Part 54

The range of several trees as given in the text has been extended by discoveries made during the summer of 1901, but reported too late for incorporation in its proper place.

Populus balsamifera, L., var. candicans, Gray.--One of the commonest and stateliest trees in the alluvium of the Connecticut and the Cold rivers; with negundo, river maple, and white and slippery elm, forming a tall and dense forest along the Connecticut at the foot of Fall mountain, and opposite Bellows Falls. The densely pubescent petioles and the ciliate margins of the broad cordate leaves at once distinguish this tree from the usually smaller but more common P. balsamifera ("Some Trees and Shrubs of Western Cheshire County, N. H." Mr. M. L. Fernald, in Rhodora, III, 233).

The above is the Populus candicans, Ait., of the text.

Salix discolor, Muhl.--There are many fine trees at Fort Kent, Maine, one with trunk 13 inches in diameter. (M. L. Fernald in lit., September, 1901.)

Salix balsamifera, Barrett.--A handsome tree at Fort Kent, 25-30 feet high, with trunk 4-6 inches in diameter. (M. L. Fernald in lit., September, 1901.)

Crataegus Crus-Galli, L.--Nantucket, Massachusetts. Young trees were set out in 1830, enclosing an oblong of about an acre and a half. The most flourishing of these have obtained a height of about 30 feet and a trunk diameter near the ground of 10-12 inches. Now established, probably through the agency of birds, along swamps and upon hill-slopes. (L. L. D.)

Prunus Americana, Marsh.--One clump of small trees in a thicket at Alstead Centre, N. H., has the characteristic spherical fruit of this species. P. nigra, Ait., with oblong, laterally flattened fruit, is abundant. (Rhodora, III, 234.)

Acer Saccharum, Marsh., var. barbatum, Trelease.--Characteristic trees (Cheshire County, N. H.), with small, firm, deep green, three-lobed leaves, appear very distinct, but many transitions are noted between this and the typical Acer Saccharum. (Rhodora, III, 234.)

Acer Saccharum, Marsh., var. nigrum, Britton.--Occasional in alluvium of the Cold river (Cheshire county, N. H.). The large, dark green, "flabby" leaves, with closed sinuses and with densely pubescent petioles and lower surfaces, quickly distinguish this tree from the ordinary forms of the sugar maple. (Rhodora, III. 234.)

Fraxinus Pennsylvanica. Marsh., var. lanceolata, Sarg.--Common along the Connecticut at Walpole, N. H. (M. L. Fernald in lit., September, 1901.)

GLOSSARY.

=Abortive.= Defective or barren, through non-development of a part.

=Acuminate.= Long-pointed.

=Acute.= Ending with a sharp but not prolonged point.

=Adherent.= Growing fast to; adnate anther, attached for its whole length to the ovary.

=Adnate.= Essentially same as adherent, with the added idea of congenital adhesion.

=Aggregate fruits.= Formed by crowding together all the carpels of the same flower; as in the blackberry.

=Ament.= Name given to such flower-clusters as those of the willow, birch, poplar, etc.

=Anther.= The part of the stamen which bears the pollen.

=Appressed.= Lying close against another organ.

=Ascending.= Rising upward, or obliquely upward.

=Axil.= Angle formed on the upper side between the leaf stem or flower stem and the branch from which it springs.

=Bract.= Reduced leaf subtending a flower or flower-cluster.

=Branches, primary.= The leading or main branches thrown out directly from the trunk, giving a general shape to the head.

=Branches, secondary.= Never directly from the trunk but from other branches.

=Buttressed.= Supported against strain in any direction by a conspicuous ridge-like enlargement of the trunk vertically to the roots. Several of these buttresses often give a tree a square appearance.

=Caducous.= Dropping off very early after development.

=Calyx.= The outer set of the leaves of the flower.