Part 10

+--------+---------------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | | | of +--+---+---+---+---+--+--+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.|1¾| 2 | 2¼| 2½|2¾ | 3|3¼|3½| | | | +--------+--+---+---+---+---+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+ | 2¼ | 3| 30| 12| 17| 4| 1| | | 67 | 2.22 | .03 | | 2⅜ | 4| 40| 50| 46| 24| 5| 1| | 170 | 2.35 | .02 | | 2½ | 4| 32| 34| 47| 26| 8| 2| 1| 154 | 2.40 | .10 | | 2⅝ | 2| 11| 21| 41| 28| 3| 2| | 108 | 2.47 | .15 | | 2¾ | 1| 5| 2| 9| 7| 6| 1| | 31 | 2.56 | .19 | | 2⅞ | | 4| 7| 8| 6| 1| | | 26 | 2.43 | .44 | | 3 | | 3| 1| 5| 5| 1| | | 15 | 2.50 | .50 | +--------+--+---+---+---+---+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+ |Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | | | |means, | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2.50|14|125|127|173|100|25| 6| 1| 571 | 2.39 | .11 | +--------+--+---+---+---+---+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+

TABLE 29.—Summary of the results of thirteen generations of minus selection, based on Tables 16-28.

+-------------------------------------------------------------------+ |Generation. | |No. of offspring. | | |Mean, parents. | | | |Mean, offspring. | | | | |Standard deviation, | | | | |parents. | | | | | |Standard deviation, | | | | | |offspring. | | | | | | |Correlation, | | | | | | |parents-offspring. | | | | | | | |Absolute regression of | | | | | | | |offspring on parents. | | | | | | | | |Advance of | | | | | | | | |parents. | | | | | | | | | |Advance of | | | | | | | | | |offspring. +------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-----+-----+------+ | 1 | 5 | 1.46 | 1.00 | .208 | .515 | | .46 | | | | 2 | 13 | 1.41 | 1.07 | .342 | .493 |-.033 | .34 |-.05 | .07 | | 3 | 19 | 1.56 | 1.18 | .196 | .484 | .206 | .38 | .15 | .11 | | 4 | 32 | 1.69 | 1.28 | .190 | .460 | .020 | .41 | .13 | .10 | | 5 | 70 | 1.73 | 1.41 | .233 | .500 | .184 | .32 | .04 | .13 | | 6 | 1,25 | 1.86 | 1.56 | .185 | .488 | .164 | .30 | .13 | .15 | | 7 | 1,68 | 2.01 | 1.73 | .132 | .352 | .143 | .28 | .15 | .17 | | 8 | 1,72 | 2.05 | 1.80 | .107 | .283 | .094 | .25 | .04 | .07 | | 9 | 1,59 | 2.11 | 1.92 | .184 | .285 | .059 | .19 | .06 | .12 | | 10 | 1,45 | 2.18 | 2.01 | .255 | .242 | .158 | .17 | .07 | .09 | | 11 | 98 | 2.30 | 2.15 | .229 | .349 | .081 | .15 | .12 | .14 | | 12 | 1,03 | 2.44 | 2.23 | .310 | .372 | .406 | .07 | .14 | .08 | | 13 | 57 | 2.50 | 2.39 | .177 | .317 | .235 | .11 | .06 | .16 | | +------+------+------+------+------+------+-----+-----+------+ |Total.|11,704| | | | | | | | | +------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-----+-----+------+

TABLE 30.—Mean grade and number of offspring produced by parents of a particular grade in each generation of the minus selection series, based on Tables 16-28. The grade of the parents is indicated at the head of each column. In the body of the table is recorded the mean grade of the offspring (in light-faced figures) and the number of offspring (in =heavy-faced figures=).

+------+------------------------------------------------+----------+ |Generation. | | | | Grade of parents; below, | | | | grade and number of their | Total | | | offspring. | number | | +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+------+-----+ of | | | 1¼ | 1⅜ | 1½ | 1⅝ | 1¾ | 1⅞ | 2 | 2⅛ |offspring.| +------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+------+-----+----------+ | 1 |1.34 | .85 |1.37 | | |1.05 | | | | | | =8=| =31=| =6=| | | =10=| | | =55= | | 2 |1.17 |1.45 |1.11 |0.67 |1.09 |1.10 | | | | | | =17=| =5=| =37=| =3=| =27=| =12=| | | =132= | | 3 |1.05 |1.04 |1.31 |1.22 |1.26 |1.96 | | | | | | =20=| =28=| =28=| =48=| =63=| =3=| | | =195= | | 4 |1.56 |1.16 |1.31 |1.36 |1.34 |1.18 | 1.36 | | | | | =4=| =29=| =59=| =40=| =93=| =95=| =9=| | =329= | | 5 | |1.50 |1.25 |1.35 |1.30 |1.64 | 1.52 |1.80 | | | | | =51=| =53=| =54=|=262=|=143=| =109=| =5=| =701= | | 6 | | |1.34 |1.46 |1.49 |1.59 | 1.58 |1.52 | | | | | | =24=| =94=|=244=|=502=| =283=| =85=| =1,252= | | 7 | | | |1.55 |1.67 |1.65 | 1.72 |1.74 | | | | | | | =5=| =32=|=330=| =969=|=260=| =1,680= | | 8 | | | | | |1.84 | 1.81 |1.86 | | | | | | | | | =19=|=1170=|=377=| =1,726= | | 9 | | | | | | | 1.90 |1.93 | | | | | | | | | | =811=|=403=| =1,591= | | 10 | | | | | | | 1.96 |2.00 | | | | | | | | | | =478=|=474=| =1,451= | | 11 | | | | | | | 2.08 |2.15 | | | | | | | | | | =51=|=183=| =984= | | 12 | | | | | | | 1.98 |2.14 | | | | | | | | | | =10=|=118=| =1,037= | | 13 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | =571= | | | | | | | | | | +----------+ | | | | | | | | | | =11,704= | +------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+------+-----+----------+

+------+-----------------------------------------+----------+ |Generation. | | | | Grade of parents; below, | | | | grade and number of their | Total | | | offspring. | number | | +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ of | | | 2¼ | 2⅜ | 2½ | 2⅝ | 2¾ | 2⅞ | 3 |offspring.| +------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----------+ | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | =55= | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | =132= | | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | =195= | | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | =329= | | 5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | =701= | | 6 | | |1.82 | | | | | | | | | | =11=| | | | | =1,252= | | 7 |1.93 |1.62 |1.88 |2.28 |1.87 | | | | | | =41=| =4=| =15=| =18=| =6=| | | =1,680= | | 8 |1.87 |1.87 |1.92 |1.67 | | | | | | | =36=| =30=| =17=| =6=| | | | =1,726= | | 9 |1.93 |1.91 |2.07 | | | | | | | |=148=|=175=| =53=| | | | | =1,591= | | 10 |2.04 |2.05 |2.13 |2.15 |1.95 |2.18 | | | | |=217=|=119=| =67=| =49=| =27=| =20=| | =1,451= | | 11 |2.13 |2.16 |2.21 |2.20 |2.26 |1.95 | | | | |=318=|=268=| =81=| =52=| =26=| =5=| | =984= | | 12 |2.15 |2.11 |2.24 |2.32 |2.45 |2.51 |2.65 | | | |=166=|=230=|=242=|=137=| =42=| =53=| =35=| =1,037= | | 13 |2.22 |2.35 |2.40 |2.47 |2.55 |2.43 |2.50 | | | | =67=|=170=|=154=|=108=| =31=| =26=| =15=| =571= | | | | | | | | | +----------+ | | | | | | | | | =11,704= | +------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----------+

TABLE 31.—Results of a first return selection from generation 6, minus series.

+--------+-----------------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | | | of +--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.| 0| ¼| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½|-1¾|-2| | | | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+ | ⅜ | | 2| 1| | 3| 4| 8| 8| | 26 | 1.08 | -.60 | | ⅝ | 2| 2| 3| 4|10| 14| 17| 20| 4| 76 | 1.33 | -.71 | | ¾ | | | | 1| 1| | 2| 1| | 5 | 1.30 | -.65 | | ⅞ | | | 2| | 2| | 1| 4| 2| 11 | 1.41 | -.63 | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+ |Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | | | | |means, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | .60| 2| 4| 6| 5|16| 18| 28| 33| 6| 118 | 1.28 | -.68 | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+

TABLE 32.—Results of a second return selection from generation 6, minus series.

+--------+-------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade |Grade of offspring.| | | | | of +--+--+--+--+---+---+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.| 0| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½| | | | +--------+--+--+--+--+---+---+-------+------+-----------+ | ½ | 1| 3| 4| 5| 2 | 4 | 19 | .95 | -.45 | +--------+--+--+--+--+---+---+-------+------+-----------+

TABLE 33.—Results of a third return selection from generation 6, minus series.

+--------+-----------------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | | | of +--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.| 0| ¼| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½|-1¾|-2| | | | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+ | ¼ | | 5| 2| 2| 3| | 1| | | 13 | .63 | -.38 | | ⅜ | 2| 2| 3| 5| 4| | 2| 3| | 21 | .86 | -.49 | | -1⅛ | | | | | 1| 2| 3| 4| 3| 13 | 1.61 | -.49 | | -1¼ | | | 1| 2| 4| 9| 8| 5| 2| 31 | 1.35 | -.10 | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+ |Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | | | | |means, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | .83| 2| 7| 6| 9|12| 11| 14| 12| 5| 78 | 1.14 | -.31 | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+

TABLE 34.—Results of a fourth return selection from generation 6, minus series.

+--------+-----------------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | | | of +--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.| 0| ¼| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½|-1¾|-2| | | | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+ | ¼ | 1| | 2| 1| 1| 4| 2| 3| 2| 16 | 1.34 | -1.09 | | ½ | | 1| 1| 1| 2| | | | | 5 | .70 | -.20 | | ⅝ | | | 1| 1| | 1| | | | 3 | .83 | -.21 | | ¾ | 1| 1| | 1| | 2| 1| | | 6 | .83 | -.08 | | ⅞ | 1| | 2| | 2| 2| 2| | 1| 10 | 1.17 | -.30 | | -1 | | | | | 2| 1| 3| 3| 1| 10 | 1.42 | -.42 | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+ |Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | | | | |means, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | .63| 3| 2| 6| 4| 7| 10| 8| 6| 4| 50 | 1.17 | -.54 | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+

TABLE 35.—Results of a fifth return selection from generation 6, minus series.

+--------+-------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade |Grade of offspring.| | | | | of +--+--+--+--+---+---+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.| 0| ¼| ½| ¾|-1¼|-1½| | | | +--------+--+--+--+--+---+---+-------+------+-----------+ | ¼ | | | | 2| 2| | 4 | 1.00 | -.75 | | ¾ | 1| | | | | 3| 4 | 1.12 | -.37 | | ⅞ | 2| 2| 1| | | | 5 | .25 | +.62 | +--------+--+--+--+--+---+---+-------+------+-----------+ |Totals | | | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | |means, | | | | | | | | | | | .65| 3| 2| 1| 2| 2| 3| 13 | .75 | -.10 | +--------+--+--+--+--+---+---+-------+------+-----------+

TABLE 36.—Results of a sixth return selection from generation 6, minus series.

+--------+------------------------------------------+--------------------+ | Grade | Grade of offspring. |Totals. | | of +---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+ Means. | |parents.|+1¼|+1|+¾|+½|+¼| 0| ¼| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½|-1¾| Regression.| +--------+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+-----+------+-------+ | ⅛ | 1| | 1| | | 3| 2| 1| | 2| 2 | | | 12 | .29 | -.17 | | ¼ | | | | 2| 1| 1| 4| | 1| 4| | | | 13 | .35 | -.10 | | ⅜ | | | | | | | 1| | 2| 1| | 1| 1| 6 | .87 | -.50 | | ½ | | 1| | | | | | 1| 2| 1| | | | 5 | .25 | +.25 | +--------+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+-----+------+-------+ |Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |means, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | .26| 1| 1| 1| 2| 1| 4| 7| 2| 5| 8| 2| 1| 1| 36 | .39 | -.13 | +--------+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+-----+------+-------+

TABLE 37.—Results of a return selection from generation 7, minus series.

+--------+-----------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | | | of +--+--+--+---+---+---+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½|-1¾|-2| | | | +--------+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+ | ¾ | | 1| 3| 3| 7| 8| 3| 25 | | | | ⅞ | 2| 2| 2| | | 2| | 8 | | | +--------+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+ |Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | | |means, | | | | | | | | | | | | .78| 2| 3| 5| 3 | 7| 10| 3| 33 | 1.15 | -.37 | +--------+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+

TABLE 38.—Results of a return selection from generation 8, minus series.

+--------+--------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade | Grade of offspring.| | | | | of +--+--+---+---+---+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½|-1¾|-2| | | | +--------+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+ | ½ | | 1| | 3| 6| 3| 13 | 1.69 | -1.19 | | ⅝ | | 1| | | 9| 3| 13 | 1.21 | - .59 | | ⅞ | | | | | | 2| 2 | 2.00 | - .13 | | -1 | 1| | 2 | 4| 4| 2| 13 | 1.56 | - .56 | +--------+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+ |Totals | | | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | |means, | | | | | | | | | | | .72| 1| 2| 2| 7| 19|10| 41 | 1.51 | - .79 | +--------+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+

TABLE 39.—Results of a return selection from generation 11, minus series.

+--------+-------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade |Grade of offspring.| | | | | of +---+---+---+---+---+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.| ¼|-1¾| -2|-2¼|-2½| | | | +--------+---+---+---+---+---+-------+------+-----------+ | -1⅝ | 1| 3| 7| 3| 2| 16 | 1.95 | -.33 | +--------+---+---+---+---+---+-------+------+-----------+

TABLE 40.—Results of a return selection from generation 6, plus series.

+--------+--------------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | | | of +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.|+½|+¾|+2|2¼|2½|2¾| 3|3¼|3½| | | | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+ | 2 | 1| 1| 3| 3| 2| 2| 3| 1| 1| 17 | 2.36 | -.36 | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+

TABLE 41.—Results of a return selection from generation 11, plus series.

+--------+--------------------------+-------+------+-----------+ | Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | | | of +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.| |parents.|2¼|2½|2¾| 3|3¼|3½|3¾| 4|4¼| | | | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+ | 2⅝ | 2| 3| 2| 5| 5| 1| 1| | | 22 | | | | 2¾ | | | 2| 4| 1| 8| 2| | | 17 | | | | 3 | | | | | | | 4| 4| 1| 9 | | | | 3¼ | | | | 1| | | 3| 1| | 5 | | | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+ |Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | | | | |means, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2.79| 2| 3| 4|10| 6|12|10| 5| 1| 53 | 3.32 | -.53 | +--------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+