Part 13

Limit charge 12 oz. Power (swing of ballistic pendulum) 2·45”

Sicherheits Gallerte-=DYNAMIT=.--A German coal-mine explosive--

Nitroglycerine 32·25 Collodion cotton 1·25 Ammonium nitrate 22·6 Sodium nitrate 10·8 Vegetable meal 18 Potassium chloride 5·5 Gelatine 1·05 Dextrin 1·05 Glycerine 4·3 Moisture 3·2

Limit charge 50 g.

Wettersicheres Gelatine-=DYNAMIT=.--A German coal-mine explosive--

I. Ia. Nitroglycerine 40 38 Collodion cotton 1 1 Ammonium nitrate 27 25·5 Potassium nitrate 4 5 Ammonium oxalate -- 2·5 Rye flour 10 4 Liquid hydrocarbons 3·5 14 Fatty acid salt 12·5 10 Wood meal 2 --

Limit charge 50 100 g.

=DYNAMITE= is a name that has been given to various nitroglycerine explosives. Dynamite No. 1 consists of--

Nitroglycerine 75 Kieselguhr 25

the explosive being held in the pores of the kieselguhr. In other dynamites the nitroglycerine is absorbed in a material like wood meal, and a nitrate is added to oxidise the latter on explosion.

In Gelatine Dynamite the nitroglycerine is gelatinised with collodion cotton. See under Gelatine.

American Dynamites are not generally gelatinised with collodion cotton. They are made in a number of grades, depending on the percentage of nitroglycerine.

For further details about various dynamites, see textbooks on explosives.

=DYNAMITE ANTIGRISOUTEUSE.=--Belgian coal-mine explosive made at Baelen Wezel--

IV. V. Nitroglycerine 24 Nitroglycerine 44 Collodion cotton 1 Sodium sulphate 44 Ammonium nitrate 75 Wood meal 12

Of the above, IV. was found only to be safe in very small charges in the presence of fire-damp. No. V. has a “charge limite” of 700 grammes.

=DYNAMMON.=--The coal-mine explosive provided by the Austrian State monopoly--

Dynammon. Wetter-Dynammon. Ammonium nitrate 87-88 94 Potassium nitrate -- 2 Red charcoal 12-13 4 Density 0·9 0·85

=DYNOBEL.=--A coal-mine explosive made by Nobels. The first formula to pass the Rotherham Test contained potassium perchlorate--

Date of Permit 1-9-13 Nitroglycerine 33 Collodion cotton 0·7 Potassium perchlorate 27 Wood meal 10·3 Ammonium oxalate 29

Limit charge 22 oz. Power (swing of ballistic pendulum) 2·61”

Subsequently other formulæ of somewhat different composition passed the test--

No. 2. No. 3. No. 4. Date of Permit 16-8-15 14-4-16 14-4-16 Nitroglycerine 19·5 15 15 Collodion cotton 0·5 0·5 0·5 Trinitro-toluene} Dinitro-toluene } together 2 1·5 3 Dinitro-benzene } Ammonium nitrate 42 52 46 Wood meal 5·5 5·5 5·5 Sodium chloride 30 25 29·5 Magnesium carbonate 0·5 0·5 0·5

Limit charge 24 18 30 oz. Power (swing of ballistic pendulum) 2·46 2·50 2·35”

Of these only Nos. 3 and 4 are still permitted.

=*E.C. POWDER= was one of the first smokeless shot-gun powders, and is still one of the most successful. The composition has been varied somewhat from time to time, but it has always been a fibrous bulk powder. The following analyses were given in “Arms and Explosives,” 1917, p. 76--

No. 1. No. 2. No. 3. Date of Introduction 1882 1890 1897 Class 42-grain 42-grain 33-grain Nitrocotton, insoluble 30·0 15·9 44·0 ” soluble 28·2 41·0 30·4 Metallic nitrates 37·8 38·3 14·0 Resin 2·1 2·0 -- Vaseline -- -- 6·0 Camphor -- 1·0 4·0 Moisture 1·9 1·8 1·6 The powder is manufactured at Green Street Green, near Dartford in Kent. The name is derived from “Explosives Company.”

=ECHO= or =EKKO= is a blasting explosive made at Nitedal in Norway, consisting of ammonium nitrate, nitrocotton, trinitro-toluene, aluminium powder, and sometimes ferro-silicon. It has been used on the Continent for filling hand-grenades.