Part 2

V OIL-LAMPS OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY 51

VI EARLY GAS-LIGHTING 63

VII THE SCIENCE OF LIGHT-PRODUCTION 80

VIII MODERN GAS-LIGHTING 97

IX THE ELECTRIC ARCS 111

X THE ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT FILAMENT LAMPS 127

XI THE LIGHT OF THE FUTURE 143

XII LIGHTING THE STREETS 152

XIII LIGHTHOUSES 163

XIV ARTIFICIAL LIGHT IN WARFARE 178

XV SIGNALING 194

XVI THE COST OF LIGHT 208

XVII LIGHT AND SAFETY 225

XVIII THE COST OF LIVING 238

XIX ARTIFICIAL LIGHT AND CHEMISTRY 256

XX LIGHT AND HEALTH 269

XXI MODIFYING ARTIFICIAL LIGHT 284

XXII SPECTACULAR LIGHTING 298

XXIII THE EXPRESSIVENESS OF LIGHT 310

XXIV LIGHTING THE HOME 325

XXV LIGHTING--A FINE ART? 341

READING REFERENCES 357

INDEX 359

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Light and Liberty Frontispiece FACING PAGE Primitive fire-baskets 16

Crude splinter-holders 16

Early open-flame oil and grease lamps 17

A typical metal multiple-wick open-flame oil-lamp 32