Part 17

=*FULMEN POWDER= is a 33-grain smokeless powder for shot-guns made by the Schultze Gunpowder Co.

=FULMENIT.=--A blasting explosive made by the German Nobel Co., containing ammonium nitrate, vegetable meal or charcoal, paraffin oil, trinitro-toluene and guncotton.

=WETTER-FULMENIT= is a coal-mine explosive which has been much used. It differs from the above in containing also sodium or potassium chloride--

Fulmenit. Wetter-Fulmenit.

Ammonium nitrate 86·5 76 76·5 Guncotton 4 0·5 4 Trinitro-toluene 5·5 11·8 5·5 Charcoal 1·5 1·5 1·5 Paraffin oil 2·5 0·2 2·5 Sodium chloride -- 10 10

=FUMYL.=--A smoke-producing explosive containing trinitro-toluene and ammonium chloride, used for opening poison-gas shell, etc.

=GATHURST POWDER.=--An explosive of the Grisounite class. According to an analysis given in Cundill and Thomson’s Dictionary it consisted of--

Ammonium nitrate 83·4 Dinitro-benzene 16·5 Moisture 0·1

=GEHLINGERIT.=--A German blasting explosive. Gesteins-Gehlingerit III. contains--

Ammonium nitrate 80 Trinitro-toluene 15 Flour 5

Wetter-Gehlingerit, which is a coal-mine explosive, contains also sodium or potassium chloride, and may contain up to 4 per cent. of nitroglycerine to increase its sensitiveness.

=GELATINÉ À L’AMMONIAQUE.=--A Belgian explosive, a mixture of blasting gelatine and ammonium nitrate.

=GELATINE DYNAMITE= is a mixture of blasting gelatine, potassium nitrate and a little wood meal. That made in Britain must contain between 70 and 77 per cent. of nitroglycerine; it may contain up to 2 per cent. of calcium or magnesium carbonate, or 1/2 per cent. of mineral jelly as a stabiliser. The following may be taken as an example of its composition--

Nitroglycerine 74·5 Collodion cotton 5·5 Wood meal 4 Potassium nitrate 15·5 Calcium carbonate 0·2 Moisture 0·3

In America brands are made of 35 to 80 per cent. strength.

=GELIGNITE= is similar to Gelatine Dynamite except that it contains a smaller proportion of blasting gelatine; in Britain the percentage of nitroglycerine must be between 56 and 63, e. g.--

Nitroglycerine 61 Collodion cotton 4·5 Wood meal 7 Potassium nitrate 27 Calcium carbonate 0·2 Moisture 0·3

There are also a number of modified Gelignites, which either contain sodium or barium nitrate in partial or entire replacement of the potassium nitrate, or else contain some substance to reduce the freezing point of the nitroglycerine and so diminish the danger of freezing, such as dinitro- or trinitro-toluene or dinitro-glycol.

=GESILIT.=--A German coal-mine explosive made by Nahnsen. It contains blasting gelatine, inorganic nitrates, sodium chloride, carbohydrates and dinitro-toluene--

I. II. III.

Blasting gelatine 30·75 30·75 32·5 Ammonium nitrate -- 22 22 Sodium nitrate 18 -- -- Dinitro-toluene 5·25 5·25 5·25 Dextrin 39 21 -- Pea flour -- -- 20 Sodium chloride 7 21 20·25

When tested in a gallery with an explosive gas mixture I. proved to be safer than the other two.

=GIANT COAL-MINE POWDERS= are American coal-mine explosives on the Permissible List. No. 5 is an ammonium nitrate explosive, whereas Nos. 6, 7 and 8 are low-grade dynamites mixed with hydrated salts.

=GIANT POWDER= is a name given in America to dynamite. No. 1 is a kieselguhr dynamite containing about 75 per cent. of nitroglycerine. Many varieties, however, do not contain kieselguhr, but consist of nitroglycerine mixed with wood pulp, sodium or potassium nitrate, resin, sulphur or other combustible matter. The nitroglycerine is sometimes gelatinised with collodion cotton, or in the “Extra” varieties is partially replaced by ammonium nitrate.

=GLONOINE= was an early name for nitroglycerine.

=GLUECKAUF.=--A German explosive of the Grisounite type consisting of ammonium nitrate and vegetable meal, to which might be added any of the following: sugar, resin, fatty oil, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, dinitro-benzene, ammonium oxalate, copper oxalate, copper nitrate ammonia, or sodium chloride. It was used for a time by several potash mines; was given up again by most of them.

=GOOD LUCK= was an explosive made by the Sprengstoffwerke Glueckauf A.-G., and was on the old British Permitted List for coal-mine explosives. It had the composition--

Ammonium nitrate 82·5 Dinitro-benzene 1 Turmeric 10·5 Copper oxalate 6