Part 40

SUB-ORDER IV.

BIRDS OF PREY (RAPTORES).

FAMILY I.--THE FALCONS (FALCONES), i., 293.

Sub-Family 1.--The Hunting Falcons (Hierofalco), i., 299; the Hunting Falcon (H. candicans), i., 299; the Polar Falcon (H. arcticus), i., 299; the Gier Falcon (H. gyrfalco), i., 299. " " 2.--The Wandering Falcons (Falco), i., 300; the Peregrine Falcon (F. peregrinus), i., 301; the Red-necked Falcon (F. ruficollis), i., 303; the Turumdi (F. Chiquera), i., 303. " " 3.--The Tree Falcons (Hypotriorchis), 306; the Tree Falcon (H. subbuteo), i., 306. " " 4.--The Bush Falcons (Hieracidea), i., 307; the Berigora (H. Berigora), i., 307. " " 5.--The Kestrels (Tinnunculus), i., 307; the Lark Kestrel (T. alaudarius), i., 308; the Kestrel (T. cenchris), i., 308. " " 6.--The Red-footed Falcons (Erythropus), i., 310; the Evening Falcon (E. vespertinus), i., 310. " " 7.--The Sparrow Falcons (Rhynchodon), i., 311; the Sparrow Falcon (R. sparverius), i., 311. " " 8.--The Dwarf Falcons (Hierax), i., 312; the Muti (H. cœrulescens), i., 312.

FAMILY II.--THE HAWKS (ACCIPITRES), ii., 1.

Sub-Family 1.--The Laughing Hawks (Herpetotheres), ii., 1; the Laughing Hawk (H. cachinnans), ii., 1. " " 2.--The Toothed Hawks (Harpagus), ii., 2; the Double-toothed Hawk (H. bidentatus), ii., 2. " " 3.--The Sparrow Hawks (Nisus), ii., 2; the Sparrow Hawk (N. communis), ii., 2. " " 4.--The Hawks Proper (Astur), ii., 4; the Gos Hawk (A. palumbarius), ii, 4. " " 5.--The Singing Hawks (Mclierax), ii., 6; the Singing Hawk (M. musicus and M. polyzonus), ii, 6. " " 6.--The Serpent Hawks (Polyboroides), ii., 7; the Serpent Hawk (P. typicus), ii., 7.

FAMILY III.--THE EAGLES (AQUILÆ), ii., 8.

Sub-Family 1.--The True Eagles (Aquila), ii., 10; the Tawny Eagle (A. fulva), ii., 11; the Golden Eagle (A. chrysaëtos), ii., 10; the Imperial Eagle (A. imperialis), ii., 10; the Spotted Eagle (A. nævia) ii., 13; the Dwarf Eagles (Hieraëtos), ii., 13; the Booted Eagle (H. pennata), ii., 14; the Dwarf Eagle (H. minuta), ii., 15. " " 2.--The Wedge-tailed Eagles (Uroaëtos), ii., 15; the Bold Wedge-tailed Eagle (U. audax), ii., 17. " " 3.--The Hawk Eagles (Pseudaëtos Eudolmaëtos, or Asturaëtos), ii., 17; the Hawk Eagle (P. Bonellii), ii., 17. " " 4.--The Hooded Eagles (Spizaëtos), ii., 18; the Martial Hooded Eagle (S. bellicosus), ii., 18. " " 5.--The Tufted Eagles (Lophaëtos), ii., 19; the Tufted Eagle (L. occipitalis), ii., 19. " " 6.--The Destroying Eagles (Pternura), ii., 19; the Urutaurana (P. tyrannus), ii., 20; Isidore's Destroying Eagle (P. Isidori), ii., 21. " " 7.--The Brazilian Eagles (Morphnus), ii., 21; the Crested Brazilian Eagle (M. Guianensis), ii., 21. " " 8.--The Harpy Eagles (Harpyia), ii., 22; the Harpy Eagle (H. destructor), ii., 22. " " 9.--The Sea Eagles (Haliaëtos), ii., 23; the Sea Eagle (H. albicilla), ii., 23; the White-headed Sea Eagle (H. leucocephalus), ii., 23; the African Screaming Sea Eagle (H. vocifer), ii., 27. " " 10.--The River Eagles, or Fish Hawks (Pandion), ii., 30; the Osprey (P. Haliaëtos), ii., 30.

FAMILY IV.--THE KITES (MILVI), ii., 31.

Sub-Family 1.--The Short-tailed Kites (Helotarsus), ii., 32; the Short-tailed Kite (H. ecaudatus), ii., 32. " " 2.--The Gliding Kites (Elanus), ii., 34; the True Gliding Kite (E. melanopterus), ii., 34. " " 3.--The Hovering Kites (Ictinia), ii., 35; the Mississippi Kite (I. Mississippiensis), ii., 35. " " 4.--The Crooked-billed Kites (Cymindis), ii., 36; the Buzzard Kite (C. uncinatus), ii., 36. " " 5.--The Hooded Kites (Baza), ii., 37; the Syama (B. lophotes), ii., 37. " " 6.--The Water Kites (Hydroictinia), ii., 37; the Black Kite (H. atra), ii., 37; the Govinda (H. Govinda), ii., 39; the Parasite Kite (H. parasitica), ii., 39. " " 7.--The True Kites (Milvus), ii., 40; the Red or Royal Kite (M. regalis), ii., 40. " " 8.--The Swallow-tailed Kites (Nauclerus), ii., 41; the Swallow-tailed Kite (N. furcatus), ii., 41. " " 9.--The Dwarf Swallow-tailed Kites (Chelidopterix), ii., 42; the Dwarf Swallow-tailed Kite (C. Riocouri), ii., 43. " " 10.--The Meadow Kites (Strigiceps), ii., 43; the Blue Kite, or Hen Harrier (S. cyaneus), ii., 43; the Pallid Harrier (S. pallidus), ii., 43; the Ash-coloured Harrier (S. cineraceus), ii., 44. " " 11.--The Marsh Kites (Circus), ii., 45; the Reed Kite, or Marsh Harrier (C. rufus), ii., 45. " " 12.--The Spotted Kites (Spilocircus), ii., 46; Jardine's Spotted Kite (S. Jardinii), ii., 46.

FAMILY V.--THE BUZZARDS (BUTEONES), ii., 47.

Sub-Family 1.--The Eagle Buzzards (Circaëtos), ii., 47; the Snake Buzzard (C. brachydactylus), ii., 48. " " 2.--The Crested Buzzards (Spilornis), ii., 50; the Bacha (S. Bacha), ii., 50. " " 3.--The Honey Buzzards (Pernis), ii., 50; the Wasp Kite (P. apivorus), ii., 50; the Crested Honey Buzzard (P. cristatus), ii., 52. " " 4.--The Rough-legged Buzzards (Archibuteo), ii., 52; the Winter Buzzard (A. Lagopus), ii., 52. " " 5.--The True Buzzards (Buteo), ii., 52; the Common or Mouse Buzzard (B. vulgaris), ii., 52. " " 6.--The Grasshopper Buzzards (Poliornis), ii., 54; the Red-winged Buzzard (P. rufipennis), ii., 54; the Tesa (P. tesa), ii., 54. " " 7.--The Hook-beaked Buzzards (Rostrhamus), ii., 55; the Caracolero (R. hamatus), ii., 55. " " 8.--The Urubitingas (Hypomorphnus), ii., 55; the Urubitinga (H. Urubitinga), ii., 55.

FAMILY VI.--THE VULTURE FALCONS (POLYBORI), ii., 56.

Sub-Family 1.--The Vulture Buzzards (Milvago), ii., 57; the Chimango (M. Chimachima), ii., 57; the Vulture Buzzard (M. Australis), ii., 58. " " 2.--The Vulture Falcons (Polyborus), ii., 58; the Carancho (P. Brasiliensis), ii., 58. " " 3.--The Screaming Buzzards (Ibicter), ii., 60; the Ganga (I. Americanus), ii., 60.

FAMILY VII.--THE CRANE VULTURES (GYPOGERANI), ii., 62.

Sub-Family 1.--The Secretary or Crane Vulture (Gypogeranus serpentarius), ii., 62.

FAMILY VIII.--THE VULTURE EAGLES (GYPAËTI), ii., 67.

Sub-Family 1.--The Lämmergeier (Gypaëtos), ii., 67; the Bearded Vulture (G. barbatus), ii., 67.

FAMILY IX.--THE VULTURES PROPER (VULTURES), ii., 69.

Sub-Family 1.--The Wattled Vultures (Sarcorhamphus), ii., 70; the Condor (Sarcorhamphus gryphus), ii., 70; the Californian Condor (S. Californianus), ii., 71; the King of the Vultures (S. papa), ii., 71. " " 2.--The Goose Vultures (Gyps), ii., 73; the Tawny Goose Vulture (G. fulvus), ii., 74; the Sparrow-hawk Goose Vulture (G. Rüppellii), ii., 74. " " 3.--The Crested Vultures (Vultur), ii., 75; the Cowled or Brown Vulture (V. cinereus), ii., 75; the Crested Vulture (Vultur or Lophogyps occipitalis), ii., 76. " " 4.--The Eared Vultures (Otogyps), ii., 76; the Eared Vulture (O. auricularis), ii., 77.

FAMILY X.--THE RAVEN VULTURES (CATHARTÆ), ii., 77.

Sub-Family 1.--The Scavenger Raven Vultures (Percnopterus), ii., 78; the Egyptian Raven Vulture (P. stercorarius), ii., 78. " " 2.--The Collared Vultures (Neophron), ii., 79; the Monk Vulture (N. pileatus), ii., 79. " " 3.--The True Raven Vultures (Cathartes), ii., 82; the Urubu (C. aura), ii., 82. " " 4.--The Crow Vultures (Coragyps), ii., 82; the Gallinazo (C. atratus), ii., 82.

FAMILY XI.--THE DAY OWLS (SURNIÆ), ii., 85.

Sub-Family 1.--The Falcon Owls (Surnia), ii., 85; the Sparrow-hawk Owl (S. Ulula), ii., 85. " " 2.--The Hare Owls (Nyctea), ii., 86; the Snow Owl (N. nivea), ii., 86. " " 3.--The Stone Owls (Athene), ii., 87; the Stone Owl (Athene noctua), ii., 87. " " 4.--The Burrowing Owls (Pholeoptynx), ii., 89; the Brazilian or Rabbit Owl (P. cunicularia), ii., 90; the Prairie Owl (P. hypogæa), ii., 90. " " 5.--The Sparrow Owls (Microptynx), ii., 91; the European Sparrow Owl (M. passerina), ii., 91.

FAMILY XII.--THE EARED OWLS (BUBONES), ii., 91.

Sub-Family 1.--The Uhus (Bubo), ii., 91; the Uhu (B. maximus), ii., 93. " " 2.--The Water Owls (Ketupa), ii., 95; the Brown Fish Owl (K. Ceylonensis), ii., 95. " " 3.--The Eared Owls (Otus), ii., 97; the Woodland Owl (O. sylvestris), ii., 97; the Marsh Owl (O. brachyotus), ii., 98. " " 4.--The Dwarf Eared Owls (Ephialtes), ii., 98; the Dwarf Eared Owl (E. Scops, or E. Carniolica), ii., 98.

FAMILY XIII.--THE NOCTURNAL OWLS (STRIGES), ii., 99.

Sub-Family 1.--The Tree Owls (Syrnium), ii., 99; the Tree Owl (S. aluco), ii., 99. " " 2.--The Night Owls (Nyctale), ii., 100; the Hairy-footed Night Owl (N. dasypus), ii., 100. " " 3.--The Veiled Owls (Strix), ii., 102; Kirchhoff's Owl (S. Kirchhoffii), ii., 102; the Barn Owl (S. flammea), ii., 102.