Part 99

Tin, export of, from Cornwall, iv. 279; mines, i. 30; ii. 107

Tippermuir, battle of, vi. 23

Tippoo, Sultan of Mysore, viii. 131, 140

Tithes, introduction of, i. 84

Tithing, i. 322

Titus Livius, his Gesta Henrici V., ii. 179; iii. 41

Tone, Wolfe, viii. 120

Torbay, William of Orange lands at, vii. 40

Torgau, battle of, vii. 302

"Tories," origin of the name, vi. 315; their policy in 1689, vii. 45, 46; attack Marlborough, 138; their helplessness, 166, 167; withdraw from politics, 167, 168; return, 299; oppose the abolition of the slave-trade, viii. 179; govern during the war with Napoleon, ib., 180

Torres Vedras, Wellington's defence of, viii. 190

Torrington, Arthur Herbert, Earl of. See Herbert

Tortulf the Forester, i. 209

Tostig, Earl of Northumbria, 153, 160-162

Toulon, revolt of, viii. 109

Toulouse, battle of, viii. 202; war of, i. 233, 234

Touraine conquered by the Angevins, i. 212; by Philip Augustus, 269; ceded to France, ii. 63

Tournaments under Edward III., ii. 251

Tournay besieged by Edward III., ii. 228

Tours won by Geoffry Martel, i. 212; by Philip Augustus, 258; council of, 235

Tourville, Admiral, vii. 75, 78

Towns, English, their origin, i. 294, 295; early constitution, 296; common lands, ib.; relation to their lords, ib., 297; administration of justice in, 297, 313; emancipation, 300-302; struggle of classes in, 315-318; their liberties secured by Great Charter, 352; settlement of Friars in, ii. 10, 11; support Simon de Montfort, 68, 69; represented in county court, 73; representatives of, summoned to Parliament, ib.; taxation of, 152, 153; forced labour in, 257; strikes and combinations in, 267; support the House of York, iii. 76; restriction of franchise in, 99-101; Charles II.'s dealings with, vii. 3. See Boroughs

Townshend, Charles, second Viscount, Secretary of State and Prime Minister, vii. 182, 189; resigns, 190; returns to office, 191; Secretary again under Walpole, 193; turned out, 203

Townshend, Charles, vii. 247; takes office under Pitt, 250; deserts him, 303; President of Board of Trade, 310; refuses office under Grenville, 315; accepts it again under Chatham, 341; Chancellor of the Exchequer, viii. 3; death, 4

Townshend's Journal of Parliamentary Proceedings, iv. 5

Township, the Old English, i. 11

Towton, battle of, iii. 79, 80

Trade, English, under Eadgar, i. 138; growth after Norman Conquest, 177; regulated by Great Charter, 352; under Edward I., ii. 106, 107, 122; Richard's II.'s care for, 355; increase in fifteenth century, iii. 106; Edward's IV.'s laws for protection of, ib.; growth under Richard III., iv. 282; under Henry VII., ib.; under Elizabeth, 279-283; v. 77; struggle of the Commons for its freedom, 57, 58; Parliament gains control over, vii. 63; foreign, regulated by Statute of Staples, ii. 292; extension under Charles I., v. 281; effects of the Continental System on, viii. 177; effect of the American embargo on, 183; growth during the French war, 194; with English colonies in America, monopoly of, vii. 195, 241; with India, vii. 232; with Spanish America, 192, 216; Board of, established, 89. See Iron, Tin, Wool, Slave