Part 10

Most pupils are slow in learning how to study History. The plan here set forth will lead them to understand how closely and intently the eyes of the mind must scan each line, if nothing is to escape their vision.

The teacher selects from the lesson words and expressions indicative of the prominent ideas, and classifies them into those of times, places, persons and miscellaneous items; the most difficult words, for “dictionary work”; and general topics, of which the preceding divisions are analytic elements. These elements thoroughly learned, recited, and properly combined bring into use, language and understanding to help form a foundation for mastering and reciting the general topics. The teacher’s analysis is placed upon the board. From this (or a copy of their own) the pupils may prepare the lesson. First, the pupil is to read (study) his lesson through once or twice, and then test his work by noting how many of the elements of the lesson he can “recite.” To recite an element, a pupil states how (or why) the author has used it, or in what connection it occurs in the lesson. If it denotes a person to tell who he was; if a place to tell where it is; &c.

This recitation is necessarily short, but it brings into use language and understanding to form a foundation for mastering and reciting the general topics.

Model for Teacher. From the First Five Paragraphs of the Eclectic U. S. History.

TIMES.—400 yrs.

PLACES.—American continent, Mississippi River, Great Lakes, four cities, Mexico, Yucatan, Adams Co., O., Marietta, Mississippi Valley, Central America, Atlantic, Iceland.

PERSONS.—Tribes, mound-builders, Frenchmen, Indians, ancestors, sailors.

MISCELLANEOUS.—Dark-skinned hunters, an empty continent, burial-mounds, 164 ft., 5000 people, island of frost and flame.

DICTIONARY WORK.—Wigwams, area, maize, bananas, tropical, solitary, basins. (Give meaning, and tell how each happens to be used.)

GENERAL TOPICS.—A Lonely Land, The Mound-builders, Wares from Ancient Workshops, Origin of the Early Inhabitants of America.

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U. S. HISTORY.—MEN AND MEASURES.

1801. Fourth Presidential Term. 1805.

FEDERAL. │ REPUBLICAN. 18│01 │ =Pres. Jefferson= called an │=Thom. Jefferson=_____=Pres.= atheist; a fanatic in politics; │=Aaron Burr=____=Vice Pres.= and his party called │ disorganizers and revolutionists. │ Simple Ceremonials. │ Lenient towards France. │ Hostile towards Eng. │ 7th│C. │ │Reduction in the army, navy, │ taxes, and duties. │ │Nat. Law of ’95 restored. │ 18│02 │ Unsuccessful attempt to fasten a │ Judiciary Law repealed. charge of mismanagement upon the│ Treasury Department. │Unsuccessful attempt to abolish │ the “Mint.” │ │The “Burrites” a faction of the │ Reps. │ 18│03 │ Some of the Feds. contemplate } │ { =Purchase of La.= “Secession.” } │ { │ 8th│C. │ │ French Treaty ratified. │ 18│04 │ │ Judge Chase impeached. │ Opp. by New Eng. members __│__ XIIth Amend. passed. │ Presidential Candidates. │ =C. C. Pinckney & R. King= __│__ =Jefferson & Geo. Clinton= │ Presidential Election; 17 States vote. │ Elec. Vote:—P. & K. (14) __│___ J. & C. (162). │ The Federals espouse the cause of │Trial of Judge Chase, Judge Chase, who is acquitted. │ Burr presiding.

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1793. Second Presidential Term. 1797.

FEDERAL. │ DEMOCRATIC. │ REPUBLICAN. 17│93 │ =Geo. Washington.= Pres. │ =John Adams=, V. Pres. │ │ Trouble with France. │ │ Neutrality Proclamation. ________│__ Opposed, as nullifying Treaty │ of 1778, with Fr. The treaty regarded as nullified │ by the change of government │“Democratic Clubs” encourage Genet in France. │ and denounce Wash. │ 3rd│C. │ BRITISH PARTY. │ FRENCH PARTY. │ │=Jeff.= leaves the Cabinet, │ Dec. 31. │ 17│94 │ Embargo, 60d. │Friendly to Fr.; hostile to Eng. │ =Jay= app. E. E. to Eng. │ │ Indirect taxation voted __│__ Opposed; direct tax favored. │ │XIth Amend. passed. │ │ =Whisky Insurrection.= │ 17│95 │ =Hamilton= resigns. │ │ Debate on Jay’s Treaty. │ Jay’s Treaty ratified. │=Jay= hung in Effigy. │ Naturalization Law. │=Washington= accused of incapacity │ and embezzlement, and │ called the “Stepfather of his │ Country!” │ 4th│C. │ 17│96 │ Pres. Proc. legalizing Jay’s │An increase of duties successfully Treaty. │ opposed. │ House Resolution for carrying │ Treaty into effect; another │ debate. │ │ =Fisher Ames.= __│__ =Albert Gallatin.= │ Washington’s “Farewell Address.” │Party name shortened to │ REPUBLICAN. │ The Federals claim to be— │The Republicans claim to be— (a) The authors of the Gov. │ (a) The advocates of economy. (b) The friends of neutrality,│ (b) The friends of liberty and peace, and prosperity. │ of the rights of man. (c) The direct inheritors of │ (c) The protectors of the Washington’s policy. │ rights of the States. │ Presidential Candidates. │ =John Adams=; =T. Pinckney=. │ =T. Jefferson=; =Aaron Burr=. │ Presidential Election; 16 States vote; 1st Presidential contest. │ Elec. Vote:—A. (71); P. (59) _│__ J. (68); B. (30).

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1797. Third Presidential Term. 1801.

FEDERAL. │ REPUBLICAN. 17│97 │ =John Adams=, President. │ =Thomas Jefferson=, V. P. │ 5th│C. │ President’s Address to Cong. │ Envoys sent to France. │ Treaties with Fr. annulled. │ 17│98 │ =X. Y. Z.= letters published. │ │ Preparations for war. ___│__ Vehement protestations │ against war measures. Naturalization Law made more │ rigid. │ The “=Alien Law=.” ____________ │} _ Opposed as violations of the The “=Sedition Law=.” _________ │} 1st Amend. │ │ =Ky. Resolutions= (=Jeff.=) │ =Vir. Resolutions= (=Mad.=) │ 17│99 │ Three Envoys sent to Fr. │ Ky.’s Null. Resolutions. │ Quarrel between Adams & Ham. │ │ 18│00 │ Treaty with Napoleon, │ N. Y. elects a Rep. legislature. September 17, 1800. │ │Caucus nomination of presidential The Federals claim to be the │ candidates. authors of the Government; the │ friends of neutrality, peace, │Republican Platform:—Free Speech, and prosperity; and the direct │ Religion, Press, Trade. inheritors of Washington’s │ policy. │No Standing Army. Specie Currency. │ Liberal Nat. Laws. State Sov. │ Economy. Strict Construction of │ the Constitution. │ Presidential Candidates. │ =J. Adams=; =C. C. Pinckney=. │ =T. Jefferson=; =A. Burr=. │ Presidential election; 16 States vote; partisan contest. │ Elec. vote:—A. (65); P. (64) ___│___ J. (73); B. (73). │ The undecided election causes much excitement. │ Many Feds. favor Burr. │ │ House Votes:—Burr, 4; Jeff., 10; two blanks. │ Judiciary Law enacted. │ Opposed, (why?)

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1789. First Presidential Term. 1793.

FEDERAL. │ ANTI-FEDERAL. 17│89 │ =Geo. Washington, Pres.= │ =John Adams, V. P.= │ │ { =Alex. Hamilton= ___│__ =Thom. Jefferson.= Cabinet: { =Henry Knox= ______│__ =Edmund Randolph.= │ PROMINENT FEDERALS. │ PROMINENT ANTI-FEDS. │ =John Jay=, =Ben. Franklin=, │ =Patrick Henry=, =Albert =Rufus King=, =Gouverneur │Gallatin=, =Geo. Clinton=, Morris=, =Roger Sherman=, │=Jam. Monroe=, =Geo. Mason=, =Robt. Morris=, =C. C. Pinckney=, │=John Hancock=, =Elbridge =John Marshall=, =Jam. Wilson=, │Gerry=, =Aaron Burr=, =Sam. =Jam. Madison=. │Adams=, =R. H. Lee=. │ 1st│C. │ Protective Tariff Bill passed. │ =F. M. Muhlenberger, Sp.= │ │Ten Amendments adopted. │ │N. C. enters the Union, Nov. │ 17│90 │ =Assumption Bill passed= __│__ Opposed, as destructive of │ State Supremacy. │ │R. I. enters the Union, May. │ 17│91 │ National Bank chartered. │=James Madison= sides with the │ Anti-Feds. │ Excise Law Passed __│__ Opposed violently, especially │ in Western Pa. │ Stormy Sectional Debate in the House, on Slavery. │ 2nd│C. │ =Jonathan Trumbull=, of Conn., │ Sp. │ │ 17│92 │ Army and Tariff increased ______│__ Anti-Feds charge the Feds │ with aiming at Monarchy. │ │ Party name changed to │ =Democratic-Republican=. │ Presidential Candidates. │ =Washington=; =John Adams=. │ __________; =Geo. Clinton=. │ Presidential Election; 15 States vote; contest only on Vice Pres. │ 17│93 │ Elec. Vote:—W. (132); A. (77) _ │___________ C. (50). │ First Fugitive Slave Law passed, Feb. 12.

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