Part 322

Circular, addressed to absent member at the first session of Senate, 9.

Citizenship, during absence, see contested election of William Smith, 96.

City Hall, New York, use of, tendered to Congress, 10; accepted, 10.

Civil List for 1796, note, 629.

CLAIBORNE, THOMAS, Representative from Virginia, 457, 527, 608; on the reduction of salaries, 571, 575.

CLARK, ABRAHAM, Representative from New Jersey, 316, 388, 455; on the ratio of representation, 326; on election of President, 334; on attendance of Secretary of War, 391; on the reduction of the army, 405; further remarks, 407; on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, 462; on the relief of do., 474; on the commerce of the United States, 472; on the preparations for the Algerine War, 475; on the embargo, 500; urges postponement of indemnity resolutions, 504; asks what taxes are paid by back settlers, 506; opposes duties on manufactured tobacco and refined sugar, 507.

CLAXTON, THOMAS, elected assistant doorkeeper of House, 22, 315.

CLINTON, GEORGE, votes for as Vice President in 1789, 10; vote for as Vice President in 1793, 386.

CLOPTON, JOHN, Representative from Virginia, 604.

CLYMER, GEORGE, Representative from Pennsylvania, 22, 175, 255; engages in the discussion on laying duties on imports, 27; advocates protection of unwrought steel, 35; on state of paper mills in Pennsylvania, 41; sustains the power of the President to remove certain officers, 89; opposed to title for President, 68; opposed to incorporating amendments in the body of the constitution, 134; on the right of instruction, 139; on the location of the seat of Government on the Susquehanna, 151.

Coal, duty fixed, 42, 113.

COBB, DAVID, Representative from Massachusetts, 455, 527.

COCKE, WILLIAM, Senator from Tennessee, 602.

Cod Fisheries.--A bill for the encouragement of the bank and cod fisheries, and for the regulation and government of the fishermen employed therein, considered, 350; motion to strike out first section, 350; principle of the bill doubted, a bounty on occupations, 350; no powers given to Congress for such a purpose, 350; the revenue to be employed in this bounty is to be drawn from all the sources of revenue, 350; an authority given to any government to exercise such a principle would lead to tyranny, 350; bad policy to encourage an occupation that would diminish rather than increase the aggregate wealth, 351; the bill does not contain that kind of encouragement essential to national defence, 351; the part of the national defence derived from the fisheries would be too costly, 351; to show the propriety of the measure, it should be demonstrated that the trade is in a state of decay, &c., 351; that there is a system of defence involved, &c., 351.

The fisheries are confined to Massachusetts, which is a part of the Union, 351; they are a nursery of hardy seamen, a never failing source of protection to commerce, 351; more annoyance to the enemy from privateers, in the war, than from any other source, 351; all desired by the bill is to avoid the burden of duties, 352; the drawback on exported fish benefits the merchant, not the fishermen, 352; this bill pays the same money to the fishermen, 352; no bounty in the case, 352; it is only a drawback on the salt used on the fish, 352; the fishermen are now under no control, 352; bounty given only to those who conform to regulations, 352; constitution says no duty shall be laid on exports, 352; on exporting dried fish, the exporter is entitled to draw back the duty paid on the salt--this is the whole question, 352; defects of drawback law shown, 352; bill defended on three grounds, 353; it will increase the national wealth, 353; it affords naval protection in time of war, 353; character of the fishermen, 353; product of the fisheries, 354; anticipated increase in exports, 354; advantages now derived by the Government, 355; mode of paying the bounty explained, 355; not a dollar will be charged to the public, 355; other points considered, 356; justice only is asked, 356; it is not a bounty, 356; we ask that the drawback, in all instances, shall be equal to the money received, 356; the allowance proposed will not be greater than the drawback on exportation, 356; if it were a bounty, it would only be similar to the indulgence granted the land and agricultural interests, 357; how can Massachusetts contribute for protection to the Western frontier when no contribution is made to support her commerce, which, without it, will be ruined? 357; diminution of revenue shown, in consequence of the failure of the fisheries, 357.

The money to be given will exceed the drawback, 358; this surplus is a bounty, and Congress has no power to grant bounties, 358; two or three provisions of the constitution to the point, 358; what will follow the doctrine of bounties, 358; guards in the constitution against the dangerous bias of interest which the doctrine of bounties subverts, 358; the objects of the bounty mark a dangerous innovation, 359; it is better to increase the drawback, a plan comprehending the useful parts of the bill without the objections, 359.

Nothing of a bounty except the name in the bill, 360; the object of the bill is to encourage fishermen and thereby increase their numbers, and to govern them by certain laws by which they will be kept under due restraint, 360; these points considered, 360; the bill proposes to commute the drawback on the exportation of fish to a payment on the tonnage--thus no bounty, 361; the bill contemplates no more than what the merchant is entitled to by existing laws, 361; the powers of the Government must, in various cases, extend to granting bounties, 361.

A material distinction here between an allowance as a mere commutation and modification of a drawback, and an allowance in the nature of a real and positive bounty, 362; the term bounty improper here, and does not express the sense of the bill, 362; some think Congress may do any thing they may think conducive to the "general welfare" 362; this term examined at some length, 362; consequences of the novel idea advanced, 363; the power of Congress, if established to this latitude, would subvert the Government, 363; is it worthy the attention of the Government that the cod fisheries should be preserved? 363; privilege carefully secured in the treaty with Great Britain, 363; products obtained in exchange for fish are dutiable, 364.

Congress does not possess the power, 364; arguments for the bounty examined at length, 365; perhaps the State Legislature should give the bounty, 365; framers of the constitution guarded against partial preferences extremely, 366; is it politic and wise to exert this power even if it be authorized by the constitution? 366; an examination of terms used, 368; distinction between bounties and drawbacks, 368; arguments drawn from the term "general welfare" dangerous, 368; general welfare and particular welfare, 368; the inherent rights of the Government, 369; passage of the bill, 369.

Coffee, duty on, 33.

COFFIN, PELEG, Jr., Representative from Massachusetts, 456, 528.

COIT, JOSHUA, Representative from Connecticut, 457, 527, 604; on the rights of the House relative to treaties, 687; on the execution of the British treaty, 731; on the admission of Tennessee, 757.

COLES, ISAAC, Representative from Virginia, 23, 175, 456, 604.

Commerce of United States.--Report of Secretary of State on the privileges, and restrictions on the commerce of the United States in foreign countries, considered, 458; note on, 458; proceedings previous to the adoption of the constitution, 458; duty to see if such measures could not be taken as would be promotive of those objects for which the Government was in a great measure instituted, 458; effects of such a movement, 458; numerous considerations advanced, 459; line to which the debate should be confined, 464; Great Britain and France, the two powers aimed at in the restrictions proposed, 464; an accurate and impartial comparison of the commercial systems of the two countries in reference to the United States; the test of the solidity of these propositions, 464; results of the comparison, 464.

Should any thing be done at this time in the way of commercial regulations towards vindicating and advancing our national interests? 465; Navigation Act of Great Britain, 465; to allow trade to regulate itself, is not to be admitted as a maxim universally sound, 465; history of American policy, 466; trade between the United States and Great Britain, considered, 466.

We should not regard the favoring of the French and British nation, but study to do that which would tend to the promotion of our own commerce and the interest of our own navigation, 467; which would suffer most, the United States or Great Britain? 467; three fourths of our revenue is derived from our commerce with Great Britain, 467; our intercourse with Great Britain, excepting some points, is as favorable as we can expect, 468; a judicious system of regulations would be of infinite advantage to the maritime interest of this country, 468; principles in regard to trade, 468; the subject is divided into navigation and manufactures, 469; navigation considered, 469; benefits derived from the consumption of European manufactures, 470; on the trade between America and Great Britain, 471; fixed principles and regulations by which to promote our commerce, 472; question considered in a political light, 472; the question postponed, 473.

Promoting Commerce by the increase of American seamen; moved that a committee be appointed to report bills for, 395; injury and insult arising from having British seamen, 395; cases of search and seizure stated, 396; conduct of Great Britain, 396; Government should take steps to secure abundance of American seamen, 396; motion adopted, 396.

Committee.--Senate, 1st Congress; on judiciary, 10; on rules in cases of conference, 10; on manner of electing chaplains, 10; on arrangements for receiving President, 10; to wait on Vice President, 11; on conducting the ceremonial of receiving the President, 11; to prepare an answer to Washington's Inaugural, 12; of House to report a bill regulating oaths, 22; of House to receive President, 37; to receive Vice President, 37; on supplies ordered, 46; appointed, 46; on disposition of papers in the office of late Secretary of United States, 46; on the answer to Washington's Inaugural, 46; on supplies; instructions to, 57; of Conference with Senate on disagreement relative to title of President, 69; to draft bills organizing Executive Departments, 94; to draft bills on pay of members, 126; on the establishment of a land office, 127; on enrolled bills, 129; to bring in bills relative to a seat of Government, 164; of Senate to draft an address to the President, 169; of Senate to bring in a bill additional to the Judiciary Act, 170; on unfinished business of last session, 170; of House on unfinished business of the last session, 171; to wait upon the President, 175; to prepare an address to the President, 178; of Senate to draft an answer to the President's address, third session, first Congress, 253; standing, appointed by the Speaker, 315; on rules, 315; to prepare an answer to the President's address, 316.