Part 3

GROWTH IN THIRTY YEARS.

This is an increase in annual product of 630,948,622 pounds in thirty years, or 212,057,523 pounds more than double the amount, in 1880, that was manufactured in 1850. History records no parallel to this anywhere on the face of the globe.

Let us put some of these figures into tabular form. We had in

Cows Inhabitants

1880 12,443,120 to 50,155,783

1850 6,385,094 to 23,191,876 --------- ---------- Increase in 30 years 6,058,026 26,963,907

We did not quite double the number of cows, but considerably more than doubled the population. The number of inhabitants was, in

1850 3.63 per cow

1880 4.03 "

The increase in 30 years is .40 inhabitant to each cow. That is to say, the population, as compared with the number of cows, was .40 larger in 1880 than it was in 1850.

PRODUCT PER COW AND PER CAPITA.

And now let us compare the product per cow and per capita. It was in

Lbs. per Lbs. per cow capita

1850 418,881,199 lbs., or 65.77 or 18.06 1880 1,049,829,921 lbs., or 84.37 or 20.93 ----- ----- Increase in 30 years 18.60 2.87

HOME CONSUMPTION VS. EXPORTS.

But it should be borne in mind that in 1850 very nearly all our dairy products were consumed at home; whereas in 1880, we exported a large amount. As the exports do not all come in the year of production, we will take the average amount of exports for 1879 and 1880:

Lbs. Butter. Lbs. Cheese.

Exports, 1879 38,248,016 141,654,474 " 1880 39,236,658 127,553,907 ---------- ----------- Divided by 2)77,484,674 269,208,381 ---------- ----------- Yearly average 38,742,337 134,604,190 Add butter and cheese together 38,742,337 ----------- We have a yearly av. export of 173,346,527

pounds of product. If we take this from the total product

of 1880 1,049,829,921 pounds 173,346,527 pounds ------------- we have 876,483,394 pounds

of product for home consumption, or more than five times as much as we export. This is a consumption of 17.47 pounds per capita for our 50,155,783 inhabitants, or .59 of a pound less than in 1850, when it was 18.60 pounds per capita. Does not this indicate the folly of catering for a foreign market to the neglect of our own?

FORMS OF MILK CONSUMPTION.

It is estimated by good judges that 45 per cent. of our milk product is consumed in its natural state, 50 per cent. is used in butter making, and 5 per cent. is made into cheese. The fact of there being a foreign demand for so large a proportion of our cheese, has led everybody astray, and magnified the cheese factory into the position of supreme importance.

THE PRIVATE DAIRY VS. THE FACTORY.

Let us again turn to the census of 1880, and see how the factory product compares in amount and importance with the product of the private dairy. It appears by the census of 1880 that the number of pounds of dairy products made in factories was as follows:

Cheese made in factories 215,885,361 lbs. Butter " " " 29,411,784 " ----------- Total factory product 245,307,145 lbs.

Cheese made on farms 27,272,489 lbs. Butter " " " 777,250,287 " ----------- Total farm product 804,522,776 lbs. Deduct factory product 245,307,145 " ----------- Excess of private dairy 559,215,631 lbs.

or considerably more than double the total factory product.