Part 17

Bayberry.│ „

Clethra. │ „

Dutch │ „ Myrtle. │

Elder. │ „

Locust. │ „

Privet. │ „

Willow. │ „

─────────┬───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Black │SECTION 2.—A general mixture of rusty green and yellow, Walnut. │sometimes pure yellow under favorable circumstances. The rust │attaches only to dead leaves or to the dead parts of leaves. Butternut.│ „ Catalpa. │ „ Chestnut.│ „ Elm. │ „ Grapevine.│ „ Hickory. │ „ Horse-Chestnut.│ „ Lime. │ „ Plane. │ „ White │ „ Birch. │ ─────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Beech. │SECTION 3.—Pure yellow, of different shades. Birch. │ „ Honey │ „ Locust. │ Mulberry.│ „ Poplar. │ „ Tulip-tree.│ „ Green-Brier.│ „

DIVISION II.

Trees and Shrubs that display all Shades of Purple, Red, and Yellow.

│SECTION 1.—A predominance of green, with a slight and │sometimes a considerable mixture of purple, red, and yellow, Apple-tree.│of different shades. All the rosaceous plants are included in │this section or the following. Individuals of some of these │species are occasionally brilliant. Barberry.│ „ Blackberry.│ „ Cherry. │ „ Hawthorn.│ „ Lilac. │ „ Missouri │ „ Currant. │ Mountain │ „ Ash. │ Pear-tree.│ „ Peach-tree.│ „ Plum-tree.│ „ Quince-tree.│ „ Raspberry.│ „ River │ „ Maple. │ Rose. │ „ Spiræa. │ „ ─────────┴┬──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Blueberry.│SECTION 2.—Purple, crimson, and scarlet, with only a small │mixture of yellow, if any. Cornel. │ „ Hazel. │ „ Poison │ „ Ivy. │ Scarlet │ „ Oak. │ Smooth │ „ Sumach. │ Strawberry-tree.│ „ Tupelo. │ „ Velvet │ „ Sumach. │ Viburnum.│ „ Virginia │ „ Creeper. │ White │ „ Oak. │ Whortleberry.│ „ ─────────┬───┴───────────────────────────────────────────────────────── │SECTION 3.—Variegated tints, comprising all shades of purple, Mountain │crimson, scarlet, orange, and yellow on the same tree, or on Maple. │different trees of the same species. Leaves often striated, │and sometimes figured like a butterfly’s wing. Red │ „ Maple. │ Rock │ „ Maple. │ Poison-Dogwood.│ „ Smoke-tree.│ „ Snowy │ „ Mespilus.│ Striped │ „ Maple. │ ─────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── │Passing through all shades from a dark chocolate to violet, │brown, and salmon. The ash is perfectly unique in its tints, The Ash. │having no reds, and being the only tree that shows a clear │brown as one of its regular series of tints in the living │leaf.

=[From George Barnard’s “Drawings from Nature.”]=

Calendar of the different Tints assumed by various Trees toward the End of September (in England).

English Maple. The leaves of the maple change first of all to an ochrey yellow, then to a deeper tone.

Ash. Fine lemon yellow, soon falling and leaving bunches of seeds of a brown hue.

Hornbeam. Bright yellow.

Elm. Generally orange, but with some irregular patches of bright yellow.

Hawthorn. Tawny yellow, but greatly modified by tones of deep reddish-brown, and brilliant clusters of berries.

Hazel. Pale ochrey yellow, with browner shades for the clusters of nuts.

Sycamore. A dull brown.

Oak. Yellowish green.

Horse-Chestnut. A great variety of beautiful rich hues, from a pale yellow to a bright crimson orange [?].

Beech. Also finely varied in color, but more of a maroon color than the chestnut.

Cherry. Most diversified and charming, in tints of yellow, red, crimson, maroon, and purple.

NOTE.—I perceive that the author does not distinguish between the tints of living and seared or dead leaves.

THE CORNEL.

The different species of Cornel abound in all places occupied by the viburnum, to which they bear a superficial resemblance, though the two genera are not allied. They are graceful and rather prim-looking shrubs, having a hard and close-grained wood, and containing in their bark a large proportion of the bitter principle of the cinchona. Their leaves and branches are opposite, which increases their resemblance to the viburnum. They are very abundant in the Northern States; and it is remarkable that the different species might be distinguished by the colors of their fruit. The Florida Cornel, called the Flowering Dogwood, bears scarlet berries; there is also a purple-fruited Cornel, a white-fruited and two blue-fruited species, one leaden-colored, and in Canada a species with dark brown berries.

It is seldom that the species of any genus of plants differ in the opposite or alternate characters of the leaves and branches. But the purple-fruited Cornel is called alternate-leaved, to distinguish it from the other species. It is not, however, a genuine exception; for the leaves come out around the stem, not in a true alternate arrangement, but in imperfect whorls, and mixed with some that are opposite. The flowers are small, in irregular cymes; the fruit of a dark purple. It is found in swamps and low moist woods, and, with the other species, constitutes a fair proportion of the underwood of our deciduous forests.