BOOK III.. The Philosophy of the Mechanical Sciences.

THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE MECHANICAL SCIENCES.

CHAP. I. OF THE MECHANICAL SCIENCES 171

CHAP. II. OF THE IDEA OF CAUSE 173

Art. 1. Not derived from Observation, 2. As appears by its use. 3. Cause cannot be observed. 4. Is Cause only constant succession? 5. Other reasons.

CHAP. III. MODERN OPINIONS RESPECTING THE IDEA OF CAUSE 178

Art. 1. Hume's Doctrine. 2. Stewart and Brown. 3. Kant. 4. Relation of Kant and Brown. 5. Axioms flow from the Idea. 6. The Idea implies activity in the Mind.

CHAP. IV. OF THE AXIOMS WHICH RELATE TO THE IDEA OF CAUSE 184

Art. 1. Causes are Abstract Conceptions. 2. First Axiom. 3. Second Axiom. 4. Limitation of the Second Axiom. 5. Third Axiom. 6. Extent of the Third Axiom.

CHAP. V. OF THE ORIGIN OF OUR CONCEPTIONS OF FORCE AND MATTER 205

Art. 1. Force. 2. Matter. 3. Solidity. 4. Inertia. 5. Application. {xiii}

CHAP. VI. OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PRINCIPLES OF STATICS 212

Art. 1. Object of the Chapter. 2. Statics and Dynamics. 3. Equilibrium. 4. Measure of Statical Forces. 5. The Center of Gravity. 6. Oblique Forces. 7. Force acts at any point of its Direction. 8. The Parallelogram of Forces 9. Is a necessary Truth. 10. Center of Gravity descends. 11. Stevinus's Proof. 12. Principle of Virtual Velocities. 13. Fluids press equally. 14. Foundation of this Axiom.

CHAP. VII. OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS 235

Art. 1. History. 2. The First Law of Motion. 3. Gravity is a Uniform Force. 4. The Second Law of Motion. 5. The Third Law of Motion. 6. Action and Reaction in Moving Bodies. 7. D'Alembert's Principle. 8. Connexion of Statics and Dynamics. 9. Mechanical Principles grow more evident. 10. Controversy of the Measure of Force.

CHAP. VIII. OF THE PARADOX OF UNIVERSAL PROPOSITIONS OBTAINED FROM EXPERIENCE 263

Art. 1. Experience cannot establish necessary Truths; 2. But can interpret Axioms. 3. Gives us the Matter of Truths. 4. Exemplifies Truths. 5. Cannot shake Axioms. 6. Is this applicable in other cases?

CHAP. IX. OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION 272

Art. 1. General course of the History. {xiv} 2. Particulars as to the Law. 3. As to the Gravity of Matter. 4. Universality of the Law. 5. Is Gravity an essential quality? 6. Newton's Rule of Philosophizing. 7. Hypotheses respecting Gravity. 8. Do Bodies act at a distance?

CHAP. X. OF THE GENERAL DIFFUSION OF CLEAR MECHANICAL IDEAS 279

Art. 1. Nature of the Process 2. Among the Ancients. 3. Kepler, &c. 4. Lord Monboddo, &c. 5. Schelling, &c. 6. Common usage. 7. Effect of Phrases. 8. Contempt of Predecessors. 9. Less detail hereafter. 10. Mechanico-Chemical Sciences. 11. Secondary Mechanical Sciences.