Part 3

VI. Facsimile of a page from The Comparative Anatomy of Trunks, Nehemiah Grew, 1675 52

VII. From Grew's Anatomy. Sheweth the Parts of a Goosberry. Part of a Vine Branch cut transversly, and splitt half way downe y^e midle 56

VIII. Stephen Hales (1759) 65

IX. Plate 18 from Hales's Vegetable Staticks 82

X. John Hill 84

XI. Robert Brown (circa 1856) 108

XII. Sir William Jackson Hooker (1834) 126

XIII. John Stevens Henslow (1851) 151

XIV. John Lindley (1848) 164

XV. William Griffith (1843) 178

XVI. From Griffith's Notulae. Median section of the ovule of Cycas. Nucellar apex of Cycas with pollen chamber and pollen grains 188

XVII. William Henry Harvey 204

XVIII. Miles Joseph Berkeley 225

XIX. Joseph Henry Gilbert 233

XX. Henry Witham of Lartington. 243

XXI. William Crawford Williamson (1876) 246

XXII. Vascular system of stem of Lepidodendron selaginoides in transverse section 250

XXIII. Root of Calamites (Astromyelon Williamsonis) in transverse section 254

XXIV. Cone of Calamostachys Binneyana; sporangia and sporangiophores 256

XXV. Harry Marshall Ward (1895) 261

XXVI. Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (1868) 302

Text-fig. p. 77. Figure from Vegetable Staticks showing a vine with mercury gauges in place to demonstrate root pressure.

INTRODUCTION

The present volume represents in somewhat expanded form a course of lectures arranged by the Board of Studies in Botany of the University of London and delivered during the early part of 1911 in the Botanical Department of University College, London.

These lectures, which were ten in number, were widely attended by advanced and post-graduate students of the University and others interested in the subject.

The ten lectures comprised in the course were delivered by various botanists, the lecturer in each case being either a worker in the same field as, or in some other way having a special qualification to deal with, his allotted subject.

In view of the interest aroused by their delivery the hope found wide expression that the lectures might be issued in book form. At the time when the arrangements were being made for publication the University of London Press had not yet reached the publishing stage, so hospitality had to be sought elsewhere. That the book is issued from the Cambridge University Press is largely due to the good offices of Prof. A. C. Seward.

In consenting to publish The Makers of British Botany the Cambridge University Press suggested that some additional chapters should be prepared so that the work might be more fully representative. This has been done so far as was possible in the time available.