Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects

Volume Ii Contains the Insects, Which Are Treated by the Following

authors: Hymenoptera, J. H. Comstock and L. O. Howard; Coleoptera, George Dimmock; Lepidoptera, H'y Edwards and C. H. Fernald; Diptera, S. W. Williston; Orthoptera, C. V. Riley; Hemiptera, P. R. Uhler; Neuroptera, A. S. Packard; Arachnida, J. H. Emerton.

J. H. COMSTOCK.--An Introduction to Entomology. Published by the author. Ithaca, N. Y. 2 parts. Part I, 1888.

ALPHEUS HYATT AND J. M. ARMS.--Guides for Science Teaching, No. III. Insecta. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist. D. C. Heath & Co., Boston, 1890.

GENERAL WORKS ON CLASSIFICATION.

HYMENOPTERA.

E. T. CRESSON.--Synopsis of the Families and Genera of the Hymenoptera of America, north of Mexico, together with a Catalogue of the described Species and Bibliography. Transactions Am. Entom. Society, Supplementary volume. 2 parts. Philadelphia, 1887.

COLEOPTERA.

JOHN L. LE CONTE AND GEORGE H. HORN.--Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Washington, Smithsonian Institution, 1883.

This is the most recent and the only complete classification of North American Coleoptera. It contains also Appendix II, a "list of bibliographical references to memoirs, in which more or less complete synopses of the families, genera, and species of the Coleoptera of the United States have been published."

J. T. LACORDAIRE.--Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Genera des Coleopteres, ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. [Completed by J. Chapuis.] Paris, France, 1854-1876. 12 vols, and 1 vol. plates.

LEPIDOPTERA.

G. A. W. HERRICH-SCHAEFFER.--Sammlung neuer oder wenig bekannter aussereuropaeischer Schmetterlinge. Vol. I. Regensburg, 1850-'58; Vol. II, Pt. 1, 1869.

Contains a classification of the Lepidoptera, which forms the basis of our present arrangement.

JOHN G. MORRIS.--Synopsis of the described Lepidoptera of North America.

Part I. Diurnal and Crepuscular Lepidoptera. Washington, Smithsonian

Institution, 1862.

Compiled descriptions of the North American Lepidoptera, from the Rhopalocera to the Bombycidae.

H. STRECKER.--Lepidoptera, Rhopaloceres et Heteroceres, indigenous and exotic; with descriptions and colored illustrations. Reading, Pa., 1872-'77.

Fifteen parts of this work have been published containing figures and descriptions of many North American species.

JOHN B. SMITH.--An Introduction to a Classification of the North American Lepidoptera. <Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc., Vol. VII, 1884, pp. 70-74 and 81-83.

A synopsis of the families of Lepidoptera based on Herrich-Schaeffer's classification.

---- Synopsis of the Genera of the North American Rhopalocera. <Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc, Vol. VI, 1883, pp. 37-45.

E. DOUBLEDAY AND W. C. HEWITSON.--The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera, comprising their generic characters, a notice of their transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus; illustrated, with 86 colored plates from drawings by W. C. Hewitson. 2 vols., London, 1846-'52.

This work was completed by Westwood after the death of Doubleday.

S. H. SCUDDER.--Butterflies: Their structures, changes, and life-histories, with special reference to American forms. Being an application of the "Doctrine of descent" to the study of Butterflies, with an appendix of practical instructions. 321 pp. and 201 text figs. New York, Henry Holt & Co., 1881.

---- The Butterflies of the Eastern United States and Canada with special reference to New England. 3 vols., Cambridge, Mass., 1889; pp. 1958, plates 59. (Published by the author. Cost about $75 for 3 vols.)

G. H. FRENCH.--The Butterflies of the Eastern United States. For the use of classes in Zoology and private students. Philadelphia, Lippincott & Co., 1886.

Gives synopses of the genera and species, and description of the species.

W. H. EDWARDS.--Butterflies of North America. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin & Co.

Two volumes are completed and the third is in course of publication.

HEMIPTERA.

HERBERT OSBORN.--Classification of Hemiptera. <Entomologica Amer., Vol. I, 1885, pp. 21-27.

Short characterization of the whole order, with tables of suborders and families.

---- Pediculi and Mallophaga affecting Man and the Lower Animals. Constituting Bulletin No. 7 of the Division of Entomology, U. S. Department of Agriculture. Washington, 1891.

P. R. UHLER.--List of Hemiptera of the region west of the Mississippi River, including those collected during the Hayden explorations of 1873. <Bull. U. S. Geolog. and Geogr. Survey of the Terr., Vol. I, 1875, pp. 267-361, Pl. XIX-XXI.

---- Report upon the insects collected by P. R. Uhler during the exploration of 1875, including monographs of the families Cynidae and Saldae, and the Hemiptera collected by A. S. Packard, jr., M. D. <U. S. Geolog. and Geogr. Survey, Bulletin, Vol. III, No. 2, 1877, pp. 355-475.

TOWNEND GLOVER.--Report of the Entomologist. <Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for the year 1877, pp. 17-46.

A popular treatise on the Homoptera, with illustrations.

A. H. HALIDAY.--An Epitome of the British genera in the Order Thysanoptera, with indications of a few of the species. <Entomol. Mag., Vol. III, 1836, pp. 439-451.

DIPTERA.

H. LOEW AND C. R. OSTEN-SACKEN.--Monographs of the Diptera of North America. (Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections.) 4 parts. Washington, Smithsonian Institution, 1862-'72.

The several monographs will be found enumerated under the respective families.

H. LOEW.--Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. 2 parts. Berlin, 1861-'72. (Originally published in 10 centuriae in the Berliner Entomol. Zeitschrift.)

Descriptions of 1,000 North American Diptera, but without synoptic arrangement.

C. R. OSTEN-SACKEN.--Western Diptera: Descriptions of new genera and species of Diptera from the region west of the Mississippi and especially from California. <Bull. U. S. Geolog. and Geogr. Survey of the Territories, Vol. III, 1877, pp. 189-354.

F. BRAUER.--Die Zweifluegler des Kaiserlichen Museums zu Wien. I-III. Wien, 1880-'83.

Important contributions to the classification of the Diptera.

ORTHOPTERA.

HENRI DE SAUSSURE.--Orthoptera nova Americana (Diagnoses praeliminares). Series I-III. <Revue et Mag. de Zool., 1859-'61.

Contains synoptical tables of species, besides descriptions of numerous North American Orthoptera.

SAMUEL H. SCUDDER.--Materials for a monograph of the North American Orthoptera. <Boston Journal of Nat. Hist., Vol. VII, 1862, pp. 409-480.

Contains synoptical tables and a review of the system used for classification.

---- Remarks upon the arrangement of the families of Orthoptera. <Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. XII, 1868-'69; also separate under the title: Entomological Notes, Vol. II, pp. 7-14.

---- Synoptical tables for determining North American insects. Orthoptera. <Psyche, Vol. I, 1876, pp. 169-171.

Synopsis of families; also list of useful works in the study of North American Orthoptera.

NEUROPTERA.

HERMANN HAGEN.--Synopsis of the Neuroptera of North America, with a list of the South American species. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Washington, 1861.

---- Synopsis of the Odonata of America. <Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. XVIII, 1875, pp. 20-96.

SIR JOHN LUBBOCK.--Monograph of the Collembola and Thysanura. London, Ray Society, 1873.

The introduction gives the full bibliography up to date.

MYRIAPODA.

THOMAS SAY.--Descriptions of the Myriapoda of the United States. <Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., Vol. II, 1821, pp. 102-114; Say's Entom. Writings, ed. Le Conte, Vol. II, pp. 24-32.

This is the first paper of importance on the North American Myriapoda.

GEORGE NEWPORT.--Monograph of the class Myriapoda, Order Chilopoda. <Trans. Linnean Soc. of London, Vol. XIX, 1845, pp. 265-302 and 349-439.

HORATIO C. WOOD, Jr.--On the Chilopoda of North America, with Catalogue of all the specimens in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution. <Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., New Ser., Vol. V, 1863, pp. 5-42.

---- The Myriapoda of North America. <Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. XIII, 1865, pp. 137-248, 3 pl.

This is the first and only monograph of the Myriapoda published in this country.

ROBERT LATZEL.--Die Myriapoden der Oesterreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie. Erste Haelfte: Die Chilopoden, Wien, 1880. Zweite Haelfte: Die Symphylen, Pauropoden und Diplopoden, Wien, 1884.

The most recent comprehensive work on this order, and very important from a classificatory standpoint.

LUCIEN M. UNDERWOOD.--The North American Myriapoda. <Entomol. Amer., Vol. I, 1885, pp. 141-151.

A complete bibliographical review of the subject, with tables of families and genera.

ARACHNIDA.

N. M. HENTZ.--Descriptions and figures of the Araneides of the United States. <Journ. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vols, IV-VI, 1842-'50.

These papers form the basis of the study of American arachnology. Numerous species are described, but not in synoptic form.

T. THORELL.--On European Spiders. Part I. Review of the European genera of Spiders. Upsala, 1869-'70.

N. M. HENTZ.--Araneae Americae septentrionalis. The Spiders of the United States. Edited by J. H. Emerton and E. Burgess. <"Occasional Papers" of the Boston Society of Natural History, 1875.

A reprint of Hentz's papers on North American spiders.

GRAF EUGEN KEYSERLING.--Amerikanische Spinnen aus den Familien Pholcoidae, Scytodoidae und Dysderoidae. <Verh. k. k. zool.-bot. Ges. in Wien, Vol. XXVII, 1877, pp. 205-234.

---- Neue Spinnen aus Amerika. (Six parts.) <Verh. k. k. Zool.-bot. Ges. in Wien, Vols. XXIX-XXXIV, 1879-'84.

E. SIMON.--Les Arachnides de France. Paris, Vols. I-V, 1874-'84.

These two works represent the most recent systems of classification, and are therefore of great general value, although they deal only with the European fauna.

LUCIEN M. UNDERWOOD.--The Progress of Arachnology in America. <Amer. Natur., Vol. XXI, 1887, pp. 963-975.

A very useful review of the bibliography, with synoptic table of the families of the Araneae.

AMERICAN PERIODICALS.

THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. A monthly journal devoted to the natural sciences in their widest sense (24 volumes published up to date. Now published at Philadelphia).

BULLETIN OF THE BUFFALO SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY (4 volumes completed; 1874 to 1883).

BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF THE TERRITORIES, F. V. Hayden in charge (Department of the Interior; 1875 to 1879).

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