An Annotated Check List of the Mammals of Michoacán, México

Part 1

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An Annotated Check List of the Mammals of MichoacAin, MA(C)xico

E. RAYMOND HALL and BERNARDO VILLA R.

University of Kansas Publications

Museum of Natural History

Volume 1, No. 22, pp. 431-472, 2 plates, 1 figure in text

December 27, 1949

University of Kansas

LAWRENCE

1949

UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, A. Byron Leonard, Edward H. Taylor, Robert W. Wilson

Volume 1, No. 22, pp. 431-472, 2 plates, 1 figure in text

December 27, 1949

UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS

Lawrence, Kansas

PRINTED BY

FERD VOILAND, JR., STATE PRINTER

TOPEKA, KANSAS

1949

22-6113

An Annotated Check List of the Mammals of MichoacAin, MA(C)xico

E. RAYMOND HALL and BERNARDO VILLA R.

INTRODUCTION

When General LAizaro Cardenas was President of the Republic of MA(C)xico, encouragement was given by his administration to linguistic groups of native American peoples to record in printed form, eventually in their native languages, accounts of their cultural accomplishments and accounts of the natural resources of the regions concerned. For the Tarascan "Empire" centering in the state of MichoacAin, a committee of Mexicans and citizens of the United States of America was formed to forward these aims. Under the leadership of ethnologists on the committee, especially Professor Daniel Rubin F. de la Borbolla and Professor Ralph L. Beals, invitations to coAśperate in the studies were extended to biologists. One of us (Hall) was invited to investigate the fauna of native wild mammals. In 1943, assisted by a fellowship which Hall at that time held from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, and with support from Miss Annie M. Alexander, through the University of California Museum of Vertebrate ZoAślogy, most of March--March 3 to March 29, 1943--was spent in the state of MichoacAin.

Bernardo Villa R. of the Instituto de BiologA-a de la Universidad de MA(C)xico was a member of the party from March 23 to 27. Previously, March 4 to 22, Roberto AlcAintar from the Universidad de MichoacAin, in Morelia, participated in the field work. Mr. J. R. Alcorn was active in the collecting from the beginning until he entrained for the United States on March 24. The remainder of the field party was made up of E. Raymond Hall, his wife Mary F. Hall, and their three sons, William Joel, Hubert H., and Benjamin D. Hall.

From March 4 to 15 we collected at, and in the vicinity of, PAitzcuaro. We were housed in two cottages kindly made available by Sr. Efrain Buenrostro, in Campo Turista Janitzio, 200 meters northwest of the railroad station in Colonia RevoluciA cubedn. The shore of Lake PAitzcuaro, the cultivated fields surrounded by stone fences, and the oak and pine forests roundabout provided varied habitats.

From March 16 to 23 we collected in the territory 1 to 6 miles south of TacAimbaro, making our headquarters in the Europa Hotel, in the town. The steep main street of TacAimbaro with native pines at the upper end descends to plantings of bananas and sugar cane at the lower end. Our collecting all was done below (south of) the town in the semitropical country and none at all was done above (north of) the town.

Part 2

From March 24 to 27 (three night's trapping) we collected in the vicinity of Zamora, making our headquarters in rooms diagonally across the street intersection from the Hotel Fenix.

The resulting specimens, approximately 650 in number, were deposited in the Museum of Vertebrate ZoAślogy at the University of California at Berkeley.

A noteworthy coincidence is that on the very day, February 26, on which we crossed the international border into MA(C)xico at Laredo, the beginning of the new volcano, ParicutA-n, was announced in the daily press. Our collecting of mammals in MichoacAin was nearly all done in sight of the towering white plume of this rapidly heightening volcanic cone and frequently our traps were thickly dusted with its wind-borne ash. Our eagerness at that time to have stations established for observing the effects on vertebrates of the deposition of ash, was gratified in that Dr. Robert T. Hatt independently had the same idea and such observations at appropriate places and times were begun by him and staff members of the Museum of ZoAślogy of the University of Michigan. One of us, Villa, was privileged to share in these observations in the spring of 1947.

This continuing interest in the mammals of MichoacAin has made it seem, to us, the more desirable to place on record our findings as to kinds and occurrence of species. In doing this we have examined the collections made previously on Cerro TancA-taro and vicinity by the field party led by Mr. Harry Hoogstraal from the University of Illinois and the Chicago Natural History Museum. The specimens of mammals collected by this field party are in the Chicago Natural History Museum and we are obliged to Mr. Karl P. Schmidt, Mr. Colin C. Sanborn and the late Dr. Wilfred H. Osgood for the privilege of studying this material.

Drs. William H. Burt and Emmet T. Hooper, of the Museum of ZoAślogy of the University of Michigan, lent to us for examination five specimens of bats, of as many species, which they had taken in MichoacAin. Drs. Remington Kellogg and Henry W. Setzer have provided us with data on specimens of deer and peccary from MichoacAin which are in the United States National Museum. Specimens in the Institute of Biology of the University of MA(C)xico have been used. Financial provision by the Kansas University Endowment Association has enabled us to obtain specimens needed for comparison from other parts of MA(C)xico.

In addition to the materials mentioned above we have used published references to mammals of MichoacAin and have prepared the following lists of kinds of mammals positively known to us to occur in the Mexican state of MichoacAin. It is noteworthy that specimens recorded in the literature from AcAimbaro, MichoacAin, no longer are to be ascribed to MichoacAin, since a relocation of the boundary between the states of MichoacAin and Guanajuato, places AcAimbaro in the latter state.

Our aims were: (1) To record kinds of mammals positively known from the state, under the correct scientific name, and vernacular names in English, Spanish, and Tarascan. The first Tarascan name is given in the spelling used by Tarascans followed by the phonetic equivalent in English in parentheses. (2) To indicate the geographic range of each kind in the state, and, (3) To record miscellaneous information which it is thought probably will be useful in one way or another to other students whose work certainly will lengthen the list of kinds of mammals known from MichoacAin and otherwise add to our knowledge of them.

Several kinds of bats, of which we lack records, certainly occur in MichoacAin. Four or five kinds of cats (genus Felis), species of the genera Potos, Lutra, Tayra, Grison, and several other kinds of mammals of which we now lack positive record, also probably occur there; the list of kinds, we expect, will number more than one hundred species and subspecies when more intensive collecting has been done in the state. In all, we have positive record of 85 kinds of native, wild mammals of which specimens have been examined or recorded from MichoacAin. Distances and elevations here are recorded either in the metric system or in the English system, according to the system used on the labels of the specimens concerned. Unless otherwise indicated, catalogue numbers of more than 100,000 are of specimens in the University of California Museum of Vertebrate ZoAślogy and numbers of less than 100,000 are of the Chicago Natural History Museum.

ACCOUNTS OF SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES

=Didelphis mesamericana mesamericana= Oken

Opossum; Spanish, Tlacuache; Tarascan, Ujkuri (Ukuri)

Did[elphys]. mesamericana Oken, Lehrbuch d. Naturgesch., pt. 3, 2:1152, 1816, type from northern MA(C)xico.

Didelphis mesamericana, Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 16:256, August 18, 1902.

Range.--Statewide.

Specimens examined, 7: nos. 100063-100067, 100074, 51396, distributed by localities as follows: PAitzcuaro (3 mi. N, 6,700 ft., 1; 2 mi. W, 6,700 ft., 2; 5 mi. S, 7,800 ft., 1), 4; TancA-taro, 1; 1-3/4 mi. S TacAimbaro, 5,700 ft., 1; 1 mi. E and 6 mi. S TacAimbaro, 1.

Remarks.--The coarse overhair is white all the way to the base in three specimens but is black in its distal two thirds (white in basal third) in four specimens. The overhair, six centimeters anterior to the base of the tail, is 83 (80-85) mm. long in the three gray specimens (those with white overhair) and 68 (64-72) mm. long in the black specimens. The ears and all four feet are black. The tail is black in its proximal half and white in its distal half except in one specimen in which the distal half is almost as dark as the proximal half. Of the two largest specimens, one is a female from 1-3/4 mi. S TacAimbaro and the other, a male is from 6 mi. S of the same place. Measurements are: Total length, 810, 786; length of tail, 360, 348; length of hind foot, --, 58; condylobasal length, 110.0; 99.6; zygomatic breadth, 68.5; 59.6; length of nasals, 59.7, 45.0. The tail amounts to 48, 48 and 47 per cent of the total length in specimens from PAitzcuaro; 50 per cent in one from TancA-taro; 45 and 44 per cent in two from TacAimbaro. The subspecies mesamericana probably intergrades with Didelphis virginiana virginiana by way of D. m. texensis and D. v. pigra, as Davis (1944:375) and other writers suggest, in which case the proper name of the subspecies mesamericana would be Didelphis virginiana mesamericana. Until intergradation is actually demonstrated, it seems best to use the name D. m. mesamericana.

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