Part 51

SERVICE-- Forest, work of, 18.

SOCIALISM-- as a scheme of distribution, 170. defined, 167, 168. difficulties of establishing, 169. state, 167.

SOCIETY-- industrial, 1-8. Rochdale, 115.

SPECULATION, 51-55.

SPECULATOR-- social value of, 53.

SPENDING-- relation of, to saving, 129, 130.

SPINNING JENNY, 196, 255.

STANDARDIZATION-- system of, 38.

STANDARD OIL TRUST-- when formed, 42.

STATE-- as a regulator of industry, 7, 8. culture, theory, 167. ownership, 171, 172.

STATISTICS-- accidents in German industries traceable to different causes, 97. cause of idleness, members of trade unions (1900), 93. cause of poverty, 92. course of wages during 19th century, 173. expenditures for different purposes in different places, 128. growth of manufactures in 19th century, 30. hand and machine methods compared, 103. industrial and commercial gas trusts in U. S., (1860-1900), 42, 43. of commerce in U. S., 308, 309. of manufactures, 229-321. annual value of, 289. capital invested, 313, 314. exportation of, 291. importation of, 289. summary of, in U. S., 299. value of products of, 318-321. wage-earners employed (1900), 315. of population engaged in manufacturing in U. S., 310.

STEEL-- and concrete (article), 322-340. as material of construction, 322. re-inforcement, styles of, 324-326.

STRIKE-- defined, 78. losses from, in U. S., 78.

SYSTEM-- canal, 151, 152. domestic, 7. factory, beneficial results of, 60, 61. development of, 203-214. in England, 214. in U. S., 205, 206. evils of early, 80, 101-106. origin of, 185. independent treasury, 144. industrial, modern, 1-8. characteristics of, 3. of interchangeable parts, 38, 39. of standardization, 38. three-field, 2. wage, modern, 60-68.

TAX-- defined, 154. general property, 158. inheritance, 159.

TAXATION-- powers of, 154. problems of, 155, 156. rules of, 154, 155.

TEXTILES-- described, 251, 252. manufacturing of, 247-262.

TRADE UNIONS-- local, 69. national, 69. object and methods of, 71-77.

TRANSPORTATION, 145-154. inland water, 151. ocean water, 151.

TRUSTS-- advantages of, 225. and combinations, 222-230. defined, 216. economics of production peculiar to, 44. effects of, upon competitors, 46. upon consumers, 48, 226. upon labor, 47. upon opportunity, 49. upon wages, 226. evils of, remedied by legislative regulation, 50, 51. industrial and gas, organized in U. S. (1860-1900), 42, 43. reasons for growth of, 43, 45, 46.

UNEMPLOYED-- classified, 91. the (article), 384-402.

UNEMPLOYMENT-- a permanent problem, 95. cause of, 91-95, 384-386. extent of, 90. remedies for, 95, 387-390, 393-401.

WAGES-- iron law of, 124.

WATER FRAME, 256.

WEALTH-- functional distribution of, 119-121. personal distribution of, 120, 125-127.

WOMEN-- at work, 80-86. economic position of, 84.

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