Part 212

God be with you!

+Er ~gehe~, wohin er Lust hat.+ (Concession.)

He may go wherever he pleases.

§ 28. =The Subjunctive is used in Indirect Speech= (oratio obliqua), i.e. when words which have been actually spoken are quoted not as they were spoken, but in substance only; it stands especially after the verbs +~sagen~+, to say; +~erzählen~+, to relate; +~melden~+, to report; +~berichten~+, to relate, to report; +~hören~+, to hear; as—

+Er sagte ihm, er ~sei~ ein Verschwender.+

He told him he was a spendthrift.

+Sie behauptete, sie ~habe~ den Brief nicht erhalten.+

She asserted that she had not got the letter.

+Sein Freund meldete, daß er nicht kommen ~könne~, mich zu besuchen.+

His friend reported that he could not come to see me.

§ 29. =The Subjunctive is used when the statement made in the subordinate clause is intended to be represented not as a fact, but as a mere idea, as a mere conception of the person speaking.= We find it, therefore, especially after verbs denoting a request, a wish, a hope, an apprehension, a permission, an advice, and a command; as—

+meinen+, to mean. +glauben+, to believe. +vermuten+, to presume. +zweifeln+, to doubt. +scheinen+, to seem. +hoffen+, to hope. +fürchten+, to fear. +wollen+, to be willing. +bitten+, to ask. +befehlen+, to command. +verlangen+, to demand. +ermahnen+, to admonish. +raten+, to advise. +bestehen+, to insist upon,

And others of a like meaning.

EXAMPLES.

+Lassen Sie uns ~hoffen~, daß unser Streben von Erfolg ~sein werde~.+

Let us hope that our endeavours may be successful.

+Ich bat ihn, daß er mir ~helfen möge~.+

I asked him to help me.

+Ich ~fürchtete~, daß er ein Bein ~gebrochen habe~.+

I was afraid that he had broken a leg.

+Wir ~bitten~, daß der Gefangene frei ~gelassen werde~.+

We request that the prisoner be released.

+Er ~zweifelt~ daran, daß man ihn für unschuldig ~erklären werde~.+

He doubts if he will be declared innocent.

+Wir werden stets ~verlangen~, daß man uns unsere Rechte ~gewähre~.+

We shall always demand that our rights be given to us.

+Ich ~rate~ dir, daß du fleißiger ~werdest~.+

I advise you to become more industrious.