CHAPTER III.. The Grades of the Factors of Evolution and the Order of Their

THE GRADES OF THE FACTORS OF EVOLUTION AND THE ORDER OF THEIR APPEARANCE.

Factors of evolution restated; their grades and the order of their introduction shown--Lamarckian factors, first in order because they precede sexual reproduction--(1) Environment--(2) Use and disuse--With sexual reproduction selective factors introduced--(3) Natural selection--(4) Physiological selection--(5) Sexual selection--With man was introduced (6) the rational factor--In this process two striking stages--viz., the introduction of sex and the introduction of reason--Effect of each to hasten the steps of evolution--The last by far the greater change 81

Contrast between organic and human evolution--(1) The meaning of term fittest in each--(2) Destiny of the weak and helpless in each--(3) The nature of evolutionary transformation in each--(4) The law of strait and narrow way applied in each--(5) Human evolution is a different kind and on a higher plane 88

Application to some questions of the day.

I. Neo-Darwinists, their position explained--Reasons for dissenting--(a) Lamarckian factors preceded all others-- (b) Though now subordinate, they still underlie and condition all other factors--(c) Shown by comparison of phylogeny with ontogeny 92

II. Human progress not identical with organic evolution--Mistake of the materialists--But neither is it wholly different, as some suppose 96

III. Neo-Darwinism is fatal to hopes of human progress--Reason may use freely Lamarckian factors, but can not use natural selection in the same way as Nature does 97