Part 239

Sclerosis, cranial, in rachitis, 148 of central vein, in hepatic hyperæmia, 985 of liver. See Liver, Diseases of.

Scolex of tape-worm, 932

SCROFULA, 231 Synonyms, 231 Definition, 231, 232 Etiology, 232 Predisposing causes, 232 Formad on the scrofulous peculiarity, 232 Heredity, influence on causation of, 232 Bad hygienic surroundings, influence on causation of, 232 Food, improper, influence on causation of, 232 Air, impure, influence on causation of, 232 Locality and climate, 233 Season, 233 Age, 233 Sex, 234 Social position, 234 Consanguineous marriages, 234 Complexion and temperament, 235 Race and nationality, 235 Acquired scrofula, 236 Exciting causes, 236 Injury, 236 The eruptive fevers, 237 Vaccination, 237 Pregnancy and lactation, 237 Eczemas, 237 Catarrhs, 237 Ophthalmia and otitis, 237 Pathology and morbid anatomy, 238 Anatomical peculiarity of tissue, 238 Excessive cell-growth in, 238 Low vitality of cells in, 239 Cornil and Ranvier on causes of scrofulous inflammation, 239 Fatty degeneration of cells in scrofulous infiltration, 239 Caseation of cells, 239 Glands, changes in, 239, 240 caseation of, 239, 240 Relation of, to tuberculosis, 240, 241, 242 Causes of tendency to appear in early life, 242 Symptoms, 243 Physiognomy of, 243, 244 Scrofulous habits, 243, 244 forms of, 243 Phlegmatic form, description of, 243 Erethistic form, description of, 243 Torpid form, description of, 243 Sanguine form, description of, 243 Features peculiar to, 245 Deficient circulation, 245 Tendency to chilblains, 245 to catarrhs and eczema, 245 Low temperature, 245 Scanty menstruation, 245 Mental condition, 245 Downy hair, growth on forehead and shoulders, 246 Cutting and ulceration of lobe of ear from ear-rings, 246 Thick upper lip, 246 Teeth, condition of, 246 Clubbing of fingers, 246 General manifestations, 246 Influence upon other diseases, 246 Modification of measles by, 247 of boils by, 247 ordinary injuries by, 247 conjunctivitis by, 248 No such disease per se, 248 Diagnosis, 248 From syphilis, 248 lupus, 248 Prognosis, 248 Treatment, 249 Preventive, 249 Intermarriage, danger from, 249 Diet, 249 Importance of breast-milk, 249 Starchy food, danger from, 249 Weaning, proper time for, 250 Air, pure, importance of, 250 Bathing, value, 250 Therapeutic, 251 Necessity of exercise, 252 Use of iodine, 251 of iodide of iron, 251 of mercury, 251 of cod-liver oil, 252 of alkalies, 252 of hypophosphites and lactophosphates, 252 Of enlarged glands, 252

Scrofula, influence on causation of acute pharyngitis, 390 of rheumatoid arthritis, 90 of tonsillitis, 380 acquired, 236 and tuberculosis, relation to tabes mesenterica, 1183, 1185

Scrofulous affections of rectum and anus, 901

SCURVY, 167 Synonyms, 167 Definition, 167 History, 167, 168, 169 Etiology, 169 Sex, influence on causation, 169 Age, influence on causation, 169 Contagiousness of, 169 Depressing emotions, influence on causation, 169 Nostalgia, influence on causation, 169, 170 Atmospheric changes, influence on causation, 170 Air, impure, influence on causation, 170 Personal habits, influence on causation, 170 Tobacco, influence on causation, 170 Drink and food, influence on causation, 170, 171 Salted food, influence on causation, 171 Morbid anatomy, 171 Post-mortem appearance of body, 171, 172 Skin, lesions of, 172 Muscles, lesions of, 172 Bones, lesions of, 172 Joints, lesions of, 172 Brain, lesions of, 172 Heart and pericardium, lesions of, 172 Blood-vessels, lesions of, 172 Lungs, lesions of, 172 Pleuræ, lesions of, 173 Digestive tract, lesions of, 173 Pancreas, lesions of, 173 Kidneys, lesions of, 173 Liver, lesions of, 173 Bladder, lesions of, 173 Spleen, lesions of, 173 Pathology, 173 Essential characters, 173 Perverted nutrition, 173 Blood, condition of, 173 amount of fibrin in, 174 of albumen, 174 of red corpuscles, 174 of salines in, 174, 175 of water, 175 alkalinity of, 175 analyses of, 175 Symptoms, 176 Mode of development, 176 Cachexia of, 176 Initial, 176 Mental condition, 176 Physiognomy, 176 Pains, muscular, 177 Appetite, 177 Breath, 177 Tongue, condition of, 177 Gums, condition of, 177 Salivary glands, condition of, 177 Skin, condition of, 176, 178 extravasations of blood in, 178 oedema of, 178 ulceration of, 178 Bones, condition of, 179 Articulations, condition of, 179 Heart, condition of, 179 Hemorrhages, frequency of, 179 Epistaxis, 179, 180 Hæmatemesis, 180 Hemorrhage from bowels, 180 Hæmaturia, 180 Serous inflammations, 180 Pericarditis, 180 Pleuritis, 180 Nervous centres, hemorrhagic extravasations into, 180 Convulsions, 180 Headache, 180 Paralysis, 180 Embolism of lungs and spleen, 181 Urine, condition of, 181 Spleen, enlargement of, 181 Visual disorders, 181 Blindness, 181 Conjunctiva, hemorrhage under, 181 Hearing, disorders of, 181 Temperature, 182 Diagnosis, 182 From skin disorders, 182 rheumatism, 182 Prognosis, 182 Treatment, 183 Preventive, 183 Hygienic, 183 Diet, 183 Necessity of fruit, 183 of milk, 183 Lime-juice, 183, 184 preparation of, 184 Ventilation, 184 Air, pure, 184 Therapeutic, 184 Use of vegetable bitters, 184 of mineral acids, 184 of hæmostatics, 185 Of stomatitis, 185 local, 185 Of hemorrhages, 185

Scurvy as a cause of hemorrhagic effusion of peritoneum, 1180

Scybalæ, formation of, in constipation, 645

Sea-bathing, value of, in rachitis, 163

Season, hot, influence on causation of dysentery, 787 of biliary calculi, 1065 of entero-colitis, 727, 728 of rheumatism, acute, 19 of scrofula, 233 of stomatitis ulcerosa, 336 of thrush, 332

Seat of abscesses in suppurative hepatitis, 1006, 1011 of deposit in lardaceous degeneration of intestines, 875 of cancer of intestine, 869 of intussusception, 846 of local forms of peritonitis, 1159 of stricture of bowel, 855

Seat-worms, 950 symptoms of, 951 treatment of, 951

Seborrhoea complicating gout, 121

Second dentition, 375

Secondary causes of disease of pancreas, 1114 character of tabes mesenterica, 1183, 1186 disease of liver in carcinoma of pancreas, 1126 of rectum and anus, 900 form of intestinal cancer, 869 of carcinoma of liver, 1034, 1035 growths, in gastric cancer, 556 pancreatitis, acute, 1120 period of hereditary syphilis, 274 ulcers of tongue, 370

Secretions in tonsillitis, character of, 385 fetid, in gangrenous form of acute pharyngitis, 396

Sedentary life, influence on causation of constipation, 640 of acute intestinal catarrh, 671 of dilatation of stomach, 592 and occupation, influence on causation of intestinal indigestion, 624 occupation as a cause of chronic pharyngitis, 402

Seminal emissions in constipation, 646

Senna, use of, in constipation, 656

Sensations, perversions of, in pseudo-membranous enteritis, 767

Sensibility, modifications of, in intestinal indigestion, 628

Septic material from fermentation of food, influence on causation of cholera morbus, 721

Septicæmic fever, in abscess of liver, treatment of, 1020

Sequelæ of cancrum oris, 341 of chronic intestinal catarrh, 710 of acute oesophagitis, 414 of chronic oesophagitis, 417 of syphilitic pharyngitis, 407 of simple ulcer of stomach, 500, 503 of tonsillitis, 383

Serous effusion in acute peritonitis, 1134 inflammations in scurvy, 180

Severe forms of chronic intestinal catarrh, 707

Sewer-gas, influence on causation of cholera morbus, 721

Sex, influence on causation of ascites, 1175 of biliary calculi, 1064 of cholera morbus, 720 of constipation, 639, 640, 850 of diabetes mellitus, 203 of enteralgia, 659 of pseudo-membranous enteritis, 764 of fistula in ano, 897 of gastralgia, 460 of gout, 109 of hemorrhoids, 883 of acute intestinal catarrh, 669 of chronic intestinal catarrh, 699 of cancer of intestine, 869 of intestinal indigestion, 623 of intussusception, 847 of abscess of liver, 1003 of acute yellow atrophy of liver, 1024 of amyloid liver, 1041 of carcinoma of liver, 1034 of cirrhosis of liver, 990 of fatty liver, 1047 of organic stricture of oesophagus, 423 of spasmodic stricture of oesophagus, 419 of diseases of pancreas, 1114 of peri-rectal and -anal abscesses, 896 of phosphorus-poisoning, 1030 of cancer of rectum and anus, 903 of non-malignant rectal stricture, 886 of acute rheumatism, 21 of gonorrhoeal rheumatism, 103 of rheumatoid arthritis, 88, 91 of tabes mesenterica, 1184 of typhlitis, 815 of scrofula, 234 of scurvy, 169 of cancer of stomach, 533 of cirrhosis of stomach, 612 of simple ulcer of stomach, 483