Part 80

=183=, 254. =a keele of sea-coale.= A keel was a flat-bottomed boat, used in the northeast of England, for loading and carrying coal. Afterwards the word was also used of the amount of coal a keel would carry, i. e. 8 chaldrons, or 21 tons 4 cwt. Sea-coal was the original term for the fossil coal borne from Newcastle to London by sea, to distinguish it from char-coal. Cf. Shakespeare, Merry Wives of Windsor, I, iv, 9, "at the latter end of a sea-coal fire."

=184=, 267. =a poore knights living.= The knights of Windsor, a small body who had apartments in the Castle, and pensions, were often known as "poor knights."

=185=, 278. =But killing of the King!= Cf. Bussy D'Ambois, III, ii, 411.

=188=, 332-3. =Why, is not . . . worthily.= If this is a complimentary allusion to Jaques' speech in As You Like It, II, vii, 140-166, it is remarkable as coming from the writer whom Shakespeare at an earlier date had probably attacked in his Sonnets.

=188=, 335-42. =what the good Greeke moralist sayes . . . of both.= This passage is based upon the Discourses of Epictetus, bk. IV, vii, 13, which, however, Chapman completely misinterprets. Epictetus is demonstrating that a reasonable being should be able to bear any lot contentedly. "+theleis penian phere kai gnosei ti estin penia tychousa kalou hypokritou. theleis archas? phere, kai ponous.+"

+hypokrites+ is used here metaphorically, of one who acts a part in life, not, as Chapman takes it, of an actor in the professional sense.

=188-189=, 354-5. =The splenative philosopher . . . all.= Democritus.

=189=, 356-74. =All objects . . . they were.= These lines are suggested by Juvenal's Satire, X, ll. 33-55, but they diverge too far from the original to be merely a paraphrase, as they are termed by the editor of the 1873 reprint.

=191=, 17-18. =That . . . fire.= Cf. Bussy D'Ambois, V, iv, 148-53.

=194=, 75. =These . . . armes.= Cf. Bussy D'Ambois, V, i, 128-154.

=200-201=, 40-3. =Since they . . . wrong'd:= since these decrees ensure the performance of that guardianship, so that earth and heaven are kept true to their original order and purpose, in no case must the wrong suffered by an individual man, as he thinks, be considered really a wrong done to him.

=203=, 105. =Euphorbus=, son of Panthous, a Trojan hero, who first wounded Patroclus, but was afterwards slain by Menelaus. Pythagoras, as part of his doctrine of the transmigration of souls, is said to have claimed to have been formerly Euphorbus.

=204=, 113-22. =What said . . . power.= The reference is to Sophocles' Antigone, 446-457, where the Princess justifies herself for burying her brother's body in defiance of Creon's edict.

=205=, 135-6. =For . . . authoritie.= The lines here paraphrased, to which Chapman gives a marginal reference, are from the Antigone, 175-7.

+Amechanon de pantos andros ekmathein psychen te kai phronema kai gnomen, prin ain archais te kai nomoisin entribes phainei.+

=205=, 141. =virtuosi.= The word is here used not in the sense of connoisseurs, but of devotees of virtue. The editor has not been able to trace any other instance of this.

=206=, 157-60. =that lyons . . . prey.= Adapted and expanded from the Discourses of Epictetus, bk. IV, i, 25. The original of the words quoted marginally by Chapman in a Latin version is, +ouchi d' hosoi malakoteron diexagei, tosoutoi doulikoteron?+

=207=, 181. =Simil.= By this marginal reference Chapman seems to indicate that ll. 176-181 are drawn from the same source--the Discourses of Epictetus--as ll. 157-160, to which the previous marginal note refers. But no such passage occurs in the Discourses.

=209-210=, 205-34 =The Massacre . . . never massacerd.= On this strange apologia for the Guise's share in the Massacre of St. Bartholomew, see Introduction, pp. xxxix-xl.

=209-210=, 211-32. =Who was in fault . . . lost.= Freely adapted and transposed from the Discourses of Epictetus, I, xxviii, 11-20.

=210-211=, 246-9. =your brave . . . deere.= Cf. Appendix B, where De Serres mentions the Count of Auvergne's "Scottish horse (which Vitry had given him) the which would have outrunne all the horses of France."

=213=, 5-6. =th'insulting Pillars Of Bacchus and Alcides.= These "Pillars" are mentioned together by Strabo (bk. III, vi), who relates that during Alexander's expedition to India the Macedonians did not see them, but identified those places with them, where they found records of the god or the hero.

=216=, 69-70. =What thinke . . . lackies coates.= Cf. Appendix B, where Nerestan has three "lackquaies," who are in reality "soldiars so attyred" for the purpose of arresting the Count of Auvergne.

=217=, 82-6. =Who knowes . . . made:= who is unaware that crafty policy pads out the giant that does his will, so that his wisdom may seem commensurate with his bulk, though it is merely for a trifling encounter with what, when touched, proves a shadow, though policy makes it out to be a monster.

=219=, 12. =The Locrian princes.= The inhabitants of Locri, a settlement near the promontory of Zephyrium, were celebrated for the excellence of their code of laws, drawn up by Zaleucus.

=220=, 41-46. =Demetrius Phalerius=, born about B. C. 345, was a follower of Phocion, and on the death of the latter in B. C. 317, became head of the Athenian administration. The citizens, in gratitude for his services, erected 360 statues to him, but afterwards turned against him. In B. C. 307 he was driven from Athens, sentence of death was passed on him, and the statues were demolished.

=220=, 47. =Demades=, a contemporary of Demosthenes, who, by his genius for extempore oratory, raised himself to a predominant position in Athens as a champion of the Macedonian influence, but afterwards incurred the penalty of +atimia+.

=228-230=, 209-34. =I will search you . . . search no more.= This episode is suggested by the following passage concerning the Count of Auvergne in Appendix B. "Hee was ready to call the two brothers of Murat into his cabinet, and to cause them to be searcht, for that he was well advertised that they alwayes carryed the Kings letters and his commandments. But a great resolution, thinking that there is no more harme in fearing, then in the thing that causeth feare, feares extremely to make shewe that hee hath any feare."