Part 44

Continental Range—From New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, southward to Vermont, doubtfully reported for New Bedford, Massachusetts; westward to Oneida, New York, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, Indiana, and Texas.

New England Range—Maine, infrequent; New Hampshire, rare; Vermont, Pownal, Swamp of Oracles (Marcus White), rare; Massachusetts, Berlin, and Spencer (Dr. G. E. Stone); Mount Greylock bog, North Adams (Marcus White), rare.

2.—ACHROANTHES UNIFOLIA (Michaux) Rafinesque, 1803-1808

GREEN ADDER’S-MOUTH

The specific name, unifolia, one-leaved, refers, like the preceding species, to the 1 leaf.

Small damp woodland orchid, with bulbous root. May-June 26th (South)-July 25th-August 10th-September (North).

=Flowers= in club-shaped raceme 1-3 inches long, 1 inch thick; greenish, minute, ¹⁄₁₂ inch long, pedicels slender, spreading, ¼-½ inch long. =Labellum= broad, 3-toothed at apex. =Sepals= oblong. =Stem=, 4-10 inches high. =Leaf=, 1, near the middle of stem, clasping, nearly orbicular. =Seed-capsule= oval, drooping.

Continental Range—From Newfoundland, Ontario, southward to Florida; westward to Missouri and Minnesota. Ascends 4000 feet altitude in North Carolina.

New England Range—Maine, frequent; New Hampshire, frequent; Vermont, Pownal (Grace G. Niles), rare; Massachusetts, Mount Greylock pasture, North Adams (Marcus White), rare; Rhode Island, rare; Connecticut, rare.

Leptorchis

Thouars, 1808

(Liparis Richard, 1818)

LILY-LEAVED TWAYBLADE

The generic name, Leptorchis, comes from the Greek, referring to a slender orchid. The former name, Liparis, referred to the smooth and shining leaves of these plants.

Small low orchids with bulbous roots. =Anther=, 1. =Labellum= nearly flat, often bearing 2 tubercles above the base. =Sepals= and =petals= spreading, petals usually narrow. =Flowers= in a terminal raceme, numerous and showy. =Pollinia=, 4, 2 in each anther-sac, smooth and waxy, slightly united, without stalks or glands. =Stem= or =scape=, 2-10 inches high. =Leaves=, 2, basal, broad, oval and shining, with several sheathing scales at base. Two or three seasons bulbs adhere to the latest bulb, and in time wither away. =Seed-capsule= long, erect, club-shaped.

Continental Range—In moist woodlands and along springy roadside banks. From Canada, New England southward to Georgia; westward to Iowa, Minnesota, and Washington. There are about 100 species of this genus, distributed in the temperate and tropical regions of the world.

North American species north of Mexico 2 New England species 2 Hoosac Valley species 2

New England species:

1. L. liliifolia (Linnæus) Kuntze, 1753-1891. 2. L. Loeselii (Linnæus) MacMillan, 1753-1892.

1.—LEPTORCHIS LILIIFOLIA (Linnæus) Kuntze, 1753-1891

LARGE LILY-LEAVED TWAYBLADE

The specific name, liliifolia, refers to the lily-leaves of this species.

Small, moist woodland orchid, with bulbous onion-like roots, more or less exposed. May 17th-June 1st-July 16th.

=Flowers= purplish-green in loose terminal raceme, many-flowered, and showy. =Labellum= purple, wedge-obovate. =Sepals= and =petals= narrow and reflexed. =Stem= or =scape=, 4-10 inches high. =Leaves=, 2, basal, oval, 2-5 inches long, smooth shining emerald-green. =Seed-capsule= club-shaped, erect.

Continental Range—From Maine southward to Georgia and Alabama; westward to Minnesota.

New England Range—Maine, rare; New Hampshire, infrequent; Vermont, infrequent; Massachusetts, infrequent; Rhode Island, rare; Connecticut, frequent.

2.—LEPTORCHIS LOESELII (Linnæus) MacMillan, 1753-1892

LOESEL’S GREEN TWAYBLADE—FEN-ORCHIS