Section 2.--Sour.

SUB-SECTION 1.--SELF-COLORED.

=Bailey's Golden.=

"Origin Kennebec County, Maine. Tree productive; Fruit large, oblong, flattened at base and crown; Skin yellowish, slightly russeted, with a warm cheek; Stem short, surrounded by russet, in a broad, deep cavity; Calyx large and open, basin shallow; Flesh white, with a pleasant sub-acid flavor; January to March."--[Downing.]

=Carolina Red June.=

Origin southern, though long extensively grown in the North, and everywhere in the West a favorite early fruit.

Tree hardy, vigorous, healthy, upright, early bearer, productive; Shoots slender, dark; Foliage dark.

Fruit small to medium, form variable, but generally oblong-ovate, regular; Surface smooth, deep red on white, nearly universal; Dots minute.

Basin shallow, folded, plaited; Eye small, closed; Segments reflexed.

Cavity narrow, acute; Stem medium or short.

Core oval, open, meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, small, plump; Flesh white, very tender, fine-grained, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, not rich; Quality good; Use, table and market; Season, June and July--one of the earliest.

There is a striped variety, the Striped June, from Virginia, similar in every respect except the external markings. It is, of course, quite different from the Virginia June.--(Q. vide p. 500.)

=Crawford Keeper.=

This fruit was received from H.N. Gillett, Lawrence County, Ohio.

Fruit large, cylindrical, oblong, lop-sided; Surface smooth, purplish red; Dots numerous, fawn colored.

Basin wide, shallow, wavy; Eye small, closed.

Cavity acute, regular, rough, brown; Stem medium.

Core regular, open; Seeds numerous, brown; Flesh yellow, breaking, tender, fine-grained, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, rich; Quality good to very good; Use, table; Season, February to April. Very desirable.

=Cumberland Spice.=

Origin New Jersey; not very extensively cultivated, for, though sometimes excellent, it is not found to be a profitable sort.

Fruit rather oblong, contracted toward the eye, or ovate, regular; sometimes the Axis is inclined; Surface pale yellow; Dots large, brown, scattered.

Basin shallow, regular or folded; Eye large, partially closed.

Cavity deep, acute; Stem generally long.

Core large, round, very open, not touching the eye; Seeds numerous, large, pointed; Flesh yellow, tender, breaking, juicy; Flavor acid to sub-acid, rich, aromatic; Quality good to best, but uncertain; Use, table, kitchen, not profitable; Season, October to December.

=Curtis Greening.=

This fruit was found in Illinois; origin uncertain.

Fruit medium to large, cylindrical, oblong, truncated; Axis inclined; Surface yellow, bronzy; Dots numerous, dark, indented.

Basin abrupt, wide, regular; Eye large, open.

Cavity deep, acute, regular; Stem short.

Core small, fig-shaped, closed, clasping; Seeds numerous, small, plump; Flesh yellow, breaking; Flavor sub-acid, rich; Quality good; Use, table and kitchen; Season, January and February.

=Dawson's Cluster.=

From Clark County, Ohio.

Fruit full medium, oblong-truncate or ovate, regular; Surface smooth, pale yellow, blushed lightly with brown; Dots scattered, gray.

Basin abrupt, regular; Eye large, closed.

Cavity very acute, wavy; Stem long, with a knob.

Core medium, heart-shaped, regular, closed, clasping; Seeds numerous, plump, large; Flesh yellowish-white, fine-grained, tender, juicy; Flavor sub-acid; Quality good; Use, kitchen, but chiefly recommended for cider; Season, November. An enormous bearer.

=Franklin Golden.=

HUGHES' AMERICAN GOLDEN PIPPIN.

Tree thrifty, upright, moderately productive; Fruit oblong, cylindrical; Surface smooth, yellow; Dots distinct, gray, not numerous.

Basin wide, shallow, finely plaited; Eye long, closed.

Cavity medium, greenish; Stem long.

Core small, pyriform, regular, closed, clasping; Seeds plump, pointed; Flesh yellow, tender, fine-grained, juicy; Flavor acid, rich; Quality very good; Use, table; Season, mid-winter.

A choice dessert fruit.

=Grimes' Golden.=

Another apple of similar and equally high character. Origin, Brooke County, Virginia. Introduced to the State Pomological Society by our zealous fellow member S.B. Marshall, Massillon, Ohio, who obtained it from N. Wood, of Belmont County.

Tree vigorous, healthy, spreading, productive, bears early; Shoots stout, dark; Foliage abundant, dark green.

Fruit full medium, cylindrical, regular; Surface yellow, vein-russeted; Dots numerous, minute.

Basin abrupt, folded; Eye large, closed.

Cavity wide, regular, green; Stem long, curved.

Core small, pyriform, closed, meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, plump, brown; Flesh yellow, firm, breaking, very fine-grained, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, aromatic, spicy, rich, refreshing; Quality very best; Use, dessert, too good for aught else; those who have tried it say that it is excellent for cooking; Season, January to March.

=Kirkbridge White.=

This fruit has been pretty extensively cultivated in some parts of the Western States, and sometimes mistaken for the Yellow June. Tree of moderate growth, bears early, productive.

Fruit small, oblong-conic, regular; Surface smooth, pale yellow or white; Dots minute, gray, scattered.

Basin small, shallow or abrupt, narrow, regular; Eye small, closed; Segments reflexed.

Cavity deep, acute, regular, brown; Stem long, slender, green.

Core medium, pyriform, regular, open, meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, plump, pointed, brown; Flesh white, fine-grained, tender, juicy; Flavor sub-acid; Quality very good; Use, table, market; Season, July, August, after Early Harvest.

=Ortley.=

WHITE BELLFLOWER, And Many Others.

This excellent New Jersey apple has been cultivated very satisfactorily over a great extent of our country, and is still seen in some Western collections, exhibiting all its peculiar beauty, but in many places where it was a great favorite but a few years since, it has become so defective from scab and bitter-rot that it is rapidly disappearing from the nurseries and orchards.

Tree vigorous, healthy, upright, becoming large and spreading, very productive; Shoots stout, dark, bearing limbs brittle, and often broken by the fruit.

Fruit large, oblong, conic, truncated, regular; Surface smooth, pale yellow, rarely blushed light carmine, and red spots; Dots minute, indented, white bases seen only in the unripe fruit.

Basin medium, regular, plaited; Eye small, very long, closed.

Cavity deep, acute, regular, brown; Stem long, slender.

Core medium, oval, regular, open, meeting the very long eye; Seeds numerous, short, plump, pointed, dark, easily loosened, when they rattle in the large open capsules; Flesh yellowish, tender, breaking, juicy; Flavor acid to sub-acid, sprightly, refreshing; Quality best; Use, table, kitchen; Season, November to January.

The threatened failure of this fine fruit is much to be regretted. Its tissue is so fine as to suit even the invalid or convalescent, who could not safely partake of a more solid apple.

=Porter.=

Native of Sherburne, Massachusetts. Tree vigorous, healthy, productive.

Fruit rather large, oblong, somewhat conic, often truncated; Surface smooth, yellow, often faintly blushed; Dots few, sunken.

Basin abrupt, folded; Eye large, closed.

Cavity acute, wavy, brown; Stem medium.

Core medium, oval, regular, closed, meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, plump; Flesh yellowish white, breaking, tender, juicy; Flavor acid to sub-acid; Quality good to very good; Use, kitchen, table, market; Season, August to October.

=Spark's.=

SPARK'S LATE.

Fruited by Jas. H. Crain, of Undulation, Pulaski County, Illinois, on trees received from J.W. Felt & Co., Crystal Springs, Mississippi.

Special origin unknown, but believed to be southern. Tree vigorous, upright and productive; Shoots stout.

Fruit full medium to large, oblong, conic, regular, handsome; Surface greenish-yellow; Dots numerous, rather large, gray and rough.

Basin shallow, small, regular; Eye very small, closed.

Cavity deep, acute, regular, green; Stem medium to long.

Core medium, oval, closed, meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, plump; Flesh yellow, breaking, fine-grained, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, rich, very aromatic; Use, dessert especially; Season, December and January; Quality best.

* * * * *

CLASS IV.--OBLONG APPLES.

+ORDER I.--REGULAR.+