Merck's 1899 Manual of the Materia Medica

Part I Affords At a Glance a Descriptive Survey, in One Alphabetic

series, of the entire Materia Medica to-day in general use by the American profession. Part II contains a summary of Therapeutic Indications for the employment of remedies, arranged according to the Pathologic Conditions to be combated. Part III presents a Classification of Medicaments in accordance with their Physiologic Actions.

The publishers may be allowed to state that they have labored long and earnestly, so to shape this little volume that it shall prove a firm and faithful help to the practitioner in his daily round of duty. They now send it forth in the confident hope that, the more it is put to the test of actual use, the more it will grow in the esteem of its possessor.

CONTENTS.

~Pages 9 to 82.~

~Part First.--THE MATERIA MEDICA, as in actual use to-day by American Physicians.~ (Alphabetically arranged.)

THIS PART EMBRACES all those Simple Medicinal Substances (that is, drugs and chemicals) which are in current and well-established use in the medical practice of this country; or which, if too recently introduced to be as yet in general use, are vouched for by eminent authorities in medical science;--also, the medicinally employed Pharmaceutic Preparations recognized by the United States Pharmacopoeia.

(Added thereto, for the convenience of those practitioners who prescribe them, are Medicamentous Mixtures advertised only to the Profession, but whose composition or mode of manufacture has not been made known with sufficient completeness or exactness to satisfy all members of the Profession. In the selection the publishers have been guided solely by the recognition accorded the various preparations by the Profession, according to the best information obtained.)

There has also been included, under the title of "Foods and Dietetic Preparations," a list of such preparations as are frequently prescribed for infants' diet, or for the sick or convalescent.

OMITTED from the Materia Medica chapter are: Medicaments that have become obsolete, or that are too rarely used to be of general interest; and such new remedies as are not yet safely accredited on reliable authority; also those galenic preparations (syrups, extracts, pills, essences, elixirs, wines, emulsions, etc.) which are not standardized according to the U.S. Pharmacopoeia; likewise all articles that are put up and advertised for self-medication by the lay public.

SEPARATE TITLES in the alphabetic series are accorded, as a rule, to the botanical drugs and other pharmaceutical mother-substances, to proximate principles (alkaloids, glucosides, organic acids, etc.), and to chemical compounds (salts, "synthetics," etc.); while the official galenic preparations, solutions and dilutions, derived from them, are mostly mentioned under the titles of their respective mother-substances. (Thus, for instance, "Dover's Powder" will be found under "Opium," while "Morphine" is described under its own title.)

(Smaller type has been employed--in order to economize space--for botanic drugs, gums, and some others of the older drugs and preparations which are so long and well known that but little reference will need be made to them.)

(Those substances of the Materia Medica which can be had of the MERCK brand are--for the convenience of prescribers--so designated).

* * * * *

~Pages 83 to 184.~

~Part Second.--THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS for the use of the Materia Medica and other agents.~ (Arranged alphabetically under the titles of the various Pathologic Conditions.)

THIS PART SUMMARIZES in brief form, the principal means of treatment for each form of disease, as reported to be in good use with practitioners at the present time. The statements hereon are drawn from the standard works of the leading modern writers on Therapeutics, and supplemented--in the case of definite chemicals of more recent introduction--by the reports of reputable clinical investigators.

* * * * *

~Pages 185 to 192.~

~Part Third.--CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICAMENTS according to their Physiologic Actions.~ (Arranged alphabetically under the titles of the Actions.)

THIS PART RECAPITULATES, for ready survey, such statements as are already given in "PART I," as to the modes of action of the various medicaments.

INDEX.

THE MATERIA MEDICA, as in actual use to-day by American Physicians. (See pages 9 to 82.)

THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS for the use of the Materia Medica and other agents. (See pages 83 to 184.)

CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICAMENTS according to their Physiologic Actions. (See pages 185 to 192.)

* * * * *

For Details, see Descriptive Table of Contents, on pages 6 and 7.

* * * * *

ABBREVIATIONS.

alm. = almost amorph. = amorphous arom. = aromatic comp. = compound cryst. = crystals or crystalline D. = dose decoct. = decoction dil. = dilute or diluted emuls. = emulsion ext. = extract extern. = externally F.E. or fl. ext. = fluid extract fl. dr. = fluid dram grn. = grain or grains infus. = infusion inject. = injection insol. = insoluble intern. = internally lin. = liniment liq. = liquid or liquor Max. D. = maximum dose min. or [min.] = minim or minims odorl. = odorless oint. = ointment oz. = ounce or ounces powd. = powder q.v. = which see (quod vide) sl. = slightly sol. = soluble or solubility solut. = solution spt. = spirit syr. = syrup tastel. = tasteless tr. = tincture wh. = white 3 t., 4 t. = 3 times, 4 times

MERCK'S 1899 MANUAL.

PART FIRST.

THE MATERIA MEDICA,

AS IN ACTUAL USE TO-DAY BY AMERICAN PHYSICIANS.

Reader please note:--

The ~GALENIC PREPARATIONS~ of the United States Pharmacopoeia, when not listed under their own titles, will be found under the titles of the drugs from which they are derived.

~FOODS AND DIETETIC PRODUCTS~ proper will be found under the title: "Foods"; while Digestants, Hematinics, etc., are listed under their own titles.

~SMALL TYPE~ is employed for botanic drugs, gums, and some others of the older drugs and preparations which are so well known as to require but little description.

Those articles of which the ~MERCK~ brand is on the market, are--for convenience in prescribing--designated accordingly.

~Absinthin Merck.~

ABSINTHIIN--Yellow-brown, amorph. or cryst. powd.; very bitter.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform; slightly in ether; insol. in water.--Bitter Tonic (in anorexia, constipation, chlorosis, etc.).--~Dose:~ 1-1/2--4 grn.

Absinthium--U.S.P.

WORMWOOD.--Dose: 20--40 grn.--Infus. (1--2:64) and oil (D., 1--3 min.) used.

Acacia--U.S.P.

GUM ARABIC.--SOL. in water, insol. in alcohol.--Preparations: Mucilage, Syr.--both vehicles.

~Acetanilid Merck.--U.S.P.--Cryst. or Powd.~

ANTIFEBRIN.--Wh. scales or powd.; odorl.; burning taste.--SOL. in 194 parts water, 5 alcohol, 18 ether; very sol. in chloroform.--Antipyretic, Analgesic, Antirheumatic, Antiseptic.--USES: Intern., fever, rheumatism, headache, alcoholism, delirium, neuralgia, sleeplessness in children, etc.; extern., like iodoform, and as a preservative of hypodermic solutions (1:500).--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn., in powd., alcoholic solut., or hot water cooled down and sweetened to taste. MAX. D.: 15 grn. single, 60 grn. daily.--CAUTION: Avoid large doses in fever!

~Acetyl-phenyl-hydrazine Merck.~

HYDRACETIN; PYRODIN.--Prisms, or tablets: silky luster; odorl.; tastel.--SOL. in 50 parts water; in alcohol, chloroform.--Antipyretic, Analgesic, Antiparasitic--USES: Intern., to reduce fever generally, in rheumatism, etc.; extern., psoriasis and other skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 1/2--3 grn.--EXTERN. in 10% oint.

~Acid, Acetic, Merck.--Glacial.--U.S.P.--99.5%.--C.P.~

Caustic (in warts or corns) and Vesicant. Not used internally.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, magnesia, chalk, soap, oil, etc.

~Acid, Acetic, Merck.--U.S.P.--36%.~

~Dose:~ 15--40 [min.], well diluted.

Acid, Acetic, Diluted--U.S.P.

6 per cent.--~Dose:~ 2--4 drams.

~Acid, Agaricic, Merck.~

AGARIC, LARICIC or AGARICINIC, ACID.--Powd.; odorl.; almost tastel.--SOL. in ether or chloroform; in 130 parts cold and 10 parts boiling alcohol.--Antihidrotic.--USES: Night-sweat of phthisis, and to check the sudorific effects of antipyretics.--~Dose:~ 1/6--1/2 grn., at night, in pills.

~Acid, Arsenous, Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Powder.~

White powd.; odorl.; tastel.--SOL. very slightly in water or alcohol.--Antiperiodic, Antiseptic, Alterative.--USES: Intern., malarial fever, skin diseases, chorea, neuralgia, gastralgia, uterine disorders, diabetes, bronchitis; extern., to remove warts, cancers, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/60--1/30 grn. 4 t. daily.--MAX. D.: About 1/12 grn. single; about 1/6 grn. daily.--Preparation: Solut. (1%).--EXTERN. on neoplasms in large amounts to get quick results: otherwise it is dangerous. Keep from healthy tissues, lest dangerous absorption may occur.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics; stomach pump or siphon if seen immediately; hot milk and water with zinc sulphate or mustard. After vomiting, give milk or eggs, and magnesia in milk. If saccharated oxide of iron or dialyzed iron is handy, use it. If tincture of iron and ammonia water are within reach, precipitate former with latter, collect precipitate on a strainer, and give it wet. Always give antidotes, be the case ever so hopeless.--INCOMPATIBLES: Tannic acid, infusion cinchona, salts of iron, magnesium, etc.

~Acid, Benzoic, from Benzoin,--Merck.--U.S.P.--Sublimed.~

Pearly plates, or needles; aromatic odor and taste.--SOL. in 2 parts alcohol; 3 parts ether; 7 parts chloroform; 10 parts glycerin; 500 parts water. (Borax, or sod. phosphate, increases sol. in water.)--Antiseptic, Antipyretic, Expectorant.--USES: Intern., to acidify phosphatic urine, reduce acidity of uric-acid urine, control urinary incontinence, also in chronic bronchitis and jaundice; extern., wound dressing (1:100), in urticaria, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--40 grn. 6 t. daily.--INCOMPATIBLES: Corrosive sublimate, lead acetate, etc.

~Acid, Boric, Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst. or Impalpable Powder.~

~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Acid, Camphoric, Merck.--C.P., Cryst.~

Colorl. needles or scales; odorl.; feebly acid taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; very slightly in water; 50 parts fats or oils.--Antihidrotic, Antiseptic, Astringent, Anticatarrhal.--USES: Extern., 2--6% aqueous solut., with 11% of alcohol to each 1% of acid, in acute skin diseases, as gargle or spray in acute and chronic affections of respiratory tract; intern., night-sweats, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, gonorrhea, angina, chronic cystitis, etc.--~Dose:~ 8--30 grn., in powd.--MAX. D.: 60 grn.

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