CHAPTER XI

Catlin's Letters and Notes on the Manners, Customs, and Condition of the North American Indians, Vol. II, p. 592.

Merrick's Old Times on the Upper Mississippi, p. 187. The following description was given by Philander Prescott, a fur trader:

"The Indians say they had dreamed of seeing some monster of the deep the night before, which frightened them very much. It appears they did not discover the boat until it had got into the mouth of the St. Peter's, below Mr. Sibley's. They stood and gazed with astonishment at what they saw approaching, taking the boat to be some angry god of the water, coughing and spouting water upwards, sideways and forward. They had not courage enough to stand until the boat came near them. The women and children took to the woods, with their hair floating behind them in the breeze, from the speed they were going, in running from supposed danger. Some of the men had a little more courage, and only moved off to a short distance from the shore, and the boat passed along and landed. Everything being quiet for a moment, the Indians came up to the boat again, and stood looking at the monster of the deep. All at once the boat began to blow off steam, and the bravest warriors could not stand this awful roaring, but took to the woods, men, women and children, with their blankets flying in the wind; some tumbling in the brush which entangled their feet as they ran away--some hallooing, some crying, to the great amusement of the people on board the steamboat."--Quoted in the Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. III, p. 104, note 1.

Beltrami's A Pilgrimage in Europe and America, Vol. II, p. 199.

Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. II, pp. 191-193.

Beltrami published an account of his travels in French in New Orleans in 1824. The English version is entitled A Pilgrimage in Europe and America, leading to the Discovery of the Sources of the Mississippi and Bloody River, and was published in London in two volumes in 1828. It is composed of twenty-two letters addressed to "My Dear Countess" and dedicated "to the Fair Sex".

Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. VI, p. 101.

The story of this exploration was published under the title of Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's River, Lake Winnepeek, Lake of the Woods, Etc. performed in the year 1823, by order of the Hon. J. C. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of Stephen H. Long, U. S. T. E. It was written by Professor Keating from the notes of the party. An English edition appeared in London in 1825. The references given are to this publication.

J. C. Calhoun to Major Long.--Taliaferro Letters, Vol. I, No. 41.

Keating's Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's River, Vol. I, p. 324, Vol. II, p. 112.

Keating's Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's River, Vol. I, pp. 306-310.

Keating's Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's River, Vol. I, p. 356.

Auto-biography of Maj. Lawrence Taliaferro in the Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. VI, p. 241.

Beltrami's A Pilgrimage in Europe and America, Vol. II, p. 414.

"My head was covered with the bark of a tree, formed into the shape of a hat and sewed with threads of bark; and shoes, a coat, and pantaloons, such as are used by Canadians in the Indian territories, and formed of original skins sewed together by thread made of the muscles of that animal, completed the grotesque appearance of my person."--Beltrami's A Pilgrimage in Europe and America, Vol. II, p. 481. For a short summary of Beltrami's work see the Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. II, pp. 183-196.

Keating's Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's River, Vol. II, p. 200.

Catlin's North American Indians, Vol. II, pp. 599-602.

Catlin's North American Indians, Vol. II, pp. 602-607. This quotation is from page 607.

Senate Documents, 1st Session, 24th Congress, Vol. IV, Document No. 333.

Featherstonhaugh's A Canoe Voyage up the Minnay Sotor, Vol. I, p. 262.

Auto-biography of Maj. Lawrence Taliaferro in the Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. VI, p. 246.

Featherstonhaugh's A Canoe Voyage up the Minnay Sotor, Vol. I, pp. 261, 266, 288.

Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. I, pp. 187, 188.

Executive Documents, 2nd Session, 28th Congress, Vol. II, Document No. 52, p. 53.

Brower's The Mississippi River and its Source which comprises Vol. VII of the Minnesota Historical Collections. See p. 162.

Auto-biography of Maj. Lawrence Taliaferro in the Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. VI, pp. 242-245; Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. I, p. 189.

In his reminiscences John C. Fremont has left a very interesting account of these two expeditions.--Fremont's Memoirs of My Life, Vol. I, pp. 30-54.

Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. I, p. 183.

Minnesota Historical Collections, Vol. II, pp. 129, 133, 134.

Neill's The History of Minnesota (Fourth Edition), pp. 914, 915.

North Western Gazette and Galena Advertiser, June 26, 1840.

North Western Gazette and Galena Advertiser, June 5, 1840.

Louisville Journal quoted in the North Western Gazette and Galena Advertiser, June 14, 1838.

Jackson Kemper was appointed missionary bishop of the Northwest in 1835 and held the position until 1859 when he accepted the bishopric of Wisconsin. His papers and diaries are in the archives of the Wisconsin Historical Society. For an account of his work see Tiffany's A History of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States, pp. 448, 493.

Kemper Papers, Vol. XXVII, No. 113.

Kemper Papers, Vol. XXVII, No. 116.