Part 221

Inspissated bile, 1058 treatment of, 1079

Intellect, state of, in rachitis, 149

Intermarriage of scrofulous persons, 249

Intermittence of pain in simple ulcer of stomach, 491

Intermittent fever, complicating chronic intestinal catarrh, 710 influence on causation of simple gastric ulcer, 488

Internal hemorrhoids, symptoms of, 883 strangulated hernia, forms of, 843

Interstitial hepatitis, 990 keratitis in hereditary syphilis, 299 pancreatitis, chronic, 1121

INTESTINES, CANCER OF, 868 Definition, 868 Etiology, 868 Forms of, 868 Scirrhous, 868 Lympho-sarcoma, 868 Cylinder-cell, 868 Colloid, 868 Primary, 868 Secondary, 868 Relative frequency, 868 Seat, 869 of secondary form, 869 Age, influence of, on causation, 869 Sex, influence of, on causation, 869 Heredity, influence of, on causation, 869 Exciting causes, 869 Symptoms, 869 Vagueness of early symptoms, 869 Irregular bowels, 869 Undefined pains, 869 Physiognomy, 869 Tumor, presence of, 869 character of, 870 pain in, 870 pulsation of, 870 Of duodenal form, 870 pain in, 870 vomiting in, 870 Of lower intestine, 870 constipation, 871 stools, bloody and mucous, 871 sudden disappearance of symptoms from softening of tumor, 871 Oedema, 871 Wasting, 871 Cachexia, 871 Duration, 871, 873 Morbid anatomy, 871 Cylinder-cell epithelioma most common form, 871 Method of growth, 872 Scirrhous form, method of growth of, 872 Ulceration in, 872 Colloid form, method of growth of, 872 Invasion of neighboring parts, 873 Secondary to hepatic cancer, 873 Melanotic sarcoma, secondary to tumor of eye or skin, 873 Diagnosis, 873 Of duodenal form, 873 from pyloric cancer, 873 Tumor, significance of, 873 from fecal tumor, 873 Significance of cancerous fragments in stools, 873 Prognosis, 873 Death, cause of, 873 Treatment, 874 Diet, 874

INTESTINES, LARDACEOUS DEGENERATION OF, 874 Synonyms, 874 Frequency, 874 Symptoms, absence of specific, 874 Diarrhoea, 874 Hemorrhage from bowels, 874 Hæmatemesis, 875 General condition, 875 Death, cause, 875 Morbid anatomy, 875 Seat of degeneration, 875 Mucous membrane, lesions of, 875 Iodine test, 875 Methyl-aniline-violet test, 875 Method of testing, 876 Ulceration and enlargement of mucous surface, 876 Microscopic appearance of lardaceous materials, 876 Degeneration of the vessels, 876 Diagnosis, 876 Prognosis, 876 Treatment, 876 Incurability of, 876 Diet, 876 Of diarrhoea, 876 Bismuth subnitrate, use of, in large doses, 876 Of hemorrhage, 876

INTESTINAL AFFECTIONS OF CHILDREN IN HOT WEATHER, 726 Entero-colitis, 726 Etiology, 727 Summer heats, 727 Season, 727, 728 Vitiated air, 728-730 nature of impurities in, 729 gases, 729 organic matter, 729 Over-crowding, 730 Filth, 730 Improper food, 731, 732 Artificial feeding, 731 Poor breast-milk, 731 Impure cow's milk, 731 Age, influence on causation, 732 Relation of dentition to, 733 Symptoms, 733 Onset, 733 Stools, characters of, 733, 734, 736 Tongue, state, 733 Vomiting, 733 significance of date of appearance of, 733, 734 Vomit, characters, 733 Pulse, state of, 734, 736 Fever, 734, 736 Skin, state of, 734, 736 Kidneys, state of, 734 Skin eruptions, 734 Hypostatic congestion of lungs, 734 pneumonia, 735 Spurious hydrocephalus, 735 symptoms, 735 Convalescence, 736 Death, cause of, 736 Wasting, 736 Drowsiness, 735, 736 Morbid anatomy, 736 Hyperæmia of mucous membrane, 737 Duodenum, lesions of, 737 Jejunum, lesions of, 737 Ileum, lesions of, 737 Ileo-cæcal valve, thickening of, 737 Ulcers, 737, 738 seat of, 737, 738 Mucous membrane, softening of, 737 Colon, lesions of, 738 Solitary glands, enlargement of, 738 Peyer's patches, enlargement of, 738 Appendix vermiformis, lesions of, 738 Mesenteric glands, enlargement of, 739 Stomach, lesions of, 739 Mouth, lesions of, 739 Liver, lesions of, 739 Lungs, lesions of, 740 Brain, lesions of, 740 Diagnosis, 740 Significance of abdominal tenderness, 740 Prognosis, 741 Mortality, 726, 727 Cholera Infantum, or Choleriform Diarrhoea, 741 Nature, 744 Relation to thermic fever, 745 Symptoms, 741 Onset, 741 Stools, 741 characters of, 741 Vomiting, 742 Appetite, impaired, 742 Thirst, 742 Tongue, state of, 742 Temperature, 742 Restlessness, 742 Loss of strength, 742 Emaciation, 742 Urine, state of, 742 Pulse, state of, 742 Stupor, 742 Morbid anatomy, 742 Rilliet and Barthez on lesions, 742 Stomach, lesions of, 743, 744 Intestinal canal, lesions of, 743, 744 Bacteria, significance of, 744 Diagnosis, 745 Prognosis, 745 Duration, 746 Treatment, 746 Preventive, 746 Weaning, time for, 746 Change of air, 746, 756 Amount of food ingested by healthy infants, 746 Curative, 747 Diet, 746, 748 Milk, use of, 749 Woman's milk, composition of, 749, 750 Cow's milk, composition of, 749, 750 Farinaceous foods, analyses of, 750, 751 Cow's milk, objections to, 749, 751 Peptonized milk, use of, 751, 753 Mode of peptonizing, 752 Oatmeal and barley as diluents, 753 Farinaceous foods, use of, 753 Flour-ball, use of, 754, 755 Liebig's foods, use of, 754 Nestle's food, use of, 754 Ridge's food, use of, 754 Condensed milk, use of, 754 Beef-, mutton-, and chicken-tea, use of, 755 Necessity of cleanliness, 756 Change of climate, 756 Medicinal, 757 Of first stage, 757 Purgatives, use of, 757 Sodium benzoate, use of, 757, 761 Sodium bicarbonate, 757 Opium, use of, 758, 759 Mist. cretæ, use of, 758 Bismuth subnitrate, use of, 758 Of cholera infantum, 759 Of cerebral symptoms, 759 Bromide of potassium, use of, 759 Of second stage, 759 Pepsin, use of, 760 Calomel, use of, 760 Lactopeptin, use of, 760 Enemata, use of, 760 Argenti nitratis, use of, 761 Alcohol, use of, 761 Of vomiting, 761 Lime-water, use of, 762 Carbolic acid, use of, 761 Ipecacuanha, use of, 762 Ice, use of, 762 Liquor ferri nitratis, use of, 762

Intestinal canal, lesions of, in cholera infantum, 743, 744 state of, in catarrh of bile-duct, 1054

INTESTINAL CATARRH, ACUTE, 667 Synonyms, 667 History, 667 Nature and classification, 668 Inflammatory nature, 668 Etiology, 669 Geographical distribution, 669 Race, 669 Sex, 669 Age, 670 Climate, 669 Summer heats, 669 Sudden changes of temperature, 670 Cold, 670 External burns, 670 Impure air, 670 Sewer gas, 670 Temperament and idiosyncrasy, 671 Previous attacks, 671 Sedentary, life, 671 Abuse of tobacco and alcohol, 671, 672 Constipation, 671 Eruptive fevers, 671 Uræmia, 671 Malaria, 671 Chronic wasting diseases, 671 Phthisis, 671 Improper and excessive food, 671, 672 Irritant and caustic poisons, 672 Drastic purgatives, 672 Foreign bodies, 672 Impure water, 672, 673 Injury, 673 Emotional influence, 673 Lesions of nerve-centres, 673 Micro-organisms, 673 Bacteria, 673 Morbid anatomy, 673 External appearance of intestines, 673 Distension of colon and cæcum, 673 of small intestines, 673 Color of intestines, 673 Serous membrane of intestines, lesions of, 674 Appearance of intestinal contents, 674 Intestinal mucous membrane, lesions of, 674 Mucous membrane, seat of inflammation of, 674 Ileo-colitis, 674 Duodenal mucous membrane, lesions of, 674 Hyperæmia of mucous membrane, 674 Swelling and softening of, 675 Villi, lesions of, 675 Solitary glands, lesions of, 675 Peyer's patches, tumefaction of, 675 Ulcers, catarrhal, 676 follicular, 676 seat of, 676 Mucous collections, 676 Vibrios and bacteria, 676 Mesenteric glands, enlargement of, 677 Liver, lesions of, 677 Spleen, lesions of, 677 Kidneys, lesions of, 677 Lungs, lesions of, 677 Heart, lesions of, 677 Brain, lesions of, 677 Pathological histology, 677 Congestion of capillaries, 677 Transudation of serum, 677 Rupture of small vessels, 677 Increase of mucus, 677 Origin of mucus, 677 Increased cellular growth, 677 Formation of ulcers, 677 Desquamation of epithelium, 677 Symptoms, 677 Mild forms of, 678 Onset of, 678 Pain, 678 Stools, character of, 678 Tongue, dryness of, 678 Duration of, 678, 681 Severe forms of, 678 Pain and colics, 679, 682 Borborygmi, 679 Tympanites, 679 Abdomen, intumescence of, 679 tenderness of, 679 soreness on moving, 679 pain in, 679, 682 Diarrhoea, 679, 681 Number of stools, 679 Character of stools, 680, 681, 682 Color of stools, 680, 681, 682 Blood in stools, 680, 681, 682 Odor of stools, 680 Tongue, condition of, 680, 681 Thirst, 680, 681 Nausea and vomiting, 681 Fever, 681 Urine, condition of, 681 Paraplegia and muscular contraction, 681 Delirium, 681 Physiognomy, 681 Emaciation, 682 Collapse, 682 Pulse, 682 Duration, 682 In children, 682 Loss of strength, 682 Choleriform diarrhoea, 682 Varieties due to seat, 682 Acute duodenitis, 682 relation to integumental burns, 682 symptoms, 682 ileitis, 683 jejunitis, 683 symptoms, 683 colitis, 683 symptoms, 684 bloody stools, 684 tenesmus, 684 Proctitis, 684 symptoms, 684 burning in rectum, 684 tenesmus, 684 mucous stools, 684 Diagnosis, 684 Of ileo-colitis, 685 Of follicular ulceration, 685 In children, 686 From typhoid fever, 676, 685, 686 dysentery, 686 enteralgia, 686 abdominal rheumatism, 686 lead colic, 686 peritonitis, 686 Prognosis, 687 Treatment, 687 Prophylactic, 687 Change of climate, 688 Disinfection, 688 Proper clothing, 688 When arising from cold, 688 heat, 688 undigested food, 689 Bright's disease, 689 phthisis, 689 Value of rest, 690 of counter-irritation, 688, 690, 698 Of thirst, 690 Of hyperpyrexia, 692 Of flatulence, 693 Of diarrhoea, 693 Of ulcers, 698 Of hemorrhagic form, 698 Of choleraic form in children, 698 in adults, 698 Of duodenitis, 698 By rectum, 697 Diet, 687, 688, 690 in children, 692 of convalescence, 692 Use of blood-letting, 690 of milk, 690, 691 of buttermilk, 691 of koumiss, 691 of eggs, 691 of beef-tea, 691 of raw-beef, 691 of milk, 690, 691 of poultices, 688, 690 of sinapisms, 688, 690 of ice, 689, 690, 693, 698 of warm and cold baths, 692 of aconite, 689 of quinia, 692 of jaborandi, 688 of bismuth, 693 of alkalies, 693 of mineral acids, 693, 694, 695 of opium, 689, 693, 698 of oxide of zinc, 694 of chalk mixture, 694 of lime-water, 694 of cassava-water, 694 of sugar of lead, 694 of calomel, 695 of bichloride of mercury, 695 of vegetable astringents, 695 of gallic acid, 695 of tannic acid, 695 of ipecacuanha, 695 of coto-bark, 696 of alum, 696 of sulphate of copper, 696 of nitrate of silver, 696, 698 of oxide of silver, 696 of iron, 696 of carbolic acid, 696 of creasote, 696 of salicylic acid, 696 of sulpho-carbolate of calcium, 696 of enemata, 697 of irrigation of large intestine, 697 of iced coffee in children, 698 of bromides, 698 of spirits of camphor, 698

INTESTINAL CATARRH, CHRONIC, 699 Etiology, 699 Age, 699 Sex, 699 Heredity, 699 Bad hygiene, 699 Overwork, 699 Chronic wasting diseases, 699 Phthisis, 699 Bright's disease, 699 Gout, 699 Addison's disease, 700 Syphilis, 700 Malaria, 700 Disease of heart and lungs, 700 liver, 700 Improper food, 700 Alcohol, 700 Foreign bodies, 700 Chronic lesions of bowels, 700 Morbid anatomy, 700 Intestines, seat of lesions, 700, 701 alteration in calibre, 700 Intestinal walls, hypertrophy, 700 Mucous membrane, lesions of, 700 alteration in color, 701 of ileum, swelling of, 701 hypertrophy of villi, 701 Solitary glands, alterations in, 702 Peyer's patches, alterations in, 702 Colon, ulcers of, 702 seat and character, 702 perforating, 702 Presence of pseudo-membrane, 702 Veins, varicose condition, 702 Duodenal ulcer from external burns and chronic Bright's disease, 703 from embolism, 703 Adhesions, peritoneal, 703 Suppuration of duodenum, 703 Chronic proctitis, lesions, 703 Mucous membrane, condition, 703 Inflammation of peri-rectal tissue, 703 Abscesses, 703 Fistulæ, 703 Pathological histology, 703 Increased cell-proliferation, 703 Hypertrophy of tissue, 703 Glands of Lieberkühn, elongation of, 703 Mode of formation of ulcers, 703 cicatrization of ulcers, 703 Formation of cysts, 704 origin, 704 polypoid growths, 704 seat, 704 Atrophy of intestinal walls, 704 seat, 704 mucous membrane in, 705 Amyloid degeneration of mucous membrane, 705 Peritoneum, lesions, 705 Mesenteric glands, enlargement, 705 Liver, lesions of, 705 abscess of, 705 Gall-bladder, lesions of, 705 Spleen, lesions of, 705 Pancreas, lesions of, 705 Kidneys, lesions of, 705 Heart, lesions of, 705 Lungs, lesions of, 706 Pleura, lesions of, 706 Cornea, lesions of, 706 Brain, lesions of, 706 Symptoms, 706 Mild forms, 706 State of bowels, 706 Signs of intestinal indigestion, 706 Time of appearance, 706 Fulness, 706 Colicky pains and borborygmi, 706 Constipation, 706 Diarrhoea, 706 Abdomen, state of, 706 Depression of spirits, 706 Hemorrhoids, 706 Severe forms, 707 Tongue, state, 707 Appetite impaired, 707 Time of appearance, 707 Pain, 707 Abdomen, state, 707 Tympanites, 707 Diarrhoea, 707 quantity, 707 Stools, appearance, 707 bloody, 707 mucous, 708 composition, 708 micrococci and bacteria in, 708 unaltered food (lientery), 708 Headache, 708 Depression, 708 Vertigo, 708 Sleeplessness, 708 Palpitation, 708 Urine, state, 708 Progress and termination, 709 Progressive emaciation, 709 Anæmia, 709 Cuticle, dryness of, 709 Fever, 709 Hectic, 709 Pulse, 709 Death, cause, 709 Complications, 709 Dropsy, general, 709 Oedema of one extremity, 709 Chronic bronchitis, 709 Phthisis, 709 Pneumonia, 709 Peritonitis, 710 Tuberculosis, 710 Bright's disease, 710 Intermittent and remittent fever, 710 Hepatic disease, 710 Ulceration of cornea, 710 Sequelæ, 710 Chronic intestinal indigestion, 710 Tabes mesenterica, 710 Constipation, 710 Stricture, intestinal, 710 Paralysis, 710 Para- and hemiplegia, 710 Diagnosis, 710 Of primary from secondary diarrhoea, 711 From chronic dysentery, 711 Of locality of lesion, 711 Of duodenal form, 711 Of catarrh of jejunum and ileum, 712 Of catarrh of colon, 712 Of stage of inflammatory process, 712 Of follicular ulceration, 712, 713 Of duodenal ulcer, 713 From tuberculous ulceration, 713 From cancerous ulceration, 713 Prognosis, 713 Treatment, 714 Preventive, 714, 715 Of cause, 714 Mild forms, 714 Diarrhoea, 715 Constipation, 714 Of follicular form, 715 ulceration, 718 Rest, 716 Change of residence, 715, 716 Baths, 714, 716 Sitz baths, 716 Permanent baths, 716 Exercise, 714, 716 Diet, 714, 716 Milk, 716 Use of stimulants, 716 wines, 716 purgatives, 714, 715 mineral waters, 714, 715 Rockbridge alum water, 714, 717 iron, 714, 715, 717 bitter tonics, 715 quinia, 715 mineral acids, 715 strychnia, 714, 715 medicated enemata, 714, 717, 718 rectal irrigation, cold water, 717 arsenic, 715 bismuth, 715, 717 liquor pancreaticus, 714 mineral astringents, 717 nitrate of silver, 717, 718 opium, 715, 718 turpentine and copaiba, 718 ergot, 718 cod-liver oil, 718 corrosive sublimate, 717 gallic acid, 717

Intestinal catarrh, complicating gout, 122 influence on causation of tabes mesenterica, 1186 colic. See Enteralgia. contents, in acute intestinal catarrh, 674 dilatation, in constipation, 643 disorders, influence on causation of catarrhal stomatitis, 322 of thrush, 332

INTESTINAL INDIGESTION, 620 Nature, 620 Physiology of intestinal digestion, 620 Action of saliva, 620, 621 of gastric juice, 621 Chyme, composition of, 621 Action of bile, 621 of pancreatic juice, 622 of trypsin, 622 Peristalsis, cause of, 622, 623 Action of liver, 623 Absorption of peptones and sugar, 623 of oils and fats, 623 Etiology, 623 Sex, 623 Age, 623 Heredity, 623 Idiosyncrasy, 623 Anæmia, 623 Rachitis, 623 Syphilis, 623 Febrile diseases, 623 Strumous diathesis and phthisis, 624 Want of exercise, 624 Sexual excess, 624 Impure air, 624 Mental overwork, 624 Worry and anxiety, 624 Wealth, 624 Sedentary occupations, 624 Tight-lacing, 624 Hot climates, 624 Over-eating, 624 Indigestible food, 625 Excess of starchy food, 625 Alcohol, abuse of, 625 Condiments, abuse of, 625 Irregularity in meals, 625 Imperfect mastication, 625 Tobacco, abuse of, 625 Constipation, 625 Excess of gastric acid, 626 Obstruction of bile-ducts, 626 Pancreatic disease, 626 Disease of heart and lungs, 626 of intestines, 626 Symptoms, 626 Forms, 626 Acute form, 626 Chronic form, 627 Time of appearance after eating, 627 Pain, 627 character and seat of, 627 Tympanites and borborygmi, 627 Fulness after eating, 627 Gas, source of, 627 Abdominal swelling, 627 Constipation, 627 Stools, character of, 627 Diarrhoea, 627 Hemorrhoids, 627 Tongue, state of, 628 Nervous system, state of, 628 Depression of spirits, 628 Sleeplessness, 628 Headache, 628 Vertigo, 628 Anxiety and worry, 628 Mental power, impaired, 628 Paralysis, 628 Sensibility, modifications of, 628 Faintings, 628 Heart disturbance, 628 Palpitation, 628 Circulation, languid, 628 Cold extremities, 628 Urine, state of, 628 lithates in, 628 albuminuria, 628 Perversion of sexual function, 629 Anæmia, 629 Skin eruptions, 629 Liver, functional disorder of, 629 Course, 630 Duration, 630 Termination, 630 In deterioration of health, 630 In organic disease, 630 In phthisis, 630 Diagnosis, 630 From gastric dyspepsia, 631 Of varieties of, 631 Of pancreatic form, 631 Of biliary form, 631 Prognosis, 631 Treatment, 632 Of acute form, 632 Of chronic form, 632 Hygienic, 632 Change of climate, 632 Exercise, 632 Thorough mastication, 632 Swedish movements, 632 Bathing, 632 salt-water, 632 Russian, 633 Regularity in eating, 633 Diet, 633, 634 Milk, use of, 633 Koumiss, use of, 633 Beef-essences, 633 Foods to be avoided, 635 Use of wine, 634 Mineral waters, 634, 636 Use of pre-digested foods, 635 of pancreatic extract, 635 mode of administering, 635 Of deficient hepatic secretion, 635 Of flatulence and colics, 636 Of constipation, 636 Of strumous form, 636 Use of ipecacuanha, 636 of euonymin, 636 of sanguinarin, 636 of podophyllin, 636 of sulphate of sodium, 636 of benzoate of sodium, 636 of iron, 636 of quinia, 636 of strychnia, 636 of mineral acids, 636 of bitter waters, 636 of Friedrichshall waters, 636 of Hunyadi Jânos, 636 of cod-liver oil, 637

INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION, 835 Classification, 835 Congenital strictures and malformations, 836 Strictures, 836 seat, 836 of colon, 836 sigmoid flexure, 836 duodenum, 836 malformations, 837 of anus and rectum, 837 Impaction of Foreign Bodies, 837 Nature of substances found in intestines, 837, 838 Stony concretions (enteroliths), 838 Gall-stones, 838 Symptoms, 839 Modes of discharge of, 839 By vomiting, 839 By ulceration, 839 Peritonitis from, 839 Of inflammation, 839 Remote results of, 840 Impaired health, 840 Emaciation, 840 Of impaction from gall-stones, 840 Pains, colicky, 840 Vomiting, 840 Prostration, 840 Signs of disordered liver, 840 Acute Internal Strangulation, Twisting, etc., 840 Seat of twisting, 840 Conditions necessary to production, 841 Elongated mesentery, 841 Increased weight of bowel, 841 Inflammation of elongated bowel, 841 Symptoms, 841 Prodromal, 841 Signs of intestinal disorder, 841 Actual attack, 841 Other modes of strangulation and twisting, 841, 842 Forms of internal strangulated hernia, 843 Diaphragmatic hernia, 843 Symptoms, 843 Suddenness of onset, 843 Nausea and vomiting, 843 Pains, 843 Tympanites, 843 Of peritonitis, 843 Delirium, 843 Duration, 841, 843 Intussusception, Invagination, 844 Without symptoms, 844 Morbid anatomy of, 844 Diminished lumen of bowel, 845 Inflammation, changes produced by, 845 Sloughing of invaginated parts, 845 Gangrene and ulceration in, 845 Seat, 846 Ileo-cæcal variety, 846 Method of production, 846 Frequency in relation to sex, 847 in relation to age, 847 Mechanism of, 847 Local paresis and tenesmus of bowel, 847 Length of, 848 Symptoms, 848 Onset of, 848 Pain, characters of, 848 effect of pressure upon, 848 Vomiting, 848 Vomit, fecal, 848 Diarrhoea, 848 Stools, characters of, 848 Abdominal tenderness, 848 Tumor, presence of, 848 Tympanites, 848 Urgency of symptoms, relation to locality and degree of constriction, 848 Suddenness of acute cases, 848 Gangrene of invaginated portion, 849 Date of separation of sequestrum, 849 Of chronic cases, 849 Duration, 849 Abatement of symptoms before death, 849 Constipation, 850 Number of fecal evacuations in health, 850 Etiology, 850 Sex, 850 Sedentary life, 850 Rapid loss of fluid, 851 By kidneys, 851 lungs, 851 skin, 851 Food, improper, 851 Bile, deficiency of, 851 Dislocations of intestines, 851 Nervous diseases, 851 Hysteria, 851 Paralysis of muscular coat of intestine, 851 Chronic debilitating diseases, 852 Loss of sensibility of colon and rectum, 852 Fecal impaction, 852 Tumor, fecal, characters of, 852 Dilatation of colon and rectum, 852 Symptoms, 853 Torsion of cæcum, 853 Internal strangulation from, 853 Digestive disturbances, 853 Appetite, impaired, 853 Headache, 853 Pain, colicky, 853 Diarrhoea, 853 Evolution of gases, 853 Mental depression, 854 Nervous symptoms, 854 Pain in legs, 854 in back, 854 Strength, loss of, 854 of obstruction from, 854 Stricture of bowel, 854 Frequency of, 854 Seat of, 855 From cicatrization of ulcers, 855 cancer, 855 Symptoms, 856 Intestinal disorders, 856 Colicky pains, 856 Paroxysmal pain, 856 Of rectum, 856 Determination of, by digital examination, 856 Compression and Contraction of Bowel, 857 From abdominal tumors and cysts, 857 From adhesions of chronic peritonitis, 857 Seat of, 857 Symptoms, 857 Insidiousness of onset of, 858 Intestinal disorders, 858 Exhaustion, 858 Distinguished from stricture, 858 Differential diagnosis, 858 From external strangulated hernia, 858 functional obstruction of bowel, 859 Of congenital occlusion, 859 Of obstruction by foreign bodies, 859 by gall-stones, 860 by internal hernia, 860 by torsion, 860 uneven distension of abdomen in torsion, 860 fecal accumulation, 860 abdominal tumors, 861 Of seat of obstruction, 861 Of pain, significance of, 861 Significance of constipation, 862 of vomiting, stercoraceous, 862 Duration, 862 Mortality, 862 Relative frequency of deaths by different forms, 862 Treatment, 862 Purgatives, uselessness and danger, 862, 863 Quicksilver, use of, 863 Opium, use of, 863 method of administration, 863 Of fecal impaction, 863 Castor oil, use of, in, 863 Of invagination low in rectum, 864 Ice, locally, use of, 864 Bleeding, use of, 864 Electricity, use of, 864 Abdominal taxis, 864 Injection of warm water, 864 Replacement of pressing tumors or organs, 864 Stimulants, use of, 865 Quinia, use of, 865 Tapping of gut, in gaseous distension, 865 Surgical, 865 Laparotomy, 865 in invagination, 866 mortality, 866, 867 in internal hernia, volvulus, etc., 866 Entorectomy, 866 Enterotomy, 867 method of performing, 867

Intestinal tract, condition in rachitis, 153 trichina, 959 tube, ulceration and suppuration of, as a cause of suppurative pylephlebitis, 1097, 1098

INTESTINAL ULCER, 823 Synonyms, 823 Definition, 823 Etiology, 823 Frequency, 823 Toxic form, 823 Mineral acids, 823 Syphilis, 823 Traumatic form, 823 From hardened feces and foreign bodies, 823 intestinal parasites, 823 use of enemata, 823 burns of skin, 824 dysentery, 824 tuberculosis, 824 typhoid fever, 824 arrest of circulation, 824 erosion of gastric juice, 824, 825 Of duodenal form, 825 frequency, 825 tendency to perforation, 825 cicatrization, 825 Symptoms, 825 Indefinite nature of, 825 Pain, 826 character, 826 Appetite, loss, 826 Failure of general health, 826 Digestive disturbances, 826 Nausea and vomiting, 826 Diarrhoea, 827 Stools, character, 827 effect of seat of ulcers upon, 827 Hemorrhage of bowel, 827 black and tarry stools in, 827 Duration, 827 Diagnosis, 828 From intestinal catarrh, 828 carcinoma, 828 enteralgia, 828 hemorrhage of gastric ulcer, 828 Prognosis, 828 Treatment, 828 Diet, 829 Of vomiting, 829 Of pain, 829 Of hemorrhage, 829 Of peritonitis, 829 Of constipation, 829 Alcohol, use of, 829 Bismuth, use of, 829 Sodium bicarbonate, use of, 829 Oxide of zinc, use of, 829 Purgatives, use of, 829 Ice, use of, 829 Hot-water injections, use of, 829 Cataplasms, use of, 829 Opium, use of, 829 Ergotin, use of, 829 Turpentine, use of, 829 Prophylaxis against recurrence, 829

Intestinal ulcers, in hereditary syphilis, 306

INTESTINAL WORMS, 930 Varieties, 930 Mode of access to body, 931 Frequency in relation to uncooked food, 931 unfiltered waters, 931 uncleanliness, 931 Cestodes, or Tape-worms, 931 Description of mature worm, 931 head, 932 Sexual apparatus of, 932 Description of embryo or proscolex, 932 Mode of dissemination, 932, 933 Species, 933 Tænia saginata, 933 Synonyms, 933 Characteristics, 934 Length, 934 Head, 934 Sexual organs, 934 Rapidity of growth, 934 Number of eggs, 934 Sources, 934 Eating of underdone beef, 935 Tænia solium, 935 Synonyms, 935 Characteristics, 935 Sexual organs, 934, 935 Head, 935 Source, 936 Rapidity of growth, 936 Tænia cucumerina, 937 elliptica, 937 nana, 937 tenella, 938 flavopunctata, 938 madagascariensis, 938 Bothriocephalus latus, 939 Synonyms, 938 Countries where most prevalent, 938 Characteristics, 939 Sexual organs, 939 Sources, 939 From fish, 939 Bothriocephalus cordatus, 939 cristatus, 939 Symptoms of tape-worms, 939 Local, 940 Pruritus ani, 940 Dyspeptic, 940 Headache, 940 Nausea, 940 Abdomen, queer sensation in, 940 Colicky pains, 940 Vertigo, 940 Tongue, state, 940 Fainting, 940 Chorea, 940 Epileptic fits, 940 Uterine disorders, 940 Treatment, 941 Importance of removal of head, 940 Method of examining evacuations, 940 Preliminary, 941 Oil of turpentine, use of, 941 mode, 941 Male fern, use of, 941 mode of, 941 Pomegranate-bark, use of, 941 mode, 941 Pelletierin, use of, 942 Kousso, use of, 942 Koussin, use of, 942 Pumpkin-seeds, use of, 942 Santonin, use of, 942 Quinia, use of, 942 Prophylaxis, 942, 943 Tænia echinococcus, 943 Synonyms, 943 Description of, 943 head, 943 sexual organs, 943 Shortness of life, 943 Mode of dissemination, 944 Migration from intestinal canal, 944 Hydatid tumors, seat, 944 varieties of, 944 Cysts, forms of, 944 characters of, 944 contents of, 944 effects of, 945 Infection, liability to, proportioned to association with dogs, 945 Treatment, 945 Tænia acanthotrias, 945 Trematodes, or Fluke-worms, 946 Varieties, 946 Distomum hepaticum, 946 Synonyms, 946 Tendency to inhabit liver, 946 Physical characters, 946 Snail as a home during youth, 947 Rarity in man, 947 Animals most affected, 946, 947 lanceolatum, 947 Synonym, 947 Physical characters, 947 sinense, 947 conjunctum, 947 Symptoms of fluke-worms, 947 Signs of obstruction of bile-ducts, 947 Treatment, 948 heterophyes, 948 crassum, 948 ringeri, 948 ophthalmobium, 948 Bilharzia hæmatobia, 948 Synonyms, 948 Geographical distribution, 948 Mode of introduction to body, 948 by water, 948 by vegetables, 948 Symptoms, 948 Hæmaturia, 948 Treatment, 949 Amphistomum hominis, 949 The Acanthocephali, or Thorn-head Worms, 949 Echinorhynchus gigas, 949 Limited to hog, 949 The Nematodes, or Thread-worms, 949 General description of, 949, 950 Varieties, 950 Oxyuris vermicularis, 950 Synonyms, 950 Physical characters, 950 of female, 950 of male, 950 Number of eggs, 950 Description of eggs, 950 Modes of dissemination, 951 of introduction to body, 951 Symptoms, 951 Itching of anus, 951 periodic, nature of, 951 Onanism from, 951 Nervous disturbances, 951 Intestinal catarrh, 951 Epileptic fits from, 951 Chorea from, 951 Treatment, 951 Purgatives, use of, 951 Epsom salts and senna, 951 Tincture of aloes, 951 Enemata, 951 Suppositories, medicated, 951 Ascaris lumbricoides, 952 Synonyms, 952 Physical characters, 952 of female, 952 of male, 952 Number of eggs, 952 Mode of infection, 952 by drinking-water, 952 Geographical distribution, 953 Small intestine, most frequent habitat, 953 Migrations of, 953 Symptoms, 953 Digestive disorders, 953 Flatulence, 953 Abdominal pains, 953 Tongue, state of, 953 Appetite, impaired, 953 Nervous disorders, 953 Epileptic fits, 953 Treatment, 953 Wormseed, 954 oil, 954 Santonin, 954 Ascaris mystax, 954 Triocephalus dispar, 954 Synonyms, 954 Physical characters, 954 Symptoms, 954 Treatment, 954 Leptodera stercoralis, 954 Synonyms, 954 Physical characters, 955 Mode of infection, 955 Treatment, 955 Anchylostomum duodenale, 955 Synonyms, 955 Geographical distribution, 955 Physical characters, 955 Mode of introduction to body, 955 Symptoms, 955 A source of wasting diseases, 955 Mode of onset, 955 Debility, 956 Palpitation, 956 Digestive disorders, 956 Emaciation, 956 Prognosis, 956 Treatment, 956 Calomel and turpentine, 956 Prophylaxis, 956 Strongylus longevaginatus, 956 Eustrongylus gigas, 957 Physical characters, 957 Animals infested by, 957 Trichina spiralis, 957 Mode of infection, 958 Date of discovery in muscles, 958 Animals most frequent in, 958 Hog, 958 Rat and mouse, 958 Cats, 958 Muscular trichinæ, 958 Appearance of infected meat, 959 of trichinæ in muscle, 959 Muscular trichinæ, decay of, 959 size of, 959 duration of life of, 959 Intestinal trichinæ, 959 Physical characters, 959 Embryos, method of migration to muscles, 959 Symptoms, 959 Initial, 960 Appetite impaired, 960 Thirst, 960 Diarrhoea, 960 Vomiting, 960 Headache, 960 Prostration, 960 Constipation, 960 Muscular, 960 swellings, 960 Muscles, pain in, 960 painful and difficult motion of, 960 Bronchial catarrh, 960 Fever, 960 Sweating, 960 Insomnia, 961 Formication, 961 Oedema, 961 Peritonitis, 961 Pleuritis, 961 In children, 961 mildness of, 961 Duration, 960 Diagnosis, 961 From gastro-intestinal catarrh, 961 From cholera, 961 From rheumatism, 961 Prognosis, 961 Treatment, 961 Purgatives, 962 Diet, 962 Prophylaxis, 962 Necessity of thorough cooking, 962 Filaria medinensis, 962 Synonyms, 962 Geographical distribution, 962 Physical characters, 962 Mode of introduction to body, 963 Symptoms, 963 abscesses, 963 Treatment, 963 Filaria sanguinis, 963 Synonyms, 963 Geographical distribution, 963 Physical characters, 963 Mode of entrance to blood, 963 Habitat in lymphatic vessels, 963 Symptoms, 963 Hæmaturia, 963 Chyluria, 963 Buboes, 963 Ascites, 964 Elephantiasis, 964 Lymphangiectasis, 963 Treatment, 964 Prophylaxis, 964 Filaria loa, 964 restiformis, 964 oculi humani, Filaria lentis 964 trachealis, 964

Intestinal worms, influence on causation of constipation, 643 of acute peritonitis, 1140 of proctitis, 887

Intra-uterine rachitis, 141-143

Intussusception. See Intestinal Obstruction. complicating constipation, 648 and invagination as a cause of intestinal obstruction, 844

Inunctions of mercury in hereditary syphilis, 316 of oil in simple ulcer of stomach, 527

Invagination. See Intestinal Obstruction. as a cause of hemorrhage from bowels, 831 intestinal, laparotomy in, 866

Invasion, order of, in gonorrhoeal rheumatism, 104

Iodide of iron, in tubercular peritonitis, 1168 use of, in rheumatoid arthritis, 98 in scrofula, 251 in tabes mesenterica, 1194 of mercury, ointment, in lithæmia, 973 in amyloid liver, 1046 in cirrhosis of liver, 1002 of potassium, use of, in diabetes mellitus, 228 in enteralgia, 665 in pseudo-membranous enteritis, 775 in amyloid liver, 1045 in chronic oesophagitis, 417 in organic stricture of oesophagus, 425 in tubercular peritonitis, 1168 in syphilitic pharyngitis, 408 in acute rheumatism, 62 in chronic articular rheumatism, 74 in muscular rheumatism, 77 in gonorrhoeal rheumatism, 107 in rheumatoid arthritis, 98 in hereditary syphilis, 316

Iodine, injection of, in hydatids of liver, 1108 use of, in diabetes mellitus, 228 in hepatic glycosuria, 975 in chronic pharyngitis, 405 in rheumatoid arthritis, 100 in scrofula, 251 in typhlitis and perityphlitis, 822 test for amyloid liver, 1043 for lardaceous degeneration, 875 and olive oil, locally, in tubercular peritonitis, 1168 salts, use of, in gout, 132