Part 55

Journal des Fabricants de Sucre, 1895, No. 33.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 2, p. 387: Agricultural Science, Feb. 1892.

American Chemical Journal, Vol. 13, p. 24.

Tucker; Manual of Sugar Analysis, p. 287: Wiechmann; Sugar Analysis, p. 51.

Sidersky; vid. op. cit., 14, p. 197.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 18, p. 81: Allen; Commercial Organic Analysis, Vol. 1, p. 291.

Handbuch der Physiologisch- und Pathologisch-Chemischen Analyse, S. 286.

Kühne und Chittenden; American Chemical Journal, Vol. 6, p. 45.

Vid. op. cit. supra, p. 289.

Analyst, Vol. 13, p. 64.

Journal American Chemical Society, Vol. 18, p. 438.

School of Mines Quarterly, Vols. 11 and 12.

In a later method (School of Mines Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 3) Wiechman describes the separation of the sugars by one polariscopic and two gravimetric determinations, one before and one after inversion. The polariscopic examination is made in a ten per cent solution at a temperature of 20°. The gyrodynats of sucrose, dextrose and levulose at the temperature mentioned are fixed at 66.5, 53.5 and -81.9 respectively. The gravimetric determinations are conducted according to the methods already described. In the formulas for calculating the results a represents sucrose, b reducing sugars, x the dextrose, y the levulose, and d the observed polarization expressed in degrees angular measure. The gyrodynats of sucrose, dextrose and levulose divided by 100 are represented by s, d and l. The calculations are made from the following formulas:

(as + xd) - yl = p. (as + xd) = p + yl. xd = p + yl - as.

p + yl - as x = -----------------. d

In this calculation the gyrodynat of levulose is about ten degrees lower than that of most authorities.

Vid. op. cit., 23, Band 24, S. 869.

Vid. op. cit. supra, 1888, S. 782.

Neue Zeitschrift für Rübenzucker-Industrie, Band 35, S. 166.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 2, p. 399: Science, Oct. 1, 1881: Proceedings American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1881, p. 61: Sugar Cane, Vol. 13, p. 533, pp. 61-66.

Wiley and McElroy; Agricultural Science, Vol. 6, p. 57.

Chemical News, Vol. 46, p. 175.

Vid. op. cit, 14, p. 352.

Vid. op. et loc. cit., 41.

Vid. op. cit., 41, Vol. 65, p. 169.

Zeitschrift des Vereins für die Rübenzucker-Industrie, 1884, S. 854.

Bulletin 46, Division of Chemistry, U. S. Department of Agriculture, p. 60.

The Analyst, Vol. 20, p. 121.