Part 29

Leagues, as federal units, 243; extent of powers of, 244.

Leisure, lack of, in Athens, 61.

Literature, in Athens, 59 f.; the corruptor of the Athenians, 103 f.

Lot, election by, in Athens, 52, 53, 55; theory of, 55.

Lysimachus, king of Macedon, 220.

Maccabæus, correspondence of, with Sparta, 79 f.

Macedon, relation of, to Hellas, 215; army of, 217; national state in, 217; Roman province, 218; troubles of, 224.

Macedonians, heirs of Alexander, 149; establish a regency, 149; refuse to carry out Alexander's plans, 150; characteristics of, 215 f.; sacrifices of, for empire, 216 f.; aversion to imperialism, 222.

Magas, of Cyrene, death of, 231.

Magnesia, battle of, 190.

Machiavelli, compared with Aristotle, 110 ff.

Messenians, revolts of, 87.

Meyer, Eduard, on proskynesis, 131 ff.

Mnesimachus, fief of, 201.

Monarchy, influence of, 239.

Municipality, and city, 17 f.

Napoleon, on generalship, 122; on Alexander, 123.

Nation, and city, 17 ff.

Naucratis, 163, 168.

Nectanebus, reputed father of Alexander, 162.

Nicæa, dupe of Gonatas, 232.

Olympias, wife of Philip, marriage of, 116; religion of, 118 f.; queen of Epirus, 233 f.

Oration, Funeral, significance of, 45 f.

Orientals, contrast of, with Europeans, 131 ff.

Ostracism, function of, in Athens, 60 f.

Palestine, becomes Seleucid, 188; Hellenization of, 196, 212 f.

Pan, patron of Gonatas, 232.

Panchæa, 143.