Expositions of Holy Scripture: St. John Chapters I to Xiv

Part 1

Produced by Charles Franks, David King and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team.

Expositions of Holy Scriptures

by Alexander Maclaren, D. D., Litt. D.

ST. JOHN

Vols. I and II

Contents

THE WORD IN ETERNITY, IN THE WORLD, AND IN THE FLESH (John i. 1-14) THE LIGHT AND THE LAMPS (John i. 8; v. 35) 'THREE TABERNACLES' (John i. 14; Rev. vii. 15; xxi. 3) THE FULNESS OF CHRIST (John i. 16) GRACE AND TRUTH (John i. 17) THE WORLD'S SIN-BEARER (John i. 29) THE FIRST DISCIPLES: I. JOHN AND ANDREW (John i. 37-39) THE FIRST DISCIPLES: II. SIMON PETER (John i. 40-42) THE FIRST DISCIPLES: III. PHILIP (John i. 43) THE FIRST DISCIPLES: IV. NATHANAEL (John i. 45-49) THE FIRST DISCIPLES: V. BELIEVING AND SEEING (John i. 50, 51) JESUS THE JOY-BRINGER (John ii. 1-11) THE FIRST MIRACLE IN CANA—THE WATER MADE WINE (John ii. 11) CHRIST CLEANSING THE TEMPLE (John ii. 16) THE DESTROYERS AND THE RESTORER (John ii. 19) TEACHER OR SAVIOUR? (John iii. 2) WIND AND SPIRIT (John iii. 8) THE BRAZEN SERPENT (John iii. 14) CHRIST'S MUSTS (John iii. 14) THE LAKE AND THE RIVER (John iii. 16) THE WEARIED CHRIST (John iv. 6, 32) 'GIVE ME TO DRINK' (John iv. 7, 26) THE GIFT AND THE GIVER (John iv. 10) THE SPRINGING FOUNTAIN (John iv. 14) THE SECOND MIRACLE (John iv. 54) THE THIRD MIRACLE IN JOHN'S GOSPEL (John v, 8) THE LIFE-GIVER AND JUDGE (John v. 17-27) THE FOURTH MIRACLE IN JOHN'S GOSPEL (John vi. 11) 'FRAGMENTS' OR 'BROKEN PIECES' (John vi. 12) THE FIFTH MIRACLE IN JOHN'S GOSPEL (John vi. 19, 20) HOW TO WORK THE WORK OF GOD (John vi. 28, 29) THE MANNA (John vi. 48-50) ONE SAYING WITH TWO MEANINGS (John vii. 33, 34; xiii. 33) THE ROCK AND THE WATER (John vii. 37, 38) THE LIGHT OF THE WORLD (John viii. 12) THREE ASPECTS OF FAITH (John viii. 30, 31) 'NEVER IN BONDAGE' (John viii. 33) ONE METAPHOR AND TWO MEANINGS (John ix. 4; Romans xiii. 12) THE SIXTH MIRACLE IN JOHN'S GOSPEL—THE BLIND MADE TO SEE, AND THE SEEING MADE BLIND (John ix. 6,7) THE GIFTS TO THE FLOCK (John x. 9) THE GOOD SHEPHERD (John x. 14, 15) 'OTHER SHEEP' (John x. 16 R.V.) THE DELAYS OF LOVE (John xi. 5, 6) CHRIST'S QUESTION TO EACH (John xi. 26, 27) THE OPEN GRAVE AT BETHANY (John xi. 30-45) THE SEVENTH MIRACLE IN JOHN'S GOSPEL—THE RAISING OF LAZARUS (John xi. 43, 44) CAIAPHAS (John xi. 49, 50) LOVE'S PRODIGALITY CENSURED AND VINDICATED (John xii. 1-1l) A NEW KIND OF KING (John xii. 12-26) AFTER CHRIST: WITH CHRIST (John xii. 26) THE UNIVERSAL MAGNET (John xii. 32) THE SON OF MAN (John xii. 34) A PARTING WARNING (John xii. 35, 36 R V.) THE LOVE OF THE DEPARTING CHRIST (John xiii. 1) THE SERVANT-MASTER (John xiii. 3-5) THE DISMISSAL OF JUDAS (John xiii. 27) THE GLORY OF THE CROSS (John xiii. 31, 32) CANNOT AND CAN (John xiii. 33) SEEKING JESUS (John xiii. 33) 'AS I HAVE LOVED' (John xiii. 34, 35) 'QUO VADIS?' (John xiii. 37, 38) A RASH VOW (John xiii. 38) FAITH IN GOD AND CHRIST (John xiv. 1) 'MANY MANSIONS' (John xiv. 2) THE FORERUNNER (John xiv. 2, 3) THE WAY (John xiv. 4-7) THE TRUE VISION OF GOD (John xiv. 8-11) CHRIST'S WORKS AND OURS (John xiv. 12-14) LOVE AND OBEDIENCE (John xiv. 15) THE COMFORTER GIVEN (John xiv. 16, 17) THE ABSENT PRESENT CHRIST (John xiv. 18, 19) THE GIFTS OF THE PRESENT CHRIST (John xiv. 20, 21) WHO BRING CHRIST (John xiv. 22-24) THE TEACHER SPIRIT (John xiv. 25, 26) CHRIST'S PEACE (John xiv. 27) JOY AND FAITH, THE FRUITS OF CHRIST'S DEPARTURE (John xiv. 28, 29) CHRIST FORESEEING HIS PASSION (John xiv. 30, 31)

THE WORD IN ETERNITY, IN THE WORLD, AND IN THE FLESH

'In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2. The same was in the beginning with God. 3. All things were made by Him; and without Him was not any thing made that was made. 4. In Him was life; and the life was the light of men. 5. And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not. 6. There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. 7. The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light, that all men through him might believe. 8. He was not that Light, but was sent to bear witness of that Light. 9. That was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world. 10. He was in the world, and the world was made by Him, and the world knew Him not. 11. He came unto His own, and His own received Him not. 12. But as many as received Him, to them gave He power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on His name: 13. Which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God. 14. And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld His glory, the glory as of the only-begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.'—JOHN i. 1-14.

The other Gospels begin with Bethlehem; John begins with 'the bosom of the Father.' Luke dates his narrative by Roman emperors and Jewish high-priests; John dates his 'in the beginning.' To attempt adequate exposition of these verses in our narrow limits is absurd; we can only note the salient points of this, the profoundest page in the New Testament.

The threefold utterance in verse 1 carries us into the depths of eternity, before time or creatures were. Genesis and John both start from 'the beginning,' but, while Genesis works downwards from that point and tells what followed, John works upwards and tells what preceded—if we may use that term in speaking of what lies beyond time. Time and creatures came into being, and, when they began, the Word 'was.' Surely no form of speech could more emphatically declare absolute, uncreated being, outside the limits of time. Clearly, too, no interpretation of these words fathoms their depth, or makes worthy sense, which does not recognise that the Word is a person. The second clause of verse 1 asserts the eternal communion of the Word with God. The preposition employed means accurately 'towards,' and expresses the thought that in the Word there was motion or tendency towards, and not merely association with, God. It points to reciprocal, conscious communion, and the active going out of love in the direction of God. The last clause asserts the community of essence, which is not inconsistent with distinction of persons, and makes the communion of active Love possible; for none could, in the depths of eternity, dwell with and perfectly love and be loved by God, except one who Himself was God.

Verse 1 stands apart as revealing the pretemporal and essential nature of the Word. In it the deep ocean of the divine nature is partially disclosed, though no created eye can either plunge to discern its depths or travel beyond our horizon to its boundless, shoreless extent. The remainder of the passage deals with the majestic march of the self-revealing Word through creation, and illumination of humanity, up to the climax in the Incarnation.

John repeats the substance of verse 1 in verse 2, apparently in order to identify the Agent of creation with the august person whom he has disclosed as filling eternity. By Him creation was effected, and, because He was what verse 1 has declared Him to be, therefore was it effected by Him. Observe the three steps marked in three consecutive verses. 'All things were made by Him'; literally 'became,' where the emergence into existence of created things is strongly contrasted with the divine 'was' of verse 1. 'Through Him' declares that the Word is the agent of creation; 'without Him' (literally, 'apart from Him') declares that created things continue in existence because He communicates it to them. Man is the highest of these 'all things,' and verse 4 sets forth the relation of the Word to Him, declaring that 'life,' in all the width and height of its possible meanings, inheres in Him, and is communicated by Him, with its distinguishing accompaniment, in human nature, of light, whether of reason or of conscience.

So far, John has been speaking as from the upper or divine side, but in verse 5 he speaks from the under or human, and shows us how the self-revelation of the Word has, by some mysterious necessity, been conflict. The 'darkness' was not made by Him, but it is there, and the beams of the light have to contend with it. Something alien must have come in, some catastrophe have happened, that the light should have to stream into a region of darkness.

John takes 'the Fall' for granted, and in verse 5 describes the whole condition of things, both within and beyond the region of special revelation. The shining of the light is continuous, but the darkness is obstinate. It is the tragedy and crime of the world that the darkness will not have the light. It is the long-suffering mercy of God that the light repelled is not extinguished, but shines meekly on.

Continue reading Expositions of Holy Scripture: St. John Chapters I to Xiv free in the Wunder reader →