Part 9

This is a spreading tree, having ovate-oblong, fragrant leaves with short petioles. The flowers are small and white. The medium-sized fruit is egg-shaped, ending in a nipple-like point. The thin, smooth skin is aromatic. The juicy pulp is rich in citric acid. Many choice varieties of lemons have been introduced to Hawaii, but they have not thrived particularly well, because of the scale and insect pests which so greedily attack them; eternal vigilance is necessary in order to get the fruit matured; some very fine specimens, however, have been grown in Kona, at an elevation of 1500 feet.

One half natural size.]

G. P. W. Collection. PLATE XLIII

Citrus medica var. limonum.

ROUGH-SKIN LEMON.

This variety is very hardy, bears profusely, and requires much more water than does the orange. Being a strong, vigorous grower, it forms an excellent stock upon which to graft the citrus varieties. The flower is white, with a reddish tint outside. The fruit is generally oval, and contains many seeds. The pale yellow skin is rough and warty. The pulp is coarse-grained and very juicy. It comes true to seed.

One half natural size.]

G. P. W. Collection. PLATE XLIV

Citrus Aurantium Sinense.

WAIALUA ORANGE.

This tree, which grows to a height of from 20 to 35 feet, is cultivated in all tropical and sub-tropical countries. Its young branches are pale green, angular and glabrous. The leaves are oblong, ovate and pointed, and the petioles are narrowly winged. Its flowers are white and very fragrant. This variety of orange, locally known as the Waialua orange, has a bright yellow fruit, generally round, with a coarse, thick skin, very juicy pulp, and numerous seeds; and was introduced by Vancouver and planted in Hanalei valley, Kauai. It is now widely disseminated throughout the group, and in Kona, Hawaii, grows exceptionally well. This orange is said to produce true to seed.

One half natural size.]

G. P. W. Collection. PLATE XLV

Citrus Aurantium.

BAHIA, OR WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE.

This variety was first introduced into the United States from Brazil, and is now the most popular of all the oranges. It is cultivated extensively in California, in which State the first trees of its kind were planted; for this reason it is often called the Riverside Navel. The fruit is large, solid, and heavy. It is seedless, and has a prominent navel mark at the apex. The brilliant orange color of the skin is one of its characteristics. Grafted and budded trees of this variety of orange may be found growing in many localities in the Hawaiian Islands, but the fruit is not as fine as it should be, as, with few exceptions, it has a tendency to become very dry and woody.

One half natural size.]

G. P. W. Collection. PLATE XLVI

Citrus Decumana.

POMELO OR SHADDOCK (pear-shaped var.).

This hardy tree, with its spreading branches, grows to a height of from 15 to 20 feet. It is extensively cultivated in India, and widely distributed over the Malayan and Polynesian Islands. It was early introduced to the Hawaiian Islands, presumably by the Chinese, who seem to be especially fond of the fruit, as it is always an important feature of their New Year's decorations. The leaves are large, oval or ovate-oblong, obtuse, and frequently emarginate, and the petiole is broadly winged. The flowers are large and white. This pyriform variety, which is from 6 to 8 inches in diameter, often weighs 4 to 8 pounds.

The pale-yellow rind is smooth, thick and very bitter, but can be made into a preserve. The pulp varies in color from pale yellow to red, and has a sub-acid, slightly bitter, flavor.

One third natural size.]

G. P. W. Collection. PLATE XLVII

Citrus Decumana.

POMELO OR SHADDOCK (round var.)

The fruit of this round variety is smaller than that of the preceding variety. The light-yellow rind is coarse, spongy, thick, and leathery. The cells of the pulp are coarse, dry, and have a bitter, sub-acid flavor. There are many large, wedge-shaped seeds.

One third natural size.]