Part 51

WOOD, J. G. and T.

1886. The Field Naturalist’s Handbook. pp. 167. Fourth Edition. London.

This is a British work. It gives by months the seasonal succession of moths, butterflies, birds, flowering of plants, notes on habitat, etc.

FRITSCH, C.

1850. Resultate dreijähriger Beobachtungen über die jährliche Vertheilung der Papilioniden. Sitzungsber. der math.-naturw. Classe der K. Akad. der Wissensch. zu Wien, Jahresganges 1850, Bd. V, pp. 426-433.

1851. Ueber die jährliche Vertheilung der Käfer. Sitzungsber. der math.-naturw. Classe der K. Akad. der Wissensch. zu Wien, Jahresganges 1851, Bd. VI, pp. 3-42.

1851. Resultate zweijähriger Beobachtungen über die jährliche Vertheilung der Käfer. Sitzungsber. der math.-naturw. Classe der K. Akad. der Wissensch. zu Wien, Jahresganges 1851, Bd. VII, pp. 689-710.

1852. Jährliche Vertheilung der Hemipteren. Sitzungsber. der math.-naturw. Classe der K. Akad. der Wissensch. zu Wien, Jahresganges 1852, Bd. IX, pp. 554-555.

A series of papers showing the seasonal succession in insects at Prague, Bohemia.

a. The Relation of Animals to Pollination and to Plant Galls

The relation of animals to the pollination of plants and to plant galls is a phase of the associational relation of organisms, but it has rarely been considered (if at all) from the standpoint of a biotic community. The following list will probably aid one but little in gaining this general conception, but once the student has it he will find the list of much assistance. Undoubtedly a relatively new and fertile field for investigation would be to study the interrelations of plants and their pollinators as an ecological community, the association being taken as a unit rather than the individual species of plants or animals.

BOUVIER, E. L.

1905. Bees and Flowers. Smithsonian Report for 1904, pp. 469-484. No. 1627.

KNUTH, P. (APPEL, O., and LOEW, E.)

1898-1899. Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Unter Zugrundelegung von Hermann Müller’s Werk: “Die Befruchtung der Blumen durch Insekten.” Bd. I. Einleitung und Litteratur. 1898. Leipzig. Bd. II. Die bisher in Europa und im Arktischen Gebiet gemachten Blütenbiologischen Beobachtungen. Theil 1 und 2. 1899. Leipzig.

APPEL, O., and LOEW, E.

1904-1905. (Continues Knuth.) Bd. III. Die bisher in Aussereuropäischen Gebieten gemachten Blütenbiologischen Beobachtungen. Theil 1, 1904-1905, Leipzig; Theil 2, 1905, Leipzig.

This is an encyclopedia on the relation of animals to the pollination of flowers. Plants are arranged systematically and the visitors are listed. In Bd. II, Th. 2, pp. 559-672, and Bd. III, Th. 2, pp. 259-470, are given systematic-alphabetic lists of animal visitors to flowers. Full references.

MÜLLER, H. (Trans. by D. W. THOMPSON.)

1883. The Fertilization of Flowers, pp. 669. London.

NEEDHAM, J. G.

1900. The Fruiting of the Blue Flag (Iris versicolor L.). Amer. Nat., Vol. XXXIV, pp. 361-386.

RILEY, C. V.

1892. The Yucca Moth and Yucca Pollination. Third Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Garden, pp. 99-158.

ROBERTSON, C.

1897. Flowers and Insects. Contributions to an Account of the Ecological Relations of the Entomophilous Flora and the Anthophilous Insect Fauna of the Neighborhood of Carlinville, Illinois. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Vol. VII, pp. 151-179.

This is only one of a very extensive series of papers published in the Transactions of the St. Louis Academy, Vols. V, VI, VII, and in the Botanical Gazette--beginning with Vol. XIV, 1889, and extending to Vol. XXVIII, 1899.

TRELEASE, W.