Part 17

The original reads "deigned not," an obvious slip.

This he does by means of a network of threads ¼ inch apart. Pfeffer, Pflanzenphysiologie, ed. 1, 1. p. 142, recommends the method and gives Hales as his authority.

Pflanzenphysiologie, 1865 (Fr. Trans. 1868), p. 254.

He gives it as 15·8 square inches, the only instance I have come across of his use of decimals.

Arbeiten, II. p. 182.

See Sachs' Pflanzenphys. 1865 (Fr. Trans. 1868), p. 257, where the above correction is applied to Hales' work.

Vegetable Staticks, p. 5.

Vegetable Staticks, p. 14.

Vegetable Staticks, p. 41.

Janse in Pringsheinis Jahrb. XVIII. p. 38. The later literature is given by Dixon in Progressus Rei Bot. III., 1909, p. 58.

Compare F. von Höhnel, Bot. Zeitung, 1879, p. 318.

This is also shown by experiment XC, Vegetable Staticks, p. 123.

The method by which Hales proposed to record the depth of the sea is a variant of this apparatus.

Vegetable Staticks, p. 92.

According to Sachs (Geschichte, p. 509) Ray employed this method.

Other facts show that the "gapped" branches did not behave quite normally.

He refers (p. 141) to what is in principle the same experiment (see Fig. 27) as due to Mr Brotherton, and published in the Abridgment of the Phil. Trans. II. p. 708.

He notices that the swelling of the bark is connected with the presence of buds. The only ring of bark which had no bud showed no swelling.

It appears that Mayow made similar experiments. Dict. Nat. Biog. s.v. Mayow.

History of Chemistry, 1909, I. p. 69.

Hales made use of a rough pneumatic trough, the invention of which is usually ascribed to Priestley (Thorpe's History of Chemistry, I. p. 79).

He speaks here merely of the apples used in a certain experiment, but it is clear that he applies the conclusion to other plants.

Vegetable Staticks, p. 313. It should be noted that Hales speaks of organic as well as inorganic substances.

Proc. R. Soc. LXXII., p. 30, 1903.

The above account of Hales' connexion with the Royal Gardens at Kew is from the Kew Bulletin, 1891, p. 289.

I am indebted to Sir E. Thorpe for a definition of statical. "Statical (Med.) noting the physical phenomena presented by organised bodies in contradiction to the organic or vital." (Worcester's Dictionary, 1889.)

Arbeiten, I.

Borelli, De Motu Animalium, Pt II. Ch. xiii. According to Sachs, Ges. d. Botanik, p. 582, Mariotte (1679) had suggested the same idea.