Part 2

Subglobose, 10 cm. in diameter, simple: tubercles long (15 to 20 mm.) and spreading, with woolly axils: radial spines 3, rigid and recurved, 5 mm. long; central spines 3, very stout and much recurved, 20 to 30 mm. long, alternating with the radials; all ashy colored and often twisted: flower and fruit unknown.--Type in Herb. Coulter.

The few spines, with the very short radials alternating with the very long and stout centrals, furnish a striking character. Occasionally one of the centrals is wanting.

2.Cactus acanthophlegmus (Lehm.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 260 (1891).

Mamillaria acanthophlegma Lehm. Delect. Sem. Hamb. (1833)

Subglobose with a deeply depressed vertex, or becoming cylindrical, 3 to 8.5 cm. in diameter: tubercles sharply quadrangular-conical, with densely woolly axils: radial spines 15 to 30, white, very slender (bristly) and radiant, sometimes coarse capillary, 4 to 7 mm. long, interwoven with those of neighboring tubercles and so covering the whole plant; central spines 2 to 4, robust and straight, erect or divergent, whitish or reddish, black-tipped, 5 to 6.5 mm. long: flowers reddish, 1 to 2 cm. broad: fruit unknown. Type unknown.

From Coahuila and San Luis Potosi to Oaxaca. Fl. May.

Specimens examined: Coahuila (Poselger of 1856; Pringle 3116 of 1890): San Luis Potosi (Eschanzier of 1891).

The central spines are quite variable in number and arrangement. In case there are two they are vertically placed and are either erect and parallel or widely divergent. Even three centrals may occur in the same vertical plane; but more usually the three or four centrals are arranged about a center and are widely divergent. The tubercles are apt to persist and to become naked and corky with age. The axillary wool and the capillary radials are also apt to be more or less persistent, thus giving the whole plant a woolly appearance.

3.Cactus brandegei, sp. nov.

Cylindrical: tubercles sharply quadrangular-conical, 6 to 8 mm. long, with densely woolly axils: radial spines about 10, slender and rigid, whitish with dusky tips, spreading but not radiant, 7 to 10 mm. long; central spines 3 or 4, stouter and slightly longer, erect-spreading (sometimes slightly curved), reddish-brown below, becoming blackish above: flowers small (scarcely longer than the tubercle?): fruit unknown. Type in Herb. Calif. Acad.

San Jorge, Lower California. Fl. April.

Specimens examined: Lower California (Brandegee of 1889, at San Jorge).

The species has somewhat the spine characters of C. palmeri, but the sharply quadrangular and longer tubercles with axillary wool free from bristles suggest a very different affinity.

4.Cactus densispinus, sp. nov.

Globose, 7.5 cm. in diameter, simple: tubercles short, with woolly axils: radial spines about 25, erect-spreading, slender but rigid, yellow (brownish to black with age), unequal, 8 to 10 mm. long; central spines 6, a little longer (10 to 12 mm.) and straight, more rigid and darker, black-tipped: seeds obovate, reddish-brown, 1 mm. long. Type in Herb. Coulter.

Very easily distinguished by its dense, erect spines, which so completely cover the plant as to give it the appearance of a large chestnut bur. Another much smaller form, which seems to be a variety, has stouter and longer ashy-white spines, the centrals darker-tipped, and the lower centrals slightly curved.

++ One short central spine (rarely two or none): ovaries immersed: seeds small, yellow and rugulose: simple.

5.Cactus heyderi (Muhlenpf.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 260 (1891).

Mamillaria heyderi Muhlenpf. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xvi. 20(1848). Mamillaria declivis Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xviii. 235 (1850). Mamillaria applanata Engelm. Pl. Lindh 198 (1850). Mamillaria texensis Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 89 (1858).

Depressed, globose, usually with depressed vertex, 8 to 12 cm. broad, 2.5 to 5 cm. high: tubercles elongated: radial spines 10 to 22, whitish, 5 to 12 mm. long, the lower usually the longer, stouter, and often darker; central spine 4 to 8 mm. long, light yellowish-brown, stout, straight, and porrect: flowers 2 to 2.5 cm. long, reddish-white: fruit incurved, 1.5 to 3 cm. long. (Ill. Cact. Mex. Bound. t. 9. figs. 4-14). Type unknown.

From the Guadalupe River, Texas, to the mouth of the Rio Grande, and westward to Arizona and Sonora. Fl. April, May.

Specimens examined: Texas (Lindheimer of 1845, 1847, 1853; Wright 226, also collections of 1849, 1852, 1853, 1855, 1856; Bigelow of 1853; Trelease of 1892; Nealley of 1892): New Mexico (Wright 311; Bigelow of 1853, Evans of 1891): Arizona (Pringle of 1881): also growing in Mo. Bot. Gard. 1893; and in the World's Fair collection of Mrs. Nickels.

The radial spines are somewhat variable in relative length, often becoming almost equal, while sometimes the upper radials are very much reduced. The figure referred to in Cact. Mex. Bound. is not satisfactory as to the general habit of the plant, which is flat-topped rather than hemispherical.

6.Cactus heyderi hemisphaericus (Engelm.).

Mamillaria hemisphaerica Engelm. Pl. Lindh. 198 (1850).

Differs in being hemispherical instead of flat-topped, in its fewer (9 to 12) and shorter (4 to 8 mm.) radial spines, and much smaller less rough and lighter-colored seeds. (Ill. Cact. Mex. Bound. t. 9. figs. 15-17) Type, the "Goebel's Garden" plants in Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard.

Throughout southern Texas and southern New Mexico, and southward; not extending so far north or west as the species, and apparently not so abundant within the United States. Fl. May.

Specimens examined: Texas(Schott 322, 614): New Mexico (Evans of 1891): also specimens cultivated in the Goebel Garden, St. Louis, in 1847, brought from "below Matamoras on the Rio Grande" by the St. Louis Volunteers, in 1816.