Part 49

WARMING, E., WESENBERG-LUND, C., and others.

1904. Sur les ‘vads’ et les sables maritimes de la mer du nord. Kon. Danske Vid. Selsk. Skrift., Bd. VII, R. II, pp. 48-56.

The sandy flats of the sea coast of Jutland and Holland are treated as a biotic association, and from a modern ecological standpoint.

BAKER, F. C.

1910. The Ecology of the Skokie Marsh Area, with Special Reference to the Mollusca. Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Vol. VIII, pp. 441-499.

A descriptive account of local molluscan associations near Chicago.

1911. The Molluscan Fauna of Tomahawk Lake, Wisconsin. Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci., Arts and Letters, Vol. XVII, pp. 200-246.

An associational study of molluscan succession. One of the very few of its kind.

HANCOCK, J. L.

1911. Nature Sketches in Temperate America, pp. 451. Chicago.

A discussion of the habitats of Orthoptera is given on pp. 317-418, and a classification of them on pp. 419-433, based upon the egg-laying sites.

DAHL, F.

1899. Das Leben der Vögel auf den Bismarckinseln nach eigenen Beobachtungen vergleichend dargestellt. Mitt. aus der Zoöl. Sammlung des Mus. für Naturk. in Berlin, Bd. I, Heft 3, pp. 107-222.

The bird habitats of the Bismarck Archipelago are discussed. This is the earliest detailed study of bird habitats known to the writer.

1901. Das Leben der Ameisen im Bismarck-Archipel, nach eigenen Beobachtungen vergleichend dargestellt. Mitt. aus. d. Zoöl. Mus. in Berlin, Bd. II, Heft 1, pp. 1-69.

An ecological study of ants, their nesting habitats, keys to their ecological relations, and quantitative data.

1902. Stufenfänge echter Spinnen am Riesengebirge. (Eine vergleichend ethologische Studie.) Sitz.-Ber. Ges. naturf. Freunde zu Berlin, 1902, pp. 185-203.

A comparative study of the habitats of spiders.

1903. Winke für ein wissenschaftliches Sammeln von Thieren. Sitzungs-Ber. der Gesell. naturfor. Freunde zu Berlin, 1903, pp. 444-475.

Gives a classification of animal habitats, associations, and a brief history of their recognition by zoölogists. Compare the habitats with those given by Shelford, Physiological Animal Geography, 1911.

1893. Untersuchungen über die Thierwelt der Unterelbe. Sechster Ber. Komm. zur Wissenschaft. Untersuch. der deutschen Meere in Kiel, Jahrg. XVII-XXI, Heft III, pp. 151-185. Berlin.

Lists the fauna of the brackish waters of the lower Elbe River, discusses their relation to the environment (salinity, etc.) and gives quantitative determinations of its frequency per square meter, as determined by digging at low tide.

MEYER, H. A., and MÖBIUS, K.

1865. Fauna der Kieler Bucht. Bd. I. Leipzig.

Not seen by writer.

LOCARD, A.

1881. De L’Habitat des Mollusques. pp. 88-128. Études sur les Variations Malacologiques d’après la Faune Vivante et Fossile de la Partie Centrale du Bassin du Rhone. Tome II, Paris et Lyon.

This is the most detailed study and classification of the habitats of mollusks of land and fresh-water which the writer has seen. It seems to be little known to students. The volume contains many ecological observations. The classification of habitats is often very artificial. See Von Marten’s comment (Zoöl. Record for 1881, Vol. XVIII, p. 18, Moll.), which refers to English and German works along similar lines, but these have not been found by the writer.