., 32, 36, 61, 98, 106, 136, 139, 214.

Hume, D., 11, 36, 42, 47, 50, 71, 96, 98, 116, 117, 121, 123, 125, 126, 137, 154, 185, 200, 214, 225, 242, 263, 264.

Hutcheson, 5, 11.

Hutton, U. v., 225.

Iambulos, 79.

Isokrates, 57, 231.

Ivernois, Sir F. d', 239, 246.

Jacob, W., 120, 135, 137.

Jakob, H. L. v., 16, 49, 71, 106, 107, 127, 128, 147, 153, 195, 217, 219.

Jarke, 202.

Jevons, 22, 129.

Johnson, S., 93.

Jones, R., 148, 154.

Jselin, 67.

Jung, 76, 156; II, 53, 101, 173.

Justi, v., 9, 17, 116, 199, 237, 254.

Kant, 11, 87.

Kauffmann, 3, 9, 126.

Kautz, 29.

Kees, v. 194.

King, Ch., 48.

King, G., 103.

King, Lord, 124.

Knapp, 246.

Knies, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 18, 28, 42, 89, 95, 107, 116, 117, 139, 169, 189, 213, 265.

Kosegarten, 117, 202.

Kraus, 17, 128, 137, 197, 265.

Krause, 170.

Kröncke, 22, 147.

Krug, L., 192, 254.

Kudler, 49, 128.

Lafitte, 202.

Lang, 22.

Laspeyres, 129.

Lassalle, 45, 84, 163, 196a.

Lau, 245.

Lauderdale, Lord, 8, 9, 50, 51, 99, 103, 104, 106, 117, 128, 132, 147, 200, 214, 217, 221, 231, 263.

Lavergne, L. de, 139.

Law, 42, 96, 101, 107, 115, 116, 117, 121, 123, 127, 254.

Legoyt, 245.

Leib, 48, 237b.

Leibnitz, 13, 114, 140, 254.

Leopoldt, II, 87, 145.

Leplay, 65.

Letronne, 137, 214.

Libanios, 174.

Liebig, J. v., 162.

Linguet, 69, 174.

List, Fr., 45, 46, 50, 64, 98, 154, 260.

Liverpool, Lord, 118, 120, 142.

Livy, 231.

Locke, J., 5, 42, 47, 77, 100, 107, 116, 123, 129, 152, 154, 158, 188, 191, 193, 194, 199, 254.

Lotz, 5, 17, 20, 49, 50, 98, 99, 100, 115, 123, 128, 144, 166, 169, 195, 202.

Louis XIV., 221.

Lowe, 129, 219.

Lueder, 37, 50, 117.

Luther, M., 41, 49, 57, 114, 128, 191, 254.

Mably, 79, 81.

Macculloch, 21, 40, 42, 43, 47, 50, 93, 107, 112, 113, 151, 164, 166, 173, 188, 197, 212, 253, 264.

Machiavelli, 21, 191, 238, 242, 244.

Macleod, 89, 90, 107, 115, 123, 154.

Macpherson, 143.

Malthus, 3, 9, 33, 42, 43, 50, 55, 79, 80, 98, 100, 107, 111, 112, 128, 129, 147, 152, 153, 157, 159, 163, 164, 166, 183, 185, 188, 205, 214, 216, 217, 239, 241, 242, 243, 244, 247, 258, 263.

Malthusians, 217, 254.

Mandeville, 11, 57, 225.

Mangoldt, v., 6, 16, 22, 30, 43, 51, 53, 59, 63, 71, 106, 129, 146, 149, 153, 157, 167, 177, 181, 195, 205, 220.

Mariana, 100, 114, 231.

Marlo, K., 71, 79, 178, 207, 242, 250, 251, 258.

Martineau, H., 176.

Marx, K., 22, 42, 47, 107, 189.

Masius, 237.

Massie, 42.

Melanchthon, 79, 100, 191.

Mélon, 42, 90, 91, 97, 123, 225, 254.

Menander, 174.

Mendelsohn, 77.

Menger, 2, 5, 101, 112.

Mengotti, 50.

Mercier de la Rivière, 22.

Mercantilists, 9, 47, 48, 96, 97, 116, 121, 126, 225, 236, 254; new, 116.

Merivale, 172.

Meyer, G., 246.

Michaelis, 135.

Mill, J., 47, 126, 216.

Mill, J. S., 5, 20, 22, 34, 38, 40, 42, 46, 51, 74, 79, 88, 90, 97, 106, 107, 111, 113, 121, 126, 150, 152, 153, 157, 163, 164, 166, 170, 172, 176, 177, 178, 180, 183, 186, 188, 192, 195, 197, 213, 216, 221, 243, 250, 259, 262, 264.

Minard, 223.

Mirabeau, Marq. de, 95, 97, 98, 117, 144, 147, 191, 210, 214, 254, 263.

Mirabeau, Son, 256.

Mischler, 1.

Mittermaier, 94.

Mohl, R., 242, 253, 258, 259, 262.

Moleschott, 162.

Moncada, 137.

Montaigne, M., 98, 236.

Montanari, 100, 116, 123, 125, 127, 188, 220.

Montchrêtien de Vatteville, 9, 16, 48, 57.

Montecuccoli, 16.

Montesquieu, 37, 77, 89, 95, 116, 118, 123, 185, 192, 199, 205, 220, 221, 237, 238, 240, 248.

Moreau de Jonnès, 18.

Morelly, 79.

Morhof, 19.

Moritz (Marschall von Sachsen), 255.

Morrison, 176, 178.

Mortimer, Th., 173, 175; II, 53.

Morus, Th., 79, 98, 117, 147, 166.

Möser, J., 42, 63, 69, 91, 117, 161, 169, 173, 191, 200, 226, 242, 248, 254, 256.

Müller, Ad., 3, 5, 11, 12, 22, 28, 42, 50, 55, 64, 116, 117, 120, 202.

Mun, Th., 48, 116.

Muret, 239.

Murhard, K., 52.

Nau, 19.

Nebenius, 89, 120, 137, 150, 182, 184, 186, 187, 195, 199, 219.

Necker, 103, 163, 204, 254.

Neri, P., 100, 118, 120.

Neumann, F. J., 6, 16, 100, 246.

Newmarch, 137.

Niebuhr, B. G., 92.

North, Sir D., 9, 12, 47, 48, 97, 98, 114, 116, 121, 123, 152, 154, 179, 191.

Obrecht, 237a;

II, 164.

Oppenheim, 116.

Oresmius, 116, 120.

Ortes, 16, 34, 38, 117, 194, 217, 242.

Owen, R., 66, 128.

Pagnini, 100, 137.

Paley, 50, 254.

Palmieri, 9.

Paoletti, 173.

Paris, Comte de, 176.

Patricius, 48, 246, 254.

Paucton, 143.

Paullus, Jul., 116.

Perikles, 231.

Périn, 11, 254.

Petty, Sir W., 16, 47, 48, 57, 107, 116, 123, 127, 129, 154, 164, 193, 214, 254.

Philemon, 69.

Physiocrates, 5, 8, 47, 49, 97, 101, 106, 128, 147, 154, 159, 214, 221, 225, 254.

(Pinto), 90, 98, 123, 221, 225.

Pitt, 254.

Plato, 9, 12, 21, 23, 42, 57, 61, 62, 79, 116, 190, 211, 250, 251.

---- Eryxias, 116.

Plinius (Major), 71, 79, 117, 120, 225, 231.

Plotinos, 79.

Plutarch, 73.

Pölitz, 17; II, 194.

Pollexfen, 9.

Porter, 129, 205.

Postlethwayt, 173.

Price, 238.

Prittwitz, v., 17, 51, 214, 263.

Proudhon, 5, 66, 70, 77, 81, 82, 85, 97, 185.

Puchta, G. F., 11, 14.

Purves, 253.

Quesnay, 42, 44, 47, 49, 98, 101, 116, 121, 123, 125, 137, 147, 154, 214, 221, 254.

Quételet, 18, 248.

Rae, 45, 59.

Raleigh, Sir W., 140, 241, 252, 254.

Rau, K. H., 3, 5, 6, 9, 20, 22, 33, 38, 42, 43, 49, 50, 58, 64, 101, 106, 109, 110, 111, 112, 116, 118, 120, 129, 131, 137, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 153, 156, 161, 166, 168, 179, 181, 194, 195, 208, 212, 216, 225, 253.

Raumer, F. v., 49.

Raynal, 49, 62, 214.

Read, 195.

Reformers, 47.

Reitemeyer, 135.

Reybaud, 78, 79.

Ricardo, 1, 5, 22, 43, 44, 66, 90, 106, 107, 109, 111, 126, 129, 147, 148, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 157, 164, 173, 175, 183, 184, 185, 186, 188, 195, 197, 201, 202, 212, 216, 263.

Ricardo's School, 47, 128, 157, 183, 197, 200.

Richelieu, 16.

Riedel, 16, 31, 65, 106, 118, 179, 195; II, 139, 187.

Riehl, 41, 56, 169, 230.

Ritter, K., 37.

Rivet, 258.

Rodbertus, 97, 135, 154, 201.

Roesler, 90, 157, 173, 193, 195, 207.

Rossi, 9, 42, 46, 243, 248.

Rössig, 19.

Rousseau, J. J., 16, 57, 62, 79, 169, 202, 205, 229, 254.

Rümelin, 18.

Sadler, Th., 239, 242, 243, 245.

St. Chamans, 8, 90, 116, 123, 144, 214.

St. Just, 79.

St. Simon, 54, 70, 80, 84, 86, 90.

St. Simonists, 54, 70, 80, 84, 86, 90.

Sallustius, 14, 21.

Salmasius, 89, 97, 114, 116, 191, 193.

Sartorius, 29, 128.

Say, J. B., 1, 12, 16, 20, 22, 42, 43, 47, 50, 51, 53, 55, 58, 71, 87, 90, 98, 104, 106, 108, 115, 129, 137, 144, 145, 147, 151, 154, 169, 183, 195, 199, 200, 212, 216, 218, 223, 231, 243, 256, 263.

Say, L., 4, 9.

Scaruffii, 134.

Schäffle, 1, 2, 3, 4, 12, 30, 42, 43, 44, 47, 79, 89, 102, 110, 114, 117, 129, 152, 159, 176, 196a, 207, 208, 218, 246, 250, 251, 258.

Schiller, Fr., 30, 169, 204.

Schleiermacher, 16, 55, 63.

Schlettwein, 128, 145.

Schlazer, U. L. v., 18, 144.

Schlözer, Chr. v., 42, 116, 117, 128, 168, 185, 254.

Schmalz, 17, 19, 152, 195.

Schmitthenner, 42, 44, 50, 54, 95, 99, 108, 116, 117, 121, 224, 253.

Schmoller, 42, 147.

Schön, J., 11, 50, 97, 195.

Schröder, v., 9, 19, 42, 53, 54, 90, 116, 199, 210, 221.

Schulze, F. G., 20, 69, 96.

Schüz, 11.

Scialoja, 13, 17, 38, 41, 51.

Seckendorff, B. L. v., 19, 114, 116, 237, 254.

Seneca, L., 51, 69, 79, 100, 190, 214.

Seneca, M., 251.

Senior, 2, 22, 33, 34, 40, 46, 58, 102, 110, 112, 115, 121, 126, 129, 130, 142, 143, 148, 152, 155, 161, 165, 166, 167, 169, 173, 180, 181, 183, 185, 187, 189, 195, 200, 212, 242.

Serra, 33, 48, 181.

Shakespeare, 191.

Shuckburgh, 132, 137.

Sismondi, 12, 22, 44, 50, 54, 55, 93, 97, 98, 106, 109, 117, 123, 128, 144, 145, 147, 153, 154, 168, 174, 195, 201, 210, 214, 215, 216, 221, 231, 242.

Smith, Ad., 1, 2, 5, 11, 12, 20, 39, 40, 42, 44, 47, 48, 49, 52, 55, 57, 58, 59, 66, 71, 81, 91, 97, 98, 104, 106, 107, 111, 112, 113, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 123, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131, 134, 135, 137, 144, 147, 148, 153, 154, 157, 161, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 171, 172, 174, 176, 179, 183, 185, 186, 192, 193, 195, 197, 202, 213, 214, 218, 221, 226, 236, 238, 242.

Smith, Th., 116, 137.

Socialists, 6, 9, 12, 22, 53, 62, 66, 81, 82, 85, 88, 97, 117, 147, 148, 202, 205, 214, 242, 254, 265.

Soden, Graf, 16, 51, 92, 129, 194, 212.

Soetbeer, 138.

Socrates, 9, 71, 100, 250, 251.

Solera, 120.

Solly, 214.

Sonnenfels, v., 160, 194, 254.

Spinoza, 88, 254.

Spittler, 81.

Stahl, F. J., 24, 78.

Stein, K. v., 254, 265.

Stein, L. v., 14, 16, 46, 79, 98, 207.

Steinlein, 30, 47, 61.

Steuart, Sir J., 16, 20, 25, 34, 42, 71, 100, 104, 117, 123, 127, 134, 137, 147, 157, 199, 201, 213, 224, 239, 242, 253, 254, 263.

Stoics, 72.

Storch, H., 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 17, 27, 46, 50, 53, 55, 62, 71, 91, 96, 106, 115, 116, 117, 120, 145, 147, 165.

Strabo, 37, 61.

Struensee, v., 90, 96, 119, 210.

Süssmilch, 239, 245, 247, 254, 256.

Tacitus, 41, 238, 250, 251.

Temple, Sir W., 41, 57, 98, 104, 115, 157, 185, 188, 214, 222, 231, 254.

Tengoborsky, 40, 139.

Thaer, 69, 112, 129, 131.

Thiers, 77.

Thomas, Aquin, 21, 49, 57, 191.

Thomasius, Chr., 19, 114.

Thornton, H., 101, 123, 125, 193.

Thornton, W., 164, 166, 176, 253.

Thucydides, Pref., 16, 36, 63, 229.

Thünen, v., 22, 106, 117, 149, 151, 154, 158, 161, 165, 173, 178, 183, 195.

Tocqueville, 71.

Tooke, Th., 100, 103, 104, 107, 108, 109, 112, 113, 123, 128, 137, 139, 157, 179, 188, 193.

Torrens, 9, 58, 107, 126, 130, 157, 164, 260, 262.

Townsend, 242.

Tucker (Progress of the U. S.), 71.

Tucker, J., 1, 16, 54, 57, 97, 98, 102, 130, 200, 216, 219, 254, 256, 262.

Turgot, 5, 9, 37, 42, 47, 49, 57, 70, 71, 90, 92, 95, 115, 116, 117, 152, 159, 163, 178, 188, 191, 193, 194, 221, 232.

Twiss, 121.

Ulloa, 116.

Umpfenbach, 39, 82, 152, 173.

Ure, 173, 176.

Ustariz, 241.

Varro, 71.

Vasco, 192, 194.

Vauban, 9, 78, 147, 254.

Vaughan, R., 107.

Verri, 8, 9, 16, 42, 49, 55, 97, 98, 100, 101, 116, 123, 159, 205, 214, 232, 254.

Viaaxnes, 191.

Villegardelle, 81.

Virgilius, 117.

Voltaire, 11, 98, 210, 225, 254, 255.

Wagner, Ad., 13, 90.

Wakefield, D., 51, 64, 89.

Wakefield, E. G., 130, 185, 259.

Walker, A., 151, 152, 176, 195, 202, 206, 242.

Wallace, 242.

Wappäus, 246, 248.

Watts, 176.

Weinhold, 258.

Weishaupt, 214.

Wells, 10.

West, 154.

Weyland, 242, 243.

Whately, 17, 21, 110, 149.

Wirth, M., 185.

Wit, J. de, 92, 108.

Wolf, Chr. v., 175, 256.

Wolkoff, 35, 42, 43, 161, 186.

Woodward, 88.

Xenophon, 9, 21, 57, 98, 100, 116.

Young, A., 32, 40, 42, 110, 137, 143, 242, 254.

Zachariä, K. S., 29, 37, 83, 87, 97, 128, 214, 229.

Zeno, 98.

Zincke, 49.

Zwinglius, 191.

DAVID ATWOOD, STEREOTYPER AND PRINTER, MADISON, WIS.

Transcriber's Notes:

Footnotes were moved to the end of the section to which they pertain. Because footnote numbers in the original begin at '1' for each section, the section number has been added before the footnote number, e.g. the first footnote in section 156 appears as: [156-1].

The square root symbol is indicated by 'sqrt' followed by the figure in parentheses.

In Footnote 174-8, the year '1700' in column B is as printed in the original, but may be a typo for '1800.' Column header codes were added to the tables in Footnotes 247-4 and 253-4 so that the tables would fit the page in standard view.

Punctuation, including accents in French and Spanish, was standardized. Hyphenated words were standardized. For consistency with the remaining text, an umlaut was added to 'coöperate.' Duplicate words, e.g. 'the the,' were removed. Obsolete and alternative spellings were retained.

Other changes: Section Footnote Alteration 145 - 'praticable' to 'practicable' 145 4 - 'higly' to 'highly' 146 1 - 'innocousness' to 'innocuousness' 154 7 - 'analagous' to 'analogous' 156 2 - 'diffcult' to 'difficult' and header added to right columns of table for clarity 161 4 - beginning of word, line 12 is missing. 162 'CXLII' to 'CLXII' 163 'themslves' to 'themselves' 164 5 - 'Sclavic' to 'Slavic' 167 8 - 'Hildebraud' to 'Hildebrand' 169 8 - '80' to '0.80' francs 174 2 - 'collossal' to 'colossal' 175 1 - 'domicil' to 'domicile' 176 1 - 'Spiers' to 'Spires' ('Speyer' in German) 177 4 - 'Eninb.' to 'Edinb.' 177 8 - 'tradesmens'' to 'tradesmen's' 178 5 - 'anterest' to 'interest' 183 4 - added '5' to '5/12'; numerator is blank in the original. 184 3 - 'Haudbuch' to 'Handbuch' 185 2 - 'Peleponnesian' to 'Peloponnesian' 186 9 - 'Staatswirthschatliche' to 'Staatswirthschaftliche' 191 10 - 'Samalsius' to 'Salmasius' 192 3 - 'analagous' to 'analogous' 193 - 'exceeedingly' to 'exceedingly' 194 1 - 'Confedration' to 'Confederation' 205 6 - 'anuum' to 'annum' 205 8 - in last paragraph, added decimal to '131.2' 207 4 - 'capaple' to 'capable' 207 8 - 'passsionnées' to 'passionnées' 208 4 - anchor missing in original; placed in likely position. 212 - 'pnrposes' to 'purposes' 213 1 - 'Smilh' to 'Smith' 213 3 - 'analagous' to 'analogous' 214 - 'civlization' to 'civilization' 214 8 - 'carricature' to 'caricature' and 'rêciprocquement' to 'réciproquement' 217 - 'but' to 'butt' ... butt-ends of the gun ... 219 2 - 'partment' to 'department' 220 5 - 'Similarlly' to 'Similarly' 221 2 - 'Lois' to 'Louis' 224 - 'itfelf' to 'itself' 228 13 - 'childrens'' to 'children's' 230 3 - 'candalabras' to 'candelabras' 231 1 - 'accounr' to 'account' 232 - 'palateable' to 'palatable' 232 5 - anchor missing in original; placed in likely position. 234 3 - 'as' to 'an' ... as an excuse. 235 - 'in stead' to 'instead' 237 2 - 'ærarium' to 'ærarian' 237a 5 - 'capiital' to 'capital' 237b 2 - 'chimnies' to 'chimneys' 237c 2 - 'Silesea' to 'Silesia' 237d 6 - 'Rheinish' to 'Rhenish' 238 1 - 'Teleogically' to 'Teleologically' 238 1 - 'Worterbuche' to 'Wörterbuch' 239 2 - 'sociétié' to 'société' and 'diviseé' to 'divisée' 239 3 - 'Enquéte ... occulte' to 'Enquête ... occultes' 240 - 'uniformily' to 'uniformly' 242 - 'incontestibly' to 'incontestably' 242 - 'grevious' to 'grievous' 242 5 - 'imposees' to 'imposées' 242 10 - 'Chateanneuf' to 'Châteauneuf' 242 10 - 'Familes' to 'Familles' 242 15 - 'Reflessioni ... Populazione' to 'Riflessioni ... Popolazione' 243 7 - 'extraordinay' to 'extraordinary' 244 5 - 'Germanans' to 'Germans' 244 6 - 'civtilzed' to 'civilized' 245 5 - added 'of' to phrase '... one of the principal ...' 245 8 - 'Persannes' to 'Persanes' 245 12 - 'Prussaia' to 'Prussia' 246 11 - 'Gessellschaft' to 'Gesellschaft' 247 7 - 'Pommeranian' to 'Pomeranian' 248 8 - 'geater' to 'greater' 249 3 - 'legitamatized' to 'legitimatized' 249 7 - 'Vicbahn' to 'Viebahn' 249 10 - 'Chatelet' to 'Châtelet' 249 14 - 'Mediceinische' to 'Mediceische' 249 15 - 'Duchatelet' to Du Châtelet' 250 3 - 'frauzösischen' to 'französischen' 250 4 - 'Plutatch' to 'Plutarch' 250 5 - 'Thesmophoriazasuses' to 'Thesmophoriazusae' 250 7 - 'rennaissance' to 'renaissance' 250 7 - 'Pausam.' to 'Pausan.' 250 10 - 'Weltjkonomie' to 'Weltökonomie' 251 - 'p lyandry' to 'polyandry' 251 2 - 'transkaukasia' to 'Transkaukasia' 252 1 - 'Litthuanian' to 'Lithuanian' 253 - 'earlist' to 'earliest' and 'manifest' to 'manifests' 253 1 - 'Akadamie' to 'Akademie' 253 7 - 'Schmithenner' to 'Schmitthenner' 254 2 - 'Politche' to 'Politiche' 254 4 - 'Phillippe' to 'Philippe' 256 8 - 'Freidrichs' to 'Friedrichs' 256 9 - 'Salsburg' to 'Salzburg' 256 10 - 'end' to 'und' 256 12 - 'Spiers' to 'Spires' 258 17 - 'Un' to 'An'; 'Milleleuropa' to 'Mitteleuropa'; and 'kultivirten' to 'kultivieren' 259 5 - 'Sclavic' to 'Slavic' 262 2 - 'Appollo' to 'Apollo' 262a 4 - 'Appenines' to 'Apennines' 262a 6 - 'bivouacing' to 'bivouacking' 263 1 - 'histoirique' to 'historique' 264 2 - 'controvery' to 'controversy' Apx 2 1 - 'ausgebeuteteten' to 'ausgebeuteten' 2 1 3 - 'univesrsalissima' to 'universalissima' 2 1 5 - 'commerzio' to 'commercio' 2 2 12 - 'Mauth' to 'Maut' 2 4 - 'Realisirung' to 'Realisierung' 2 4 3 - 'Menreinfuhr' to 'Mehreinfuhr' 2 5 5 - 'an' to 'au' 2 6 1 - 'Astarta' to 'Astarte' 2 6 4 - 'Nymweg' to 'Nijmegen' 3 4 7 - 'resourcess' to 'resources' 3 7 1 - 'repressailles' to 'représailles' and 'Mercantilsystem' to 'Merkantilsystem' Index 'Obrecht, 238a' to 'Obrecht, 237a'