Lecture Iii.

56 21 Lord Acton, inaugural Lecture on the Study of History, in Lectures on Modern History.

70 29 Otto Gierke, Political Theories of the Middle Ages— Translated by F. W. Maitland, p. 7.

71 14 From the Song of Roland, cited, Henry Adams, Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres, p. 29.

72 18 For an analysis of the texts on which this claim was based, cf. James T. Shotwell and Louise Ropes Loomis, The See of Peter.

73 18 Cited in A. C. M’Giffert, Protestant Thought Before Kant, p. 44.

74 7 For a comprehensive condemnation by the Holy See of modern opinions which undermine the authority of the Roman Catholic Church, see the Syllabus of Pius IX (1864) and the Syllabus of Pius X (1907). The Syllabus of 1864 lists and condemns eighty principal errors of our time, and is described by the Catholic Encyclopedia (Vol. XIV, p. 369) as opposition “to the high tide of that intellectual movement of the Nineteenth Century which strove to sweep away the foundations of all human and Divine order.” The Syllabus of 1907 condemns sixty-five propositions of the Modernists which would “destroy the foundations of all natural and supernatural knowledge.” (Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. XIV, p. 370.) It should be noted that there is difference of opinion among Catholic scholars as to the binding power of these two pronouncements, and also that their meaning is open to elaborate interpretation.

75 2 Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. XIV, p. 766.

76 20 J. N. Figgis, Political Thought in the Sixteenth Century, Cambridge Modern History, Vol. III, p. 743.

79 4 Cf. J. N. Figgis, op. cit., p. 742.

80 20 For an able recent exposition by an American of this theory of absolutism, cf. Charles C. Marshall, The Roman Catholic Church in the Modern State.

85 24 Cited R. H. Tawney, Religion and the Rise of Capitalism, p. 44.

86 13 Cited Tawney, op. cit., p. 243.

98 6 The facts cited in this section are from: E. Mâle, L’Art Religieux du XIIIeme Siècle en France, and L’Art Religieux de la Fin du Moyen-Age en France. But cf. G. G. Coulton, Art and the Reformation.

102 28 Prometheus Unbound, cited A. N. Whitehead, Science and the Modern World, p. 119.

104 23 R. H. Wilenski, The Modern Movement in Art, p. 5.

109 10 Cf. Diego Rivera, The Revolution in Painting, in Creative Art, Vol. IV, No. 1. “And there is absolutely no reason to be frightened because the subject is so essential. On the contrary, precisely because the subject is admitted as a prime necessity, the artist is absolutely free to create a thoroughly plastic form of art. The subject is to the painter what the rails are to a locomotive. He cannot do without it. In fact, when he refuses to seek or accept a subject, his own plastic methods and his own esthetic theories become his subject instead. And even if he escapes them, he himself becomes the subject of his work. He becomes nothing but an illustrator of his own state of mind, and in trying to liberate himself he falls into the worst form of slavery. That is the cause of all the boredom which emanates from so many of the large expositions of modern art, a fact testified to again and again by the most different temperaments.”

109 18 Bernard Berenson, The Florentine Painters of the Renaissance, p. 19.

111 4 Cf. R. H. Wilenski, The Modern Movement in Art, p. 119.

116 4 Cf. George Santayana, Reason in Religion, pp. 92 et seq.

119 28 Cf. Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. X, p. 342.

123 17 Whitehead, Science and the Modern World, p. 257.

127 2 A. S. Eddington, Stars and Atoms, p. 121.

128 1 John Herman Randall Jr., The Making of the Modern Mind, p. 100.

128 9 Epist. ad Can Grand, cited in footnote to Paradiso in the Temple Classics.

129 3 Cf. P. W. Bridgman, The Logic of Modern Physics, p. 45.

129 23 C. S. Peirce, How to Make Our Ideas Clear in Chance, Love and Logic, edited by Morris R. Cohen.

130 4 Bridgman, op. cit., p. 38.

135 2 Cited L. R. Farnell, The Attributes of God, p. 275.

137 31 Cf. M. C. Otto, Natural Laws and Human Hopes, pp. 32 et seq.

146 29 The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. XII, p. 345.

147 29 Cf. B. L. Manning, The People’s Faith in the Time of Wyclif.

148 3 Fosdick, Adventurous Religion, p. 85 et seq.

148 9 Santayana, Reason in Religion, p. 43.

148 17 L. R. Farnell, The Attributes of God, p. 15.

149 14 Manning, op. cit.

159 2 Herbert Asbury, A Methodist Saint, The Life of Bishop Asbury, p. 265.

160 20 Cf. Encyclopedia Britannica, “Asceticism.”

161 17 Cf. Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. I, p. 768.

162 5 Quoted in Irving Babbitt, Rousseau and Romanticism, p. 45.

162 19 Rabelais, Book II, Chapter 34.

163 6 Cited Henry Osborn Taylor, Thought and Expression in the Sixteenth Century, Vol. I, p. 330.

163 25 Babbitt, op. cit., p. 161.

163 28 Cf. Dora Russell, The Right to be Happy.

164 5 Cf. Bertrand Russell, Political Ideals.

165 17 T. W. Rhys Davids, Buddhism, p. 111.

166 22 Ethics, Book II, Chapter 9.

177 3 S. Freud, Formulierung über die zwei Prinzipien des psychischen Geschehens, 1911, Jahrb, Bd., I, s. 411.

177 10 S. Ferenczi, Stages in the Development of the Sense of Reality, 1913. In Contributions to Psychoanalysis, translated by Dr. Ernest Jones.

192 13 Spinoza, Ethics, Part V, Prop. XLII.

192 23 Cf. T. W. Rhys Davids, Buddhism, p. 110.

192 31 Confucian Analects, Book II, Chapter 4.

195 25 A. N. Whitehead, Religion in the Making, pp. 15–16.

196 20 Analects VII, XX.

197 24 Ethics, Part V, Prop. XLII.

199 19 Cf. T. W. Rhys Davids, Buddhism, p. 84.

199 30 C. Snouck Hurgronje, Mohammedanism, p. 82.

200 18 Republic, VI, 495, 504.

205 5 Cf. J. Burnet, Philosophy in The Legacy of Greece, edited by R. W. Livingstone, p. 67.

218 9 Lucretius, On the Nature of Things, Book Third, Translation by H. A. J. Munro.

220 1 Spinoza, Ethics, Part V, Prop. III.

220 4 Id., Part V, Prop. VI.

224 28 Aristotle, Ethics, Book IV, Chapter III.

232 18 Oswald Spengler, The Decline of the West.

233 25 C. A. Beard, Is Western Civilization in Peril? Harper’s Magazine, August, 1928.

234 17 H. G. Wells, The Outline of History, Vol. II, pp. 394–5.

235 30 A. N. Whitehead, Science and the Modern World, p. 4.

236 10 W. T. Sedgwick and H. W. Tyler, A Short History of Science, p. 269. Cf. Martha Ornstein, The Role of Scientific Societies in the Seventeenth Century.

237 7 J. B. Bury, The Idea of Progress, p. 330.

238 16 For a most illuminating description of the behavior of a great scientific investigator, cf. Claude Bernard, An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine.

238 26 Bertrand Russell, Mysticism and Logic, p. 42.

240 19 Cf. Graham Wallas, Our Social Heritage, Chapter I.

241 12 John Herman Randall Jr., The Making of the Modern Mind, p. 279.

242 24 Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, Book IV, Chapter 9.

245 4 Cited in R. H. Tawney, Religion and the Rise of Capitalism, p. 286.

265 19 Otto Gierke, Political Theories of the Middle Age, Translated by F. W. Maitland, p. 23.

266 9 Id., p. 88.

266 12 Cf. J. W. Garner, Introduction to Political Science, p. 92.

267 7 For a discussion of the concept of sovereignty in the modern world, cf. Otto Gierke, Political Theories of the Middle Ages; J. N. Figgis, Churches in the Modern State; Lord Acton, History of Freedom and Other Essays; H. J. Laski, A Grammar of Politics; Kung Chuan Hsiao, Political Pluralism.

274 11 William Hard, Who’s Hoover? p. 193.

280 31 Reflections on the French Revolution, cf. Garner, op. cit., p. 112.

288 6 Genesis XXXVIII; cf. Harold Cox, The Problem of Population, pp. 208–211, for an interpretation of the story of Onan in the light of Deut. XXV, which shows that the crime of Onan was not the spilling of his seed, but a breach of Jewish tribal law in refusing “to perform the duty of a husband’s brother” with his brother’s widow.

289 1 Psalm 127, cf. Cox, op. cit.

289 9 The historical data are from A. M. Carr-Saunders, The Population Problem, Chapter I.

295 6 Havelock Ellis, Love as an Art, in Count Hermann Keyserling’s The Book of Marriage, p. 388.

295 21 Santayana, The Life of Reason, Vol. II, p. 10.

297 3 C. E. M. Joad, Thrasymachus, or The Future of Morals, pp. 54–55.

297 15 Havelock Ellis, The Family, in Whither Mankind, p. 216.

299 4 Quoted in Judge Ben B. Lindsey and Wainwright Evans, The Companionate Marriage, p. 210.

302 18 Cf. Alfred Weber, History of Philosophy, p. 72.

304 24 Love—Or the Life and Death of a Value, Atlantic Monthly, August, 1928.

310 14 Reason in Society, p. 22.

313 6 W. R. Inge, The Philosophy of Plotinus, Vol. II, p. 161.

320 15 John Keats, Letters to John Taylor, Feb. 27, 1818—in Oxford Book of English Prose, No. 379.

INDEX

Absolute state, 80

Absolutism, 266

Accademia dei Lincei, 236

“Acids of modernity.” See Modernity.

Acquisitive instinct, 250

Acton, Lord, 56

Adams, Henry, 71

Adeimantus, 160

Adultery, 89

“Agnostic,” 28, 77

Agnostics, 29, 54

Agnosticism, 34

Allegiance, 263, 265, 267, 268–269

Allegory, 37, 38–40

American farmer, 85, 276

Americanism, 61, 63, 274

American Philosophical Association, 236

Anabaptists, 15

Analysis, scientific, 107

Ananias, 95

Anarchy, moral, 209

Anne, St., 149

Anthropomorphism, 28, 148

Anti-evolution laws, 31

Antioch, 51, 52

Apostles, 58, 99, 120, 200

Aquinas, St. Thomas, 11, 68, 71, 100, 218, 323

Arcadia, 148, 162

Arians, 52

Aristocracy, 15

Aristophanes, 4

Aristotle, 26, 48, 127, 156, 157, 161, 166–167, 194, 224, 244, 319

Art, 112; Christian, 101; for art’s sake, 101, 104–105, 107

Artist, modern, 108–109

Artists and the Catholic Church, 98–101, 104

Asbury, Bishop, 158

Asbury, Herbert, 158

Asceticism, 155, 156–161, 191, 192, 204, 205

Astronomers, Newtonian, 123

Atheism, 28, 324

“Atheist,” 28, 29

Atheists, 6, 54, 194

Augsburg, Peace of, 79

Augustine, St., 37, 38, 69, 71, 73, 113, 196

Authority, 13, 14, 166, 202, 262, 272, 317, 326; divine, 135; ecclesiastical, 14–15, 35, 76, 93, 133, 236; moral, 9

Bacon, 324

Baxter, 86

Beard, Charles A., 233, 235

Beauty, religion of, 18

Beauvais, Vincent de, 99

Behavior, 171–172, 186

Behaviorism, 174, 177

Belief, childish, 185, 189, 190

Berenson, 109

Bergson, 107

Berlin Academy, 236

Besant, Mrs., 290

Betelguese, 169

Bible, 13, 23, 27, 34–35, 37, 38–39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 47–48, 60, 78, 121, 131, 132, 162, 214, 288; epic of, 116, 117

Biblical world, 40

Bigotry, 190

Bill of Rights, 114

Biologists, 150–151, 325

Birth control, 93, 285, 287, 289–291, 292–293, 296–297, 298–299, 301, 305–306, 307

Bishop of Rome, 71

Bodin, Jean, 262

Bolshevism, 251–253, 254–255

Bradlaugh, 290

Breuer, 220

Bridgman, Prof., 129

Broadway Temple, 88

Brownell, W. C., 24

Bryan, 77

Buddha, 46, 155, 156, 161, 165, 193, 194, 199, 200

Buffon, 241

Bunyan, John, 86

Bureaucracy, 249–250

Burke, Edmund, 280

Bury, Prof. John B., 236

Business, 231, 284; and the Catholic Church, 84–88; organized, 244; stabilization of, 256

Byron, 5, 6

Calles, 264, 265

Calvin, 13, 39, 73, 74, 135

Calvinism, 13

Canby, Henry Seidel, 17

Capitalism, 16, 85, 245, 247–248, 250–251; primitive, 251–252; rise of, 232, 245–246

Capitalists, 242; abolition of, 249–250; coercion of, 248–249

Capitalistic credo, 244–245

Caste, 199

Catholic Church, 7, 15, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 49, 58, 72, 73, 77, 81, 84–85, 86, 94, 98, 117, 120, 161, 205–206, 291

Catholic Encyclopedia, 51, 74

Catholicism, 11, 15, 35, 58, 78, 81, 86, 109

Catholics, 74, 76–77

Cause and effect, 181

Cecilia, St., 98–99

Certainty, feeling of, 19, 21, 322

Certainty, moral. See Moral certainty.

Chateaubriand, 5

Chesterton, G. K., 56–57

Children and the churches, 91, 93

Christ, 13, 14, 23, 29–30, 33, 58, 74, 99, 205; See also Jesus.

“Christ, athletes of,” 160

Christian capitalism, 87

Christian Directory, 86

Christian doctrine, 152, 163

Christian Fathers, 207

Christianity, 8–9, 11, 29–30, 32, 34, 55, 58, 205–206, 250; foundations of, 51

Christianity and Liberalism, 32

Christian socialism, 87

Chrysostom, St., 51–54

Church and state, 75, 79–80, 112

Church attendance, 48

Church councils, 58

Church of England, 266

Church of St. Urban, 98

City of God, 69, 71; See also “Civitas Dei.”

Civilization, cycle of, 232; modern, 4, 9, 62, 230, 233–234, 237, 240, 241, 265, 267, 271, 273, 300, 327; Roman, 233–234; technological, 233, 238, 240

Civil service, 271–272

Civil War, 66

Civitas Dei, 70; See also “City of God.”

Commercial enterprise, 86

Commonsense, religion of, 44, 45

Commonweal, 34

Communities, homogeneous, 270–271

Competition, 247; free, 244

Compulsions, old and new, 9–10

Comstock, Anthony, 156

Conceptions of God, 51; Eighteenth-Century, 55; Luther’s, 53; mediæval, 55, 71–72; Modernist, 55; Oriental, 55; St. Chrysostom’s, 52–53

Concepts, fixed, 171

Conclusions to The Renaissance, 106

Conduct, human, 145, 230, 284, 323

Conformity, 12, 324–325, 328

Confucius, 193, 196, 258, 327

Conventions, new, 12

Conversion, 192, 198

Council of Vienna, 87

Counter-Reformation, 94, 96

Courage, 222–223

Cox, Harold, 288

Creation, 99; theory of, 11

Creative evolution, 18, 117, 131

Creator, dependence on, 69

Credulity, modern, 8–9

Creeds, profusion of, 110

Critique of Pure Reason, 136

Cults, modern, 9, 14, 125–126

Culture, theocratic, 164, 175, 221

Curia, 81

Curiosity, 129–130

Custom, 166, 167, 241, 327

Dante, 11, 68, 69, 128, 323

Darwin, 210

Darwinism, 125, 132, 174

Darrow, Clarence, 13

Davids, Rhys, 165

Decoding the Bible, 41, 47

Della Porta, 236

Democracy, 15, 264, 278

Desire, reform of, 201, 202, 282, 320–321

Desires, human, 145, 146, 165, 167–170, 172, 180, 182, 186, 190, 193, 206, 216, 310–311, 319

Destiny, human, 133, 184, 218, 324

Development, concept of, 171–172, 174, 191; industrial, 245–246, 252, 253–254, 255, 257, 258

Dialogue of Dives and Pauper, 147

Dictatorship, military, 253, 264

Disciplines, 202, 203, 205

Disillusionment, 17, 326

Disinterestedness, 204, 206, 209, 210, 221, 225, 230–231, 237, 238–239, 243, 258, 272, 281, 283, 311, 313, 323, 327, 330

Disorders, social, 191–192, 206

Disposition to believe, 143

Divine Comedy, 69, 128

Divine government, sense of, 72, 95, 194; theory of, 71–72, 82, 175

Divine right of kings, 79, 265

Divorce, 299, 308

Doge, 81

Dogma, 13, 96, 125, 133, 176, 244

Domain of religion, 82

Donne, John, 40

Doubt, freedom from, 16

Ecclesiastical establishments, 196, 201, 314–315

Eckhart, 196

Economic order, new, 86, 246–248

Eddington, Dr., 127

Eden, 37

Education, 175, 184, 191, 192, 198, 230

Eighteenth Century, 154, 174, 266, 289

Élan vital, 55

Eliot, T. S., 303

Ellis, Havelock, 293, 295–296, 297, 301, 305

Emancipation, 19; of women, 91–92

Emotions, 220

Encyclopedia Britannica, 289

England, 253–254, 272, 273

Environment, 145, 172, 180, 181, 184, 189, 190, 247, 250

Epistles of St. Paul, 44

Erasmus, 196

Essay on Population, 289

Estheticism, 105, 107

Ethical codes, 49, 165

Ethics, 166

Evil, problem of, 145, 156, 213, 214, 216–217, 218, 329; sense of, 188, 189, 218–219

Evils, social, 243

Evolution, 60, 117, 122, 125, 132, 171, 210, 231; See also Creative evolution.

Excommunication, 76

Executives, modern business, 256–257

Exhibition of London, 236–237

Existence, 108, 117, 123

Exodus, 27, 118

Experience, Christian, 33; esthetic, 106; lessons of, 181, 182, 183, 186, 188, 189, 192, 195, 227; scientific, 220

Faith, age of, 83, 322; questions of, 77

Fallacy, 167, 168

Family, 88, 91–92, 93

Fanaticism, 271

Faraday, 240

Fascism, 251–253, 254

Faust, 116

Federal Council of Churches of Christ, 87

Ferenczi, Dr. S., 177–179

Fetich worship, 160

Feudal system, 85–86, 242, 252, 253, 263, 266–267

Figgis, Dr., 76, 81

Fildes, Mrs., 289–290

Flaubert, 7

Ford, Henry, 64

Fornication, 89

Fosdick, Rev. Harry Emerson, 21–22, 40, 41, 42, 45–46, 47, 97, 147–148

Fourth Gospel, 11, 44, 194

Francis, St., 69, 113

Franklin, Benjamin, 236

Freedom, 17, 136, 242, 262, 315, 326, 327; religious, 75

French Academy of Sciences, 236

Freud, 107, 157, 176, 177, 179, 220

Fruits of Philosophy, 290

Fundamentalism, 30–31, 34–35, 64

Fundamentalists, 31, 33–34, 51, 60, 77

Galileo, 123–124, 236

Gargantua, 162–163

Genesis, 27, 38, 131, 132, 325

Geneva, 74

Genteel, cult of, 155

Gentleman, ideal of, 167

Germany, 254, 272

Gestalt-theorie, 174, 177

Gierke, 70

Giotto, 109

Gnostics, 52

God, attributes of, 213–214, 215–216

Gods, Greek, 10, 302

Godlessness, 194

Gods, popular. See Theology, popular.

Golden Age, 151

Golden mean, 166–167, 180

Good and evil, 135, 137, 153, 168, 170, 172, 214–215, 320

“Good life,” 156, 172, 191, 202, 319, 323

Good Samaritan, 37

Gospels, 37, 44, 206, 325

Government, 231, 275–276, 278–279

Grace, meaning of, 58; religion of, 12

Greek Church, 51

Hammurabi, code of, 136

Happiness, pursuit of, 4, 153, 166, 198, 328–329

Heaven, Christian, 146

Hedonism, 301–302, 304, 319

Hegesias, 302

Hellenism, 322

Hemingway, Ernest, 303

Hera, 148

Heretics, 56

Heroism, 156

Hertz, 240

Heterodoxy, 12, 62

Hierarchies, 92, 263, 265, 268

Higher Criticism, 40

“Higher sense,” 11

High religion, 193, 203–204, 207, 208, 230, 239; function of, 193; insight of, 207–208, 209, 230, 239, 251

Hildebrand, 58

Historians, philosophic, 232

Historical scholarship, 157

History, 143, 157

Hobbes, 266

Holy Land, 149

Holy See, 73, 74

Homer, 10, 43

Hooker, Richard, 266

Hoover, 273–274

Hope and fear, 321, 330

Hosea, 12

Human development, 177, 234

Humanism, 137–139, 143–144, 164, 166, 167, 172, 175, 196, 221

Humanity, religion of, 18

Human nature, 157, 161, 164, 165, 169, 171–172, 173, 175–176, 183–184, 207, 227, 306, 327

Huss, 73

Huxley, Aldous, 303

Huxley, Thomas Henry, 6

Iconoclasm, 17, 96, 315

Iconoclasts, 15, 302

Idealism, debacle of, 17

Ideals, foundation of, 133, 224, 323; succession of, 111

Ideas, crystallization of, 20

Idols, smashing of, 15, 16

Illusions, 8, 189, 232

Immortality, 11, 41–43, 45, 122, 180, 188

Impersonal, worship of the, 44

Impulses, 165–166, 168, 169, 192, 222, 224, 227, 306

Industry, ideals of, 258–259; modern, 248, 251, 255–256, 260, 273–274, 288

Inertia, human, 208, 227

Infallibility, 81

Infantilism, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 181, 182, 184, 185, 189–190, 191

Inferno, 146

Inge, Dean, 28, 29–30, 42, 44, 46, 196, 313, 314

Inquiry, disinterested, 132; freedom of, 126

Inquisition, 123–124, 161

Inspiration, 13, 46

Intelligence, 186; machinery of, 64

Interests, diversification of, 267–268, 269–270, 274, 328

Internal life, 152, 195, 196

Invention of invention, 235

Inventions, mechanical, 234–235

Irreligion, modern, 12, 53–54

Isaiah, 12

Italy, 251–253, 272

James I, 79

James, William, 18, 24–26

Jefferson, 15

Jehovah, 12, 214, 288; See also Yahveh.

Jerome, St., 161

Jesus, 12, 46, 99, 119, 155, 193, 199, 200; See also Christ.

Jews, 52

Joad, C. E. M., 296, 297, 315–316

Job, 213–216

Job, Book of, 214, 216

John, Gospel of. See Fourth Gospel.

John, St., 99

Joyce, James, 303

Judaism, 12

Judgment, private, 15, 34

Kant, Immanuel, 136–137

Keats, 320

Kelvin, Lord, 129

Keynes, Maynard, 245, 258

Knowledge, limitations of, 202

Knowlton, 290

Knox, 73

Krutch, Joseph Wood, 302–303, 304

Ku Klux Klan, 31

Labor, organized, 244

Laissez-faire, 242, 244, 250, 252

Lake, Kirsopp, 27–29

Lamarckism, 125

“Land of heart’s desire,” 151–152

Last Judgment, 99

Law enforcement, 277–278

Law, international, 265–266

Lawrence, D. H., 303

Leadership, mass, 274–275

Legislation, modern, 275–276, 279

Lent, 1492, 38

Leviticus, 37

Lewis, Sinclair, 16

Liberalism, 6, 152

Liberals, Protestant, 34; religious, 21, 33

Liberty, natural, 243, 244–246, 258

Life, art of, 175, 326–327; mediæval view of, 154, 323; wisdom of, 156, 330

Lindbergh, Col. Charles A., 222–223

Lindsey, Judge, 298, 307

Locke, 266

Love, art of, 293, 295, 301, 303, 305, 308–309; value of, 302–304, 306, 310

Lowell Lectures, 25

Loyalty, 261–263, 268–269, 272, 325

Lucretius, 218

Luther, 13, 14–15, 39, 53–54, 73–74, 79, 196

Lutheran Church, 13

Lutherans, 77

Machen, Prof. J. Gresham, 32, 33–34

Machine process, 246, 253–254, 274

Machine technology, 242–243, 247, 251, 252, 254, 257, 258–259, 274, 284, 316

Mâle, 100, 101

Malthus, 289

Manichæans, 52

Man, nature of, 152, 243

Manner of life, 235

Markets, 246–247

Marriage, 89, 286, 288, 289, 291, 309, 310–311, 312; companionate, 298, 307

Marxianism, 16

Mary, St. See Virgin Mary.

Masses, 148–149, 278

Matriarchal societies, 91

Maturity, 174–175, 176–177, 179–180, 183–184, 185, 186, 189, 190, 191–192, 204, 209, 225, 230, 237, 239, 313, 323, 325, 327, 328–329

Maxwell, 240

Mazzini, 18

Meaning of things, 183

Mechanism, 125, 128, 130–131

Medical progress, 218

Melanchthon, 79

Mencken, H. L., 13, 16

Mendel’s law, 231

Messianic Kingdom, 11

Methodism, 6; American, 158

Mexico, 253, 265

Middle Ages, 70–72, 73, 94, 129, 131, 161, 265, 266

Mill, James, 289

Milton, 74, 266

Minority, recalcitrant, 279

Miracles, 118, 119–120

Mississippi flood, 273–274

Modernism, 18, 32, 33, 59, 77, 117, 217

Modernists, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 35, 42, 51

Modernity, 5, 8, 14, 15, 19, 56, 68, 96, 105, 110, 112, 143, 158, 196–197, 208, 229, 251, 284, 316, 318, 320, 321

Modern man, 4, 8–10, 12, 19, 21, 24, 40, 41, 51, 54, 57, 59, 94, 111, 112, 113, 114, 152, 153, 158, 161, 194, 203, 227–228, 315, 316

Modern men. See Modern man.

Modern Movement in Art, The, 104

Modern spirit, 36, 110, 143

Modern state, 260, 262–263, 267, 272–273, 275, 279, 311

Modern world, 14, 19, 20, 268–269, 270, 300, 311, 322–324

Mohammed, 145

Mohammedanism, 199

Monasticism, 204–206

Montaigne, 48, 175, 196

Moral certainty, 9–10, 15, 115

Moral codes, 3, 49, 135, 167, 170, 171, 201, 208–209, 226, 228, 272, 317, 319

Moral confusion, 155, 228, 230

Moral effect, 179–180

Moral effort, 175

Moral guidance, 14, 205

Moral insight, 227–228, 229

Moralists, 164, 165, 166, 167, 170, 172, 173, 208–209, 225, 244, 300, 314–315, 316–319, 320–321, 323

Morality, 114–115, 117, 136, 137–139, 145; divine, 49–50; sanctions of, 78, 166, 176, 228; theistic, 138; See also Morals.

Moral law, 46, 48, 191, 233

Moral philosophies, 156

Moral problem, 134, 166, 168, 192, 229, 312, 317

Morals, 17, 112, 151, 157, 192, 208, 210, 227–228, 229, 241, 322; See also Morality.

Moral values, 106

Morris, William, 5, 244

Mortality, 188, 191

Mosaic law, 136

Moses, 49

Moving pictures, 6

Music, 182

Musset, Alfred de, 163

Mystics, 147, 196

Nain, 119

Naples, 236

Nationalism, 63–64, 232

Natural goodness, 163

Natural man, 19, 162, 163, 241

Natural selection, 18, 150

Nature and science, 241

Nature, laws of, 117, 122, 125, 150, 165, 195; religion of, 18

Necessity, experience of, 187

Need to believe, 125, 203

Neo-Malthusianism, 289–290

Neo-Platonism, Christian, 28

Neo-Platonists, modern, 11

New Jerusalem, 115, 116

Newspapers, popular, 6, 64–65

New York, 66, 271, 273

Nicæa, Second Council of, 98, 100, 101

Nietzsche, 7, 157

Nietzscheanism, 16

Nineteenth Century, 5, 16, 18, 174, 288, 309

Nirvana, 145, 165, 199

Noah’s Ark, 38

Noguchi, 223

Non-sectarianism, 77–78

Novels, autobiographical, 113

Objectivity, 132

Obregon, Gen., 264

Old Testament, 55, 214

Onan, 288

Order, ancestral, 68, 153, 207, 208, 228, 267, 314, 322; cosmic, 8, 195, 202, 216; industrial, 242

Origen, 11, 28, 29, 37, 39, 196

Original sin, 198

“Orthodox,” 57, 122

Orthodoxy, 10, 11, 12, 19–20, 32, 35, 194, 216

“Overbeliefs,” 24

Pach, Walter, 95

Pagans, 52

Painting, religious, 94–96, 97–98

Pantagruelists, 162

Pantheism, 117–118

Paradise, 128, 145, 146

Paradise Lost, 116

Parenthood, 292–294, 301, 305

Paris, 111, 223

Passions, harmony of, 198, 206, 208

Pater, 149

Pater, Walter, 106–107

Patriotism, 18, 78, 82

Paul, St., 12–13, 50, 52, 58, 90, 99, 155, 161

Peace of mind, 7–8

Peirce, Charles S., 129

Periclean Age, 11, 232

Personality, persistence of, 42

Peter, St., 72, 74, 99, 146

Petrarch, 5

Phædo, 159

Pharisees, 12, 317, 319

Philistines, 104

Philosophers, Greek, 10, 159, 233, 235–236

Philosophy, 324; industrial, 243, 260; modern, 157, 158; political, 260

Physicists, 102, 124, 129

Physics, 143, 157, 174, 241

Pilgrim’s Progress, The, 200

Place, Francis, 289

Plato, 10, 48, 156, 159, 161, 200, 289

Platonic tradition, 28

Platonism, 43

Platonists, 42–43, 196

Pleasure and pain, 177, 179, 302

Plot, John, 149

Plotinus, 155

Political conduct, 264–265, 284

Political machine, 264

Politician, the, 279–282

Pope, the, 13, 15, 72, 79, 81, 85, 265, 270–271

Pope Innocent IV, 85

Pope Paul V, 81

Pope Pius IX, 75

Population, growth of, 289–291

Post-Darwinians, 18

Pragmatism, 119

Prayer, 146–149

Pre-machine age, 253

Presbyterians, 79

Priesthood, 73

Primitive peoples, 159

Procreation, 166

Progress, religion of, 18

Prohibition, 31, 277

Propaganda, 281

Prophet, artist as, 101–102, 103, 104

Prophets, 12

Protestantism, 15, 30, 32, 34, 52, 77, 86

Protestants, 34–35

Pseudo-religions, 125

Psychiatry, 158, 159

Psychoanalysis, 6, 125, 174, 177, 179, 220

Psychology, 143, 171, 172, 173, 174, 220; abnormal, 171; folk, 171; popular, 114; scientific, 173, 176

Public interest, 257–258

Public opinion, 167

Public schools, 76–77

Public utilities, regulation of, 254–255

Purgatory, 146

Puritanism, 154, 302

Purpose, cosmic, 9

Pythagoras, 204–205

Rabelais, 161, 162–163

Randall, Dr., 127–128

Rationalists, 24–25

Rationalization, 39

Reality, 177, 179, 180, 193, 216, 272, 312, 319

Reason and faith, 51, 121

Rebellion, 16–17, 19, 190

Rebels, 15–18, 19

Reconstruction, essays in, 14

Redemption, 11, 115

Reformation, 13, 72–73, 94, 154

Reformers, Eighteenth-Century, 15; Protestant, 34, 39, 40, 73, 96

Relative motion, 124

Religion, 8, 10, 17, 18–19, 23, 112, 123, 131, 284, 324; aristocracy in, 197, 200, 202, 203; need of, 123; of the spirit, 44, 46, 196–197, 203, 205–206, 327–328; popular, 14, 32–33, 47, 50, 69, 91, 94, 127, 131–132, 143, 145, 176, 194, 195–196, 201, 202, 208, 216, 227, 232, 244, 325 (See also Theology, popular); traditional, 122, 124, 203

Religious experience, 33, 90–91, 125, 325–326

Religious synthesis, 111, 124

Religious thought, 96

Religious wars, 74

Religious writing, 97

Renaissance, 94–95, 161; High, 154

Renan, 7

Renunciation, 45, 156, 157, 191, 192, 206

Republic, 159–160

Revelation, 124, 126, 127, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 143, 318, 326; logic of, 121; sense of, 13

Revivals, 14

Revolution, French, 289; industrial, 210, 248; mechanical, 19, 234, 236, 241, 248, 289; Russian, 250–251; spiritual, 133–134

Rewards and punishments, 201, 202, 213

Riggs, Father, 34

Righteousness, sense of, 16

Right of revolution, 82

Right to believe, 25

Rights of men, 242, 267

Roland, 71

Roman Catholic Church. See Catholic Church.

Roman Empire, 58, 205

Romantics, 18, 26, 154

Rome, 149, 236

Rousseau, 154, 266

Royal Society of London, 236

Ruskin, 244

Russell, Bertrand, 27, 114, 157, 238, 298–299, 308

Russell, Dora, 163

Russia, 250–253, 272, 273

Sages, teaching of, 198, 200, 210, 239

Saintliness, 156

Salvation, 75, 88, 147, 195–197, 198, 201, 313

Santayana, George, 19, 35, 36, 43, 68, 145, 148, 182, 310, 311

Sargent, John, 95

Savonarola, 37

Schoolmen, 127, 129

Science, 10, 18, 19, 112, 120, 123, 153, 176, 205; and religion, 123–124, 132–133; concepts in, 102–103, 107, 122; Greek, 210; logic of, 121; mediæval, 128; method of, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 157, 239; modern, 127, 128, 236–237, 239, 316; popular, 127; pure, 237–238, 239

Science and the Modern World, 123

Scientific discipline, 239–240, 241

Scientific explanation, 130, 131

Scientific hypotheses, 125, 126–127

Scientific inquiry, 35, 123, 236

Scientific materialism, 131

Scientific method. See Science, method of.

Scientific research, 236–237, 238

Scientific spirit, 240, 327

Scientific theory, 133, 209

Scribes, 12

Scriptures. See Bible.

Self-discipline, 45, 196–197, 198

Serenity, 7–8

Sex, 284–285, 288, 299–300, 306, 308; and religion, 89–90

Sexual conventions, 299–300, 301, 307–308

Sexual ideal, 93–94, 293, 301, 305–306, 307

Sexuality, 150, 165–166, 303–304

Sexual relations, 231, 284–287, 288–289, 291–292, 295–296, 297, 299, 308, 312

Shaw, George Bernard, 18, 48, 156

Shelley, 5–6, 102

Simeon Stylites, St., 158

Sinai, 136, 227

Smith, Adam, 242, 243, 245

“Social compact,” 266–267

Socialism, 249–250, 258

Socialists, 249, 250, 252

Social system, American, 65–67, 273–274

Society, 19, 190, 206, 207, 241, 250, 266, 276, 284, 322; opinion of, 134

Socrates, 10, 11, 155, 159, 160, 161, 219, 220

Song of Solomon, 38

Sophists, 219, 220

Sophisticated violence, 64

Soul, 114, 196

Sovereignty, conception of, 265, 267

Space, sense of, 180

Species, propagation of, 150

Speculation, philosophic, 233

Spengler, 62, 232

Spinoza, 155, 156, 161, 192, 193, 194, 197, 216, 219, 220, 266

Spirituality, 154, 197, 204, 329–330

Staël, Madame de, 162

Statesman, the, 279–283

Steele, Richard, 86

Stimuli, 182

Stoddard, Lothrop, 64

Suffering, irrational, 213

Summa, 100

Supernatural kingdom, 143, 325–326

Superstition, 218

Survival of the fittest, 150

Syllabus of Pope Pius IX, 314

Symbolism, 34, 45, 68, 100, 325

Tabu, 160

Tamar, 288

Tariff, 276–277

Ten Commandments, 78

Tennessee, 77

Theism, 136, 137

Theocracy, 194, 195, 197, 203, 227, 228

Theodorus of Cyrene, 301–302

Theology, Catholic, 51, 119; popular, 10–11, 23 (see also Religion, popular)

Thirteenth Century, 11

Thomas à Kempis, 113

Thomson, James, 5

Thought, contemporary, 194; scientific, 125, 235

Time, sense of, 181

Toleration, 74–77, 123

Totemism, 160

Towns, rise of, 19, 232

Tradesman’s Calling, The, 86

Traditions, religious, 61–62, 96, 97

Transubstantiation, 58

Trent, Council of, 14, 100–101

Trinity, 70

True Law of Free Monarchy, 79

“Truth, the,” 129

Unam sanctam, 81

Unbelief, 3–20, 28, 228, 229, 326

Understanding, 181–183, 191, 206, 321, 329

Uneasiness, modern, 14

United States, 253–254, 272, 274, 276, 277–278

Universe, 8, 128, 129, 145

Usury, 84, 85, 86, 87

Utopia, 151

Valerian, 98–99

Values, transvaluation of, 16, 181

Versailles, Court of, 95

Vicegerent of God, 72

Victoria, Queen, 155, 302

View of life, traditional, 109

Villers, 162

Virgin Mary, 96, 99, 115, 149

Virtue, 166, 192, 221–225, 226–227, 228–229, 320, 329; conception of, 226, 318, 319, 324

Voltaire, 16, 197

Wallas, Graham, 240

Walter Reed Hospital, 223

Walwayn, Thomas, 149

War, abolition of, 232

Watt, James, 234, 236

Wealth of Nations, 242

Wells, H. G., 233–234

West, Lady Alice, 148–149

Whitehead, Alfred North, 25–27, 123–124, 195, 236, 325

Wilenski, R. H., 104, 111

Will, human, 195

Will of God, 10, 195

Will to believe, 25, 53

Wisdom, 185–186, 198–199, 201, 226–228, 229, 244, 320, 324

Woman, economic independence of, 93

Women, chastity of, 286–288, 291

Wordsworth, 5, 18, 180

World, character of, 186

World’s Christian Fundamentalist Association, 30, 31

World War, 17, 253, 272–273

Wyclif, 37, 73

Wynne, Father, 146

Yahveh, 55, 214. See also Jehovah.