Part 304

In order to examine the plexus and the origins of its chief branches conveniently and with as little disturbance of relation as possible, the subject should be suspended in imitation of the natural position and the fore limb abducted as much as is necessary.

Footnote 208:

Morphologically the last-named muscle belongs to the extensor group. In man and in the dog and many other animals it is an extensor in function.

Footnote 209:

In veterinary works these are frequently termed plantar nerves, which is an unfortunate misnomer. The writer inclines to the use of the old term metacarpal or common digital to designate the nerves as far as their divisions, and the term digital beyond this.

Footnote 210:

The special statements of this description refer to the system of the horse. A few important differential features will be mentioned in the account of the nervous system of the other animals.

Footnote 211:

The right and left plexuses communicate with each other, so that both lungs receive fibers from both vagi.

Footnote 212:

It has been customary to designate these in veterinary works as the semilunar or cœliac ganglia, but in the horse they evidently include the anterior mesenteric ganglia as well.

Footnote 213:

A good preparation of the ganglia in the horse is often difficult to obtain on account of aneurysm of the artery and the formation of a quantity of connective tissue about it.

Footnote 214:

Only the most salient differences as compared with the horse will be mentioned.

Footnote 215:

The origin of the lacrimal nerve is such that Ellenberger-Baum and Martin describe it as a branch of the maxillary nerve.

Footnote 216:

Lesbre terms this the tracheo-œsophageal branch, and considers that it must be regarded as an accessory or internal recurrent nerve.

Footnote 217:

This belongs to the upper eyelid, but is described here on account of its position.

Footnote 218:

According to Piersol the system of spaces and canaliculi in the substantia propria is completely filled by the cells and their processes, upon which the nutrition of the cornea largely depends. The lamina elastica anterior, formerly described as a distinct layer between the corneal epithelium and the substantia propria, does not exist as such, but there is a condensation of the superficial part, of the latter, which Rollett termed the anterior limiting layer; it is not elastic.

Footnote 219:

In albinos the pigment is absent here, as elsewhere, and the iris is pinkish in color.

Footnote 220:

For the minute structure of the retina reference must be made to histological works.

Footnote 221: