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1841. Heward, Robert. Memoir of the Fireflies of Jamaica. (Verschiedenheit in Emission des Lichtes bei Elater und Lampyris.) The Entomologist, pp. 42–43.

1841. Morren. Sulla Fosforescenza delle Lampiridi noctiluca e splendidula; Atti terza Riunione Scienz. Ital., Firenze, 1841, p. 366. Isis, vii. p. 412, 1843.

1841. Germar. Beiträge zu einer Monographie der Gattung Pyrophorus. Germar’s Zeits. d. Entom. iii. p. 1, 1841. Bemerkungen über Elateriden. Germar’s Zeits. Entom. iv. p. 43, 1843; v. p. 133, 1844.

1841. Erichson. Of Pyrophorus from Cuba (sic). Wilgmann’s Archiv, i. p. 87.

1843. Dowden. Proceedings of the British Association. Light of the Marigold.

1843. Lankester, Dr. E. Luminosity of the Marigold. Gardener’s Chronicle, 1843, p. 691.

1844. Reiche. Note sur les Propriétés lumineuses du Pyrophorus nyctophanes. Ann. de la Soc. ent. franç. (2), ii., Bull., pp. 63–67.

1845. Luminous Vegetables. Proc. Royal Asiatic Society. April, 1845.

1848. Tulasue. Light of Agarics. Annales des Sci. Nat. Paris, 1848. ix. p. 340.

1848. Tulasue. On the Phosphorescence of Vegetables. Ann. des. Sci. Nat., 1848, vol. ix. 340.

1850. Burnett. On the Luminous Spots of the Great Firefly of Cuba (Pyrophorus phosphorus). Proceed. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. iii. pp. 290–291.

1853. De Lacaze-Duthiers. Recherches sur l’Armure génitale femelle des Insectes. Ann. d. Sc. Nat. (3), xix. pl. 3, figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 1853.

1853. Reinhardt, J. F. Twende Jagttagelser af phosphorish Lysning hos en firk og ep Insectlarve. Vidensk Meddel. fra. d. Naturalist. Foren Kjœbenh. for 1854, pp. 60–65. Transact. Entom. Soc., London (2), iii. 1854 (Proceed., pp. 5–8). Zeitschrift f. d. gesammt., Naturw, v. 1855, pp. 208–212.

1855. Van der Hoeven. Einige woorden over het Lichten van den Zuid-Amerika anschen Springkever. Album der Natur, 1855; aflev., 7, pp. 205–212.

1859. Light of Scarlet Verbena. Gardener’s Chronicle, July 6, 1859, p. 604.

1860. Montronzier. Essai sur la Faune entomologique de la Nouvelle Calédonie. Ann. Soc. Entom. Fr., p. 258.

1863. Dr. Hahn. Luminosity of Dictamnus Albus. Journal of Botany, 1863.

1863–65. Caudèze. Monographic des Élatérides; Mém. de la Soc. Roy. d. Sci. de Liège, xvii. pp. 1–76. 1863. Sep. iv. Élatérides vrais, p. 76, pl. i. fig. 3 et fig. 5 à 23.

Id., Élatérides nouveaux. Mém. couron. de l’Acad. Roy. de Belgique, xvii. p. 51. 1865.

1864. Pasteur. Sur la Lumière émise par les Cucujos. Compt. rend., Acad. d. Sc. (2), lix. No. 12, p. 509.

1864. Blanchard (E.). Compt. rend. lix. p. 510, 1864. Métamorphoses, Mœurs et Instincts des Insectes, p. 537. Paris, 1868. Compt. rend. lxxvii., p. 333, 1873.

1865. Milne-Edwards. Leçons d’Anatomie et de Physiologie, viii. leç. 68^e. Paris.

1867. Perkins, G. A. Bericht den “Cucujo” oder Westindischen Leuchtkäfer (Elater noctilucus). Am. Natur., viii. pp. 442, 443.

1868. Murray, Andrew. On an Undescribed Light-giving Coleopter-larva. Soc. Linn., p. 74, pl. i.

1868–74. Thompson, C. Wyville. The Depths of the Sea. Account of the general results of the dredging-cruises of H.M.SS. “Porcupine” and “Lightning.” 1868, 1870, 1874. London.

1869. Smith. Larve von Pyrophorus Uruguay. Proc. Ent., London, p. xv. 1869.

1870. Phipson. Phosphorescence; or, The Emission of Light by Minerals, Plants, and Animals. London, p. 146 et suiv.

1871. Burmeister. Käfer-larve von Parana. Proc. Linn. Soc., xi. p. 416ff.

1871. Leprieur. Soc. entom. de France, Bull., p. 68, à propos d’un passage du voyage à la Nouvelle-Grenade du Dr. Saffray, Tour du Monde, 605^e liv.

1871. Light of Tuberose. Science Gossip, 1871, p. 122.

1872. Fox-fire. Gardener’s Chronicle, 1872, p. 1258.

1872. Heinmann, Carl. Untersuchungen über die Leuchtorgane der bei Vera Cruz vorkommenden Leuchtkäffer. Erste Mittheilung Arch. f. mikrosk. Anat., viii. p. 461.

1873. De Dos Hermanas. Sur las Cucujos de Cuba. Compt. rend., tome lxxvii. p. 333.

1873. Gerard. Les Taupes Lumineux. La Nature, 1^{re} année, p. 337.

1873. Robin et Laboulbéne. Appareil lumineux des Cucujos. Compt. rend. Acad. d. sci. lxxii. p. 511.

1874. Torrend Glover. Report of Entomologist, and Curator of Museum, pp. 152–169, fig. 1 à 10. Habits and Luminosity of Pyrophorus physoderus (fig. 3), compared with P. nocticulus (fig. 4), and Photinus pyralis. K: A luminous Elaterid? larva. Psyche, v. 1.

1874. Beach, A. The Science Record for 1874. A Compendium of Scientific Progress and Discovery during the past year, with illustrations, viii. p. 598, avec fig. New York.

1875. Darwin. Voyage d’un Naturaliste autour du Monde. Paris.

1875. Pickman Mann’s Note on the Luminous Larvæ of Elateridæ (Asaphes memnonius). Psyche, i. p. 89.

1876. Richard Napp. Cours sur les Arthropodes de la Faune de la République Argentine (Lampyrides et Élatérides, p. Weyenbergh). Die Argent. Republik.

1876–77. Wyenbergh, H. Eine leuchtende Käfer-larve. Horæ Soc. Rossicæ, xii. p. 177. xii, p. 177. fig., tab. iv. B.

1881. Gadeau de Kerville, Henri. Les Insectes phosphorescents. Rouen.

1881. Caudeze. Élatérides Nouveaux. Mém. Soc. d. Sc. de Liège, ix. (2).

1882. Bowles. On Luminous Insects. Rep. Entom. Soc., Ontario, pp. 34–37, fig. 16 (figure rep. a Pyrophore).

1883. Macgowan, Dr. Antiquity of Luminous Paint, and Chinese Method of making it. Science, 1883, ii. p. 698.

1884. Becquerel, M. Traité de Physique comparée dans ses Rapports avec la Chimie et les Sciences Naturelles, ii. 1884.

1884. Dubois, Raphaël. Propriété physique de la Lumière des Pyrophores (en commun avec M. Aubert). Acad. des Sci. 1884.

1884. Dubois, Raphaël. Sur la Lumière des Pyrophores. Soc. de Biol. 1884.

1884. Dubois, Raphaël. Note sur la Physiologie des Pyrophores. Soc. de Biol. 1884.

1884. Dubois, Raphaël. Note sur la Phosphorescence des Poissons. Soc. de Biol. 1884.

1884. Dubois (R.) et Aubert. Sur la Lumière des Pyrophores. Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc. Paris, 1884.

1884. Dubois, R. Note sur la Physiologie des Pyrophores. Soc. de Biol., (8), i. No. 40. Paris.

1885. Dubois, R. Fonction photogénique des Pyrophores. Soc. de Biol., (8), ii. No. 30, p. 559. Paris.

1885. Dubois, Raphaël. Note sur l’Action des hautes Pressions sur la Fonction photogénique du Lampyre (en commun avec M. Regnard). Soc. de Biol. 1885.

1886. Dubois, Raphaël. De l’Action de la Lumière émise par les Êtres vivants sur la Rétine et sur les Plaques du gelatine bromure. Soc. de Biol. 1886.

1886. Dubois, Raphaël. Les Élatérides lumineux. Meulan, 1886.

1886. Filhol, M. H. La Vie au Fond des Mers. 96 figures dans le texte et 8 planches hors texte, dont 4 en couleurs.

1886. Zengler, Ch. V. La Phosphora-graphic appliquée à la Photographie de l’Invisible. Paris. Acad. Sci., August, 1886.

1886. Zengler, Ch. V. Études photographiques pour la Reproduction photographique du Ciel. Comptes Rendus, No. 8, Feb. 22, 1886.

1887. Heineman, Ralph. Pyrophores. Vera Cruz, 1887.

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Gosse. Insects of Jamaica. Ueber das Leuchten von Pyrophorus noctilucus. Ann. and Magazine Nat. Hist. (2), i. p. 200.

Journal of the Linnæan Society, vol. x. p. 469.

Josephus. Luminous Roots. Wars of the Jews, book vii. chap. vi.

Leydig, Professor. Bonn, Germany. Phosphorescence of Fishes. 10 plates.

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Macaire. Journal de Physique, tome xciii.

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INDEX.

Æroscope, 155.

Agaric, luminous, 135, et seq.

Agassiz, Mrs., on jelly-fish, 11.

---- Louis, 19.

Baird, William, on Chinese fire-flies, 68.

Baird, Professor S. F., 94.

Balmain’s luminous paint, 164.

Banks, Sir Joseph, on luminous crabs, 75.

Beetles, 47. cannonading, 48. odorous, 48. flesh-eating, 48. grave-digging, 49. Scarabæus, 49. lightning-bugs, 49.

Bellot, Lieut., on luminous crustaceans, 73.

Bennett, D. F., on luminous shark, 100.

Berkeley, Rev. J. M., on fox-fire, 131.

Black swallower, 97.

Blind fishes, 92.

“Blood-rains,” 153.

Bombay duck, 93.

Boon Island, sea-jellies at, 10.

Boring-shells, 40.

Branner, John C., on lantern-fly, 67.

Burning bush, legends of, 129.

Canton’s phosphorus, 156.

Centipedes, 69.

Chalk Cliff, Dover, 3.

“Challenger,” exploring-ship, 24, 31.

China, luminous insects in, 65.

Chinese luminous paint, 164.

Coal-mines, luminosity in, 133.

Collingwood, Dr. Cuthbert, on luminous fungus, 134.

Corals, 21. Col. Pike on their phosphorescence, 21.

Cosmic dust, 148 et seq. composition of, 149.

Crabs, luminous, 72 et seq.

Cranes, phosphorescence of, 109.

Crustaceans, luminous, 72. Lieut. Bellot on, 73. Nordenskiöld on, 73.

Cuttle-fishes, 46.

Cyclops, 73.

Darwin on phosphorescence of Medusæ, 17.

---- on earthworms, 34.

---- on lightning-bugs of South America, 57.

---- on dust-showers, 152.

Deep sea, fishes of, 91 et seq.

Deep-sea shrimps, brilliant colors, 79.

Deep-sea dredging, 93.

Dejean, Gen., story of, 47.

Diatoms, luminous, 128 et seq.

Donovan, luminous insects of India, 68.

Drummond, Mr., on luminous toadstools, 136.

Dubois, Professor Raphael, on phosphorescence, 61.

Dust, luminous, 148.

Dust showers at sea, 152.

Earth-worms, 33. of New Zealand, 33. Darwin on, 34. Roman villas preserved by, 34. of Australia, 35. of India, 35. luminosity, 35.

Echinoderm, nature of, 29.

Finny light-bearers, 91 et seq.

Fireflies, 59 et seq. as ball-room ornaments, 59. as lanterns, 60. spectrum of their light, 61. brilliancy, 52.

Fire-mushroom, 134.

Fish, luminous, 91 et seq.

Fish, dead, phosphorescent, 141.

“Fish-stories,” 97.

Fogs, luminous, 146.

Fox-fire, 131.

Florida Reef, 3, 24. displays of phosphorescence at, 107.

Flowers, luminous, 121.

Frog’s eggs, luminosity of, 114.

Fungus, luminous, 133 et seq.

Gardiner, Mr., on luminous fungus, 135.

Garfish, phosphorescent, 106.

Gecko, luminosity of, 115.

Globerigina, 3.

Goethe on luminosity of poppy, 122.

Gorgonias, 24. Sir Wyville Thompson on, 25. Dr. Holder on, 26.

Günther, Dr., on luminous fish, 92.

Hailstones, luminous, 145.

Homer’s “Iliad,” dust-shower in, 154.

Herons, luminosity of, 113.

Human beings sometimes luminous, 116.

Humboldt on phosphorescence, 6.

Ice, luminous, 146.

Infusoria, 152.

Jaeger, Professor, on luminous beetles, 60.

Jelly-fish. See Medusæ.

Josephus refers to luminosity of plants, 130.

Kane, Dr. E. K., curious instance of luminosity recorded by, 117.

Lantern-flies, 64 et seq.

Legends of the “burning bush,” 129.

Light-emitting organs of Medusæ, 17.

Luminous larvæ, 54 et seq.

Lightning-bugs, 47. Southey, the poet, on, 49. of West India Islands, 50. Gosse on, 51. common, of Eastern United States, 52. common, of Europe, 56.

Luminosity in man, instances of, 116. of plants, 129 et seq.

Luminous organs of lightning-bugs, 55.

---- fishes, 94.

---- fogs, 146.

---- “ink,” 156.

---- marbles, 155.

---- organs of fishes, 98.

---- paint, 157.

---- showers, 144.

Lyell, Sir Charles, on cosmic dust, 152.

Mackerel, luminosity of, 104.

Marigold, luminosity of, 121.

Martyr, Peter, on luminous insects, 62.

Meat, phosphorescent, 141.

Medusæ, or jelly-fish, 10–18. numbers, 11. light-givers, 11. Professor A. Agassiz on, 12. brilliance, 14. Darwin on, 17. Spallanzani on their phosphorescence, 17. Humboldt on, 18.

Menhaden, luminosity of, 103.

Merian, Madame, on the luminosity of Fulgora lanternaria, 66.

Meteors of the sea, 10.

Monkey, luminosity of eyes of, 114.

Moonfish, 105.

Mount Blanc, luminous cap of, 146.

Mushrooms, edible, 138.

Mussel Bay, luminous snow, 74.

Nasturtium, luminosity of, 121.

Noctiluca, 4–9.

Nordenskjöld discovers cosmic dust, 148.

Oban, sea-pens at, 26.

Ogunquit, Me., sunfish at, 104.

Ooze, 3.

Ovideo on luminous insects, 62.

Phantoms, 140.

Pholas, 40.

Phosphorescence of the sea, 6–9.

---- the secret of, 41.

---- of Pyrosoma, 81.

Phosphorescence, its uses, 160.

Pliny, on the luminosity of Pholas, 41.

Polyps, their phosphorescence, 24.

Poppy, luminosity of, 121, 123.

Pteropods, 42.

Pyrosoma, 81 et seq.

Rotifers, 36.

San Gabriel Valley, beetles in, 48.

Sea-anemones, 20.

Sea fans and plumes, 24.

Sea-opossum, 75.

Sea-pen, 26–28.

Sea-slugs, luminous, 44.

Sea-urchins, 29.

Seas of flame, 86 et seq.

Serapis, Temple of, 40.

Shark, luminous, 99 et seq.

Slugs, garden, 45.

Spiders of the sea, luminous, 76.

Squid, 46.

Star-fish, 29–32.

Sugar, flashes of light from, 155.

Sunfish, 104.

Toadstools, luminous, 136.

Touchwood, or fox-fire, 131.

Trepang, 29.

Tulasue, M., on luminous fungus, 134.

Venus’s girdle, 15.

Verbenas, luminosity of, 122.

Water-fleas, 72.

Water-spouts, luminous, 127.

Whales, supposed phosphorescence of, 106.

Worms, marine, 35. phosphorescent, 36–39.

Worrall, Mr. Isaac W., on luminosity of crane, 109.

Transcriber’s Notes:

1. Obvious printers’, punctuation and spelling errors have been corrected silently.

2. Some hyphenated and non-hyphenated versions of the same words have been retained as in the original.

3. Italics are shown as xxx.

4. Bold print is shown as =xxx=.