Part 141

Fuligula nigra, Bonap. Syn. p. 390.

Oidemia americana, Swains. American Scoter, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 450.

American Scoter Duck, Fuligula americana, Nutt. Man. v. ii. p. 422.

American Scoter Duck, Fuligula americana, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 117.

***** Bill shorter than the head, with a basal protuberance above, the inner secondaries curved outwards.

405. 10. Fuligula spectabilis, Linn. King Duck.

Plate CCLXXVI. Male and Female.

Upper mandible with a soft tumid compressed substance at the base, extending perpendicularly upon the forehead, and by a medial band of feathers divided into two broad lobes; tail much rounded, of fourteen stiff feathers. Male with the bill flesh-coloured. The sides of the upper mandible and soft frontal lobes bright orange; band of feathers separating the frontal lobes and margining their upper and posterior edges, lower eyelid, and a forked patch on the throat, black; upper part of head ash-grey; hair-like feathers on the sides of the head pale bluish-green; fore neck cream-coloured; sides and hind part of neck, a patch on the wings, and another on each side of the rump, white; hind part of back, scapulars, large wing-coverts, and secondary quills, brownish-black, the latter glossed with green; primary quills and tail blackish-brown; breast and abdomen blackish-brown; lower wing-coverts white, the outer brown. Female with the bill shorter, pale greenish-grey, with the tumid basal lobes scarcely apparent, so that the forehead is low; head and neck pale greyish-yellow, with small lines of brownish-black; feathers of the back brownish-black towards the end, with yellowish-grey edges; the scapulars brownish-red on the margins; quills and tail-feathers deep greyish-brown; fore part of neck, breast, sides, and lower tail-coverts, with a central mark and submarginal band of brownish-black, the middle of the breast scarcely spotted, being of the general colour of the lower parts, which is pale yellowish-brown.

Male, 25; wing, 11-1/4. Female, 20; wing, 10-1/2.

Rare in Massachusetts during winter. Breeds from Labrador to the Arctic Seas.

Fuligula spectabilis, Bonap. Syn. p. 389.

Somateria spectabilis, King Duck, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 447.

King Duck, Fuligula spectabilis, Nutt. Man. v. ii. p. 414.

King Duck, Fuligula spectabilis, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iii. p. 523.

406. 11. Fuligula mollissima, Linn. Eider Duck.

Plate CCXLVI. Male and Female.

Male with the bill nearly as long as the head, greyish-yellow, the upper mandible with a soft tumid substance at the base, extending upon the forehead, and deeply divided into two narrow rounded lobes, its whole surface marked with divergent oblique lines; tail much rounded, of sixteen narrow feathers; the upper part of the head bluish-black, with the central part white; the hair-like feathers on the upper part and sides of the neck of a delicate pale green; sides of the head, throat, and neck white; fore neck at its lower part cream-coloured; the rest of the lower surface brownish-black, as are the upper tail-coverts, and the central part of the rump; the rest of the back, scapulars, smaller wing-coverts, and inner curved secondary quills white, the scapulars tinged with yellow; secondary coverts and outer secondaries brownish-black; primaries and tail-coverts greyish-brown. Female with the bill shorter, pale greyish-green, its tumid basal part much less and narrower; head and neck all round light brownish-red, with small lines of brownish-black; lower part of neck all round, the whole upper surface, the sides and lower tail-coverts light brownish-red, with transverse brownish-black markings; secondary quills and coverts greyish-brown, tipped with white; primaries brownish-black; tail-feathers greyish-brown; breast and abdomen greyish-brown, obscurely mottled.

Male, 25, 42. Female, 24, 39.

Breeds in Maine, on the Bay of Fundy, in Labrador, Newfoundland, as far northward as travellers have proceeded. Common in winter from Nova Scotia to Massachusetts; rarely seen in New York.

Eider Duck, Anas mollissima, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. viii. p. 122.

Fuligula mollissima, Bonap. Syn. p. 389.

Somateria mollissima, Eider, Swains. &. Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 448.

Eider Duck, Nutt. Man. v. ii. p. 406.

Eider Duck, Fuligula mollissima, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iii. p. 344; v. v. p. 611.

****** Bill much shorter than the head, higher than broad at the base, narrowed toward the end.

407. 12. Fuligula Clangula, Linn. Golden-eye Duck.

Plate CCCCIII. Male in summer.

Plate CCCXLII. Male and Female in winter.